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About Oregon sentinel. (Jacksonville, Or.) 1858-1888 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 16, 1871)
THE OREGON SMB., , ; , PUBLISHED Every Saturday Morniiig liy JB. F. DOWELL, OFFICE, CORSER 'C fy TBIRD STREETS. TEIIJIS OP SUBSCUIPTIOX : For one year, in ad ranee, four dollar: il not paid within the first six months of tbe year, lire dollars; II not paid nntu the expiration of the year, six dollan. TERMS OP ADVKRTISINGl One square (10 lines or lepe). first Insertion, three dollars ; each fnli'eqncnt Insertion, one dollar. A discount of fifty per cent, will be Bade to, those wbo advertise by the year. Legal Tenders received ai current rates. President's Message. 'A BRIEF AND COMfrEEIIENSI VE EEVIEVt' Or i'btLic affaihs. From the Mornlnr C1L1 (CONCLUDED.) incl some otber powers. As shunted, Diir, representatives in Japan and China have to depend lor interpreters and translators upon the natives of those countries, who lenow our language im perfectly, or procure lor the occasion the services of employes in foreign business house.', or the interpreters to other foreign Ministers. ".SUBSIDIES TOI: STEAMSHIP tlNES. $ -would also recommend liberal measures for the purpose of support ing the American lines of steamers now plying between San Francisco an3" Japan and China, and the Aus trian Hue, almost our only remaining lines of ocean steamers, and of in creasing their service. TUB NATIONAL DEDT. The National Debt has been reduced to tho extent of eighty-six million fifty seven thoustnd one hundred and twenty-six dollars and eighty cents during the year; and by tho negotia tion of tho national bonds at a lower rate of interest, the interest on the public debt has been o far diminished that now the sum to be raised for in terest account is nearly Bcrcntecn million dollars less than on the 11 of March, 18G9. It was highly desirable that this rapid dimunilion should take place, both to strengthen the credit of tno country ana 10 coin nice us citi zens of their entire ability to meet every dollar of liability without bank rupting them. But in icw of the accomplishment of these desirable ends, of tho rapid development or the : resources of the country, its increasing ability to meet the laige demands, and the amount already paid, it is not dc--sirablo that the present resources ol Uho country should continuo to be taxed in order to continue this lapid payment. MODIFICATION OF TAX TARIFF LAWS. I therefore rccomm"nd a modifica tion of both the tariff and inten-st lax laws. I recommoiid that all taxes from internal sources be abolished, except those on spirituous, vinous and malt liquors, tobacco in in its vniioiiionif, ,ind"from stamps. In readjusting the tariff, I suggest that a carclul estimate bo made of tho amount of surplus rev enne collected under the present laws, after providing for the current expenses of tho Government, the interest ac count and a Mtiking fund, and thatthi surplus bq reduced in such manner as to afford the grcatct relief to the greatest number. There are many articles not produced .at home, such as medicines compounded, from which little revenue is derived, but Which enter into general ue. AH such articles I recommend to be placed oo the free list. Should a further re- drrttion prove advisable, I would then "recommend that it be made upon those . artblfcs which can bear it without disturbing home production or red tic "iinrTthe wages ot Ametican labor. I havo-not entered into figures, because to do.so would be to repeat all that willbc laid before you in tho re pott-, of tho Secretary of the Treasury. The present laws for col leclinir revenues pay collectors ot cus toms mall salaries, but provide for shares in all seizures, which, at i rin ..cipal ports of entry particularly, raie "the compensation of those officials to a large sum. It has always seemed to mo ,a8 if this system must at times -work perniciously. Itjholds ont in ducements to dishonest men, should any get possession ot these offices, to (bo lax in their scrutiny of goods en tered, to enable them finally to make largo seizures. Your attention is re spectfully invited to this subject. THE CUKRENCT. The .aontiniied fluctuations in the va.luo'Ol gold -compared with the jna Hionnl currency has a mot dnmaging effect upon the increase and develop xnent of the country, in keeping up prices of all articles necessary in every day life. It fosters a spirit ot gambling prejudicial alike to national morals and national finances. If tho question -catvbo met as to how to get a fixed -value to our currency, that