Lincoln County leader., July 30, 1909, Image 2

ifc-i El' i
- , J, J-L.
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Redeeming a Neglected Garden.
Discouraging as a neglected garden
bay appear, It Is not beyond redemp
tion, even so late In the season but
It must be taken hold of at once.
Bturited and falling crops, choked by
weeds, should be pulled out at once,
weeds and all, and bucned, and the
ground plowed or spaded, and replant
ed. How much more - satisfactory and
profitable It might have been to have
planted only half the space, and work
ed It well, than to have scattered the
available labor over the entire ground
and do nothing to perfection.
A garden with rows upon rows of
all the delicious vegetables of mid
summer and not a weed to be found,
Is indeed a pleasant picture. But how
few of that clas3 are found! Instead
of choice vegetables there are rank
weeds, and where order and beauty
should reign, desolation -stares at one
In too many family gardens, caused In
the majority of cases by simply "blt
'ng off more than we can chaw."
Chenn Corn Cultivator.
An excellent home-made device for
Use in cultivating corn and other crops
Where frequent work Is desired to
hold the dust mulch Is shovn In the
cut The side pieces should be at least
A 1IOMK-MAUK CUI.TIVATOB.
6 feet long and made of oak or other
hard wood 3 Inches wide and IVj
Inches thick. The rear pieces can be
made of any width to accommodate
the distance between the rows. The
teeth are made of forty GO-d spikes,
Which are driven in clear up to the
head. An iron ring Is fastened to the
front end, while the handles are taken
from an old plow. Any handy man
ean make a cultivator of this kind
which Is the best I ever used. F. B.
Treadway, In Farm and Home.
Sulphur Fanilicatlon.
It takes some Ingenuity to burn sul
phur in a vessel, as it tends to smoth
er flames. '. If several pounds are to
be burned, a Are of cobs or sticks
oaked with kerosene must be, built
above the sulphur and kept burning
until you see the blue flame of the
sulphur licking up through the wood
blaze.
One way to disinfect the poultry
house with sulphur Is to dissolve one
half pint of turpentine and one-half
pint of tar In one-half gallon of kero
tene. Soak corncobs In this solution,
ind when ready to burn out the poul
try house for lice or germs of disease
have ready a sharp-pointed piece of
Iron to thrust In the ends of the cobs,
net a lighted match to It and while
It burns pass the cob over the roosts.
cracks In the henhouse and every-
where about it. This should be done
every week for a month or more.
Agricultural Epltomlst. '
Svatem of Ventilation.
Details of the -King system of tfen
tilatlon are shown In the diagram.
The outside of board wall is indicated
by A and the opening for admission
"if '
!m 1
vessel filled with milk, and that the
cow releases or withholds It just as
she chooses. But the udder Is
manufactory; it Is filled with blood,
from which the milk is manufactured
while you milk. This process Is con
trolled by the cow's nervous system.
When she Is excited or In any way
disturbed, as by strangers or by tak
ing away her calf or any other cause,
the process is arrested and the milk
will not flow. The nervous energy
goes elsewhere. The whole process is
as Involuntary as is digestion in man
and is disturbed or arrested In about
the, same way.
Middlemen.
Retailers are necessary according to
present methods of doing business and
until farmers organize a selling force
of their own middlemen will continue
to toll the farmers' grist as thorough
ly as the traffic will bear. Peaches
may rot on the ground in Missouri
while selling for 2 cents each in Chi
cago, but tlic farmer in M'.c.iri !
helpless because he has no represen
tative Jn the market center. The time
will come when farmers will have an
agent at each central point to handle
farm products and distribute them
either to the consumer or retail gro
cer. When that time comes farmers
Will come nearer getting what they
work for. It is Just as necessary to
sell right as to farm right. Agricul
tural Epltomlst.
of air is at C. On the right there
is shown a cross section of wall with
outside opening at D and inside open
lug at E. A valve is arranged at
E to regulate the supply of fresh air.
Cow Giving- Down Milk.
John Burrows, the well-known scien
tist. In regard to cows giving down
their milk says: Many persons think
that giving down or holding up the
milk by the cow Is a voluntary act
la fact, they fancy the udder aa
Wnite of Timber,
The prodigal waste of timber durlnB
the last forty years is estimated to
average $50,000,000 annually, or ap
proximately $2,000,000,000 worth of
timber wasted. It is, time there was
a national movement to conserve our
national resources and arrest the pro
digal waste of our forests and the de
pletion of the fertility of the land.
While Uncle Sam Is no longer rich
enough to give everybody a . farm,
there Is plenty of agricultural land to
support a population of 300,000,000 in
the United States, Texas alone being
capable of maintaining 0,000,000 peo
ple if all her arable land were under
cultivation to cereals, fruits and vege
tablesFarmer's and Drover's Jour.
nal.
