LINCOLN COUNTY LEADER
' CHAB. F. b ADA E. SOULE, Pnbi.
TOLEDO OREGON
Will tbe pedestrian Anally be eom
elled to equip himself with a gong?
The latest deceased epicure left reci
pes for no less than fifty soups and how
to get Into them.
Ilenceforth the story of the average
Methodist minister's wife will not be
such a moving one.
Two Texas cowboys who fought a
duel with Winchesters escaped arrest,
but the coroner got them both.
Tbe owners of the land in Pennsyl
vania where successful wells have
been driven struck oil practically and
financially.
Two American vaudeville companies
have sailed for Manila with a few kegs
of salted coon songs and pickled jokes
of the 1899 vintage.
As a recognition of the progress of
women's rights the old expression,
Taste this in your hat," has been
changed to "Stick this In your milli
nery." Automobiles and bicycles may come
and go, but they won't starve out the
horse. These shows he's having indi
cate hell never be without a bit In his
mouth.
Love's goddess, all-compelling Venus.
being born of the waves Is not so
much a symbol of the summer girl's
effectiveness, as that sea power must
rale the world.
An Italian scientist announces that
dreams are Inherited. People who have
the nightmare may, therefore, conclude
that away back somewhere their ances
tors were hostlers or Jockeys.
The appellate division of the Supreme
Court of New York has decided that,
despite the decision of a Jury, six cents
Is not to be accepted as the value of a
life or a boy killed by a trolley car.
Dr. Edward Everett Hale, who Is an
alumnus of Harvard College, braved
Boston and all its classical purlieus the
other day by saying In a lecture that
for half a century Harvard College had
a fashion for teaching fads.
Many of the officers now in the Phil
ippines, who were appointed from civil
life because they had a "pull," are now
ready to admit that the fellows who
lacked Influence and had to stay at
borne are the fortunate ones, after all.
Two men emptied their pistols at
each other In Chicago without hitting
any innocent bystanders. Experience
seems to be counting for something
bore, at Inst. In this case the innocent
bystanders ran with all their might as
soon as the shooting began.
Subscriptions are being raised to
provide a home for sick and Indigent
actors and actresses. We suggest that
It be located somewhere near the geo
graphical center of the country, so
that the walking distance to it may be
about the same from all sides.
In view of the amazing delirium of
Great Britain over her victories In
Bsuth Africa, It is to be hoped that we
have heard the last of the sickening
cant about the calniuess of the British
character in adversity and prosperity.
The Briton as he Is painted by British
Journalism is a myth. The reality is
very much as other men. There Is
nothing discreditable In the patriotic
emotions of the classes and tbe masses,
o why should the publicists keep on
prating about a stoicism which is un
known, invisible T
Must the Japanese "go" toot Ten
thousand of them are said to have
landed on our Pacific coast during the
first three weeks of April, and for
everal months they have been arriv
ing at the rate of a hundred thousand
(i year, ten times the normal Immigra
tion. Some are known to be contract
laborers, and will be deported; others,
later on, may wlsb they, too, bad been
sent back. It is suggested that many
of them flee to this country because
they fear war between Japan and Rus
sia; but probably, if they had heard
the story of a certain labor war in
which the Chinese once figured, they
would have preferred to take their
chances at homo.
Those who travel much will be In
terested In some statements of the
I'lnauelul Chronicle regarding the pas
senger cars which railroads now re
gard as most desirable. They will be
glad to learn that "the modern pas
senger car Is being developed Into an
armored car armored not to make It
bullet proof but collision proof. The
damage and risk to life must be min
imized to the most perfect degree pos
sible In case of a collision: and by in
creasing the iCHlstance at the ends this
pan best be acconxoUshed. So great has
been progressive development along
these lines that It is now the passenger ,
car, not the locomotive, which is likely
in the event of a collision to escape with
the least damage. The telescoping of
such cars becomes almost a structural
impossibility." When such cars are in
general use all the traveler will have
to do will be to sit tight and "let 'er
rip," secure In the knowledge that any
bull-headed locomotive that tackles his
train will get the worst of It
If the allegations made by an Indiana
clergyman in the suit he has brought in
court are correct the sympathy of most
people will be with him. He is pastor
of a church, to which he was called in
December, 1898. The trustees agreed to !