value con stantly and uniformly approaching par with specie, a very desirable object "will be gained. t THE AEMT. Pot the operations of. the army in the past year the expense of maintain ing Jt, the estimates for the ensuing year, and for continuing sea-coast and other improvements conducted under VOL. XVI. tho supervision of the "War Depart ment, I refer you to the accompanying report of the Secretary of War. I oil your attention to the provisions otthe act ot Congress, approved March 3d, 18C9, which discontinues promotion in the staff corps of the army until pro vided for by law. I recommend that the number of officers in each grade of staff corps be fixed, and that whenever the number in any one grade falls below the number so fixed, that the vacancy may be filled bv promotion from the grade below. I also recom mend that when the office of Chief of CorpV-bccomc8 vacant tho place may be filled by selection from the corps in which the vacancy exists. THE NAVY. The report of the Secretary of the Navy shovs an improvement in the number -arid efficiency of tho naval force, without material increase in the expense of supporting it. This is due to the policy which has been adopted and is being extended as far as our niateiial will admit, of using smaller e$sels as cruisers on the several stations. By these means we have been enabled to occupy at once a larger extent of cruisintr ground, and to. visit more frequently the ports where the presence of onr flag is desir able, and generally to discharge more efficiently the duties ot the Navy in time of peace, without exceeding the number of men or the expenditures authorized by law. During the past year the Xay has, in addition to its regular service, supplied the men and officers for the vessels of the Coast Survey, and has completed iheMirvcys authorized by Congress of the Isthmus of Daricn and Tehuantepec, and under like authority has sent out an expedi tion completely furnished and equipped to explore the unknown ocean of the North. The suggestion of the report as to the necessity for increasing and improving the mateiial of the navy and the plan recommended for reduc ing the personnel of the service to a peace standard by the gradual aboli tion oi certain grades of officers, the reduction of othets and the employ ment of borne in the service of the commercial marine, arc all considered and deserve the thoughtful attention of Congress. I aUo recommend that all promotions in the Navy, above the rank of Captain, be by selection in- sic."'.' ot iy seniority, mis course will secure in tnu Higher grades greater efficiency, and hold out an incentive to young officers to impiove themselves in the knowledge of their profession. The prestnt cost of maintaining the Navy, and its cost compared with that of tho preceding year, and tho esti mates for the ensuing year, arc con tained in the accompanying report of the Secretary of the Navy. tost orncn department. The enlarged receipts of the Pot Office Department, as shown by the accompanying report ot the Postmas ter general, exhibit a gaatifying in crease in that blanch of the public service. It is the index ol the growth of education and of the piospe'iity of the people, two element'' highly conducive to the vigor and stability of republics. With a vast territory like ours, much of it sparsely populated, but all n quiring the serv ices of the mail, it is not at present to. be expected that this Department can be made self sustaining; but its grad ual approach to this end from year to year is confidently relied on, "and the day is not far distant when tho Pnt Office Department of the Government will prove a much greater blessirg to tho whole ol the people than it is now. rnorosiTioN 70 unite the telegraph WITH THE POSTAL SYSTEM. Tho suggestion of the Posmnstcr General for improvements in ihc De partment presided over by him arc earnestly recommended to your spne- ial. attention, especially the document lor your favorable consideration of the plan for uniting the lelersph system of the United States with the postal system. It Is believed that by such a course the cost of telegraphing could be much reduced, aud tbe service be as well it not bctterrendcred. It would further secure advantage by extending the telegraph throngh portions of the country" where 'private enterprise will not costruct it. Commerce, tradet and above all, the efforts to bring a people widely separated into a community of interests, are Ttlways benefited by a rapid intercommunication. Education', the groundwork of republican Institu tions, is encouraged by increasing the facilities