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About Lincoln County leader. (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 24, 1909)
Farm Poultry Houae. For a farmer's poultry bouse I know of nothing that will give better sat isfaction than a moveable colony bouse, such as is used at Macdonald College, Que., a photo and plan of FBONT VIEW. which accompanies. This house is 8x 12 feet, floor built on two skids and accommodates 25 hens and 3 males In the winter and half as many more during the summer. A team of horses can draw It to any part of the farm that may be desired. This gives fresh ground to the hens, and feed that might otherwise go to waste, can be made use of. For farm sse the stud ding need not be so high, and he house can be built of available mate rial. A loose board celling over which Is placed straw provides for the ab sorption of rvIsture and even In the " Fbjf) f , IMlliiiiiBiillHl , LM V TV fa A . -- -a- PLAN Of INTEB10B. 3 coldest days, hens are quite comfort able. A farmer can add to his equip ment one house at a time, and gradu ally work up to the desired number. F. C. Elford. Cocklebura. A good many farmers are still strug gling with the cocklebur nuisance. It Is possible to rid the ranch of this pest In one year and realize a profit on the operation. Any time before the weeds have attained much height take a plow and harrow to the Held and before the day Is done sow one and one-half bushels of good kafflr corn to each acre plowed. Harrow well and the next day repeat the oper ation until the cocklebur territory has been thoroughly covered. When the kafflr seed Is In the dough mow or bind with a harvester and you will have one of the very best crops or roughage to be had. Remove this crop from the field as soon as convenient. Two years or so of this kind of tillage will clean out the burs and the opera tion is certainly worth while. Denver Field and Farm. Pump for the Garden, A good pump should be part of the equipment of every garden. For the email garden a good bucket, com pressed air or knapsack pump will be most satisfactory, while for larger gardens a barrel pump, with an at tachment for spraying several rows when occasion demands, or an auto matic pump geared to the wheels of the truck, will be found more economi cal of time and labor. The small compressed air sprayer Is handy, as it leaves both bands free for use, and Is, therefore, useful if it is desired to spray two or three small trees, possi bly with the use of a stepladder to reach their tops. Fertiliser. Fertilizers may be divided into two general classes direct and indirect, or nutritive and stimulant A direct or nutritive fertilizer is one which furnishes nourishment to the growing crop. Nourishment means simply ni trogen, phosphoric acid and potash. These are the three ingredients which must be renewed through the medium of manures and fertilizers. A stimu lant or indirect fertilizer Is one which does not furnish an actual plant food to the soil, but by its stimulating ac tion renders available some plant food wnin previously existed in the setl in an insoluble or unavailable condition. Horaea and Corn 6 row! Bar In growing corn one of the factors that is seldom rated at its true worth is first-class motive power. Anyone who has plowed, harrowed, planted and cultivated with an ill-matched, short-weighted, high-strung team knows how difficult it is to do good work. No farm hand thus handicapped can render a service that is satisfac tory to a good farmer. Farm teams should be evenly matched as to age, size and temperament Weight Is es sential. Teams should be big enough to keep a reserve power constantly on tap; they should draw any imple ment with ease and at a steady, lively pace. If they are of standard draft type and are shifted occasionally from one class of service to another they will go through the season with out breakdowns. This depends, how ever, to a large extent on how they are fed and managed. Much depends also on the ease and comfort which they enjoy In the collar; sore necks and galled shoulders, due to poorly fitted collars, prove serious obstacles to good, continuous work. Corn-belt farms should be equipped with heavy draft teams; the highest type of di versified agriculture In that territory depends on this reliable, efficient mo tive power. Big horses bear a close relationship to a. big corn crop. Chi cago Live Stock World. Testing- Milk. ' In some sections many of the best dairymen are adapting the Holland plan of combining and hiring men to visit each herd one day In the month and test the milk of each cow, thus giving the owners an Idea of which cows are the ones that are paying for ineir Keep. This plan is a very sen sible one and should be encouraced. The cost is comparatively small, ai the tester boards with the family wnne he is doing his work and Is car ried to the next place the dav