pay him $100 a month, which he was
to receive monthly. The pastor has
performed his share of the contract
He has preached regularly twice each
Sunday, has conducted a weekly prayer
meeting as well as other church assem
blies, and he has devoted his time to
consoling his parishioners in seasons of
distress and visiting the sick and af
flicted. But he has received no salary
for more than a year. The officers of
the church contend that they cannot
afford to pay him his stipend, but the
Rev. Mr. Williams has brought suit
against the trustees, claiming that it
Is their business to see tbe funds are
provided from which his salary Is to
be paid. He says that he proposes to
"teach his flock that it Is a part of re
ligion to pay the preacher." The les
son Is one that is needed If the stories
current among miniates have uuy
ground. There are scores of ministers
who fall to receive their salary regular
ly, and in many churches the janitor is
much surer of getting his pay. It re
quires a great deal of moral courage
for a preacher to bring a suit such as
has been brought by the Indiana man,
but there can be no doubt that he
should win If the facts are as stated.
So much has been written and well
written, it may be added on old age
and longevity that it is difficult to say
anything absolutely new upon this al
ways interesting subject. Dr. Cyrus
Edson, in an address on the topic "The
Causes of Natural Death and How to
Attain an Active and Useful Old Age,"
at least succeeded in giving emphasis
to one requirement in regard to lon
gevity. According to the New York
physician rapid thought, other things
being equal, is conducive to longevity.
From this cause men in cities have an
advantage over the farmer, though
the latter from his open-air life often
attains old age. "Not only is a well
balanced mind essential to old age,"
said Dr. Edson, "but a well-balanced,
active mind." The point is one well
worth emphasizing. There are many
things tending to a "green old age," or,
as Adam in "As You Like It," defined
his, "a lusty winter." Some of these,
as Dr. Edson pointed out have refer
ence to the calling or vocatiou, wheth
er merchant, lawyer, farmer, nhvsl-
clan, editor, writer or common laborer,
etc. The business or pursuit, In other
words, may have In its requirements
Influence to lengthen or shorten the
life of the one who follows it. His own
habits of diet, exercise, work, recrea
tion, etc., are also important, but the
one factor running through all these
and making in all circumstances for
longevity Is the "well-balanced, active
mind." Lear was unwise for reasons
Shakspeare so well portrays In endeav
oring "to shake all cares and busluess
from our age." He conld not have been
happy or have lived to a great aire.
however kind his daughters might have
been to him, for he lacked the well-bal
anced mind, and he attempted to re
move all necessity for mental activity.
While age should not be coninelled to
concern itself with the struggles of life
such as are appropriate to youth,. It
should not look forward to calm as the
highest enjoyment in store for It. Cato
learned Greek at 80, but he was prob
ably on earth at that time chiefly be
cause of the well-balanced, alert mind
that accepted no goal as the measure
of its activity and acquirements. As
Longfellow In his "Morlturl Saluta
inus" says:
Ace la onnnrtnnltv no 1mm
Than youth Itself, though in another
dregs.
Father of Korty-ane Children.
In the town of Foster, R. I., resides
lievl Bresson, a well-to-do French
Canadian fnriner, who arose from his
bed on a recetit morning to find that his
forty-first child had been born. Thirty
six of the children are living, and they
are all worthy cltlsens of various parts
of the Union aud Canada. The present
Mrs. Bresson Is Levi's third wife, and
each of the throe has a good family to
her credit. Wife No. 2 gave birth to
three sets of triplets. No. 1 had several
pair of twins, and the present wife
bids fair to keep up with those who
have gone before. Many of the thirty
six living chtldrea have families of
their own. Eight of the grandchildren
of Levi have families also, and none of
those seeu could give any kind, of an
idea how many grandchildren and
great-grandchildren Levi Bresson has.
He owus considerable good farming
property.
Some men are successful because
they have too few friends, and some
because they have too man.
TDK A E7YR "r? A R f RT?
LVCt A Vn Aa 91
,
THE CO OPERATIVE COLONY OF
ROCKWELL, IOWA.
Nearly Six Hundred Farmers Com
bined Twelve Years Ago Plain Busi
ness, with No Philosophy, Creed,
Politics Nor Factions.
Co-operative living without commu
nity life; active practice in buying in
the cheapest market and selling in the
highest; without a common religion,
common politics or daily association
all the elements that control . "tbe new
Idea for farmers," as comprised in a
model co-operative colony at Rockwell,
Iowa. Here 000 farmers combined
twelve years ago, eliminating all mid
dlemen, starting out on the basis of
plain business, with no philosophy,
creed, politics nor factions, and their
scheme Is described as a success.
