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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (July 2, 1908)
THE OREGON DAILY JOURNALS PORTIA THURSDAY .EVENING. JULY . 1908. IS r SCIENTISTS IN SEARCH OF FOUR-TOED HORSE Three Expeditions Sent Out by American Museum of National History .Animal Existed Two fllillion. Years Ago Hunting: Prehistoric Remains; By '"FREDERIC J. HASKIN. (Copyright. 1908, by FrederioJ. Haskln.) WnBhlmrton. D. C July 2. While the majority of Americans are tak lne vacations at seashore or moun tain, or pretending that they are cool and comfortable In their own darn enod homes, several sturdy wise men are going carefully over the hills and VQ I iDVfl ftf Wvmtilne In QUGSt Of a four-toed horse. They do not travel with lasso and running noose expect ing to bring him la as does the Texas cowboy who ropes a wild mustang. Neither will they crate him or send him home. In a jolting cattle or horse car. Nor will they put blm In a Zoo If he Is found. They hunt for him with pick and shovel In the edges of overhanging cliffs or far below the eurface of t V earth. They wllfl bring. him back In a box that would be much too small for a Merry Widow hat, every part of him care fully fixed in a matrix. He will be put in 1a museum in a glass case and he who runs may read that this is a rare and wonderful thing whOBe nrice is above rubles. For, you 'see, he died something over 2,000000 years, ago, before the dawn of the history of mankind in the world, when this continent was still in the making. This work Is in chareo of one of the three expeditions that the American Museum of Natural History of New York Is eendlnc out for Bummer service In the west. The first of these expe ditions has gone to Nebraska to study the fosnils of the mlocene period, and bring homo the remains of mammals that flourished a million years ago. The party which Is to leave next month will head for Montana and look for fos uls of it period of 4,000.000 years ago, the specified object being the acquisi tion of the complete remains of a homed dinosauer which they hope to in stall in the recently fitted dinosaur room, of the museum There J? yet no v. complete specimen ," - The partv which left recently is the one I ihftt expects to look for the four-toed horse, and also lor its uesuenuuni., n three-toed horse. A few years ago those Wyoming beds yielded to enthusiastic paleontologists tho fossil remains of a tiny animal alout the size of a fox terrier. Its front fo-t showed four distinct toes, Its lmld feet thne. And this proved to be the remote ancestor of the horse of to rtnv. Fragment by fragment, bona by bono, lust by dust, ttw-Sd men of science worKfd out the supposed shape, color and size f this tiny horse, and through the gtinerosltv or I'lerponi niui s". y'T elile to make a little plaster animal that represented the possible appear ance' of the protohippus. . This model si rinds in the museum In the same al cove with a I'ercheron draught horse, nod its entire little body and tiny v ilnted head do not equal In bulk the life', benevolent head of tho Pewteron. Only Twelve Inches Hlg-h. The little hnrse of the Eocene period measured 12 Inches at the shoulders. Later he grew to 14 incnes. incuiuu ii,i, missed and his descendant! f tho 'Miocene period stood 18 inches high and had three toes on each foot. Fnos later he grew taller still, his feet iijirler. and on each were still three toes, but ho measured almost 10 i..ip ., irt n'liiuTo nnd bis head and i... a, ii-ui irronn lone. One branch of his familv at this time, tho hypohlppus ,,,m.i i,:a'i leaked rreatlv like a V lr- flaia deer. Time swung on. Where the four-toed horse had found the foll age of the trees in ensy reach of hH tinv head, and where he had spreading feet to lift him from the soft soil or the tropical forest lied.s, his children of the next two million . vears had to' experl (iue vast Changes in their physical Tii:k'-u: to keen pare with the changes of nature. Ax- by iage the spongy, for f.w.o.t lnwl.inds wUre raised higher and i'u,h..r nlimf the sea level, and with greater altitude, decrease of humidity n.i i. nf coolness, the rank over bading vegetation must needs give i lac u to grast.es. A3 the trees receded and the grass came, thr descendant of the little pro tohiivni:s too. changed. The feet har cened to suit the firmer soil, the legs pfew longer and the heels higher. Jo eiinw him