for gathering together with speed the news'from all parts ot the country. The desire to reap the ben efits of such improvement will stimu late education. I refer you to the report of the PosM master-General lor lull details ot tue operations of lat year, and for com parative statements of the results vyith former years. KUKLUX IN SOCTTI CAROLINA. There has been imposed upon the J Executive branch of the Government i JACKSONVILLE, SATURDAY, DECEMBER l6r 1871:. tho execution of the Act of Congress,1 approved April 20th, 1871. and com- moniy known as the Ku-KIux law, in a portion of the State ,01 South Caro lina. The necessity of the course pur sued will be demonstrated by the re port of the Committco to investigate Southern Outrages under the provi sions of the above Act. I issued a proclamation calling tho attention of the people ot tho United States to the same, and declaring my reluctance to exercise any of thcextraordinary povr, ere thereby conferred upon me,, excepUoeing cared for in. Buch a way, it is in case ot Imperative necessity; bnt making known my purpose to exercise such powers whenever it should bet come necessary to do so for the purporo ot securing to all citizens of! the United States the pcacefnl enioy ment of the rights guaranteed to them 1... . 1. n lnnDlilnttnn n .. it Ik. ! 11V IIIC UUIIOtlkUblUll U1JU UIU lillVS. After tho passage of this iaw, informa tion was received from time to time- that a combination of characters referred to in this law existed, and were powerful in many parts of the Southern States, particularly in certain counties of South Carolina. Careful investigation was maac, and 15 was ascertained that in nine counties of the State such combinations were active and powerfnl, embracing a sufficient portion ot the citizens to control the local authority, and having, among other things, the object ot depriving the emancipated class of the substan tial benefits of freedom, anil of the privilege of tho free political action of those citizens who did not sympathize with their own views. Among their operations wero frequent scourging and occasional assasinations, generally perpetrated at night by disguised per sons their victims in almost all cases being citizens of different political sentiments from their own, or free persons who have shown a disposition to claim equal lights with other citi zens. Thousands ot lnonensivc and well-disposed citizens were sufferers by this lawless violence. Thereupon, on the 13th ot October, 1871, a proclama tion was issued in terms ot the law, calling upon the members of the said combinations to disperse within five dars, and to deliver to the Marshal or, ?? . -., TT . 1 r. . ' military omccrs 01 me united states, all arms, ammunition, uniforms, dis guises and other means and implements used by them tor carrying out their unlawful purposes. This warning not having been heeded, on the 17th of October, another proclamation was issued, suspending the writ of habeas corpus in nine counties in that State, and direction was given thit within tho counties so designated, persons supposed on credible information to be members of such unlawful combina tion"!, should be arrested by the mili tary forces of the Uniled States and delivered to the Marshal, to be dealt with according to law. In two of the said counties many arrests hive been made. At the lat accounts.the num ber ot persons thus arrested was 1G8. Several hundred whose criminality was ascertained to be of an inferior degree, were released tor the present. These have generally made confessions of their guilt. Great caution has been exercised in making these arrests, and notwithstanding their large number, it i believed th-it no innocent person is now in custody. The prisoners will be held tor regular trial before a judi cial tribunal of the United States. As soon as it appeared that the authori ties of the United States were about to take vigorous measures to enforce the law, many persons abcondcd, and there is good ground for supposing that all such persons have been guilty ot violation of the law. A full report of what has been done under this law, will be hubrnitted to Congress by the Attorney General. THE MORMON QUESTION. In Utah there Still remains a rem nant of lnrbarsm, repugnant to civili zition, decency, and to the laws of the fT-iitiiH Ctntoa 1lf-irt-iil nfTtDM mted States. Territorial officers, however, havo been found who aro willing to perform their duty in a spirit of equity, and with a dne sense of sustaining the majesty of the law. Neither polygamy nor o'ther violation of existing statutes will be permitted