Rockwell is eleven miles south of
Mason City, on the Iowa Central Rail
road. Twelve years ago the commu
nity now centering there adopted a
basic principle of co-operatlon not fol
lowing "trust" lines. The association
was not conducted for profit, but the
cardinal doctrine of the society was
this: Tbe middleman Is always an In
strument of injustice toward the buyer
and the seller. The character of the
competition of the association with the
private stores in Rockwell has been
such that the population of the town
THK CO-OPE BA.T1V& OFFI08.
baa doubled since 1888, and the busi
ness last year aggregated nearly $400,
000. The association now controls two
grain elevators, a lumber yard and a
supply house of paint oils, salt fish
and other commodities. How all this
prosperity has been brought about is
an Interesting story. A strong senti
ment that has been enunciated by an
active member well covers the theme:
"The only tie that binds us together is
that of financial need. We have nothing
else in common. Aside, from financial
need, each farmer In our association
walks his own way."
Rockwell has a population of 1,000.
A farming community of several thou-
THE ROCKWE
sands surrounds it The village was
ones Lynn Grove. The soli Is fat and
rich; corn is produced In abundance;
also wheat rye, oats and timothy. Hogs
thrive in the region, as do beef cattle,
and many fine horses are bred. The
community Is made up of Germans,
Irish, sonis Americans, some Scotch,
no Scandinavians. There is a school
bouse every two miles in the country,
and weekly and dally newspapers are
liberally taken. Works on communism,
socialism, communtly life or social de
mocracy are not found in the homes or
the store places. . Rockwell is practical,
and common sense has made It so.
Twelve years ago the farmers In and
about Rockwell decided to become mer
chants and grain dealers. At that time
two brothers owned the main store of
the town, charged what prices they
liked, and had a practical monopoly on
trade, such as exists in hundreds of
country towns. The farmers protested
against the rates current but the mer
chants pointed to tbe long railroad
haul, to the capitalist Jobbers of the
big cities. A fight was started to battle
the wrong use of .money and power
with the right use of money and power.
The farmers of Rockwell Incorporated
under the title of the Farmers Incor
porated Co-operative Society. The
limit on the capital stock was not less
than $1,000, and no more than $25,000,
the shares being $10 each. No member
was allowed to own more than ten
shares, and had only one vote in the
conduct of affairs. Only "practical
farmers" were admitted. A business
agent was appointed, and the start
made to put in store such goods as were
wanted. The manufacturing companies
objected to allowing a community to
buy at wholesale and sell at the same
prices. The result was that the asso
ciation turned farther away from home
trade centers until they found concerns
that would sell to them. Each farmer
reports the-amount of - his sales on
honor, and pays a certain percentage
that enables the liquidation of associa
tion expenses. When the company has
a surplus of profits the same runs at a
0 per cent, interest rate. In 1800 the
expenses of the society were $6,007, of
which $2,002 was paid to tbe business
agent and his clerks. In permanent Im
provements $1,236 was Invested. The
same year the liabilities of the society
amounted to $10,677.G5, and the assets
to $22,131, represented by lumber, grain
and seeds, elevator property and cash.
In 1897 the assets exceeded the liabili
ties by $0,459. Nearly half a million
bushels of grain were handled, the vol
ume of business generally reaching up
to nearly $300,000.
To demonstrate how business may be
done, It Is stated that the association
sees to it that the lowest shipping rates
are secured, that grain is sold only
when the highest rate can be obtained,
and that the home elevator charges and
facilities are made so as to favor mem
bers always. In the store a member
buys a sack of flour, for instance. He
gets It for 05 cents, or at a profit to the
society of 2 cents, if a non-society
member buys It, he pays $1.05. Outside
of Rockwell It would cost him $1.25.
The illustration shows the effect 'co
operation has on Rockwell prices. If
the society price of corn is 31 cents, and
track agents offer S3 cents, the member
selling at the latter figure turns in one
quarter of a cent to tbe association for
every bushel sold.
LL ELEVATOR.
According to recent reports, Rockwell
Is handling more grain than any In
terior point in Iowa. The people are
prosperous, the motto of the society is
"Honesty auioug ourselves, small prof
Its aud large sales." Nothing can de
stroy the society but Individual dis
honesty. As to expansion of their trade,
members do not believe in It. They
have an elevator capacity amounting to
05,000 bushels, a lumber yard, a line
office and good storage sheds. Their
advice to communities Is to Imitate?
not join the original body.