he has completed his work. This insures reg ularity in the work. In MIchlean this plan has greatly increased the averaee production per cow. Wisconsin, too, nas taken up this matter. It is good business and it may become DODular. but some of our dairymen are hard to turn from the beaten paths of their rathers. Farmers and Drovers' Jour nal. When Orchards Fall. The ashes from apple, pear and peach trees contain about 70 per cent of lime, and the crops of fruit borne every year also contains lime. When orchards fall it is always profitable to apply lime, and it should be done at least once In five years. Wood ashes are preferable to lime for orchards, but the lime is much cheaper. Lime will also prove of benefit to grass that may be growing in an orchard, and it Is destructive to certain grubs and other orchard enemies. It is best ap plied by plowing the orchard land and broadcasting the lime over the bui face. The Real Value of Sheep. The census report cannot give the real value of sheep. Outside of the value of sheep as producers of meat and wool, there is a benefit conferred by them to land. Pastures occupied by sheep become richer every year, and bushes, weeds and briars, which so readily grow where they are not desired, are kept down by sheep and their places occupied by grass. The poorest kind of land, if given up to sheep, even if it Is necessary to allow feed to them, will be made productive In a few years. Why Pity the Farmer? Mr. Mann of Geuda Springs, says a Kansas newspaper, loaded a large, fat hog Into his automobile and took it to market in Arkansas City, where he got a good price for the porker. It took him a mighty short time to get the hog to town and get the cash for It A few minutes' scrubbing fixed the auto so that it did not smell like a barnyard, and the hog probably en joyed the ride. What's the use hold ing meetings trying to Improve con, ditlons of farm life? Feeding; Sheep. There are several points in feeding sheep that must not be overlooked. The feed lot must be dry, with plenty of clean, dry bedding; the animals must have plenty of clem, pure water, and the feed troughs should be kept clean. These should be arranged so that the sheep cannot foul them with their feet Another point Is to keep them from becoming excited or fright ened. . To this end it is better that onf person feed them all the time. The Sorrel Horse. There is no color of horse so insen sible to beat as the sorrel. There is seldom any coat so silky or responds so quickly to good care as the sorrel, and many horsemen claim there is sel dom any horse with such sound feet and limbs or possessing the endurance of the sprrel. Amerlean Wheat. The United States annually exports more wheat flour than all the other countries of the world combined 15.000,000 out ot S6.000.000 barrel. Glandera In a Man. Glanders is a disease of horses, but one from which, unfortunately, human beings are not entirely exempt. For merly cases of human glanders were thought to be exceedingly few and far between, the statistics of the registrar general in England, for example, show ing a mortality of only one or two a year. Latterly, however, with Im proved means of diagnosis at our com mand, lb has been proved that many persona have had glanders and died of it with the real nature of the disease unrecognized. The ulcers have been diagnosed as tuberculosis, as those of typhoid, of smallpox, or of some form of blood poisoning, and they have been treated accordingly, with, of course, fatal re sults; for glanders is a very dreadful disease, the cure of which depends upon prompt and radical measures. To-day there is no excuse for any failure in correct diagnosis, because tho crccisl baHhis iniHni plflnriars called the Bacillus mallei is peculiar to this disease. It is naturally those whose work keeps them in close contact with horses who are most in danger of glanders, and it has also been known to attack several members of a family where the father worked in a stable, and .one case has been reported where a wash erwoman caught it from Infected cloth ing. Glanders may be either acuta or chronic. There may be a slow succes sion of abscesses attacking the mus- cles, or crawling along the lymphatic system for months. Sometimes, after surgical treatment, these abscesses will neai, and there will be no further symptoms; sometimes a slow chronic case will suddenly burst out into violent acute one, and death ensue. Other cases are acute from th tint and may be mistaken for blood-poison ing from some other cause, or for an acute specific fever until the terrible eruption appears, too late for any treat ment to be of avail. As to the treatment, there is little that is cheerful to be said. Thorough cutting out of the local sore is the one and only thing on which to pin any faith. Attempts have been made to get an antitoxic serum, but so far these have not been