Lincoln County leader., May 01, 1914, Image 2

FARM i ORCHARD
Notes and Instructions from Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations
of Oregon and Washington, Specially Suitable to Pacific Coast Conditions
Keeping Track of Fruit Crop Im
portant Matter.
Oregon Agricultural College, Cor
vallis "One of the weakest spots in
the whole fruit Industry seems to be
the inability of both growers and buy
ers to get reliable information as to
the amount of fruit of a given variety
in sight," says Professor C. I. Lewis,
horticuralist at the Oregon Agricul
tural college. "This amount is very
often over estimated in consequence of
which the buyer ia afraid to take
hold of the market and low prices
result to the grower, when the fruit
would have sold more quickly and at
much better prices If the actual supply
had been known. The grower is not
always competent to estimate the
yield of his own crop. In some eases
it ii'advisable for the growers' associ
ation to aend out a skilled estimator to
Small Packing Table.
act for the association.
"The facts ascerUined by this field
agent could be made available by hav
ing them reported to the association,
each association reporting to a central
bureau of statistics for the Northwest
in turn would report to central bureau
for the United States at Washngton.
Accurate estimates of crops thus se
cured would do away with a large part
of the speculative element In buying,
would place the' whole fruit industry
on a firmer basis and would be of in
calculable benefit to the grower and
the consumer alike.
"Another phase of the market prob
lem which is pressing for immediate
action la effective advertising get
ting the consumer to buy more fruit
To a farmer It is astonishing how Ig
norant his city cousins are regarding
the quality, eating aeaimn, and ways
of preparing fruits. The way to get
the people interested in the goods we
have for sale is to tupply them with
fruit at its proper season of ripeness
and give them diiectlons for prepar
ing it.
"To do this the cooperation of the
wholesaler and retailer must be ob
tained, an1 they must be shown that
they will make more money by selling
a customer fruit at Its best rather
than when It la as hard as a brick.
When people buy what they suppose Is
a good eating apple they are are not
satisfied with one, even though an ex
cellent cooker If It ia not good eaten
fresh.
"A good way to got this Informa
tion to the customer Is for retailers to
push sales by the box or barrel rather
than small quantities and to charge
more moderate prices for what they
sell, securing profits from turning a
Urge quantity of , goods rather than
from making large net returns upon
small quantities. Printed recipes for
using the fruit in various ways may
accompany these packages.
"Since the grower Is the one most
vitally benefitted by this plan he Is
the one who may meet the coat of
advertising, by purchasing stamps at
one cent each and placing one stamp
on each box and two stamps on each
barrel that he ship. Growers who
have tried this plan favor It quite gen
erally. "Closely Interwoven with the sub
ject of advertising and logically de
pendent upon It are the matters of
standardising our output securing
wider distribution, and causing great
er consumption of our fruit The
present orchard output of the North
west Is Increasing rapidly. What la
to be done with the fruit? Sell It In
a few cities as haa been done In times
pastT If that Co urn a Is followed it
will go on the auctioneer's block (exe
cutioner'! block) and must be sold for
what It will bring under local condi
tions. It must be remembered that,
after all. the great body of American
people who will eat this fruit are not
millionaire" but are living on mod eat
Incomes. To put fruit In the luxury
elass by placing such enormously high
prices upon It as most of our fruit has
broogh the past few years will simply
curtail consumption to such an extent
that not a quarter of our crop will be
aten. What then?, i
An Able Rtsolver.
Too many men aeem to make resolu
tions only to break them afterward.
WLm 8mythe eame home very late
on January t, a cigar In bts mouth and
n odor of alcohol about him, his .wife
said, bitterly: "Only yesterday yon
swore Off late boars, whisky and to
bacco, and now look at you I You've
broken all three of your good reso
lutions!" "Wall, dearie, what of It?" said
Em y the In a hurt voice. "I can
make others, e-ean't IT" Philadel
phia Evening Times.
