The morning Astorian., May 15, 1908, Page 6, Image 6

THE MORNING ASTORIAN, ASTORIA, OREGON.
FRIDAY, MAY 15, 1908,
LAND RESOURCES
Second Day's Session of Cov
ers' Conference
PAPERS READ BY EXPERTS
Addresses Made by James J. Hill,
Prof. T. C Chamberlain and ex
Governor Pardee of California, Fol
lowed by General Discussion.
WASHINTON, May 14. -The
second day's conference at the white
louse between President Roosevelt
and the governors of t,he various
states and territories for the conser
vation of natural recources of the
country met this morning at ten
o'clock.
President Roosevelt opened when
le called Governor Johnson to pre
side. Perhaps the most distinguished
speaker was James J. Hill, chairman
o fthe Board of Directors of the Great
Northern railroad on "The Natural
Wealth of the Land and Its Conserva
tion." Then followed addresses by
Prof. T. C. Chamberlain of Chicago,
president of the American Association
for the "Advancement of Science, on
Soil Wastage," and R. A. Long of
Kansas City on "Forest Conserva
tion." A general discussion of the
subjects of addresses was then begun,
in which a number participated.
At the afternoon session, "Land Re
sources" will be the theme of discus
sion. Addresses will be made by
Former Governor of Caliofrnia Geo.
C. Pardee on "Resources Related to
Irrigation," and b ythe president of
the American National Livestock As
sociation. A.' H. Jastro of Bakers
field, Cal., on "Grazing and Stock
raising." The general discussion of
these subjects will be opened by
Former U. S. Senator Joseph M.
Carey of Cheyenne, Wyo. Gifford
Pinchot, chief of the bureau of for
estry, will give a reception tonight
to meet the governors and the mem
bers of the Inland Waterways Com
mission. WASHINGTON, May 14.-Strat-ling
was the warning sounded today at
the conference of the governors of the
danger that the nation confronts in
soil waste and forest depletion. Gov
ernors listened and talked and ap
plauded but took no action. This is
left for tomorrow, the last day of con
ference and the plan is afoot to have
prepared for that day and printed in
the record without reading in order
that time may be wholly devoted to
results. The resolution committee
was in session all day and will report
tomorrow. Committe consisting of
governors of Kentucky, Missouri and
Nebraska was appointed to bring in
suggestion for permanent organiza
tion for permanent organization of
governors independent, perhaps of
any other organization which may de-
lelop as a result of conference. The
president opened both morning and
aftrnoon presided over by Governor
Johnson of Minnesota and Governor
Deenen of Illinois, respectively.
' J. J. Hill, president of the Great
Northern aRilroad who led a long list
of speakers treated the depletion of
nation's resources in very serious and
impressive manner.
The issue was squarely joined as to
the methods pursued by the govern
ment in the region of the forest re
serves by the governors of Wyoming,
Utah, Idaho and Montana. A general
reply to the criticisms made by gover
nors was made by Secretary Garfield.
By Ex-Gov. C. Pardee.
Ex-Gov. Pardee spoke of the states,
rivers and forests.
He said forestry problems of the
Southern part of the state consist of
the planting of new, rather than in the
preservation and conservation of ex
isting forests. Its water problem, de
pendent upon that of re-forestration,
consists in creating new natural forest-litter
reserves for the retention of
the melting snows and rains, which
tinder present conditions, run off the
bare mountains in floods to the ocean.
In Northern California the stream and ceived that the sources of the vital
forest problems consist entirely, or supplies are still adequate and likely
practically so, in protection, preserva- to continue so for years, that the re
tion and conservation. gulative system is still in effective
Upon the solving of these problems,control and that a vast future of habi
he said, depended these important tability may fairly be predicted, sub-
Carta Biliousness, Sick ,
Headache, Sour Stom
ach, Torpid Liver and
c nSSSST Laxative Fruit Syrup
T.F.LAUREN OWL DRUG STORE.
matters for the future of the state:
electric power, irrigation, navigation
of rivers, reclamation of swamp and
overflowed river lands, lumber and
timber.
The streams from which power may
be obtained have been, within the last
few years, filed upon in such numbers,
under the lax laws of California and
the United States that the fear is ex
pressed in many sections that the
power has been already pretty well
taken up. Many of these filings are
for purely speculative purposes; others
are for future development; but com
paratively few of them, not more than
a dozen or IS are actually being used
or in process of preparation of utiliza
tion. The fear is becoming prevalent
that the acquisition of these water
rights by private persons or corpora
tions will lead monopolies and over
capitalizations, and that in this way
these great and most important natur
al resources will not be at the chief
disposal of the people. The action of
the United States Government, how
ever, in regulating the use of the
streams, ought to prevent an absolute
and oppressive monopolization of
them.
