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About The Eugene City guard. (Eugene City, Or.) 1870-1899 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 21, 1889)
sytSTERN STEAM BOATING. ,i , prospects '"r ,u ' Far from ' III nS(ii. It Is perfectly true that the Western gteainbonl Interest has been seriously impaired dj- competition with the ruit roads. and t'iut lhe wibr of fast bouts bus greatly decreased. Kor the position of sloumboat property iu the past wits peculiar. Largo numbers of the bouts were owned by the captains or their families, and In case of hard time or ft out-rate war with the rail roads the boat could be seized for debt and the traffic stopped. The compel- Ing railroad, on the other hand, might be equally in debt, but lu the hands of i, receiver it went on doing business while the 00f boat-owner was tied up with his boat. This is the common and the darker taken of the steamboat Interest on our great rivers. To offset this is lhe fact that the larger rivers are now well lighted, iiudmore lights are added every year. The millions spont on the rivers have wonderfully improved nav igation, and there are fewer wrecks thuii ever before. The slack-water navigation, as on the Kanawha and the Moiionguhela, has greatly extended (be season in which boats can run, and has extended the earning time of every poat on these waters. The ownership jf the boats has also changed, and in place of single "tramp" steamers there are now regular Incorporated com panies owning large fleets of boats and having abundant capital. Thcso com panies are enabled to furnish better, cheaper and raoro regular service, tjth less dnngcr of ruinous con aetltion with the railroad. For perly the steamboat service was extravagant and costly in man agemout. while rates were high and profits large. The companies now conduct their business with more econ omy, and seek to all ran business by regular departures and arrivals, more amfortabie boats, and better tubleand luite-room aervico. The lines now more nearly approach the Eastern Hoes, both In equipment and manage ment, and while the old racing cap tains, who threw their freight into the furnaces rathe'' than bo beaten by a rival boat, are passing away, the new men are real captains of safe and com fortable boats. The romantic days have gone from the rivers forever, but the travel Is safer, and, in a way, more siriliz 'd. The last of the famous rac ing machines, the Natchez, was; wreck ed only a few months ago, The com petition with the railroads has do manded a wholly different class of boats, and the tourists will compel a better patenger service on the lines 111 the future. Id the opinion of those competent to peak on the matter, the prospects for the passenger traffic on the rivers is far from discouraging. Once all the world had to go by boat or stay at home. Now the larger number take the cars, and In order to retain any traffic at all the boat lines must offer superior inducements In the w:iy of price, comfort and attendance. This they seemed prepared to do; and It Is safe to say that the time will come when many of the l iver routes of the West will be as pop ular as the Hudso.7 river Or LoilS Isl am Sound, and a trip on these great water-ways will be regarded as quite as important to a right understanding of the country as a day on the North river. Century. FOR YOUnV WOMEN. An I I.I, Tit Gentleman IVIls How to Coax a Man lo Prop se An elderly man was telling a group of giddy young girls the other day how he proposed to his wife whon he was a young man. She was sowing at the time, he said, or he never would have had the courage to do It. If girls would sew more he thinks they would have more matrimonial chances. Sew ing he considers the best accomplish ment that a woman can have. A woman engaged with a needle has a domestic, homc-lik'o air that is irre sistible to a man who loves her. It is a picture of what sho would be in her own home, and makes him long that it should be his also. How can a man propose to a girl who sits straight up In her chair staring hard at him with a pair of bright eyes? But when she l bending gracefully over a bit of plain or fancy sewing, apparently ab sorbed in counting the stitches, and the arrows of her eyes are sheathed for a few minutes, ho plucks up cour age enough to offer her his heart and hand. The average' young man Is bashful in such affairs, though bold enough at other times, and needs encouragement and opportunities. W hat sort of encouragement is a pair of bright eyes staring into his, watch ing his embarrassment? Listen to the advice of an old man who has been all through it; drop your eyes and give the young man a chance. Re member this, girls, when the favorite young man drops in to make an even ing visit, get out your bit of fancy ork and look domestic, and with every stitch of your needle you will bind his heart more Urmlv to your own. This is the advantage that the En glish girls are said to possess over the American girls they are more do mertie; if they shine less brilliantly in ociety than their American sisters their domestic virtues shed a steady luster in their houses. This, of course, is looking at the question f.om an En glish point of view. The American tfrls are capable of doing both; do mesticity is not incompatible with so clal brilliancy, and many of society's queens are careful housekeepers and devoted wives and mothers, keeping their sweetest words and smilea for their own home.