"These facts are illustrated by con
ditions prevailing in the New York
market The quantity of apples con
sumed in that city during the ten
years following 1893-4 was 672,608
barrels. During the next ten years
it was 1,617,882 barrels, an increase
of about 125 per cent. During this
period production in the country de
creased between 30 and 40 per cent.
These facts show that the public will
consume much more fruit than it has
been getting, provided fruit is prop
erly advertised and distributed. Also
that New York City has been getting
more than its share, while other mar
kets in the country have been neglect
ed, an astonishing lack of distribu
tion. During this time there was a
substantial increase in the price of
fruit
"We must be able to do with the
apple and pear, and with our other
fruits that stand long shipments, just
what the United Fruit company haa
done with the banana place it in
every home in the land at a reasonable
price. It la a shame that the banana.
shipped for the most part from foreign
countries, baa come to be known as
the poor man fruit," while the ap
ple, wholesome and delicious in so
many different ways of preparation, is
regarded as a luxury.
"This condition, however, seems to
be changing. Low prices In some ln
stances combined with the cost of ex
pensive selling agencies have made It
evident that something must be done
very soon to acquaint people with the
merits of our fruit to get them to eat
more of It, and to reduce to the mini
'mum the cost of getting this fruit to
the people.
"To do this petty jealousies of rival
districts must be forgotten, standards
of grade and pack must be made as
uniform as possible, the selling prop
aganda must be centralised and sim
plified as far as possible to reduce cost
of marketing, and the retailer must be
shown that it Is to his advantage to
sell more fruit and charge less profit
on his sales. This he will be ready to
do when we can guarantee him fruit
of uniform quality and pack placed at
his door In good condition at the prop
er season for eating."
The foregoing discussion Is from
College Bulletin No. 118 Handling the
Fruit Crop written by C. I. Lewis and
W. S. Brown. This bulletin may be
had by any Oregon grower who will
write for it to R. D. Hetxet,-Exten
sion Director, Corvallls.
Beef Cattle Not Worth Feed On
Small Farm.
Oregon Agricultural College, Cor
vallls That beef cattle on the small
farm will make but a small profit if
any at all, ia the belief of Professor
E. B. Fitts, extension livestock man
at O. A. C. It Is advisable to turn off
the beef early, since beef Is produced
more cheaply during the first two
years of the animal's life than at any
time afterwards.
There is no profit in feeding beef
cattle for the additional flesh that
they put on. The bay that a beef eaU
In day la worth more than the beef
It makes. The only advantage In
feeding Is to give a high finish that
will command top prices.
The beef animal la not so profit
able as the dairy cow or as plga and
sheep. When beef Is produced, the
producers should breed along beef
lines. The Durham and Hereford sen
erally stand at the head of the bee:
breeds, but the Galloway and Angui
are also good beer animals."
He Knew.
A Washingtonlan, who waa touring
the Shenandoah valley, stopped his
motorcar In the road one day and
asked an aged negro who was painful
1y proceeding in the opposite direction
whether he knew where Mr. Simpson
lived.
"Yesnuh," was the reply. He lives
heah In de valley."
"Do you know where his house Is?
The negro chuckled. "Deed I do,
boss," be said, "I only wlsht I had
as many dollahs as I knows where
hat bouse Is." Llppincott's.
Heard In a Dak Shop.
Baker No 6 cent loaves of
pernickel left air; only the
pum
targe
hones.
Customer Very well, give me
loaf of pumperdlme.
v , Art of Collection.
Howard Every book In my library
naa uie author a autograph.
Coward How do you manage It?
Howard I never borrow any other
Bind.
RELATES TALES OF ROYALTY
Interesting Rcmlnisceneea Published
by Caton Woodvllle, Famous Eng
lish War Artist
Random Recollections," by Caton
Woodvllle, the English war artist
contains Borne enjoyable tales about
royalty. '
One of the amusing anecdotes con
cerns Edward VII. Woodvllle painted
equestrian portrait of the king.
who, says the artist was greatly
pleased with It until he examined the
legB.
