The Oregon daily journal., January 21, 1910, Page 7, Image 7

, THE ' OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, , PORTLAND, FRIDAY EVENING. JANUARY' 21. 1910.
V-,'
ISTIWMr rlll-N TKUDV CRTS llisl5TDI)lG0IIIGT0 : ' .'
ELECTION SINCE r i f AFRICA TO HUNT
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Rejection' of Budget by House
: . of Lords Cause of Britons'
- Trouble "Tacking" Rea
, son for Its Rejection.
Ily Frederic f, Haskin.
Washlnitton, Jan. .11. Th jeneraj
prllmentai'y election rilow in prog-reaa
. Irk. England l In many respects the
most important political campaign slnoa
t,he iMllot, box was h lnventoil The
peculiar Isnues .Involved are such thai.
whatever the, result of the votlrif, the
constitution. or the British empire will
be radically changed. Usually , it l 1m
posfclble to weigh. the importance ot a
political campaign in advance: but from
the first it has been known that a Lib
eral victory would mean the reduotlon
of the power of tba house of lords to
the w tent that, it might not veto nor
amend bills affecting revenues, and
that a Conservative victory would mean
thai the power of the bouse of lords
would be augmented, and that of the
house it commons reduced to a point
approximating the condition of; affairs
before 1 the Revolution ainder Oliver
Cromwell. . ; . , , , ,
'A ie4 Burning Issue.
Here England decides whether It will
adopt the newest notions of polltcal re
form and advance toward socialism, or
whether It will return to a more pro
nounced lndiyidualistlo system. The
campaign was the most exciting that
England has ever known far mora "fast
nd furious" than any campaign the
;Vnlted States ' ever has known i The
' 'most Important reason for the unpre
cedented Interest in this particular cam
paign 'Is the fact that there was a real,
living, burning Issue. At tbe beginning
of the campaign this issue of the peo
(jle against the peers was clear cut, and
It was sufficient to"'get'hc6untry
"thoroughly awake. Tben other questions
'were Injected, until, at tire close, the
'speakers were compelled . to discuss
many side Issues, each of overwhelming
Importance. Seldom has so much been
crowded Into one campaign, never has
so much depended on the result of an
.election. . . , .
i In the Beginning.
To begin at the beginning: The Llb
erej party came Into power In 1908 by
"an overwhelming majority. It at
tempted to. legislate along "progressive'
w v : (Copyright by the New York American.)
Coloneh Roosevelt examining a rifle preparatory to entering the Jangle
for rhlnoceri. ; The picture was taken by Cherry K carton, the fa
fjmotia photographer of animal life, who haa just left New York to
, return to Africa and spend another few weeks before the former
president nftirta for home.. The picture Is one of the first to be
published in the United States of Colonel Roosevelt amid African
. scenes. 1 '
November JO, 1909, rejected and vetoed
tha hnrtirot In effect, bv adODtlnff all
amendment to -It declaring "That this
house Is not Justified In giving its con
sent to this bill until It has been sub
mitted to the Judgment of the country."
This action was taken by a vote of SCO
to 76, Whereupon the campaign was on.
Political rractloea.
Some nnderstafldlng of the nature of
the -British constitution, and of the
sharp practice by politicians of both
Liberal and Conservative parties. Is
necessary to 'explain this . crisis. The
British constitution is not a'' written
document like that of the United States,
but is the collection of governmental
precedents from early times until the
present.. Since the reestabllshment (if
English affairs after the Cromwell rev
olution the. house of lords, under the
accepted constitution, has had no right to
reject or materially to amend revenue
lines, but its great majority In the &". The Budget naa Deen exclusively
house of commons was of no account me woric or we nouse or commons,
!when the house of lords could veto or and the; assent of the lords has been
emasculate every measure. The house
'of lords Is always overwhelmingly Con
servative. The first prime minister, Sir
II. Campbell-Bannerman, died, and was
'Succeeded by Herbert H. Asquith, the
present premier. David Lloyd-George
became chancellor of the exchequer, a
position which amounts. If transferred
.Jo the United States, to a combination.
'Of all the power held by the secretary
of the treasury. Speaker Cannon. 8ena
,'tor Aldrlch and Chairman Tawney of
,the house committee of appropriations.
I f; . . I
t". EaCh year the chancellor of the ex
cheauer makes up the budget, a bill
providing for the collection and ex
pendlture of all the revenues of the
country. This budget goes Into effect
8h law on the day It Is Introduced In
the house of commons. It Is Just as
if Eecretary MacVeagh had the power
to draw up a bill fixing all taxation,
jlncludlng the tariff, and making all ap
propriations. Including fixed charges
fuponVfufure administrations, and that
'such a bill would become law at the mo
.menf.lt was transmitted to congress.