-N. Y Star. J-"1 Howard, ofilwauken, a widely y "nie dignitary, but in moderate jn-unBUncea. baa fallen beir to 11.000,000. 1 bud by an aunt in England, from wbom y hn a boy J? hsbury. premier of England, who aw rn"'rlj ' ""-king Journalist, hi sJ to courteous ae bis pontkm will allow wapapar men, and frequently inoloaea j to men wbo wer farmerly bi eoUix-. n??.1- esafcor of -CDderfroond ZTT" """J urea in London. He met franrfi BM rjctoav His head at large and hi. trps of ""'"aeouailj BlaTic. He baa a cbaxming Ua KANGAROO LEATHER. wrgt mhmi "I don't know," responded the cut u'" to construct J ,, , fense on that ve y moment. And.!,,,, -.hig ""'ted of him. he queried rather Wpta-ljr, -Why should I? wha. the advantage of them?" "If you ever have tender feet." an---ed the , hoe man, -you wou U ull, appree.ate kangaroo skl. Why the leather Is soft and pliable-very much more so than calfskin or k.d I hat makes the ebue eVer so .,, ts:er to the foot Then it is treat deal ligh.er than those other materials, and that's an advan tage. and. for w,ar. why. kangaroo skin is faraliead Look here." and go. mg to his bench, he picked up two "c aps of leather. -Now, ,nil) , kn. garoo .kin." and w ith his sharp shoe maker's knife he made two short inci sions from the ed.'e. .-Xow tear fro u these lint this the customer, though not a man uf weakness. y arable to do. The same experiment being made with calf-kin. that was torn with ease. -Tim ." ended the old man. "shows the .iifference in wear, and the price is just about tbu same." Itut the customer WU a newspaper man. Immediately he tur ed Swamp ward, and within half an hour sto. d in the presence of one of the city's largest kangaroo men. "The kangaroo," began this gentle man, "is. as you know, a native of Australia. Trior to ten years ago they exU'ed In untold number They became such a pest and so disastrous lo lhe sheer. dmVv.j '.hiii ih. leer, dhVh- : '.hat lhe colonial gov rameot offered a bounty for their destruction Now. up to that time there hud been no permanent or set tled use for their skins and hides To BO back a tittle, however, say twelve to ti teen years aire, these sk ins en me to America in considerable quantities. But at tl at timo (heir vulue was un rec gnized. Strange as they certain ly were lo American manufacturers, their disposal was only ; Joslble at ruinous loss. The parties Interested in the scheme withdrew ; worse oil by some -o IHX). "Now, about this slrrc say IKS0 a new procMj hMntyby was devised by Which Kangaroo hide was made into shoe leather, superior in Strength, durability, softness and nonets, to any th ng of like weight and nature ever before Bled for the purpose. Then was the manufactured leather trade-marked under the name 'oatnelopard.' "From that time forward did the merits of kangaroo skin become more generally recognized. At the present time the talus are enormous, the material having, in a large measure, supplanted waxed calf, gloved calf, French rait k'd and similar goods u-ed in tlie manufacture of the lighter and liner foot wear. And the nianu facturo of foot wear, you know, has reached Its most miignillcent pro portions in America. Here more laete is displayed and money appended on Viis article of attire than any where else on earth. "Only in America has a successful system of tanning been devised. Over in European countries kangaroo skin is tanned, It Is true, but it is in com paratively little use. Here the tan ning is not by any means solely of the 'oatnelopard' brand. Other manu facturers have devised systems very like unto it, and the product of these is in very general use. "As is always the case when nnv thing meets with extraordinary suc cess, as this very truly has, many imi tations have been brought into the market. Often and often have w omen especially bought boots of Doogola goal under the impression that they were of kangaroo skin. Again has the manufactured product of sheep--bin been passed off in imitation. "The trade in kangaroo skins shows, indeed, a great and gratifying in crease. X. y. Mail and Kx press. Pasturage For Colts and Cattle. It is Important thai this h properly chosen, ospecialy for growi g colts. If this is on very rich land o watfrv, the grass will be too rank for the growtli of fine, strong bones, and