"Oh, Mr. Woodvllle," he said, "what
pair of magnificent legs you have
given me. They are simply splendid.
But look at my short oneB. You will
have to make these In the portrait
shorter."
"I pointed out" says Woodvllle In
telling the yarn, "that In some of his
photographs his legs appeared to be
quite as long as I had painted them,
but no argument could convince him.
A piece had to come off, and It did."
The old Duke of Cambridge waa no
torious for the facility with which he
could go to sleep at dinners and other
publlo functions. Once when Christo
pher Sykes and. Woodvllle were in the
party the Duke Buccumbed. Awakened
by a loud laugh, he opened his eyes
and demanded, "Christopher, have I
snored?"
I have had the honor to hear your
Royal Highness sleeping well," replied
Sykes.
Woodvllle painted a large equestrian
portrait of the Emperor Frederick of
Germany In the handsome white uni
form of the Imperial guards, with the
magnificent golden helmet crowned by
the silver eagle.
"It was a sad task," says Woodvllle.
1 painted tho portrait shortly after
the Emperor's death, and the Em
press waa very particular about the
color and shape of his eyes. She wore
bracelet with a miniature of one of
his eyes painted on ivory in a medal
lion upon it. She stood beside me for
hours holding the bracelet so that I
could see It In the best light and not
miss any of tho details."
Drowning the Bells.
The strangest thing that the Office
Window man saw during the New
Year festivities was the population of
this great city decreeing that glad
chimes should be rung at Trinity as
the year came in, and then drowning
the sound of the bells, when they were
rung, by the blowing of horns and
the ringing of cowbells, remarks the
New York MalL The visitor from
Mars must have wondered greatly at
this. It waa like asking Melba to
alng for you, and then, when she
opened her lips, raising so great and
wild a shout that not a note of her
song could be heard.
The Trinity bells on New Year eve
If for a moment you could get
away from the din of the horns were
sweet They were well rung, and the
airs were the tender and familiar
aongs that touch the people's hearts-
Nearer, My God. to Thee." "Robin
Adair," "The Old Kentucky Home"
and the like. But as one stood on the
opposite side of Broadway, In front of
he church, absolutely not a murmur
if the church bells could be heard
through the roar of the horns and
other mediums of discordant sound.
The vast crowd plainly came there
to smother the chimes, not to listen
to them.
Meal Time In a 8mall Village.
Zona Gale, writing a piece of fiction
In the March Woman's Home Compan
ion which ahe calls "The Flood: A
8tory of Friendship Village," begins
with the following little picture of
breakfast time in a small town:
'I don't" know how well you know
villages, but I hope you know anyhow
one, because It you don't they's things
to lire that you don't know yet Nice
things.
'I was thinking of that the mornlnr
that Friendship Vlllaxe remembers
still. I was walking down Daphne
street pretty early, seeing everybody's
oreakfaat Ore smoke coming out of
the chimney, and bearing everybody's
boy splitting wood and whistling out
by the chip pile, and smelling every
body's fried mush and warmed up
potatoes and griddle cakes floating
out sort of homely and old fashioned
and comfortable.
"Look at the family,' I says to my
self, 'sitting down to breakfast all up
and down the street'"
Fancies In Weathercocks.
Weathercocks seem to date froa
early times. According to Ducange,
the. cock was originally devised as an
emblem of clerical vigilance. The
large tall of the cock waa adapted
to turn with the wind. Many churches
have for a vane the emblems of the
saints to whom they sre dedicated.
St Peter's, Cornhlll, London, Is sur
mounted with a key, St Peter having
the keys of heaven and hell. St Laur
ence has for a vane a gridiron, and
St Laurence at Norwich has the grid
Iron with the holy martyr extended
upon the bars. A gilt ship In full sail
la the vans upon St Mildred's church.