.However, the budget, although already
'in effect, must be passed by parliament
"and approved by the king. The king's
approval Is purely perfunctory, as the
crown has not exercised the right of
veto since the days of Queen Anne.
The budget introduced April 29. 1909,
Is the cause of all the trouble. It pro
vided for the revolutionary process of
'taxing land values. After much stormy
debate It was passed by the house of
commons by a huge majority and sent
given just as tbe perfunctory approval
of the king la required.
The Liberals government was unable
to pass Its proposed "progressive" leg
islation In separate bills, so the whole
social reform scheme 'was tied up with
revenue measures and Introduced In the
budget In this form the budget might
have been open to the charge of con
taining extraneous matter of legislation
not strictly in the revenue. . class a
system of legislation formerly, common
In the United States, when "riders"
were attached to appropriation bills. In
England tbe system Is called "lacking.
The lords might have objected to the
Dua?et on tnis score, out tne quarrel tnen
would have been Indeterminate. They
did not dare to undertake a step so
revolutionary as to reject the bill in
toto. The "referendum" amendment was
the result. By its adoption the house
of lords admitted that the social reform
measures In the budget were "In order,'
and not subject to the charge of "tack
ing.'-1- r ThIorda -also force a disso
lution and asked for an election. For
more than a century the power to dis
solve parliament has not been exercised
by the lords. '
Hot Bo Muoh Interest la 800 Tsars.
The campaign began with this clear
cut Issue: Has or has not the house of
commons the sole control of the purse
strings of the nation as exercised since
the
other, hand, did not meet the Issue
squarely, but set up the claim that the
amendment by the lords was not a re
jection, but a referendum to the people.
Beneath this quibble, however, the Con
servatives were stirred to mighty effort
and the peers, themselves, awoke to
action such as they have not dreamed or
In 200 years.
With one of the great parties thus
unwilling to meet the Issue which
caused the election. It was Inevitable
that the waters should become muddled.
Tbe Conservatives, led by the former
prime minister, Arthur J. Balfour of
the house of commons, and by Lord
Lansdowne of the peers, offered tariff
reform,, meaning protection ' instead of
free trade, as a substitute for all the
relief offered In the Lloyd-George bud
get and proceeded to make their cam
paign upon that Issue. In addition,
they charged that the Liberal govern
ment had failed to provide for the ade
quate defense of the nation against
what they declare to be an Imminent
attack by Germany.
"Asqnlth as deader.
Thus the two parties went to the
country. Premier Asquith leading the
Liberals, although all but overshad
owed by the great Lloyd-Geonre. In the
defense of the budget and In the attack
upon the house of lords, endeavored to
keep the original issue clearly before
the people. The lords and the Con
servatives, who forced the referendum
on that Issue themselves, under the
leadership of Mr. Balfour, sought to
place the emphasis upon tariff reform.
Mr. Balfour has a record of many years
as a xree trader and also as a severe
critic of the house of lords, so that
his part In the campaign, was most dif
ficult But he was thoroughly In earnest
In opposition to the land tax and land
valuation features of the budget, and
he used the best weapons at hand with
which to fight If the campaign could
uccu nrui 10 ins issue UDOn which
the referendum was taken, there would
never nave been a doubt of a sweeping
uioerai victory ana tne practical aboli
tion of the house of lords. The Con
servatives were forced, by the law of
seir preservation, to bring In the tariff
reiorm issue.
Thunder Sounds Familiar.
The Liberals tell the DeoDle tha.t thir
suffer because ' the land Is held by a
days of Cromwell? The Liberals f do not use It to the best
declared In the affirmative,, accused
the lords of defying the constitution
and asked the people to return the Lib
eral government and to limit the power
4o the house of lords. That body, on-of the lords. The Conservatives, on the
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From San Francisco or Los An
geles. New, up-to-date, high-class
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Illustrated booklets and full par
xicuiars on application.
advantage, and that theae-land owners
must share In the burdens of public
taxation, xne conservatives tell the
people that free trade has brought them
to their low estate and that if thev win
adopt a protective tariff there will be
wors xor au the unemployed, a Job for
every man. and thatr th Tofelgner will
pay we taxes to run the government Tn
American ears the campaign thunder is
strangely .familiar.