lirm enduring muscle. Colls gr wn up on such will be pretty sure to be wanting in spirit, be "low of movement and de ficient in wind, so much so lhat w hen in harness if put up to a moderately fast puce -which can only be done by repeated a' plication of the whip they breathe painfully, sweut intoler ably and soon tire. The best pasture ground for colts is such a is well drained or naturally rather dry. and if it abounds with scattered rock- a foot or more In diameter, those ure not objectionable, but small stones are, for the colts In running about are lia ble to strike on them to the injury of their hoofs, while they avoid the larger ones and rocks in tbeir exer The prass on such lands is and tender, highly relished by -wcet the colts and very nutritious. Grow- I ing up on such, especially ir limiteu 10 it. the feet and legs and the bone- of the whole body become extra strong, more like ivory th iH common bone rrown on quite succulent pasture. For cattle the pasture need not be so select in qualitv. lo they will dj well on wet meadows i ben the water is .Tcnerallv a little ba ow tho sur'ace ol the soil. 'only occnionally overflowing for a few hours nnd then drying off well. -American Agriculturist ' "Vim nu'iip er ol Muuent Voiun- tccn for Foreign Mission. ' now ex ceeds 3 MO, of whom it is said thai 1U3 have al--a.lv ..tiled fo- foreign land-, and others are soon lo follow A na tional organ,i. lion of iheae -Student Volunteers' has been forme-, with a committee of three Ml III I Ibf the Colle-eY M A andi .W C A. to e2e'r -ith Mr Wilde of the inter Sminar, Alliance, with the object of lu0(ing after these volunteers ant. bringing ibetn to the attention of mis sionary mmft arnl "f the churcbs Cause and effect. Annul rrmiiThai I muss nut I lesrly la ih-siii.r, .., , ,i ,u, Every cause which we observe In nature Is the effect of some earlier operation and every effect will In tarn become the cnuv of some farther MUata It in Ulta wuy that the con tinuity ol nature Is kept up. Fjich fuel is a link in a chain of cau-es and effects. Hue truth comes out clearly In the study of coral reefs. These reefs sur round many of the islands in I bo raeifo They protect the low lands from the washing of the wuves, and the still waters enclosed by them are the only harbors of refuge for ships. The reef, themselves furnish the greatest jhtiI to navigation; and II there were no Inlet through which a vessel could enter their protected circle, thev would lie i! Ill Bit. I nothing else. Hut almost every reef has such an inlet. It is a necessary result of the laws under which lhe forces of nature work. To understand this we must see how these reefs are formed. Chemically the reef corals are al most pure carbonate of lime, the aub llaaoa of ordinary limestone and marble. The reef grows as the shell of the oyster, or of any other sholl flsh. grow s, it itseif ti, aejjneM and UMlVMed shell of Innumerable polypi, or minute insects, which are being reproduced and are dying In euceesslve generations. These tiny beings get ill their llr ing from the water of the sea. It Is from this source, also, that they de rive the salts of lime from which they secrete the lauiy etruclure that re mains after the animal is dead. The coral olypi can not live In fresh water. Their food supply is brought to them by the waves and ourrenisof the sea. As a result. It is found that directly opposite the mouth of a Itraan 'nun the island the reef doei not grow. The e will bo the ip-1 let of the enclosed waters. Most of the islands encircled by reefs sro volcanic in origin, and of considerable haight In suoh cases the rainfall is much the grouteron lhe windward side. This will readily be accounted fur. As the tradcwlnds blow stuailily from the same quarter for three-fourths of the year over all lhe region where the coral grows, It is upon the windward side of the Islands that most fresh water is discharged by the streams, and eonseiuently upon that side the Inlets are commonly found. This goes far toward showing that 1 for an indefinitely long period the trade-winds have been blowing nnd ' lhat heir direct i n has not changed, follows that for an equally longtime the position uf thn earth's ai with relation to Its orbit has remained the same ns at present. The continuity of nature is nowhere broken, and its Uniformity is undisturbed. Youth's Companion. SUBSTANTIAL FLOORS, llnw In Mulie mesa So I ii ti Thar Will Ha HmpUooifl as Wall aa Durable. Nothing attracts the attention of a person wishing to rent or purchase a store room, dwelling or oltice soqutck ly us a handsome, well-laid floor, and a few suggestions on the subject, though not new, may not be out of piuce. The best floor for lhe least money can be made of yellow pine, if the ma terial is carefully selected and prop erly laid. First, anient edge grain yellow pine, and mil too "fat," clearof