In the Poultry. St Michael's, Queen
hlthe, has a ship, the bull of which
will hold a bushel of grain, referring
to the former train o in com at the
hlthe. Dally Chronicle.
Her Application.
"My wife has learned something
rrom ner lessons in parliamentary
rules."
"Has ahe?"
"I should say I At a debate the
other day about our buying a new and
handsome dinner centerpiece, she
voted to lay the subject Of the debate
oa the table,"
LAWYER MITCHELL GOT EVEN
Pennsylvania ' Congressman Gives
Neighbor Legal Advice Concerning
Chicken Killed by Former's Dog.
When Congressman A. Mitchell
Palmer of Pennsylvania waa a strug
gling young lawyer In his home town
a neighbor entered his office one day
and asked: "What could I do if an
other man's dog entered by yard and
killed one of my chickens?"
Mr. Palmer replied that the damage
done could be collected from the owner
of the 'dog.
"Well," said the man, "since It was
your dog, you may as well pay me
the worth of the chicken, about a dol
lar, Mr. Palmer."
Mr. Palmer smiled as he banded the
man the amount named, and said:
"Now," as I have paid all that I owe
you, don't you think it only fair you
letUe up that matter of the little bill
you owe me?"
"But," protested the neighbor, "I
don't owe you a penny."
"Ah," smiled Mr. Palmer, "don't you?
Kindly pay me $5 for the legal advice
which I gave you concerning the loss
of your chicken."
Alt a Mistake.
. Conjurer Now, air, you admit that
the card you have juBt taken out of
the handkerchief Ia the queen of clubs,
yet the card you chose and securely
tied there namely, the ace of spades,
now produce from this hat
Timid Volunteer So sorry my mis
take. Punch.
A Great Advantage.
Officer O'Hoggarty Look at the luck
of itulrooney! Bhure, he's been thrana
ferred to th' mounted squad.
Friend Phwat advantage is thot?
Officer O'Hoggarty Advantage, is
ut? Whin there's throuble, see how
much quicker he can git out av th' way
than a poor dlvll on futl Puck,
Jarred the Old Boy.
"Gladys said something to me the
other night that smacked of Innuen
do," remarked Ferdy to Algy. .
'What was it dear boy?"
'Advised me not to stand under the
mistletoe. Said one of the berries
might fall and fracture my skull.
mil that unkind; eh, what?"
Importance of Climate.
"The weather is always a very Im
portant subject of conversation."
"And very properly," replied the
man whose right hand looks ma If It
had been half-soled. "On the weather
depends to a great degree the ques
tion of whether or not you can play
golf."
WHAT BLOND MEN 8UFFER.
Ethel Orace said something very
complimentary about you.
Reggy What was It?
Ethel She said you'd look too sweet
for anything In a blue tea gown and
pink slippers.
Perfect Fit
Mr. Flathunter What did you say
wss the else of the parlor?
Janitor Seven by ten.
Mrs. Flathunter Ob, George! We
must take ttt That's exactly the site
of our grand piano. Judge.
Frozen Out
"Tommy, Where's your toy engine?"
"Papa has it"
"Where's your express car?"
"Uncle has that"
"Ton aeem to be a minority stock
holder In this railroad, son." ,
Joy. '
"It you had to have something wroni
with you, what would yon rather
haver asked Red Nose Mike.
"I'd like to get writer's cramp from
. . . i a ii . i
I inaorang cavcu, rvyuvu r vuuiitw
bis Hungry.
I
LUSCIOUS CRAB APPLE
QUEEN OF ALL THE VARIETIES
OF PRESERVES.
Maine Editor Pays Deserved Tribute
to Fruit Inspired by Boyhood Mem
ories of Its Superlative Tooth
some Qualities.