Thomas Chappell and R. n. Dickson,
were among the original Incorporators
of the association. J. H. Brown is its
present President, and Frank Campbell
the business agent. No saloon exists
in the town, churches are plentiful, law
and order Is visible everywhere. There
is no philosophizing, no theories It Is
all cold-blooded, practical business
The main officers and directors receive
no salary, and the dividends paid are
given out in stock. A clean-posted
ledger shows what a few hard-headed
farmers can do in the matter of selling
their products for an honest price, and
buying their supplies at the lowest fig
ure. Rockwell Is an Interest point" for
any practical co-operator to visit and
study. Twelve years of success, with
out extermination of competition, mark
the history of the little village a place
of peace and real, not political nor leg
islative, prosperity.
HAIR TELLS OF NATIVITY.
Results of Observation by Hotel Clerks
and Commercial Travelers.
Commercial travelers, and no men It
Is said are better Judges of character,
claim that they can always tell to what
part of the country a man belongs,
and this by looking only at his hair.
They say that In Kentucky the hair
Is worn long behind, so long that It Is
caught over the ears, permitting the
oft-repeated gesture of smoothing it
with the fingers as the wearer talks to
ycu. The euda are cut - buuiv, - aud
the fashion requires a certain amount
of pomade to keep it in place. Thla
gloss is imperative. In Indiana, they
claim, It Is worn equally as long, but
with the ends curled In about the neck
almost touching the collar. Further
West, across the Rockies, and In the
southwest, especially in Texas where
barbers are scarce, or were scarce when,
the fashion was set the hair is worn
cowboy fashion, loose over the shoul
ders, the untrlmmed ends flying in the
winds. In the Eastern States, however,
aud along the whole Eastern border of
the country, except in North Carolina
where among the corncrackers it grows
wild, the hair Is cropped short, espe
cially behind, where it is shingled even
ly from the top of the head to tbe neck.
Hotel clerks add to this knowledge of
the hair one of the wearer's shoes. It
makes all the difference In the world
whether they are square, pointed or
round. Each fashion proclaims a dis
trict of its own.. . Patent, leather shoe
with extremely pointed toes belong tot
the South; while people from the North l
and AVest wear square toes and heavy
shoes. These fashions, however, are
due more to climatic conditions than to
local tastes. Harper's Bazar.
Japanese Imitation.
The Japanese are almost universally
condemned by writers for the imitation
practiced by them of late years of
Western literature, art science and in
vention. And yet this imitation seems,
natural and right. Imagine, if possible,
the nation of Japan leaping across the
civilization of hundreds of years in half
a century. Think of her emerging from
the darkness of the middle ages and
standing suddenly forth In the light of
the nineteenth century. Would It not
have been worse than madness for her
to have said, "This new civilization U
better than ours, yet we will not Imi
tate it. We will retain our originality,
and perhaps in ages to come we shall
reach the enlightened state now enjoy
ed by the rest of the world."
But fortunately the Japanese did not
say this, but gave themselves up to the
acquisition of the -wonderful stores of
knowledge opened to them. Llppin
cott's. A Dry Niagara.
A few miles southeast of Syracuse,
N. Y., In a cavity whose bottom Is 220
feet below the surface of the adjacent
upland, lies Jamesvllle lake, a body of
water COO feet in diameter and sixty
feet In depth. Eastward from the lake
extends a gorge through which flows
Butternut creek. Professor Querentr
of Syracuse says thnt In former times a
river flowed here and that Jamesvllle
lake is the pool that was formed under
a great waterfall. Steep cliffs rise
around it on three sides, and "nil the
features of a dry Niagara are here dis
closed In great detail."
Damsscos Sword.
It is but seldom that a real good speci
men of the Damascus sword can be ob
tained, for the art of working and en
graving this kind of steel Is dead.
These swords are made of alternate lay
ers of iron and steel, so finely tempered
that the blade would bend to the hilt
without breaking. The weapons had
edges so keen that no coat of mall could
resist them, and surfaces so highly pol
ished that when a Moslem wished to re
arrange his turban he used his cword
for a looking-glass.
Harmonious Bicycle.
Tbe latest thing "made In Germany"
is a "harmonious bicycle." This terri
ble Invention is constructed to grind out
500 tunes, and has been given the name
of "II Trovatore." The contrivance is
fixed to the handle bar, is worked by
the front wheel, and will play for an"'
hour while the cyclist Is pedaling at a
speed of ten miles.
r