Panning of Horned' Cattle.
Horned cattle and horned sheep ar
rapidly disappearing. Many of the
cattle bred and fed In the corn belt
are hornless. Breeds of this kind are
growing In popularity. In the moun
tnlnnus country and on the plains
wild catfle needed long horns for the
protection of themselves ,and their
young. Now, however, with the plains
thickly settled and with few wild ani
mals the cattle do not need horns.
Among the hornless breeds are the J
Galloway, Angus, Red Poll and Polled
Shorthorns. Polled Jersey and Polled
Hereford are also coming Into favor.
By the application of caustic potash
the growth of the horns is prevented
in the young calf. Inter Ocean.
WAX FROM A MEX3CAJJ WEED.
The One. Deaplaed Candelllla Now
Worth $2O0 or More aa Acre.
The discovery by .Oscar Pacius of
Monterey of a process for extracting
wax from the candelllla weed is caus
ing the establishment of a new Indus
try In Mexico and Texas. The can
delllla grows abundantly upon many
millions of acres of semi-arid land in
Northern Mexico and parts of Texas,
Arizona and New Mexico. Land owners
who have this formerly despised weed
growing upon their holdings are now
In a fair way to reap a fortune, a Mon
terey (Mexico) correspondent of the
New York Sun says.
When it was discovered a few years
ago that a good grade of crude rub
ber could he manufactured from the
guayule ,shrub experiments began to
be made by Mr. Pacius and others with
various other kinds of wild vegetation
to learn If they possessed commercial
properties. Mr. Pacius found that the
candelllla contained wax to the amount
of 3 to AVi per cent. He gathered
a supply ot the plants and began ex
periments with a view of arriving at
a process of economical extraction of
the wax. He perfected this process a
few months ago and It Is now in prac
tical operation.
The manufacture of this vegetable
wax Is already on a paying commercial
basis. The demand for the product
comes at this time chiefly from Ger
many. The present price of the wax
in Mexico !g 600 so!d a ton. It 1i
said that it takes about thirty tons of
the weed to make one ton of the crude
wax. The cost of producing a ton of
wax is $5 gold.
The land upon which the candelllla
weed grows profusely is producing a
big revenue in the localities where
factories have been established. It is
said that where land Is well set In the
plant it can be made to yield a profit
of $200 to $300 gold an acre a year.
The candelllla wax is said to be
harder than any other wax. This fact
has caused it to be in demand for the
manufacture of phonograph records,
pharmaceutical articles, varnishes,
shoe, leather and wood polishes, insula
tion in electrical wiring, gums, candles
and many other things.
The fact that the guayule shrub and
the candelllla plant are now known to
contain valuable commercial properties
has aroused the interest of the federal
authorities of Mexico and it is said
that a series of chemical experiments
and tests of the various other desert
plants which cover great stretches of
land In Northern Mexico will be made
under the direction of the government,
with a view of discovering any com
mercial properties that they may con
tain. One plant which grows profuse
ly along the Rio Grande is caUed
gubernador and is being used exten
sively for the manufacture of a boiler
compound. There a're also two or three
kinds of shrubs and weeds which pos
sess cleansing 'properties almost iden
tical in effect with washing soap. The
roots of these shrubs are used by the
native Mexicans to the exclusion of
manufactured soap.
ffPHOID
CONQUERING
mm
SOME MARRIED MEDITATIONS.
- By Clarence L. Cullen.
Farm Gleaning.
Provide ample pasture for the calves.
Overcrowding of the chickens Is a
strong bid for trouble.
Fit yourself to the weather. Don't
get all out of kink because the weather
is.
The work of raising chickens has
only begun when you get the downy
things out of the shell.
It is claimed that an orchard in the
State of Delaware has an annual in
come of $10,000 from 200 acres of apple
trees.
Have a driveway right through your
barn. It will prove' valuable In many
ways, especially In the matter of keep
ing It clean.
Nothing better for growing swine
than good pasturage, and there is nol
more economical method ot raising
them, either.
The Connecttcult Experiment Station
recommends that for the best results
In hatching, eggs not over five days
old be used.
Poultry and dairy products have al
most doubled in price in the past ten
years. Eggs and milk are still rising
In average price.
Dip the sheep right after clipping
them and then again about ten days
after to be sure and kill those that
hatch after the first dipping.
To have finely colored fruit it Is nec
essary to have plenty of light. A
dressing of wood ashes, or potash,
around the base ot the tree, will also
help considerably to improve the color.