to swing over greater dis tances, and the neck grew longer to al low him to reach the grasses at his feet, while the teeth changed to suit the herbage. A wide feeding range was his before the age of ice. lie has left his trail from Esrholta bay on the north to Tatagonla on the south. From the four-tced little dog-like animal of the Koceno period to the horse, the ass and the zebra of to la v. the only animals that walk on one toe, has been a long, long way. Tribe by Tribe TrTne by' tribe they flourished and t-mw extinct as a class, to leave to their posterity tho task of remodeling themselves to meet the moods or a changing earth. These American horses uro general! yjhjllcved to bo the" original wneestof.s UT S71 the extinct members of the horse family in the world, but the fact cannot be definitely established until the Pliocene deposits of central Asia have, been explored. When the first explorers came to American, shores arid p'enetrated, with the seal of Spanish conquistador or Foanlsh missionary prteet, the wilds or w worm, an irace or me norso phosphate mfnes near Charleston, 8. C. The Texas specimens brought back by the expedition of 1399 are most like the modern horse and show that generation to have been about the size of a draught horse. The American Museum of Natural History had Its beaming oh April 6, 1869 when an act of the New York legislature created it. The corner stone for the present building was laid by President Grant on June 2. 1874. and three years lator It was opened to the public. When all the various. wings of the building are eventually completed It will occupy the whole 18 acres of the tract next Central park. As an edu cative factor it Is one of the leading Institutions of the world, conducting, with the cooperation of the clty'board of education, a series- of free lectures and special courses of study through the winters. Last - year's records show a total of 476,183 admissions, over 100,000, mora . than that of any other big mu seum in this country, the Smithsonian Institution and National museum at Washington coming; next with 860,(47. Study of Mammals. The study 'of mammals naturally be- fan with the Inception of the Institut ion, but it was not until 1881 that the department of vertebrate paleontology was established, and the most Import ant expedition in the interest of fos sils were sent out In the Hall of Fob bII Mammals' the institution makes an effort to make clear- to all the brosd, underlying laws of nature, and demon strates by comparative anatomy the laws of evolution. The exploitation of such a science' requires much actual digging. These wise men have dug in the beds of ancient seas for fossils from the fish age. They have tramped tire lessly through the unattractive Badlands to note with keen eyes any bit of bone projecting from rocky ledge or worn bed of some stream. They have preserved bones of such a chalky nature that the novice stands with mouth agape at such art, such patience. One special bit of work, noteworthy for the time and care bestowed on it was that begun in 1898 and finished in 190S. An expedition went to Wyoming In 1898 and there found the bones of a brontasaurus, petrified in a bed of rock In that region. It took all summer to dig up and pack those bones. It took two years more to remove the bones from the matrices and reinforce the weak and crumbling parts, then more time was spent In assorting the parts, then two years more in articulating them, and finally It was mounted and ready for eghlbltlon in 1906, when the hall of Dinosaurs was opened and the monster skeletons that had been col lected since 1897 were exhibited. This world famous brontasaurus skeleton measures 68 feet inches long and 16 feot 3 inches high. Other Expeditions. In 1908 the department of vertebrate paleontology sent an expedition In JV. ihraa toed horse, when the ... Kn Mn Aimrrv was opened; In 1901 It sent men on this same mis sion to search the beds of Co orado Wvnmln. and Nebraska; In 190J It sent they work ei.r .nitinm for dinosaurs and ere- . , , . I 1 (1,1 1 A to ke v.. uaAianAm where tne nrsi iunii in 1903-4 taceous reptiles', had been found in 1870, nna DrouKin home 200 specimens of various animais, four expeditions went to South Dakota In 1904; In 190.6 .it sent three success ful expeditions, one to Montana for dinosaurs, one to Wyoming for ani mals of the Eocene period, and one to South Dakota