wiihin the tenitcry of the United States. It is not with the religion of the self styled Stints that we are now dealing, but their practices. They will be protected in the 'worship of God according to the dictates of their consciences, but they will not be per mitted to violate the laws under the cloak of religion. It may "be advisable for Congress to consider what, in the execution ot the laws against polyga my, is to be the status of the plnral wives and their offspring, and the propriety of Congress passing an en abling act, authorizing the Territorial Legislature to legitimize all born prior to a time fixed in tho act, might be justified by its humanity to those inno cent children. This is a suggestion only, and not a recommendation. TOE ADMINISTRATION INDIAN roLICY AND ITS RESULTS, The policy pnrsned towards tho In-" dians has resulted favorably, so far as can be judged from the limited time daring which it has ben in operation. Throngh the efforts of the varioas soci eties of Christians, Jo whom has been entrusted the execution of the policy, and tho "Board of Commissioners au thorized by the law of April 10th, 1860, many tribes of Indians have been induced to settle upon Reservations to cultivate the soil and perform product ive laoor ot various- kinds, and to par tially accept civilization. These are hoped so as to induce those still pnrsu ing their old habits of life, to embrace tho only opportunity which is left them to avoid cxterminition. I rec ominend liberal appropriations to carl ry out the Indian peace policies ; not only because it is humane. Christian like and economical, bat because it Li right. I recommend to your lavorable consideration also the policy of grant ing a territorial government to the' Indians in the Indian Territory, west of Arkansas and Missouri, and south of iKansas. In doing to every right (guaranteed to the Indians bv treaty snouid i'o secured, ouch a course might in time bo the means of collect ing most of the Indians, now between the Missouri and Pacific, and south of uu 01 1 : ,. .-". .. "'ii- tory or btatc. The Secretary of the interior has treated upon this subject aiengm, and 1 lecommend to you Ins suggestions. rpLIC LANDS SHOULD BE RESERVED FOR ACTUAL SETTLERS, I renew my recommendation that tip public lands bo regarded as a her itage to our children, to bo disposed of orly as required for occupation, and to actual settlers. Those already granted have been in great part disposed of in suw a way as to secure access to the baance by the hardy settler, who may; wiin 10 avail inmseit ot them; bnV caftion should be exercised even then. Inattaining so desirable an object, the educational interest may well be assist edby tho grant of the proceeds of the safe ot public lands to settlers. I do noi wish to be understood as recom mending in the least di-groo-n .ourxall meit ot what is being done by the General Government for tho encour aglment of education. Till CENSUS RETURNS AND DEPARTMENT I OP AGRICULTURE. The report of the Secretary of th Iiitnor, submitted with this, will give yo information collected and pieparetl forpublication, in regard to the census talcn during the year 1870, the opera tions of the Bureau of Education for thjyear, the Patent Office, the Pension Oflce, the Land Office and the Indian BnWau. The report of the Commis sionir of Agriculture gives the opera tion of his Department for the year. As jgriculturc is the groundwork of our prosperity, too much importance canrot be attached to the labors of this Department. It is in the hands of an nile head, with able assistants, all zealrjisly devoted to introducing into tln agricultural productions of tho natim all useful sroducts adanted to any if the various climates and soils of our Vast territory, anil to giving all uef il information as to the methods ot cultvation of the plants, cereals and tuna; prouucis auapiea 10 our territo ry. J The work is prospering quietly and in rely, and the Agricultural Bureau is wurMiig a great, national goou, aim if lilprally supported the more widely its influence will be extended and the less Bependent 'we shall be upon pro duct of foreign countries.' SALARIES OF OFFICIALS. Tbe subject of compensation to the Ilea da of Bureaus, and officials holding positions of responsibility, and requir ing ability and character to fill such properly, is one to which your attention is invited. But few ot the officials receive a compensation equal to the respectable support of a family, while their duties aro such as to involve niillions of dollars and great interests, la private life such services demand compensation