LINCOLN COUNTY LEADER ' CHAB. F. b ADA E. SOULE, Pnbi. TOLEDO OREGON Will tbe pedestrian Anally be eom elled to equip himself with a gong? The latest deceased epicure left reci pes for no less than fifty soups and how to get Into them. Ilenceforth the story of the average Methodist minister's wife will not be such a moving one. Two Texas cowboys who fought a duel with Winchesters escaped arrest, but the coroner got them both. Tbe owners of the land in Pennsyl vania where successful wells have been driven struck oil practically and financially. Two American vaudeville companies have sailed for Manila with a few kegs of salted coon songs and pickled jokes of the 1899 vintage. As a recognition of the progress of women's rights the old expression, Taste this in your hat," has been changed to "Stick this In your milli nery." Automobiles and bicycles may come and go, but they won't starve out the horse. These shows he's having indi cate hell never be without a bit In his mouth. Love's goddess, all-compelling Venus. being born of the waves Is not so much a symbol of the summer girl's effectiveness, as that sea power must rale the world. An Italian scientist announces that dreams are Inherited. People who have the nightmare may, therefore, conclude that away back somewhere their ances tors were hostlers or Jockeys. The appellate division of the Supreme Court of New York has decided that, despite the decision of a Jury, six cents Is not to be accepted as the value of a life or a boy killed by a trolley car. Dr. Edward Everett Hale, who Is an alumnus of Harvard College, braved Boston and all its classical purlieus the other day by saying In a lecture that for half a century Harvard College had a fashion for teaching fads. Many of the officers now in the Phil ippines, who were appointed from civil life because they had a "pull," are now ready to admit that the fellows who lacked Influence and had to stay at borne are the fortunate ones, after all. Two men emptied their pistols at each other In Chicago without hitting any innocent bystanders. Experience seems to be counting for something bore, at Inst. In this case the innocent bystanders ran with all their might as soon as the shooting began. Subscriptions are being raised to provide a home for sick and Indigent actors and actresses. We suggest that It be located somewhere near the geo graphical center of the country, so that the walking distance to it may be about the same from all sides. In view of the amazing delirium of Great Britain over her victories In Bsuth Africa, It is to be hoped that we have heard the last of the sickening cant about the calniuess of the British character in adversity and prosperity. The Briton as he Is painted by British Journalism is a myth. The reality is very much as other men. There Is nothing discreditable In the patriotic emotions of the classes and tbe masses, o why should the publicists keep on prating about a stoicism which is un known, invisible T Must the Japanese "go" toot Ten thousand of them are said to have landed on our Pacific coast during the first three weeks of April, and for everal months they have been arriv ing at the rate of a hundred thousand (i year, ten times the normal Immigra tion. Some are known to be contract laborers, and will be deported; others, later on, may wlsb they, too, bad been sent back. It is suggested that many of them flee to this country because they fear war between Japan and Rus sia; but probably, if they had heard the story of a certain labor war in which the Chinese once figured, they would have preferred to take their chances at homo. Those who travel much will be In terested In some statements of the I'lnauelul Chronicle regarding the pas senger cars which railroads now re gard as most desirable. They will be glad to learn that "the modern pas senger car Is being developed Into an armored car armored not to make It bullet proof but collision proof. The damage and risk to life must be min imized to the most perfect degree pos sible In case of a collision: and by in creasing the iCHlstance at the ends this pan best be acconxoUshed. So great has been progressive development along these lines that It is now the passenger , car, not the locomotive, which is likely in the event of a collision to escape with the least damage. The telescoping of such cars becomes almost a structural impossibility." When such cars are in general use all the traveler will have to do will be to sit tight and "let 'er rip," secure In the knowledge that any bull-headed locomotive that tackles his train will get the worst of It If the allegations made by an Indiana clergyman in the suit he has brought in court are correct the sympathy of most people will be with him. He is pastor of a church, to which he was called in December, 1898. The trustees agreed to ! pay him $100 a month, which he was to receive monthly. The pastor has performed his share of the contract He has