for other mammals. But this summer's expeditions promise to hA mnnt imnortant of all. Excavating i. i..u. tvtn hit nr mtsM Derform .n- - V;ier of a century ago, but follows as clearly defined rules as an noni xisnca could demand, and sue energy and enthusiasm as the present expedition carries in its workers must rind substantial reward. If not in a four-toed horse, at least In more specimens suitable for the great educational work of the museum. ' Red Cross shoes at cut rate prices on sale this week. Women's $3.60 and 14 Red Cross Oxfords, tans, blacks and patents, all sizes, now $2.65 pair. GRAND OPENING OF SPLENDI1 MUSICAL EMPORIUM r; 1 lritl1lilillVllfir-i-r-tf---J'A-J" Vi- -' - ii Y )..,.,.,,v,...i.,., , . .....UtS i V. t h. ne imll? had gone and so remote In the rant was Its disappearance men of the val had not even i thst the red the hills and plain Ilevx. a tradition of them, and were seized wiwi terror m me signi vi the queer beasts that the . soldiers be strode Whv the hors and his mates lad dlsnrpeared so completely science has not been slile to answer. The pro longed winter of the Ice Age may hare ewept them out of existence. Hunters In some remote prehistoric time may have stalked them as they did other game, and so have brought ahotit only the nur!vnl of their own cunning. Be tween them on the one band and the newly-come bison and antelope on the other there may have been competition for the feeding grounds of forest an.l plain, snd th horses may have been worsted. Or posslWy prolonged drought or disease t"ok too heavy- toll of their number 10 allow them to' ever- recoup their losses. rvolntlOB of the Horse. . As It Is, o many members of this" world-old family lived and died on this continent, iravlng their twntvs In railey. lake and river bed. that there are vast sections of the west known to paleon tologists as e3Uus beds. Through these. trie pages or an luustrateu scientists nave traced the evolution or the horse, finding 10 different genera. and ft different specie Even hsrk of those they have studied, they some day expect to "find pother ani oiaer memoer or tne rurally. one that will nave nve torm on lt marsh-trekking little foot. This msy some dsy be, discovered ' In the fertl.'e Melds of the west, for that region la especially rich in fossils of alt. the ages of tM very old continent. Th xttln fossil specimens of lbs firehletorle borse family new In the Tnii-eara in New Tors, -ars from Ne- brsska, central 'Vron. central Florida. .(southern Texas, from Kansns. Lnulslans as through book. , American View of main entrance of Graves Music Co showing Sheet Music Department section of Small Goods Department. and musical science can and Probably never In the history of Port land has the opening of a music store attracted so much attention as that of Graves Music Co.. at their new home 111 Fourth St., Just north of Washing ton. Although they moved to their present location about a month ago, it was not tnen nnistiea, ana tney aeemea u ad visable to withhold their grand opening until everything w;is In readiness to welcome their old customers and friends, and make, hosts of new ones, and If the crowds which are thronging their beau tiful salesrooms today ure any cri terion their highest hopes and expecta tions are being realized. Hundreds dur ing the morning. Inspected this artistic palace of muair beyond a doubt tho largest, most beautilul and most con venient In the west and this afternoon has brought out even larger crowds, all of whom without an ejeijeption have de clared It as near perfection as archi tectural It Mr. Fred W. Graves, president and manager of Graves Music Co., and a corps of salesmen and employes have been busily occupied all day showing their enthusiastic friends and visitors over the store, answering questions, ex plaining the different interesting fea tures, one of which is their wonderful sheet music system; describing as they came to them the different display and work rooms, and. as It were, turning ttu store over to the public 'for their criti cal Inspection. Probably the most interesting of the work rooms will be the musical instru ment .repair shop, which Is soon to be fully equipped for repairing every known Instrument- a specially being the repair of talking machines of every description and rare old violins. At present the repair work Is carried on at their wholesale quarters, 67 North Park St.. but