equal to the services rendered, and a wise economy would dictate the same rule in the Govern ment service. EXPENSES OF GOVERNMENT. I have not "iven tho estimates for the support ot.the Government,for the ensuing year, andjt comparative state ment between tne expenauures ior me year just past and the one just preced ing, because all these figures are con tained in the accompanying reports, or in those presented directly to congress. These estimates have my approval. DISABILITIES IMPOSED BY THE FOUR TEENTH AMENDMENT. More than six years having elapsed since the last hostile gun waff fired between the armies then arrayed acrainst each other, one for the perpet uation the other lor the destruction of the Union, it may well be considered whether it is not now time that the disabilities imposed br the Fourteenth Amendment should be removed. That instrument does not exclude tbe ballot. (but only requires tho disability to tr, nritl.l, nn; ;. T:.louua .'"""aiHiiig political views op NOJ'45. hold office of certain classes. When the purity ot the ballot box isl secure, a majority of one is sure to elect officers reflecting the views of the majority. I do tiot see the advantage or proprie ty of excluding men from- office merely becanso they were, before the rebellion, of a standing and character 'sufficient to be elected to positions reauirfnn' them to take the oath to support the constitution, and admitting tho eligi bility of those entertaining precisely tho Same views, but nf llS9 tln'rlinrr in tl.oT nmn..,n:.:. t. .'", .l--m . .wtuiiumi.ii.-c. xi. luay ue sam ine? former violated art oath, while the latter did not have it in their power to do so. If they had taken this oath, it cannot bo doubted they would have broken it, as did the former class. If there aro any great criminals disting. uished above nil others for the part they took in opposition to the Govern ment, they might, in tho judgment of Congress, be excluded from such an amnesty. This subiect is submitted for your careful consideration. OS1RAUSM IN THE SOUTHERN STATES. The condition of the Southern 'Smtod is unhappily not stu-h as all true patri otic citizens would like to see. Social ostracism for opinion's sake, and ner. sonal violence or threats towards per- - ,.. . . ,!., . posed to those entnrt.iinr.rt hv th. majority of the citizens, prevents imrai- gration and the flow ot much-needed capital into the States lately in rebel lion. It will be a haDDv condition nf o country wnon the o d citizenR of th eso States will take an interest in public affaire, vote for men represent ing their views, and permit full free dom of expression and tho ballot in those entertaining different political convictions. DISTRICT OP COLUMBIA. Under the provisions ot the Act of Congress, approved February 21, 1871, a, Territorial Government was organ ized in the District of Columbia. Its results have thus far fully realized the eipectations of its advocates. Under tbe direction ot the Territorial officers. a system of improvements has been inaugurated, by means of which Wash-' fmjion Is Tapiaiy "Becoming a .;tt worthy of the nation's capital. The citizens of the District having volunta rily taxed thamselves for the purpose of contributing to the advancement of the seat of government, I recommond liberal appropriations on the part of Congress, in order that the Govern ment may bear its just share of the expense of carrying out tho various systems ot improvements. THE CHICAGO, FIRE. By tho great firo in Chicago tho most important of the Government buildings in that city were consumed. Those bnrned had already become inadequate to the wants of tho Govern ment in that growing city, and, looking to the near fnture, were totally inade quate. I recommend, therefore, that an appropriation be made immediately to purchase the remainder of the square on which tho bnrned buildings stood, provided it can bo purchased at a air valuation, and provided the Legislatare ol Illinois will pass a law authoria'ng its condemnation for Government pur poses, and also an appropriation ofj as much money as can be pronerlv 'ex pended toward tho erection of Govern ment buildings. PROTECTION OF IMMIGRANTS. Liunng this nscal year the nnrxber of immigrants, ignorant of our llws and habits, and coming into our coun try annually has become so great, ind the impositions practised upon tlem so numerous and flagrant, that 1 ug. gest Congressional action for their protection. It seems to me a fair sub ject of legislation by Congress. cannot now state as fully as I desire the nature of the complaints made by immigrants ot tho treatment they