preached regularly twice each Sunday, has conducted a weekly prayer meeting as well as other church assem blies, and he has devoted his time to consoling his parishioners in seasons of distress and visiting the sick and af flicted. But he has received no salary for more than a year. The officers of the church contend that they cannot afford to pay him his stipend, but the Rev. Mr. Williams has brought suit against the trustees, claiming that it Is their business to see tbe funds are provided from which his salary Is to be paid. He says that he proposes to "teach his flock that it Is a part of re ligion to pay the preacher." The les son Is one that is needed If the stories current among miniates have uuy ground. There are scores of ministers who fall to receive their salary regular ly, and in many churches the janitor is much surer of getting his pay. It re quires a great deal of moral courage for a preacher to bring a suit such as has been brought by the Indiana man, but there can be no doubt that he should win If the facts are as stated. So much has been written and well written, it may be added on old age and longevity that it is difficult to say anything absolutely new upon this al ways interesting subject. Dr. Cyrus Edson, in an address on the topic "The Causes of Natural Death and How to Attain an Active and Useful Old Age," at least succeeded in giving emphasis to one requirement in regard to lon gevity. According to the New York physician rapid thought, other things being equal, is conducive to longevity. From this cause men in cities have an advantage over the farmer, though the latter from his open-air life often attains old age. "Not only is a well balanced mind essential to old age," said Dr. Edson, "but a well-balanced, active mind." The point is one well worth emphasizing. There are many things tending to a "green old age," or, as Adam in "As You Like It," defined his, "a lusty winter." Some of these, as Dr. Edson pointed out have refer ence to the calling or vocatiou, wheth er merchant, lawyer, farmer, nhvsl- clan, editor, writer or common laborer, etc. The business or pursuit, In other words, may have In its requirements Influence to lengthen or shorten the life of the one who follows it. His own habits of diet, exercise, work, recrea tion, etc., are also important, but the one factor running through all these and making in all circumstances for longevity Is the "well-balanced, active mind." Lear was unwise for reasons Shakspeare so well portrays In endeav oring "to shake all cares and busluess from our age." He conld not have been happy or have lived to a great aire. however kind his daughters might have been to him, for he lacked the well-bal anced mind, and he attempted to re move all necessity for mental activity. While age should not be coninelled to concern itself with the struggles of life such as are appropriate to youth,. It should not look forward to calm as the highest enjoyment in store for It. Cato learned Greek at 80, but he was prob ably on earth at that time chiefly be cause of the well-balanced, alert mind that accepted no goal as the measure of its activity and acquirements. As Longfellow In his "Morlturl Saluta inus" says: Ace la onnnrtnnltv no 1mm Than youth Itself, though in another dregs. Father of Korty-ane Children. In the town of Foster, R. I., resides lievl Bresson, a well-to-do French Canadian fnriner, who arose from his bed on a recetit morning to find that his forty-first child had been born. Thirty six of the children are living, and they are all worthy cltlsens of various parts of the Union aud Canada. The present Mrs. Bresson Is Levi's third wife, and each of the throe has a good family to her credit. Wife No. 2 gave birth to three sets of triplets. No. 1 had several pair of twins, and the present wife bids fair to keep up with those who have gone before. Many of the thirty six living chtldrea have families of their own. Eight of the grandchildren of Levi have families also, and none of those seeu could give any kind, of an idea how many grandchildren and great-grandchildren Levi Bresson has. He owus considerable good farming property. Some men are successful because they have too few friends, and some because they have too man. TDK A E7YR "r? A R f RT? LVCt A Vn Aa 91 , THE CO OPERATIVE COLONY OF ROCKWELL, IOWA. Nearly Six Hundred Farmers Com bined Twelve Years Ago Plain Busi ness, with No Philosophy, Creed, Politics Nor Factions. Co-operative living without commu nity life; active practice in buying in the cheapest market and selling in the highest; without a common religion, common politics or daily association all the elements that control . "tbe new Idea for farmers," as comprised in a model co-operative colony at Rockwell, Iowa. Here 000 farmers combined twelve years ago, eliminating all mid dlemen, starting out on the basis of plain business, with no philosophy, creed, politics nor factions, and their scheme