A start has been made by the state
toward an efficient forset service. It
is not yet what it should be, but a be
ginning has been made and quite a
number of those who formerly waste
fully destroyed lumber on their lands
and left it bare and fire-baked are be
ginning to appreciate the necessity
and economy of scientific lumbering
and forest protection.
Because the state is now but thinly
populated, having only two million
people on one million acres of terri
tory her natural resources have not
been, as in some other states, nearly,
if not quite annihilated; nevertheless,
her people have made quite extensive
inroads on her forests. Because ofiyiceable to ourselves and our suc
the fact that unforested lands have cessors? Clearly we may use the pro-
been more than sufficient for the sup
port of her population, California has
not been compelled as other states
have been, to sacrifice her forests in
order to gain land for farming pur-
poses. The destruction ot ner lorests
has resulted only from careless and
prodigal commercial operations upon
them together with fires resulting
from these operations or carelessly
set for other purposes. In Oregon,
Washington and California the na
tion's future store of timber is situat
ed. Both in quality and quantity the
Pacific Coast states are possessed of
the most valuable arboreal asset of
the United States. Here, then is of
fered the best field for the interposi
tion, between extermination ana pre
servation, of the benevolence of the
federal government for the future, the
immediate future, beneficial to the
people of the whole United States.
Here also is the government's best
opportunity to set itself between the
rapactity of private monopoly in these
national resources and the people.
As the coal and petroleum produc
tion both decrease, the absolute need
of the preservation, conservation and
protection from monopoly of the wat
er power in the country will become,
and is becoming, more and more ap
parent. Professor Thomas C. Chamberlain,
of the University of Chicago, read a
paper on Soil Wastage. He said in
part:
To give thought to the future ap
peals to me with peculiar force, be
cause recent studies have led me to
the belief that the earth's future habi
tability is vastly greater than we have
been wont to believe. It is a common
conception that the earth sprang from
chaos at the beginning of our era and
is plunging on to catastrophe a final
winter in the near future, but I have
come to believe that the earth arose
from regenerative process and offers
a fair prospect of habitability for tens
of millions of years to come. If this
be true; it is eminently fit that our
race should give thought to the dis
tant results of its action. It is also a
new conception of geology that cli
matic conditions have been much like
the present from early eras, in spite
of some notable variations, and that
this generally uniformity is the result
of a profound regulative system which
has kept the temparatures andt he con
stitution of the earth's atmosphere
within the narrow range congenial to
life for many millions of years. As a
result there has been no complete
break in land life since it came into
being years ago. It is further con-
ject only tci some contigencies of dis
surbing approach or collision with
celestial bodies.
It is familiar geologic doctrine that
for years rains have fallen on the sur
face and soils have been produced by
rock decay, while the surface has been
washed away. Soil-production and
soil removal have run hand in hand,
and yet so controlled by nature's ad
justmeuts that no large part of the
surface ha been swept bare enough
to altogether exclude vegetation
More than this, it appears that the us
ual adjustments of nature make rather
for increased fertility of soil than ile
pletion. It is true that at times tie
formations have intervened, giving
mountainous heights and precipitous
surfaces from which the soil-product
has been washed faster than it could
be produced; and desert conditions
have also intervened locally; but these
diastrophic effects arc perhaps rather
rejuvenations necessary to the pre
servation of the continents than des
tractive episodes, Whenever such
heights and slopes have been raised,
the atmosphere and its waters have at
once began to grade them down, to
cover them with soil and to give them
a new habitability. So in this and
other ways, the gifts of the great past
shape themselves as products of
marvelous system of control that has
checked excesses and forced move
ment toward the golden means m
which have lain productivity and con
geniality to life. Thus has come our
inheritance of a land suitable for
vegetation, of a soil-mantle of great
fertility, of a precipitation conducive
to productiveness; of a system of
streams endowed with great possibi
litics of water-foods, of water power,
and of stream-navigation.