It demands a hungry boy who has
taken hearty exercise In the open air
to steal native Maine crab apples for
the Bake of eating them, asserts the
Bangor News. Even the red haw
thorne plums after the frosts fall and
sweeten up the lnsldes, are far more
preferable than the wild crabs. Re
peated heavy frosts add sweeting to
those balls of sour fire, which makes
them palatable to wild partridges, red
and gray squirrels, bluejays and rare
and beautiful eroBbeaks. It Is the
housewives of Maine who, most ap
preciate the wild crab apple par
ticularly for the making of tarts and
beautifully pink jellies, which stand
In sunny autumn windows and ripen
for days at a time. The very essence
of the Northern hills is concealed In
those topping tumblers of glass.
No 'Maine housewife thinks of eat
ing a Thanksgiving turkey or a
Christmas goose without crab apple
jelly to go along. Today it is more
highly esteemed than cranberry sauce,
or summer jellies made from rhu
barb, grapes or currants, or the col
ored parings of drying apples. Those
small individual cups of baked dough,
when filled with jelly and rechrlstened
under the family name of tarts, may
serve to whet one's appetite until he
can reach more substantial foods.
What has become of those dear old
glass or stone jars of preserves in
brown sugar or molasses crab ap
ple, which were slammed In delectable
sweetening with their stems intact,
so that boya with uncultivated tastes,
who ate them greedily,- irreverently
called them "preserved mice?"
With unbroken skins and plump
bodies fairly reeking In sweets, they
filled jar after jar along the cellar
shelves, and were taken to school and
eaten with biscuit and butter for
Bchool dinners, and even taken to the
Blck or ailing as appetizers. There is
not a family phyBlclan in Maine who
is not intimately familiar with these
crab apple "preserves." The old boys,
when they were really boys, termed
them "topping," which meant the fa
vorite foods for finishing a meal. As
malted beers and ales have taken the
place of bard and new cider upon the
family table, possibly apples, raisins
and evaporated fruits may have in
some degree crowded out crab apple
preserves.
Though they are going from our
cellar shelves and dining tables, fond
memories of them linger lovingly, nor
can the passing of almanacs and cal
endars totally erase them.
Ups and Downs of Oyster.
The total number of persons en
gaged In the oyster Industry of the en
tire United States Is 67,257, with year
ly wages amounting to $10,875,801, and
the capital invested, excluding the
value ot the private beds, is $16,880,-
032. The yield of oysters for 1912
was 32,988,815 bushels, an average
ot a third of a bushel for every man,
woman and child in the country.
Every restaurant however humble or
wherever situated, as well as every
great hotel, is expected during the
season to have oysters on the bill ot
fare. In olden times the epicures of
Athens and other cities close to the
ocean had an abundance ot shellfish
such as we use, and enjoyed them
very much. But to the Jews this kind
ot food was forbidden by their law,
which, allowing certain kinds ot flsh,
rejected much sea food, including the
oyster, which was probably but little
known to the ancients. "And whatso
ever hath not fins snd scales ye may
not eat; It is unclean unto you."
(Deut 14:10.)
Looking Forward.
Marconi's successful experiment In
the course of which he lighted an In-
Icandescent lamp- six miles distant
from his power plant without the aid
ot wires, is prophetlo ot the wonders
to be wrought in the future. '
Hertxlan wa7es will heat as well as
illuminate the dwellings of our descen
dants, who will preserve in museums
rare specimens of the dirty furnaces
with which their ancestors once
wrestled.
No more ashes!
No more clinkers 1
Our children or our grandchildren
will fly across the Atlantic at pleasure
In aeroplanes unburdened with fuel:
in airships driven by electricity which
has been shot from shore to motors.
Talking around the world then by
means ot radlo-tslephony will be as
easy and cheap as conversation with
Chicago Is now over what we proudly
can the long distance. Boston Globe
Irish Superstition.
The mystery surrounding the And
lng of a human skull In the garden
of a Donegal merchant's residence
has been unraveled by Sergeant Mul-
nenn of the local constabulary. -
A lew years ago, the sergeant
states, a man was gathering bramble-
berries near Maghorabeg, where still
remain the ancient snd crumbling
walla of a religious monastery, when
he came upon the skull, to which were
attached a few teeth.