Oklahoma Is the only state which re
quires the teaching of agriculture In
all country schools. The courses in-
' It doesn't hurt any to express occa
sional surprise over the (maybe) fact
that she still remains as a girl at
heart.- ( s
Don't overlook the fact that the glr
thler and wheezler she gets the more
she likes to have you call her "win
some" once in a while.
Why Is It that the woman whose
ears resemble sun-dried clams la the
one who experiences the keenest han
kering for those big pendant ear
rings? It is difficult for a man to under
stand why he should be required to
wear toeless hose when his wife puts
in about nine hours a day needling
Irish crochet lace. , .
Why Is It that dandrufflness, linty
featheriness and general unkempt
blowslness are the unfailing exterior
characteristics of the woman who walls
about her "shattered ideals?"
The woman whose husband goes out
before breakfast and fetches home an
armful of. lilacs for the breakfast ta
ble doesn't have to worry about his
curves when he's out of her sight,
either.
In the first place, a man couldn't be
induced to eat fudge and pickles in
alternate mouthfuls. But If he could
be, he wouldn't loll around a little
later on, wondering what In the wide
world ailed his stomach.
HI Pate Alreadr Settled.
Hicks Do you think that that flir
tation' between Jack Wilson and Kate
Thornley is serious?
Wicks For Jack, yes. But he
doesn't know It yet. Somerville Journal.
We suppose "Peach" Is the accepted
nickname, for girls these days because
elude agriculture, horticulture, stock their mothers bring them up in fear
raising, fertilizers, dairying, drainage, and trembling that a frost may get
Irrto-atlnn and s-rftclnfl' ' ,1
j mem.
ROB" thin tlm on It ll
Fl merely a question wheth
I er one wishes to he proof
1 1 . . 1. Vn.. tirntinM
fever or not. Certainly
there can be no reason
for contracting the mal
ady unless one chooses. People now
adays do not "catch" smallpox it they
have been properly vaccinated. In
case they neglect that customary pre
caution, it is considered that they have
deliberately exposed themselves to the
risk of contagion. The same proposi
tion will In future apply to typhoid,
inasmuch as means have been found
whereby, through Inoculation with a
suitable "vaccine," anybody may be
rendered permanently Immune that Is
to say, Incapable of acquiring the dis
ease. TjVuoI.1 la cli time v:as i
"putrid fever." It was one of the most
deadly of human maladies, largely be
cause the proper methods to adopt In
dealing with It were not yet known.
But even to-day, when It kills less than
10 per cent of the victims It assails,
It Is exceedingly destructive. It
caused 80 per cent of the total deaths
on the American side during the war
with Spain the disease, which raged
in the military camps, being distrib
uted chiefly by flies. And It was re
cently estimated by Dr. George M. Ko
ber of Washington, D. C. a recognized
authority on the subject that, reck
oning loss of wage-earning capacity,
expense for medical attendance, etc.,
typhoid fever in the United States,
costs annually not less than $350,000,
000. Accepting these figures. It appears
that the disease costs the people of
the United States more than a billion
dollars every three years, writes Rene
Bach In Technical World Magazine.
The Immunizing; Vaccine.
There is just one advantage in hav
ing typhoid. An attack of it renders
one immune to the complaint there
after at all events practically so, in
asmuch as a recurrence of the ntalady
in a person who has once recovered
from it is uncommon. But "it would
surely be very advantageous if such
immunity could be attained without
going through the sickness and suf
fering, with incidental risk of dying.
Fortunately, this very thing has at
last been accomplished. That Is to say,
a means has been discovered whereby
anybody may be rendered Immune to
typhoid the result being obtained by
a simple process of vaccination. The
principle of vaccination for smallpox
is that of utilizing the germ of a nearly-related
disease of the cow, much
milder In character, to produce Im
munity against the more serious mal
ady. This Idea nowadays Is begin
ning to be applied, with much success,
to other maladies, notably rabies by
Pasteur's discovery and cholera and
bubonic plague, the two latter at the
Instance of Haffklne, an Englishman.
Vaccination for typhoid first worked
out by Sir A. E. Wright of London
Is based upon the same theory.
For some time pat the United
States War Department has been busi
ly engaged with the problem of typhoid
vaccination, and at the Army Medical
Museum in Washington large quanti
ties of the immunizing fluid have been
manufactured and put up in sealed
glass tubes, ready for use each tube
containing the few drops requisite for
a dose. For military purposes it is of
utmost importance to find a means
whereby the "putrid fever," which has
always been the most deadly enemy
of troops commonly killing more men
than were slain by the enemy shall
""e robbed of Its power to destroy.
How the Vaccine la Prepared.