Is described as a success. Rockwell is eleven miles south of Mason City, on the Iowa Central Rail road. Twelve years ago the commu nity now centering there adopted a basic principle of co-operatlon not fol lowing "trust" lines. The association was not conducted for profit, but the cardinal doctrine of the society was this: Tbe middleman Is always an In strument of injustice toward the buyer and the seller. The character of the competition of the association with the private stores in Rockwell has been such that the population of the town THK CO-OPE BA.T1V& OFFI08. baa doubled since 1888, and the busi ness last year aggregated nearly $400, 000. The association now controls two grain elevators, a lumber yard and a supply house of paint oils, salt fish and other commodities. How all this prosperity has been brought about is an Interesting story. A strong senti ment that has been enunciated by an active member well covers the theme: "The only tie that binds us together is that of financial need. We have nothing else in common. Aside, from financial need, each farmer In our association walks his own way." Rockwell has a population of 1,000. A farming community of several thou- THE ROCKWE sands surrounds it The village was ones Lynn Grove. The soli Is fat and rich; corn is produced In abundance; also wheat rye, oats and timothy. Hogs thrive in the region, as do beef cattle, and many fine horses are bred. The community Is made up of Germans, Irish, sonis Americans, some Scotch, no Scandinavians. There is a school bouse every two miles in the country, and weekly and dally newspapers are liberally taken. Works on communism, socialism, communtly life or social de mocracy are not found in the homes or the store places. . Rockwell is practical, and common sense has made It so. Twelve years ago the farmers In and about Rockwell decided to become mer chants and grain dealers. At that time two brothers owned the main store of the town, charged what prices they liked, and had a practical monopoly on trade, such as exists in hundreds of country towns. The farmers protested against the rates current but the mer chants pointed to tbe long railroad haul, to the capitalist Jobbers of the big cities. A fight was started to battle the wrong use of .money and power with the right use of money and power. The farmers of Rockwell Incorporated under the title of the Farmers Incor porated Co-operative Society. The limit on the capital stock was not less than $1,000, and no more than $25,000, the shares being $10 each. No member was allowed to own more than ten shares, and had only one vote in the conduct of affairs. Only "practical farmers" were admitted. A business agent was appointed, and the start made to put in store such goods as were wanted. The manufacturing companies objected to allowing a community to buy at wholesale and sell at the same prices. The result was that the asso ciation turned farther away from home trade centers until they found concerns that would sell to them. Each farmer reports the-amount of - his sales on honor, and pays a certain percentage that enables the liquidation of associa tion expenses. When the company has a surplus of profits the same runs at a 0 per cent, interest rate. In 1800 the expenses of the society were $6,007, of which $2,002 was paid to tbe business agent and his clerks. In permanent Im provements $1,236 was Invested. The same year the liabilities of the society amounted to $10,677.G5, and the assets to $22,131, represented by lumber, grain and seeds, elevator property and cash. In 1897 the assets exceeded the liabili ties by $0,459. Nearly half a million bushels of grain were handled, the vol ume of business generally reaching up to nearly $300,000. To demonstrate how business may be done, It Is stated that the association sees to it that the lowest shipping rates are secured, that grain is sold only when the highest rate can be obtained, and that the home elevator charges and facilities are made so as to favor mem bers always. In the store a member buys a sack of flour, for instance. He gets It for 05 cents, or at a profit to the society of 2 cents, if a non-society member buys It, he pays $1.05. Outside of Rockwell It would cost him $1.25. The illustration shows the effect 'co operation has on Rockwell prices. If the society price of corn is 31 cents, and track agents offer S3 cents, the member selling at the latter figure turns in one quarter of a cent to tbe association for every bushel sold. LL ELEVATOR. According to recent reports, Rockwell Is handling more grain than any In terior point in Iowa. The people are prosperous, the motto of the society is "Honesty auioug ourselves, small prof Its aud large sales." Nothing can de stroy the society but Individual dis honesty. As to expansion of their trade, members do not believe in It. They have an elevator capacity amounting to 05,000 bushels, a lumber yard, a line office and good storage