The Oregon daily journal., December 31, 1908, Page 29, Image 29

. THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL!, PORTLAND, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 31, 1808.
OREGON INDUSTRIES
WHEAT. FLOUR.
LUMBER. TIMBER..
J MANUFACTURING.
WATER POWER,
ll OfiEGOH INDUSTRIES flfi
machinery:
agriculture,
horticulture,
transportation,
paper making. ;
wood pulr
DAIRYING,
FISHING. LIVESTOCK,
j) MINING. COAU
Mil
9
ress'of "the
OLD TYPE OF CAR USED BY ORGEON WATER POWER Su RAILWAY ;
; . ; COMPANY. V v'
This car has been rebuilt inc,e it was first put into service, "i
therefore the above photo does not show it as it was at that date. ,
71 rit frrp
j ' fr ,
.' - : '.';': : .
1 . , i
Street' ;Railway:Scrvicc; in Portiand
'V Hie last 'Decade
LJuring
NEW TYPE OF CAR USED BY PORTLAND RAILWAY, LIGHT &
POWER COMPANY; ON. THE O. W. P. DIVISION
x. This particular type of car is built in San Francisco. '
The most noticeable change in the above mentioned period is in the
size of the cars., The old type of car seated from 16 to 20 people, while
i some of the new cars will .seat as high as 75 people. Owing to the fact
that the old cars had only one 25 horsepower motor to drive them, they
were incapable of climbing steep hills, and as a consequence streetcar lines
could not be operated on many streets. At present some of the cars in
i. service have as high as four motors, each of which can develop 37 horse
- power, making about 150 horsepower m all for the car. Such cars as these
' can climb very steep hills, and by the use of magnetic brakes can be pper-
ated on such hills with far greater safety than even a cable car could. This
makes it possibte to build lines" into districts that could not be reached by
streetcars in the olden days. The Council Crest line is an example.
The cars are made far more comfortable by tightly fitting doors and
windows cane upholstered seats and electric heaters for use during the
winter months.
Another improvement is the use of double trucks instead of tlg single,
which does' away with the "rocking horse" effect. By the use of air brakes
the heavy cars of the present type may be stopped in a very short distance,
thus increasing the safety "of operation and securing quicker service.
The old cable cars have been replaced with modern electric cars, which
can make" the same runs' in about half the time that it took the cable cars.
The greater amount of power on the present cars makes it ptslble to
use trailers, and the latest cars are equipped with what is known as the
'"multiple unit" system of control, which permits of two or more motor cars
.being run in one train. These improvements make it possible to carry the
crowds during the rush hours with much greater facility than cquld be done
' with single cars. ,
- The-most valuable improvement, however, to the traveling public is tlje
inaugurationof the universal system of transfers, which, enables a person
to travel from any point in the city to any other point for one 5 cent fare.
Ten years ago there were four companies operating rin the city, and. as
"they did "riot issue transfers over other ines.than their own, a passenger
would have to pay as high as 20 cents to get from one point to another.
The old 40 pound rails have been replaced by "heavier rails, some of
which run as high as 90 pounds. In 1898 there were about 100 miles of
streetcar track in Portland, whereas today there are 230 miles.
filtt
(V; . - .. :
t
f at .
OLD TYPE OF CAR USED BY MULTNOMAH STREET RAILWAY
COMPANY. .
The car shown in the above picture, like many others in use at
the same time, was made over from a horse car.
MA
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. . ... - j i . ' .
4. :,.::'' vs;:. r .'
NEW TYPE OF CAR TO BE USED BY PORTLAND RAILWAY, LIGHT &
POWER COMPANY.
The above is what is 'commonly known as the "pay as you!
enter" type, and represents the most modern and approved prac
tice in streetcar construction. ' , ' . : .
The Proe
ressintheE
The improvement made in the electric lighting-wofld is well
represented by the picture to the right. The lamp shown' in the
left side of the picture is one of the' old 16 candle power lamps
in use about 10 years ago, This lamp took 69 watts to operate
it, while the new type of lamp shown in the right side of the
picture takes only 60 watts and gives far more light, as can be
6een from the photograph, the actual candle power of the larnp
being 48, or four times more light for less current.
By the use of the prismatic, glass reflector show, the inten
sity of light BELOW the lamp is increased to about 78 candle
power. Inasmuch as the .light is most always wanted below .the
lamp, it is fair to say that the USEFUL light of the present
lamp and reflector is almost six times that of the Id lamp as,
it was generallyused .without any reflector. The reflector also
serves to protect the eyes from the DIRECT light from the fila
ment of the lamp, which is VERY injurious to the eyes.
Icctric Light
ihg, Power and Heating Field During the Last Decade
Mir , . .
y - 7 I . ! -
PHONES
A 6131
MAIN 6688
i
m
vvniu
GIT
- Aside from the improvement made in the electric lighting
field, the advancement made In other applications of electricity
in the household is well shown by. the two accompanying pictures-of
the old and new t)'pe of kitchen. We are air familiar
with the old wood stove, which always needed attention and
heated the kitchen to an almost unbearable temperature in the
summer, and with the back breaking washtub and the smoking
and ill smelling oil lamp. With, the kitchen equipped with elec-
trie cooking, heating, cooling and power appliances, one room
may be used for both kitchen and dining room', if desired, for
the dirt and heat that was present in the old kitchen is avoided.
The 'electric air heater and the electric fan give the occupant
' almost perfect control over the temperature of the room in all
kinds of weather. The motor driven washtub does away with
the backache, and the motor driven sewing machine makes sew
ing a pleasure. .
The price of electricity has been reduced to about two fifths
of what, it was 10 years ago, which means that the cost per candle
power of useful light is about one tenth of what, it was in those
days. The company is now making free renewals of burned out
or blackened lamps, whereas formerly the customerwas obliged
to. pay for these renewals at a much higher price than is now
charged for the first installation of lamps. Another, valuable im
provement is the increased reliability of service.
Owing to the fact that the company formerly only had one
.source of supply, which was at Ortgon City, it was impossible
to avoid occasional "shut downs," whereas at present, with three'
main sources of supply at 4Oregon City,-Gazadero and North
Portland "shut downs" are almost unknown. ' "
During" that time the distributing lines in all of the districts
have been rebuilt to take care of the increased amount of busi
ness, and better service is being given all over the city and im
provements are being made every day; - .
1 ,
i it
1.
GLNLRAL OrflCLS AND APPLICATION DLPARTMLNT CORNLR, FIRST
SUPPLY DEPARTMENT, 147 SEVENTH STRLtT, BETWEEN MORRISON
piiorjEs
A G131
AND ALDER
ND ALDER
r,