will be transferred as soon make las the new repair shop is fitted up com mete. , Several cars of Hallet & Davis and bther high-grade planiie. which were in tended for display at the grand open ing, havje been delayed by the recent washouts in the middle west, but ara expected to arrive soon. When these are received the piano stock of Graves Music Co. will be one of the most com plete In the northwest. Useful and appropriate souvenirs are being given to the ladies and children to commemorate this musical event. Prof. Wllder's orchestra will render some beautiful selections from 2, to 5 this afternoon. The grand opening will be continued on through today and tomorrow to ac commodate the thousands who have not vet visited the store. All Portland should feel proud of this, its first com plete music and musical instrument house, and evervone should personally Insnect It during this opening If pos sible. The Kind Ton, Have Always Bought, and which has been in use for over SO years, has borne the' signature of and has been made under his per sonal supervision since its infancy. Allow no one to deceive you in this. Au Counterfeits, Imitations and Just-as-good" are but Experiments that trifle rith and endanger the health of Infants and Children Experience against Experiment. What is CASTORIA Castoria is a harmless substitute for Castor Oil, Pare goric, Drops and Soothing Syrifps. It is Pleasant. It contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Narcotic substance. Its age is its guarantee. It destroys Worms and allays FeTerishness. It cures Diarrhoea and Wind Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, cares Constipation and Flatulency. It assimilates the Food, regulates the Stomach and Bowels, giving healthy and natural sleep. The Children's Panacea The Mother's Friend. GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS Sears the Signature of OAUTOBITXA HOTSX.S. Fairmont Hotel SAN FRANCISCO An Example of What a Good Hotel Should Be Overlooks the Golden Gate San Francisco hay and the city. Direct streetcar connection from Ferry by Green Sacramento streetcar. Single rooms with bath $1 B0 upward. Beautiful S'ultes Jlo upward. Every room has bath. Management of PALACE HOTEL COMPANY 7 The Kind You Me Always Bought In Use For Over 30 Years. I- Hotel St. Francis SAN FRANCISCO This hostelry possesses all the best features of the world's finest fiaf aravansaries. and has added many toeas o tne sum ox ootei happi ness. It has introduced to Pacific Coast Hoteldom the Electric Grill, Pneumatic Tube Service, MaRTteta Clock System and today represents the farthest adrance of science in hotel service in America. Rates European, from 12 upward Under the management of JAMES WOODS 30 VS Every Day Swells Number of Young People Who Will -r- Compete for S(;hoJarships ALL OVER 10 AND UNDER 30 ARlf ELIGIBLE Journal's Scholarship Contest Begins in Earnest With the Deep Interest Third Day of Contest. All those who intend competing in The Journal's third annual scholar ship contest should not take long :hances on it by allowing too much vim., tn nlncne before entering. While he handicapped contestants in a race lave a chance to win it is not auvis ible to give competitors too much time. Delays are dangerous and ihould be avoided. By putting all your energy into the contest at the start it will give you an impetus that will be difficult to check by your com petitors. Nothing Succeeds Like Success. The contestants who e,nter early md work diligently will be encotr Iged by the support of friends who -have not been asked to pledge their orders to others. The early workers m thus have a decided advantage Dver those whrvare slow in entering. The scholarships arc well worth try ing to win eveif if there was no other prize. But with the cash awards and cash commissions on all new orders for The Journal, this contest affods the best, opportunity ever presented to the youiiW people of the Pacic north west. NtXambitious student should allow this abance to slip away. Call nn the cont-t manager tor any in formation desired, also for blank sub- jcription orders, receipt forms, etc. CASH AWARDS :;- In addition to the scholarship awards The Journal will make the fol lowing cash awards to help defray expenses tof the students who may poll the largest vote: : Cash with first choice of 'scholarship. . 