How shall we cooperate with nature
in rendering conditions still more ser-
pcr revenues of our inheritance, but
surely we should not rob our succes
sors of their share in it. To answer
this fundamental problem, let us turn
at once to the basal factors, rainfall,
soil-formation, and soil-wastage. The
rainfall is to be regarded as an inherit
ed asset; the soil is clearly an inher
ited asset; even a littlt soil-removal
may be regarded an advantage, but
reckless oil-wastage is a serious er
ror. Soils are the product of the at
mosphere and its waters modifying the
rock surface. When they have aided
the air in producing soil by rock de
cay, the atmosphcreic waters may
either pass into plants or back to the
surface and out by evaportation, or
they may pass on down to the ground
waters, and thence into the streams,
furnishing there the basis for water
foods, for water-power, and for
stream-navigation. Here is a good
work, soil-production, followed by ad
vantageous courses of the water both
up and down. On the other hand
water may rush away as a foul erosive
flood on the surface, wasting soil and
plant food, gullying the surface, flood
ing the valleys, fiilling the reservoirs,
sweeping out dams, barring the
streams and clogging the deltas. If
it shall be found that nearly all the
rainfall should go into the soil, coming
out thence slowly and steadily into
the streams, clean and pure, these
should present nearly ideal conditions
for water-food, for water-power am
for stream-navigation. The ideaVsohi'
tion of the soil problem may there'
fore solve the greater part of the
whole complex of problems. The
soil-problem may thus prove to be the
key problem
To see this more definitely, we must
turn to details, but with brevity and
omissions. While soils are formed by
the atmosphere and its waters acting
upon the rock, soil surfaces are car
ried away by wind and wash. At any
moment, then the depth of soil meas
ures the lag of production behind re
moval, and it is clear that the best re
suits spring from the proper ratio of
addition at the bottom to wastage at
the surface.
We have no accurate measure of the
rate of soil-production but it is clear
ly very slow. While it varies directly
for different kinds of rock and for
partially reduced rock, the usual es
timate is a foot in 4000 to 6000 years,
which includes channel cutting, etc.
This is doubtless too high for soil
production alone. I should hesitate
to name a rate greater than one foot
in 10,000 years on the basis of observa
tion. If we allow 40,000 years for the
four feet of soil next the rock it is
probably none too conservative. To
maintain a good working depth, sur
face wastage should then not exceed
(Continued on page 7) ,
Cleanses the system
thoroughly and clears
sallow complexions of
pimples and blotches.
It is guaranteed
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS
HELP WANTED
WANTED GIRL FOR GENERAL
housework in small family. Apply
420 Exchange street. S-8-tf.
AGKNTS$!05 PER MONTH IN
troducing our line of embroidered
shirt waists and lace curtains at bar
gain prices; samples free. Thomas
Co., Desk 468, Dayton, O.
WANTED-GIRL FOR HOUSE
work in small family. 491 C or.
Eleventh and Harrison streets 5-3-tf,
WANTED BOY TO LEARN THE
printing trade. Call Astorian office.
LADIES-CLEAR 50c AN HOUR
selling Natural Egg Food; for
particulars address, Z. S. Hemenway,
Cosmopolls, Wash.
MISCELLANEOUS.
WANTED A SMALL " FURNISH
ed house or a small flat for man
and wife by May ISth. "K. 27."
$2.00 STARTS A FINE LOCAL
business, daily profits $5 to $10; par
ticulars free; write today. B. F. Loos
Co., Des Moines, la."
FOR SAUC
FOR SALE OR RENT ONE
story boarding house; 20 rooms; all
occupied; SO boarders; a good loca
tion for a good investment; don't ncg
lect to call at 430 Commercial street
part cash and easy terms. O. F. Morton
S-lS-St
FOR SALE. OR USE-The black
stallion Prime Albert, now quar
tered at the barns of the Sherman
Transfer Co., is for sale, or for use.
Apply to John L. Johnson, owner, at
the barn. 5-6-3w
FOR SALE-REAL ESTATE.
FOR SALE-LOCKSLEY HALL
Hotel, Seaside, Or.; this beautiful
spot under the pines and overlooking
the ocean is for sale; best money
making property in the West; over
100 rooms; modern in every way,
For particulars apply to Mrs. L. A.
Carlisle on premises.
FOR SALE-SMALL ROOMING
house: partly furnished; must be
sold at once, parties leaving tqwn
Enauire 154 9th street. 4-10-tf.
FOR RENT.
FOR RENT- ROOMS SUIT
able for housekeeping for small
family. Apply Van Dusen, 119 11th
street. 5-9-tf.
LAUNCH, 26 FEET, WITH MAN,
for rent; 7 h.-p. Address 480 Bel
rnont street, Portland; 1'honc hast
737. S-15-3t.
FOR RENT A VERY DESIRABLE
3-room upper flat unfurnished
Inquire 102 Bond street. 5-8-6t.
CORNER NINTH AND DUANE.
Board $5.00 and up. 5-9-tf
FOR RENT-FIVE -ROOM COT-
tagc, No. 25 Secona street; electric
ightcd. Apply to Fred Sherman.
5-12-7t
LOST.
LOST BUNCH OF KEYS ON
Sunday last; finder return to this
office and receive reward. 5-15-3t.
LOST LADIES' GOLD WATCH
between Imperial Restaurant and
12th and Bond. Finder return to Im
perial Restaurant. 5-14-tf.
BIDS REQUESTED.
FOR MOVING ALL PIPE, FIT-
tings, etc., from Irving avenue Res
ervoir to the Big Reservoir, and piling
and placing same in orderly and prop
er shape as directed by the Asst.