There is no reason, indeed, why sol
diers in the field in future wars
should suffer any loss whatever by ty
phoid. It will doubtless be required of
every recruit, as a matter of course,
that before being finally accepted he
shall be immunized against the mala
dy. As for the regular army, several
hundred men, volunteering for the
purpose, have already been inoculated";
and, the investigation having now
! passed beyond the experimental stage,
every officer and enlisted man will bo
subjected to the treatment.
The "vaccine" for typhoid Is pre
pared by an extremely simple process.
A quantity, of beef broth is made, and,
when it has had time to cool, a few
I typhoid bacilli are put Into It. Find
ing it an acceptable food, they multi
ply with great rapidity, until, after a
few hours, the vessel of soup contains
countless billions of them. They are
then killed by putting the broth Into a
Bort of oven and heating it to a point
Id the neighborhood of bolllns
This is the "vaccine" a soup con
taining the dead bodies of billions of
typhoid bacilli. It Is now ready for
use. But first, to make perfectly sure
that all the bacilli are dead, a small
quantity of the soup Is put Into a fresh
batch of broth, previously sterilized
by heat If, on microscopic examina
tion, some hours later, no living bacilli
are found In the new broth, it Is
taken for granted that the stuff Is
all right, and the soup holding the de
funct germs is put up In little glass
tubes. Each tube, after being steril
ized, receives a certain number of
drops of the Immunizing fluid from a
machine made for the purpose, and Is
then hermetically sealed with a glass
blower's blowpipe. It thus becomes
nothing more than an elongated bulb
of glass, with no opening through
which any microbe can gain admit
tance. When a dose Is to be adminis
tered, the physician simply breaks off
one end of the tube, draws its contents
into his hypodermic syringe previous
ly sterilized and thrusts the point of
the Instrument beneath the skin of TTie
person to be inoculated. A brief squirt,
and It is all over. But to make assur
nno doubly dure to make certain,
that Is to say, of "taking" a second
dose is usually administered. The first
one Is of eight drops, representing
about 500,000,000 bacllla; the second Is
fifteen drops, containing 1,000,000,000
bacilli, or thereabouts.
Mow Typhoid Hacllll Operate.
But, as already explained, the bacilli
are all dead. Why. then, should they
possess any usefulness? The answer Is
that, though defunct, they still contain
the peculiar and characteristic poison
belonging to this species of microbes.
They are powerless to engender ty
phoid fever In the human body, but
the poison In question has the effect
of inducing the cells of the body to
manufacture a particular antidote the
antidote to typhoid.
When a person is attacked by ty
phoid fever, the germs, feeding on the
tissues, incidentally set free a consid
erable quantity of their specific poi
son. This poison is Injurious to the
body cells, which absorb more or less
of It. But the cells, to protect them
selves against the enemy, proceed to
manufacture on their own account an
antI-poison-that Is to say, a substance
which In nine cases out of ten if the
patient be properly cared for kills off
the hostile microbes, and eventually
drives them out of the system. This
Is what happens every time when a
sufferer from typhoid recovers.
Unhoused and often
wild animals suffer more than Is gen-
eiany understood. No one can esti
mate the deaths of ft Year f mm oovara
cold, heavy storms, high winds and
noes, in "The Lay of the Land"
Dallas Lore Sham tells of whniA i.
onles of gulls and terns swept away
by a great storm, and describes some
of the fatalities of the llttla
the wood.
We have all held our hronth ot
hazardous traveling of the snnirroi in
the treetops. What other animals take "
sucn risks, leaping at dizzy heights
from bending limbs
of limbs still smaller, saving them
selves again and again by the merest
chance?
But luck sometimes faila u wth.
er, a careful watcher in the woods,
was hunting on one occasion, when he
saw a gray squirrel miss its footing
In a Iree. fall, and break its neck upon
a log beneath.
I- have frequently known them to
fall short distances, and once I saw
a red squirrel come to pHo hi,.
gray squirrel mentioned above. He
was scurrying through the tops of
some lofty pitch nlnen n urn. i
. -.nic nun jeu
and flustered at sight of me, and Hear
ing tne ena of a high branch was In
the act of sprindne. whon th a
tip cracked under him and he came
lumoung neaaiong. .
The height must have been forty
feet, so that before he reached the
ground he 'had righted himself, hi3
tail out and legs spread; but the fall
was too great. He hit the earth heav
lly, and before I could reach him lay
dead upon the pine needles.
Hasty, careless, miscalculated move
ments are not as frequent among the
careful wild flock as among human
beings, perhaps; but there is abundant
evidence of their occasional occurrence
and of their sometimes fatal results.
"She," the Young Things are al
ways saying of some Older Thing
"has the. money to buy good clothei
and doesn't look good in them."
The women always say their hus
bands coax them to go away for th
summer, but no one believes It
i