4 ........9150 ' Cash with second choice of scholarship $125 Cash with third choice of scholarship. J $lO0 Cash with fourth choice of scholarship!. -ff7" Cash with fifth choice of scholarship. ........ .$50 Cash with sixth choice of scholarship, .j.... $25 The above sums in cash will be paid contestants Immediately after the close of the contest, in the order of thei r standing. Cash commis sions will be allowed cm all new subscribers, in addition to the cash awards, so that a contestant may earn money every day daring the contest. SCHOLARSHIPS As far as they are at present listed are herewith submitted. M ere schools will be added from day to day during the cikitest as the chcice of new contestants is learned. THE WAY IT IS DONE Each and every subscriber to any Ja mie of The Journal will be entitled to votn for a contestant according to the length of time they uy in advance for their subscription. A schedule of votes allowed on every Issue, for different pe riods, Is published today. Every contestant should coramenc at once to hustle for subscribers to Th Journal, bearing In mind that new subscribers count many more votes than old subscribers, for It Is only through an Increase In circulation that The Journal will receive returns for such a large outlay of cash and scholarships. The public will be kept advised by publication from time to time as to the standing of the different contestants and the votes to their credit. Instruction In canvanslng or conduct ing your campaign for subscribers and votes will be given to any contestant EQTJAX CH15CB rOB AJ.lt. For the purpose of awarding the schol arships and cash prizes, the field of The Journal has been divided into four districts, as follows: Multnomah county. Oregon. Willamette Valley (as far south as Eugene.) Southern Oregon (all south of Eu gene.) Eastern Oregon. A liberal measure of votes Is allowed for subscriptions to the semi-weekly ed ition of The Journal to favor contest ants working In districts where the pop ulation Is scattered. The Voting sched ule is so keyed and the field 1s so di vided, that a contestant' living In the country or on a rural route has an equal advantage with the contestant living tn the city of Portland. The young peo ple living In the country has this ad vantage over their city rivals; they enjoy a larger personal acquaintance. HOW THTET ABU DISTRIBUTED. The candidate who at tha elexo of the contest has the largest number of votes; Irrespective of locality or dis trict, will have first choice of all schoW arsh (ps. The second choice will fall to the contestant of highest vote In the dis trict which does not get th first choice. The third choice will fall to tie con testant of !.!ghct v.-.t" :n a .llstrlct which does not get elt tr the first or second ehr.Ue. The fcirth choice will fall to the contestant of highest vote AX BASTS' ' OOLLSaB, AT.BABT, OS. One yeaWs tuition in any department, except conservatory. Value or scholar ship J60. BAEHB CITY BTJSITTESS OOUIiai, BAKES OITT, OB. One year's tuition In shorthand, type writing, English., bookkeeping and pen manship. Value of scholarship 100. BEHNTCE-WillEE BUSIOTB8S COXr L0, POBTLA5D, OK. -One year's tuition In combined busi ness and shorthand course. Value of scholarship J 100. CAPITAL BUSINESS OOU.E8B, SALEM, OB. Ten months' sultlon In business or shorthand course, Valye- of scholar ship J100. . DALLAS COLLEGE, DALLAS, OB. One year's tuition In any department. Value of scholarship $50. . HILL mXITABT ACADEMY, POBT LAJTD, OB. One year's tuition tn all" branches without board. Value of scholarship $120. HOLMES BTJSCTTESS COLLEOH, . FOBTLAHD, OB. One year's tuition in combined busi ness and shorthand course. Value of scholarship $100. IJTTERJTATTONAL CORBESPOWDEITCE SCBOOLS OT SGBAJTTOJr, PA. Complete course In architecture, chemistry and chemical technology, elec trical, civil engineering, iteam, electric, mechanical engineering and mining en gineering. Value of scholarship $133. B. BZAZ METEB SCHOOL OT AST, PORTLAND, OB. Six months' evening course. Value of scholarship $50. MTSffiJrsrvTXLE colleqb, wiinr. VIXLE, OB. One year's tuition In any department of the college. Value of scholarship $80, OBEOOSC COrrSEBVATOBT OP klCSIO, POBTLAND, OB. One War's course In piano depart ment. Ailue of scholarship $175. OBBGOat EXPEBT OOLLBOB, POBT LAND. OB. Combiijed course in telegniphy and stenography. Value of scholarship $1J6. OBEQC K LAW COLLBOH, PORT' t LAND, OR. One yeavrs