Supt. of the Commission. City Water
Commission by G. W. Lounsberry,
Clerk.
Do You Wear
Shoes?
We sell the kind that wear longest
and look the best.
The Dr. A Rccd
Cushion Shoe
We handle a special line of
Loggers' Shoes
Give us a trial
S. A.
GOOD SHOES.
HOUSE MOVERS.
FREDRiCKSON BROS.-We make
a specialty of house moving, car
penters, contractors, general jobbing;
prompt attention to alt orders. Cor
ner Tenth and Duane streets.
PROFESSIONAL CARD.
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW
CHARLES H. ABERCROMBIE
Attorney-at-Law
City Attorney Offices: City Hall
JOHN C McCUE
Attcrney-at-Law
Deputy District Attorney.
Page Building Sttlte 4.
HOWARD M. BROWNELL
Attorney-at-Law
Office with Mr. J. A. Eakin, a.
Commercal St., Astoria.
420
MASSAGE.
DOCTORS PRESCRIBING MAS
age, call Olga Landen, Finnish
masseuse, Pythian bldg., Commercial
street
OSTEOPATHS.
DR. RHODA C. HICKS
Osteopath
Office Mancll Bid. Phone Black 2063
573 Commercial St.. Astoria, Ore.
DENTISTS
DR. VAUGHAN
Dentist
Pythian Building. Astoria, Oregon
DR. W. C, LOGAN
Dentist
Commercial St. Shanahan Bldg.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
RESTAURANTS.
TOKIO RESTAURANT.
351 Bond Street
Opposite Ross, Higgins & Co.
Coffee with Pie or Cake 10 Cta.
FIRST-CLASS MEALS
Regular Meals 15 Cta. and Up.
U. 8. RESTAURANT.
434 Bond Street
Coffee with Pie or Cake, 10 Cta.
First-Class Meals, 15 Cta.
WINES AND LIQUORS.
Eagle Concert Hall
(320 Astor Street)
Rooms for rent by the day, week, or
month. Best rates in town.
P. A. PETERSON, Prop.
FISH MARKET.
77 Ninth St., near Bond
'Fresh and Salted Fish.
Game and Poultry.
Groceries, Produce and Fruit
Imported and Domestic
Goods.
P. Bakoiitch & Feo, Proprs.
Phone Red 2181
HOT OR COLD
olden West
Tea
Just Right
CLOSSET & DEVERS,
PORTLAND, ORE.
Seattle
Fish
Haiti!
JUST ARRIVED
Gold Fish
i 25c and 35c Each
Hildebrand & Gor
Old Bee Hive Bldg.
BOAT BUILDER,
T L Driscoli
BOATBUILDING AND REPAIR.
INO A SPECIALTY.
22nd and Exchange Street
UNDERTAKERS.
J. A. UIL11AU011 & CO.,
Undertaken mid Kmttaliiiers.
Experienced Lady AwtUtunt
When Desired.
Call Promptly Attended Day
or Night.
Tottoii Hdtf. 12th and Duane SU
AHTOUIA. OltE.OON
Phone Main Ulll
TRANSPORTATION.
The" K" Line
PASSENGERS FREIGHT
Steamer Lurline
Night Boat for Portland and
Way Landings.
Leaves Astoria daily except Sunday
at 7 p. m.
Leaves Portland Dally except Sunday
at 7 a. m.
Quirk Service Excellent Meals
Good Berths
Landing Astoria Flavel Whart
Landing Portland Foot Taylor It
J. J. DAY. Agent
Phone Main 2761.
MEDICAL.
Unprecedented
SuecetMe ei
DR. C- 6 WO
THE GSIAT
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No poUom or drug used. He gura
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SUCCESSFUL HOME TREATMENT.
If you cannot call write for irmutom
blank and circular, Inclosing 4 eeata la
stamps,
THE C. GEE WO MEDICINE CO.
112 First St., Corner Morrieoo,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Please mention the Astoriaa.
CONTRACTORS.
J, B, Benoit & Son
Contractors and Builders.
Estimates given. Repairs a Specialty.
Phone Red 2413. 893 Commercial St
LAUNDRIES.
Those Pleated Bosom Shirts
The kind known by dressy men in
the summer, are difficult articles to
launder nicely. Unless you know just
how to do it, the front pleats won't
iron down smooth, and the shirt
front will look mussy. Our New
Press Ironer irons them without
rolling or stretching. Try it
TROY LAUNDRY,
Tenth and Duane. Phone Main 1991
PLUMBERS.
J.
PLUMBER
ww tM tftmm-tir
01
Heating Contractor, Tinner
' " -AND- '
Sheet Iron Worker
LL WORK GUARANTEED
425 Bond Street l
543 Bond St., op. Ross, Higgins & Co.