successful. The best fight against glanders has been In the line of eradication of the disease by means of the mallein test on all suspicious animals. Any horse which reacts to this test is at once killed. In England it Is now the rule that most of the large stables are reg ularly tested with mallein. Stablemen and all people working round horses should bo taught the val ue of cleanliness, and especially the need of great care when troubled with any abrasion of the skin or open wound, however small. PRICE OF AUTOGRAPHS UP. Vae of the Typewriter Makea Writ ten Mannacrlpt More Valuable. The tendency to use the typewriter, according to collectors of rare manu scripts, is to Increase gradually but Burely the value of autographs. It Is becoming difficult to find any but type written letters of eminent men of thfa era, especially those in public office. The raise In price, however, is notice able also in the letters of distinguish ed persons of past generations. The autographs of the eminent men of the revolutionary period, for instance, are each season commanding higher fig ures. The latest sale at Anderson's of autographs furnishes proof of this up ward tendency of prices for important items, the New York Times says. It so happened that some of the inter esting letters had been Bold only a few years ago In New' York, Philadel phia or Boston. Thus a letter of Robert Benson, Sept. 19, 1780, to Col. Richard Varied relating to passes given to tories by Gen. Horatio Gates, and telling of Clinton's confidence in Benedict Ar nold, whose treason was discovered two days later, fetched only $7 at a sale by Stan. V. Henkels in Philadel phia In 1906, but now it realized $41. A letter of James Duane to Oov. George Clinton, Sept. 7, 1780, in re gard to the defeat of Gen. Gates at Camden, brought $12 at Llbble's in Boston on May 15, 1906, and now real ized $15.50. A manuscript of a special message to Congress by U. S. Grant, while president of the United States, writ ten in pencil on eight quarto pages, sold for $24 at Anderson's in 1906, but now was bid up' to $86. A letter of Francis Hopklnson, sign r of the Declaration of Independence, written on May 10, 1780, to Nathaniel Appleton of Boston, which sold for $3.50 at Merwin-Clayton's on Jan. 12, 1906, now fetched $10.50. A letter, signed but not written by Gen. Robert E. Lee and addressed to Gen. U. S. Grant June 6, 1864, with regard to the burying of the dead and the removal of the wounded after the battle of Cold Harbor on Juno 3, brought $13 at Anderson's on May. 9, 1905, and now realized $24.60. A letter of Col. Robert McGraw, July 29, 1776, to Col. James Wilson, describing the condition of Fort Wash ington, Jumped from $12 at Nenkel's sale on April 3, 1906, to $24. The increase in price was not con fined to revolutionary autographs. A letter by Lord George Gordon Byron, June 22, 1821, to Slgnor Albaghetti, brought $25 at Henkel'B, In Philadel phia, in 1906, but now went for $28. A letter signed but not written bx Robert Blake, British admiral during Cromwell's time, sold for $8 at Mer-win-Clayton's, March 23, 1906, but now brought $25. HERO OF ANTARCTIC EXPL0EA HON. An English rural clergyman lives In a mental isolation which is the sub ject of an amusing yet somewhat pain ful story found in Rev. S. Baring Gould's recent book, "Cornish Charac ters and Strange Events." One day known in his time, was traveling on foot for the purpose of examining the rocks, when he learned that his road lay within a couple of miles of his old mathematical friend, D. His time was very short, but for "auld lang syne" he decided to visit his friend, whom he had not met for several years. When he reached the rectory, which was in a very secluded district, Mr. and Mrs. D. were fortuntely at home, and received him with their wonted kindness. The salutations were barely over when Pengelly said: "It is now 6 o'clock. I must reach" Wellington to-night and as it Is said to be fully eight miles off, and I am wholly unacquainted with the road, and with the town when I reach it I cannot remain with you one minute after 8 o'clock." "Oh, very well," said D. "Then we must Improve the shining hour. Jane, my dear, be so good as to order tea." Having said this, he left the room. In a few minutes he returned with a book under his arm and his hands filled with writing materials, which he placed on the table. Opening the book, he said: "This Is Hind's Trigonometry, and here's a lot of examples for practice. Let us see which can do the greatest number of them by 8 o'clock. I did most of them many years ago, but i have not looked at them since. Sup pose we begin at this one" which he pointed out "and take them as they come. We can drink our tea as we work, so as to lose no time." "All right" said Pengelly, although it was certainly not the object for which he had come out of his road. They set to work. No words