Hollering in the superstition that
there was a cure for toothache In a
tooth extracted from the skull of a
dead person, he carried It home, where
it remained until his son, through fear
or trots some other cause, burled It
TUNGSTEN LAMP IS IMPROVED
Borne Applications of Light Will Be
for 8treet 8erles Lighting Ideal
for Motion Pictures. 1
(By J. P. RANKIN, Colorado Agricul
tural College.)
After long and laborious research.
mp manufacturers announce that
they will Boon place on the market a
new tungsten lamp, known technically
ib the nitrogen-filled lamp. Nitrogen
prevents evaporation of the tungsten
filament and thus allows the lamp to
be operated at a much higher temper
iture. This means that the efficiency
af the new lamp 1b very much higher,
twice that of the tungsten lamp we
are now using. At present the lamp
will be available only In large sUes,
1,000 c. p. or larger. The filament em
ployed must be short and comparative
ly heavy, so that the lamp must be
operated at low voltage though the
current through the filament is cor
respondingly high.
Soma of the applications ot mis
lamp will be for street series lighting,
where It may soon replace arc lamps
entirely for any large interior where
large mounting heights are avaiiaoie
and for projection lanterns, neaa
lights, etc. It should be an Ideal light
for motion picture work.
The quality of the light produced by
these new lamps Is nearly that of day
light It is possible by use of a special
absorption screen to reproduce day
light conditions with a consumption
of two watts per candle power.
INSULATOR FOR 'PHONE LINE
Invention of Texas Msn Renders Con
struction Comparatively Slmpls,
Clean and Efficient
The Scientific American in describ
ing an insulator. Invented by O. C.
Meusebach of San Antonio, Texas,
says:
The more particular purpose of the
inventor is to provide sn Insulator
suitable for use upon telephone and
Line Insulator.
telegraph lines, as well as upon lines
for general service of various kinds, a
special object being to Improve the
Insulation ot the line and at the same
time' to render the construction com
paratively clean, simple, and In many
ways efficient
Electrlo Driven Ships.
Coal driven and oil driven ships are
to be followed. It seems, by ships op
erated by electlclty. The flreboats of
Chicago are both propelled and steered
through the crowded Chicago river by
electricity; there Is the new electric
driven United States navy collier Jup.
ler, ana tne snip Tynemount recently
completed In England and destined to
ply the waters of the great lakes of
North America, is one ot the largest
vessels of this type. The advantage ot
electric propulsion, the Electric World
says, Is greater flexibility of control
and the possibility of manipulation
from the bridge.
For Electro-Magnets.
The electrolytic Iron Is said to be
magnetised and demagnetised murh
more rapidly than ordinary soft Iron,
which, It Is believed, will give It
wide field of usefulness In th ron.
structlon of electro-magnets.
Nsw Power Unit
A nsw power unit known tt,.
myrlawatt has been favored In place
of the boiler horse power unit by com
mittees of American societies of elec
trical and mechanical engineers.
Big Electrlo Crane.
An electrlo crane eroded In Gen
taany for mounting machinery In
large steamships has a capacity of 250
tons, while the Jib Is 315 feet long and
ttn be raised to a height of 330 feet
Municipal Electricity.
The English city of West Hartle
pool claims to be the first municipality
to produce electricity In Its own plant
by waste beat obtained from a nearbw
Iron works. '
Light for Photographsrs.
Photographers now receive light
ery similar to that through the tra.
dltlonal studio skylight by vapor tubs
eloc rlo lamps filled with carbon dlox
Ide Instead of mercury vapor.
Egyptian Irrigation.
.V? T"P"M Wiauw department
Is planning to use some of the 160 000
5T,P?T mJtabta at A-uan
lam tor the production of atmosphsrlo
lltrogen by electricity.
Eleotrle Hester.
An electrlo beater haa been de
signed especially-to warm food for
horses and eettls la cold weathV
r