Not least among the interesting feat
ures of this remarkable campaign Is
that both parties have
United 'States for precedents and ex
amples to prove their
Liberals have pointed out that all land
Is taxed In America. knA th rrn...
lves have retorted with the amaeino-
dlscovery that the land tax has kept
down the price of real estate in Bos
ton! The Conservatives have pointed to
the. high -wages 'and nrosDeritv nf Amer
ican workingmen as the product of the'
proitcuve win, and the Liberals have
retorted with ' the price of butter and
eggs In Kansas' City I Thomas Jeff nr.
son is quoted In attacking the housa of
lords and Alexander Hamilton Is
brought forth to defend that in
Mother England seems quite ready to
learn something from the Yni ,.,
at the eame time she has much to teach
ths United States about tha. business
of oonductlng campaigns and managing
elections.
1 1
' f M. J. GEARY,
General Agent, Passenger Dept.
140 Third St. Portland; Or.
. Phones : Main 334,-2666. .
Tomorrow- "Politics on Billboards."
WILCOX GIVEN GAS
FRANCHISE AT DALLES
tSpecIrt Dispatcb to The Journal.)
The Lalles. Or. Jan. Si.J.?r?hI -I.
? T Ay m,?et,n-of the city council
John D. Wilcox of Portland was grant
ed a SO year franchise to conduct a
gas plant An- The Dallea Bv ih f.
chie he is permitted to use the streets
andalteys In whioh to construct mains
for the purpose of transmitting "gas
for light and heating. V
Mr. Wilcox states that work ntrt.
ing the plant and constructing mains
' will be commenced as soon as the wea-
mer win permit e expeots to be In
readiness to furnish the doodIs of thn
I city with gas before the end of the
year. :..:v.-v , ;
Wireless at St. Helens.
, (Special Dispatch to The Journal.) 1
St Helens, Or., Jan. 21. St. Helens
Is to have a wireless telegraph station.
i Ths St Helens Mill . comn&nv. nw ;
the management of Charles R. Mc-
Cormlck & .Co., of San Francisco, and
H. tA. , McCormlck: of St.. Helena, hav
erected on Washington square In the
western part of .this city a completo
plant to be used as a wireless station.
Tha Mccormick company has five
steam vesejs . carrying lumber from Its
large mill here to San Francisco. Kac.h
vessel will be equipped with wireless.
-One, the Klamath, just Out ,wlth her
maiden cargo, Is already equipped. '
His Grace of Connaught Will
Make the British Taxpayer.
Foot the Bills; v
- (United Pru Lad Wire. ;
London, Jan. 21. Believing , that
Theodore Roosevelt vhas not' killed ajl
tha beauts In the East African Jungles
and desiring ' to .head off the former
American . heavyweight champion, Jim
Jeffries, reported ' to be planning an
African trip, J the Duke of Connaught
King Edward's brother, left London to
day, bound for British East Africa.
In the duke's party are the duchess,
their son, Prince Arthur, and their
daughter, Princess Patricia. The party
will sail from Marseilles on the German
mall tea-ii) ship Admiral for Mombasa,
The Admiral bore Roosevelt and his en
tourage to the lair of the lion.
in connection with his trip, the duke
ill make a semi-official tour of' In
spection of the various posts In British
East Africa, but the main object of Ma
trip is to slay;
The party has no notion of roughing
It, but the cost- of the Journey Into
the wilds will be enormous. Roughly
It Is estimated that the expedition Will
cost $60,000, although the party expect
to return to Ehgland early In May
The Duke of Connaugh la not a rich
man, -in spite of .the statement to that
effect made In connection with' rumors
of his contemplated appointment to the
governor generalship of Canada. For a
duke, he la abjectly poor. He can af
ford this trip, however. It was given
semi-official character so that the
British taxpayers might share In meet
ing the bills. '
PORT COLLEGTOR -THREATENS
FINE
Liner Carrying World Tourists
Alleged to fee Violating '
Navigation Laws. "
Ontario Short of Cars.
(Special Dlapatch to The Journal.
Balem, Or., Jan. 20. Complaint was
made to the railroad commission yester
day that the shortage In stock cars at
Ontario Is acute and that measures for
relief have been exhausted without re
sult. Complaint was made by C. R.
Emlson, cashier of the Ontario Nation
al1 bank. It Is also, charged that the
stockyards at Ontario are without wa
tering troughs.
Ablqua Farmer Fined.
(Special PI. patch to Th oaraal.t
Sllverton, Or., Jan. 21. Alfred Mur
ray, a farmer living in the Ablqua basin,
was arrested yesterday for having a deer
In his possession out of season, and
taken to Salem, where he was fined $50.
(Unites Prate Laaad Wlra.) .