passed between them; the servant brought 'n the tray, Mrs. D. handed them their tea, which they drank now and then, and the time flew on rapidly. At length, finding it to be a quarter to 8, Pengelly said, "We must stop, for in a quarter of an hour I must be on my road." "Very well. Let us see how our an Bwers agree with those of the author." It proved that D. had correctly solv ed one more than Pengelly had. This point settled, Pengelly said, "Good by." "Good-by. Do come again as soon as you can. The farmers about here know nothing whatever about trigo nometry." They parted at the rectory door and never met again, for D. died a few years later. Self-Evident. One of the dangers of a little knowl edge Is that its possessor rarely esti mates It at its true value. Ignorance, it has been said, bestows her choicest gifts on those who value her least. A conceited undergraduate once said to his teacher that he feared he had rather a contempt for Plato. , "I am afraid, Mr. Johnson," replied the teacher, "that your contempt had not been bred by familiarity." Quite a Scheme. "You send me violets every morn ing," said the beautiful girl. "I do," responded the ardent lover, "no matter what the cost." "Quite bo. Now, why not send up a bunch of asparagus to-morrow in stead? It would be Just as expensive and would make a big hit with pa." Kansas City Journal. Wrona- Way of Patting If. Hostess (to visitor) Do try this chair. It's really quite comfortable for er an antique. The Bystander. What has become of the old-fashioned woman who feared the cat would "take the baby's breath T LIEUT. ERNEST H. BHACKLETON. 1 i PALACE OF EGYPTIAN KING. Home of the Pharaon liuvnra, Cuu temporary of Jeremiah. The great result of the work of this year carried on at Memphis by Prof. Flinders Petrle under the auspices of the British School of Archaeology, has been the discovery of the palace ol King Aprles, the Pharaoh Hophra of the Bible, who was contemporary with Jeremiah, B, C. 629-588, Zion's Herald says. Hitherto no palace has been known In Egypt other than the tower at Me dlnet Habu and some portions of a rather earlier date. The palace was 400 feet long and 200 feet broad, with a middle court 100 feet square. It was adorned with painted columns forty feet high and surrounded with stone lined walls fifteen feet thick. The ap proach to the palace led up through a large mass of buildings to a plat form at a height of about sixty feet above the plain. In the ruins scale armor, hitherto rarely found In Egypt, was discovered. Good bronze figures of the gods were also found. What k-rot. Petrle de scribes as a supreme Dlece was tha fitting of a palanquin of solid silver. a pound in weight, decorated with a bust of Hathor. with a eold face of finest workmanship of the time of Aprles. The great gateway and Immense walls descend deep into the mound, indicating that there lie ruins of suc cessive palaces built one over the other. Prof. Petrle prophesies that la six or eight years excavators mignt dig down to the earliest records of the Egyptian kingdom. Let Him Star a Man. A man soon gets mighty tired of treating his wife like a gpddess. If he cannot be at ease with her, and smoke when he pleases, and take off his coat if he wants to, and throw ashes on the floor and cigar stubs all over the house, he Is going to be mighty un comfortable, and Ions: to bo when hA can. For It is born in a man to like to do these things, Just as it Is born in a girl to like to do her own net things. Moreover, If a girl has once Known a man in a perfectly comfort able chummy way. she will find him worth twice as much as before he dropped his awe of her. Men are pretty nice as they are. but for rnnd. ness' sake, don't try to make a man ladylike. He Isn't and won't be if he is even nair a man. Atchison Globe. Family Floriculture. George Marion, the stage manager- is a lover of nature and a Tin tor nt overcoats and umbrellas. Recently, during a violent rainstorm, he called on his mother, entering her nrenenp wringing wet. "George," said she. flrmlv. "vnn ought not to expose yourself In Runt weather. You will get pneumonia;" "But, mother." explained rro. with a theatrical wave of his hand! wny should I fear the rain? Doe it not nurture the trrass? Is it nnt Ufa to the flowers?" "It is a lonr time." said tho woman, closing a window, "since you were a flower." Success Magazine. t Ducheaa Can Be Shabby. A duchess may be as shabhv An nhn pleases, and, in spite of socialism and a badly hanging skirt, she will remain a power in the land, but the suburban ladv does not care to be seen with hoi. best friend If the latter be wearing an oia-raanioned frock. Black and White. A Caae for Sympathy, The Proud Mother This boy do grow more like 'is father every day. Tne Neighbor- Do'e, poor dear? And 'ave you tried everything? Biietch. You can't do It all, but It's un to Tea to do all you can.