re ceive, bnt will endeavor to do so during the session of Congress, particularly if the subject should receivo your atten tion. CmL SERVICE REFORM. It has been the aim of the Adminis tration to force honesty and efficiency in all pnblio servants. Every official who has violated the trust placed in him has been proceeded against with all the rigor of the law. Jt bad men have secured places, it has been the fault of tneystenij' established bylaw and custom for 'paaking' appointments; or the fa'uUCdf.'those who 'recommend; for Government positioas rersoMBOtr cnffleipntlv wplllrnnwn to them nprsnn. ally, or who givo.Ietters'ehdorsiDg.tBe" character of office seekers without proper sense of the grave responsibility which such a course devolves upon them. A civil service reform, which can in a measure correct this abuse, is much desired. In mercantile pursuits the business man who gives a letter of recommendation to a friend to enable him to obtain credit from a stranger, is regarded as morally responsible for the integrity of his friend and his abilty to, meet his obligations. A reform which wonld enforce this principle against all indorsers of peisons for I public placo.would insure great caution in'maSinc recdrnmenda'tFoSft Mlffi. tary lessorrhaVboen taught tho cJrrefvss and tho dishonest servant in the. great nnmber of prosecutions and convictions ol the last two years. Il u gratifying to notice- tho favorable changa which is taking place tfirougnout't'no. country inbrmging to.punishment those 'who have proVwcraant.totKBrirMts-en-.-tided- to themTitsJBtevaliMrto iwblie office' iwe but thoseKwho" umml the coTifiddficeTofheJionest-aarJ iirtRow who, it will alwafs"bo"fcrand,-eemd4 tho majority of tho community i which they live. - ' , In my Message to Congress qua year ago, I urgently recommended ir reiorm in tno civu service ' rtne country, in conformity witb that recommendation. Congress, in tneninth sccuuii ui tn .ncMiiaKiiig appropria tion for sundry civil expenses (ol Go.' ernment, and Tor other purposes?' ap proved March 3d, 18?1', gave the ndc;t ess3ry authority to the, .Executive to. inaugurate a civil service reform, and fplaqed upon him the responsibility" of iloing so.' Uritter'the aothorityhof saitS Act 1 convened a Board pt gentlemen' eminently qualified for the work, tor devjso rales aud regnlations-lo effect the needed reform. Their laborsaro not yet completed ; but It is" believed1 that thoy will succeed in devisirfr ' pfan which can ber adooted. to. tk great relief of tho Executive, the headsj of Dcpaitments and members ofCpn gress, and which will redound fa 'the" truo interest of tho public service?'" At all ovents the experiment shall have a fair trial. CONCLUSION. I have thus hastily summed up tne operations of the Government during tho last year, and made such suggest-" ions as occur to me to he proper, for,' your consideration. I submit them' with a confidence tnaryoBr combined'' actions will be wise, statesmanlike, and, in the best interest of the whole coun- try. U. S. Grant. iiEcuTivE Mansion, Dec. 4, lsr, T professional arbs. J. R. NEIL, ' ATTORNEY-AT-LlW, , JACKSONVILLE, OREGON, HAVING made arran ptements o connsel irillr r E. Steele. Esq , of 1'reka. I Km'prejjaVeC mj a.kcuu mj auj uuaiucsa vmrusicu to mjicarci 2jane71tf , s GEO. H. DURHAM, Attorno7atIi ftw 03 FllO.TT STltEET. IVkilANO OREGON. DR. t. T. DAVI, SURGEON, JACKSONVILLE, OREGON. S. F. CHAPIN, E D. JACKSONVILLE. Office and Residence; ' RYAN'S kRICK BUILDING, 3d St., Between California & Main Sts- DfU.B.OVEttBECK, . Physician & Surgeon JACKSONVILLE, OREOOlf. Office at his residence, In tbe Old OTerbeck7 Jospltnl, on Oregon Utrett. Dr. L. Ganmigy PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON Jacksonville, Oregon, tI ,, , Gihomh Slmt.oppotitt P. J. Ryan't Brick StirS. ' . a'" May 20. 1871. tf DR. W. JACKSOiY, " 1 OFFICE : Corner of California If Fifth SU. Particular attention gWen to the regulation, of hildren' teeth. Teeth extracted without pain, oy me me or tbe late method of anasthesla. All work warranted, and satisfaction gtfaran-, teed. JaeksonTille.Nov.20. If 3 DR. L. DANFORTH, Physician and Surgqdrl HAS permanently located on tbe fort Lane Ranch, two miles north of the Willo Spring, and offer, his professional jrerrlcej (o the people of Jackson and Jotephine countlei. , DR.A.B.OVERBECKS BiMDB& HO OMSy "1"" "X7I WARMTcOLD '& SHOWER BATHS 8TODAYS AND WEDNESDAYS..," G. H. AIKEN, M. 0., - Physician & Surgeon? Jacksonville, Oregea. OFFICE In tbe U. S. Hotel. Third Strtej FOE FLAVORING EXTRACTS! BBBIXOTO.f CO1!. HVt TOT JKT? ipiir'v hhftttbcn r