San Francisco, Jan. 11. Fred. 8
atratton, collector of the port, Is pre
paring to enforce a fine of $132,000
against the Hamburg-American line be
cause the company's steamship Cleve
land la bringing 1 passengers here
from New York after a tour of she
world. The fine la to be levied and
oollected under the federal law which
says that "no foreign vessel shall
transport passengers between porta in
the United States either directly or by
way of a foreign port, under a penalty
of $200 for each passenger so trans
ported or landed."
The Cleveland Is due to arrive here
January $1. Hhe is scheduled to dis
charge her passengers and take on 700
passengers for a tour of the world with
New York as her destination. Should
the fine be levied and uphold by the
courts it is likely that the Hamburg
line will have to pay a fine of $140,000
for the privilege of entering New York
harbor.
Collector Btretton heretofore has rig
idly enforced this law and there will be
no alternative but to follow precedent
when the Cleveland arrives here.,
- Sea lawyers here are inclined to be
lieve, however, that Frank 8: Clark of
New York, who chartered the vessel
from her German owners, either had as
surances from Washington that the pas
sengers could be landed or has decided
to land them at a British Columbian
port and bring them to this city by
boat. It Is pointed out, however, that
chartering' a steamship does not trans
form a foreign Into an American vessel,
BATTERED MAN IS
-, : ; FOUND AT DALLES
-. r ,. ' 'V .: ' '. '-; , -. ;
(pacta! Placated to Tbe Journal.)
' The Dalles, Or, Jan. 21 A man
whoso head was terribly mangled and
who was unconscious was found lit- a
boxcar in the O. R. & N. yards here last
night. He was taken to The Dallas
hospital. '
Salem Realty Hoard.
(Sptcla) fHapatcb to Xh Journal.)
Balem, , Or., Jan. 20. Preliminary
steps were taken at a meeting of the
real .estate men of Salem last bight
fort the 'permanent, organization ot the
Salem Realty .Board along the same
lines as similar organisations now ex
isting, in, Portland and other large cities.
A committee was 'appointed to draw up
a constitution 'and by-laws and' 'report
at another meeting to be called next
Wednesday evening. The meeting lnt
night was presided over by H. A. John
son, temporary chairman and Fr.-d S.
Bynon, secretary.
GERMANY AND FRANCE
; SUFFER FROM FLOODS
(Caltaa rms Uwl Wlra,)
'. Paris, Jan. Jt.Chaotlo ' condition
prevail throughout eastern and southern
France as the' result of the fllsaatrtnn
floods that , have swept those scti"
for the past thre days. '
While little loss of life has be. n re
ported, , it Is estimated that properi
damage (aggregating many millions if
dollars has 'been done.. Bustneoa I
practically at a standstill in the larger
towns. Farms In the southern distrl H
have been flooded. Despite the- vlm
lance of tbe authorities, much looting I
going on In the' stricken towns, wh. i
the lack of food Is a siyioua niena.
, Dispatches from Berlin state tliut
similar conditions exist in' southern ami
western Germany. Additional daman
has been dona In 8wlterland, ' wher
hundreds of tourists are reported to be
marooned at pleasure resorts, .
Journal want ads bring 'results. '
If You Want the Best
MEAGER SUPPLY OF
FIRST CLASS FORESTERS
(United Pnas Leaaed Wire.)
Sacramento, Cal., Jan. 21. "Picking
a successor to State Forester Lull, re
signed, Is a task of more than ordinary
difficulty and no start has been made
toward the selection, said Governor
Glllett yesterday.- "The peculiar com
bination of 'great technical training and
practical ex-perlence which the office
demands is rarely met It Is possible
that a man may have to be sent from
the forestry service at Washington."
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All the World Loves
a lover and a loyc story too the real old-fashioned
"thrbbby n kind that's in the big Love-Story Number of the Woman's
Home Companion. There's a long one by Juliet Wilbor Tompkins,
a funny one by Anne Warner, an exciting one by Anna Katharine
Green, a Southern one by Fannie Heaslip Lea, an old-fashioned one
by Zona Gale stories for a winter evening and for all the family.
You, who love a love story, ask your newsdealer for the February
Woman's Home Companion and enjoy yourself. There are
Serious, Practical Things as Well
The Entertainment Pages
The Idea Club
Furnishing a Homo
The Doctor's Page
Making Furniture at Homo
Mothers' Daviccs
Mrs. Sangstcrs Page
Sam Lloyd's Puzzle Page
Pin-Money Club
The Head or the Heart
The Campaign of Hope, by Dr. Osier
Through the Customs HoiMe
Snow 'Photography '
The Most American City
China Painting for Beginners
Twenty Good Sandwiches
House Embroideries
The Fashion Department
Four Pages for Children
Valentine's Day Ideas
Two Love Songs, by Carolyn Wells
"All This and Much More in the Big February
woman's 'home
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