tuition. Value of scholar ship $isq. mewBEBO, ob. Vafue of scholar- PACIPIO COLLEGE, One ybir's tuition, ship $sa pacij-io uwivBBsrrr, pobbst OBOVE, OB. i , One y ar" tuition In college depart- ment. value of scholarship $50. PBSTDLBTOB" ACADEMY, PEBDLE- s TON, OB. Two years' Instruction tn classical, scientific or commercial courses. Value of scho'mrshlp $100. POB3LA2TD ACADEMY, POBT LABD, OB. One rvar's tuition In any of the four aeaderoj classes, Value of seholarehltt $120. UBS. BTALTEB Vocal lesson. $100. ' aora REED, POBTLAJSD, OB. Value of scholarship, CITY BUSINESS COLLEGE, PORTLAND, OB, , One sear's tuition In combined bust-" noes an(1 shorthand course. Value of scholarship $100. S'i. MAST'S ACADEMY, TSX DALLES, OB. One year's tuition In music depart ment. Value of scholarship $100. WESTl:BN ACADEMY Or MTSIO AND bl wnrrioN, Portland, ob. Course In elocution, oratory or dra matlo (art. Value of scholarship $180. In the district which does not get the first, second or thlrd choice. The who applies to the contest manager. -ginlng scholarships will be given out to contestants according to their stand ing, alternating between tne aisincia. The cash prises will be given out ciiiariv If a or she. however, win I keep the cash commissions earned dur 1 lng the contest for new subscribers. BATES AND CREDITS. Pronaii mihscrlD tion s. only, count for votes In the Oregon Journal contest. many more points allowed for new sub scriptions than for payments on old sub scriptions. The same numDer or voiee are allowed- whether the paper goes to the subscriber by mall or by carrier. -In order to procure rotes on an old, sub scription, the advance payment shall be made for not less thaij three months. Votes ar allowed on new subscrip tions, for advance payments for one month or more,' an outline of the vot ing values being as follows: DAILY AND BUMDAY ' EDITION. One ironth: Price by mall, 65 cents; price delivered by carrier, at points having carrier service, 85 cents; votes allowed. If new, 65 rotes; If old. none. Two months: Price by mall or deliv ered, $1.$0; votes allowed. If new, 115 rotes; If old. none. Three months: Price by main $1.90; delivered, $1.6: votes allowed, if new, J00; if old. 1.5. Four months: By mall. $J 60; de livered. $2 60; votes allowed. If new, 400; If old. 209. Five months: Price kv mall. 3226: by carrier, $$.25; votes allowed, it new. "i00; if , old. lit. Six 1 old. t. months): By mall, $3.78; by oarrfer, $3r90; snd so on. Twelve months: By mall, $7.50; cr carrier. $7.80; rotes allowed. If new, 2.000; Jf old. 1.00O. . DAILY; EDITION WlTBOtTT SUNDAY, One Inonth: Price by mail, 50 cents; delivered, 46 cents; votes allowed. It new, if; If old, none. Two months; Price ty mail, $1; delivered. $0 -cents; votes aluowed. If new. 100 If old, none.. Three months: By mail. $1.40; deliv ered. 111. SB; votes allowed, tf new, 100; If old. feo. Four months: By mall, $1.75; by carrier, $1.80; votes allowed. If new, 250; If lold, 110. Five months: By mall, $2.80; fsy carrier, $2.25; votes allowed, if new! 800; tf old. 140. -Six, months: By mail, $2.76: by carrier, $2.(0; rotas allowedl If new, 400; If old, ,200; and so on. ' Twelve months: Br mail, $5; by car rier, $J 20; rote allowed, tf new, 1,0vt tf old. 00. 8ETNDAT JOURNAL ONLY. Twelve months: Price by mail or- by carrier. $2.60; votes allowed. If a new subscriber, 400; If an old subscriber, 150. fSlx months: By mall or by car rier, $1.15; rotes allowed, if new, 171 if old, 75. Three months: By mail er by cailrter, 18. ceaU; rote allowed. If new, CI); II old. 86. . - ITO-VSZXXT BDmON. ' Tblsi edition of The Journal Is sent to sulAscrlbera by mall only. Price for 12 mijnths, $1.60; rotes allowed. If new, 600; 'tf old. 269. Big months: Price 75 cents; rotea allowed. If new, 200; If Or Cut This Out and Mail The Journal Portland Oregon At Once NOMINATE A. FAVORITE If you nominate more than one, select your nominee from different localities. 1 f -- - Town vtAiA . sDatt. ............ .V PUBLISHERS OREGON JOURNAL, PORTLAND. OREGON. I nominate the following as suitable to enter your contest for scholarships and cash tun AON ADDRESS 'i ef naoel M ' i , ; : Ll J (Ajiy younjt person between the of 10 and 30 havingjfopd character it t'. g enter this contest.) j .e l f Noraination Made by..... Whose Permanent address is Vbose Telephone (if any) is 1 ( s ajid Alaska, and -ens collection from the V --. v