sheds. Their advice to communities Is to Imitate? not join the original body. Thomas Chappell and R. n. Dickson, were among the original Incorporators of the association. J. H. Brown is its present President, and Frank Campbell the business agent. No saloon exists in the town, churches are plentiful, law and order Is visible everywhere. There is no philosophizing, no theories It Is all cold-blooded, practical business The main officers and directors receive no salary, and the dividends paid are given out in stock. A clean-posted ledger shows what a few hard-headed farmers can do in the matter of selling their products for an honest price, and buying their supplies at the lowest fig ure. Rockwell Is an Interest point" for any practical co-operator to visit and study. Twelve years of success, with out extermination of competition, mark the history of the little village a place of peace and real, not political nor leg islative, prosperity. HAIR TELLS OF NATIVITY. Results of Observation by Hotel Clerks and Commercial Travelers. Commercial travelers, and no men It Is said are better Judges of character, claim that they can always tell to what part of the country a man belongs, and this by looking only at his hair. They say that In Kentucky the hair Is worn long behind, so long that It Is caught over the ears, permitting the oft-repeated gesture of smoothing it with the fingers as the wearer talks to ycu. The euda are cut - buuiv, - aud the fashion requires a certain amount of pomade to keep it in place. Thla gloss is imperative. In Indiana, they claim, It Is worn equally as long, but with the ends curled In about the neck almost touching the collar. Further West, across the Rockies, and In the southwest, especially in Texas where barbers are scarce, or were scarce when, the fashion was set the hair is worn cowboy fashion, loose over the shoul ders, the untrlmmed ends flying in the winds. In the Eastern States, however, aud along the whole Eastern border of the country, except in North Carolina where among the corncrackers it grows wild, the hair Is cropped short, espe cially behind, where it is shingled even ly from the top of the head to tbe neck. Hotel clerks add to this knowledge of the hair one of the wearer's shoes. It makes all the difference In the world whether they are square, pointed or round. Each fashion proclaims a dis trict of its own.. . Patent, leather shoe with extremely pointed toes belong tot the South; while people from the North l and AVest wear square toes and heavy shoes. These fashions, however, are due more to climatic conditions than to local tastes. Harper's Bazar. Japanese Imitation. The Japanese are almost universally condemned by writers for the imitation practiced by them of late years of Western literature, art science and in vention. And yet this imitation seems, natural and right. Imagine, if possible, the nation of Japan leaping across the civilization of hundreds of years in half a century. Think of her emerging from the darkness of the middle ages and standing suddenly forth In the light of the nineteenth century. Would It not have been worse than madness for her to have said, "This new civilization U better than ours, yet we will not Imi tate it. We will retain our originality, and perhaps in ages to come we shall reach the enlightened state now enjoy ed by the rest of the world." But fortunately the Japanese did not say this, but gave themselves up to the acquisition of the -wonderful stores of knowledge opened to them. Llppin cott's. A Dry Niagara. A few miles southeast of Syracuse, N. Y., In a cavity whose bottom Is 220 feet below the surface of the adjacent upland, lies Jamesvllle lake, a body of water COO feet in diameter and sixty feet In depth. Eastward from the lake extends a gorge through which flows Butternut creek. Professor Querentr of Syracuse says thnt In former times a river flowed here and that Jamesvllle lake is the pool that was formed under a great waterfall. Steep cliffs rise around it on three sides, and "nil the features of a dry Niagara are here dis closed In great detail." Damsscos Sword. It is but seldom that a real good speci men of the Damascus sword can be ob tained, for the art of working and en graving this kind of steel Is dead. These swords are made of alternate lay ers of iron and steel, so finely tempered that the blade would bend to the hilt without breaking. The weapons had edges so keen that no coat of mall could resist them, and surfaces so highly pol ished that when a Moslem wished to re arrange his turban he used his cword for a looking-glass. Harmonious Bicycle. Tbe latest thing "made In Germany" is a "harmonious bicycle." This terri ble Invention is constructed to grind out 500 tunes, and has been given the name of "II Trovatore." The contrivance is fixed to the handle bar, is worked by the front wheel, and will play for an"' hour while the cyclist Is pedaling at a speed of ten miles. r