pituli, knuts, sap and split. See that it Is thorough ly seasoned anil the tongues and grooves exactly match, so that when laid the upper surfaces of each hoard arc on u level. This is an important feature often overlooked, and planing mill Operatives frequently got careless in adjusting thu tongulog and groov ing hits. If thu edge of a floor ing board, especially the grooved edge. s higher than the edge ol the next hoard, no amount of mechanical inge nuity oan make a neat floor of them. Tli" upper pnM of tho groove will QQe tlntWtOOUrl upwnrd as long as the floor la-t". Supposing, o' course, the sleepers or Joists nre properly placed lhe right distance apart, and their upper edges precisely on a lovol and securely braced, the most important part of the job is to "lay" the flooring correctly. Tills part of the work is never, ur very rarely ever, done nowadays. Tho system in voguo with carpenters of this day of laying one board at a time, and "blind nailing" it. Is the most glaring fraud practiced in any trade. They drive tho tongue of the hoard into the groove of tho preceding one by pounding on the grooved edge with a naked hummer, making Indentations lhat let in the cold air or obnoxious gases, if it Is a bottom floor, nnd then nail it in plana by driving a six-penny nail at an angle of about .V) degrees In the groove. An awkward blow or two chips off the upper of the groove, and the last blow, designod to sink the nail head out of the wuy of the next tongue, splits the lower pa, of the groove to spl inters, leaving an un slehtly oponinf. Such nailing does not fasten the flooring to the sleep. tri, and the slanting nails vary often wedge the board so that ll does not bear on the sleeper. Scientific Amer ican. In summer sheep require a shady pasture: their warm coals ol wool are burden-ome on a hot day. If there : are not sufficient shade trees In the Meld movable or stationary sheds ' should be provided. It is an act of cruelty to animals lo compel them to remain all day in a broiling eun. Wtaetf rr,e oid Beaanaaasj " is played at tb New York Academy of Music Detunaa Thompson will max bis entrance riding on a load of bay Janaoscbek ia going to Jamaica and South America on a two years' engagement The grand oid queen of Uw stags sighs for new worlds lo conquer. Robert Man tell receives fifty letters a day from st 11 j women wbo fall in lose with bio when tney sea bun on the stags, Ba Barer aesnsn tbeir notaa Mrs Oan. Lander, known to the stags aa Jean Mr en port, be dramatised Hawthorne's "Scarlet Letter Loans Jamas and hie wife, Mane Wainwrigat, will probably play It oat west oeit season. THE HORSE AT RtSI. Crlou rarls About ih lli.l.i,lan ( llsrwi to l.i Pan n To a hard-working ho se repose le almost as great a necessity as good food, but tired as he mv he lio is often hy about lying down. when a bed of nice clean straw Is provide for h m. The writer once rode a ma e seventy milea in a single day. The stable in which she was put for the night waa aa comfortable in every way a it could be made, but she stood the whole night through. Mie ate her oats and hay and then went to sleep, leaning forward with her breast against the manger. There are horses that have never been eeen lo lie down, and if they have ever done eo It waa only for a ehort time, and at an hour wtien they were likely lo ba eeen. No marics have ever been discover, d u on their coats whioh would l, nl. cute that they had ever been lyiug down. A horse is recalled now lhat occupied for tlfteen years, from the time he was two years old. the Ilrst stall in grandfather's stable. 1'p to the hour he died no oue had ever seen hint lying down, and several limes after weari some drives of about eight or ten hours, a watch was placed on him to see if during the night he would lie down; but he was never caught in that ihisi- tlon, and he could not bo tempted to re el no by the swoetes' and cleanest of bedding. He died literally tnioa bis feet. He was taken sick, and in giv ing him a dionch from a long-nocked bottle, with his head pulled up lo a twain, he suddenly foil book and ex pired. Unless a horse lios down regularly his rest can not be complete, and his joints and sinews st ffen; and, while it Is true that horses that sleep In a stand ing Ksition continue to work for many years. It Is oqually true that they would continue to work lor many years longer, and perform thoir work much better, If they rested naturally. Young horses from a country stable may re fu.e to He down when put Into a stable in town, and ilie habit may hecome confirmed unless Inducements are of fered. Horses can le taught lo lie down, and they can ulso be taught lo be as ueat and cleanly In their habits at. individuals. it Is a very rare thing for horses af flicted with a disease that suiairlnduces fever to lio down. They will stand up , until nature becomes completely ex- 1 haus.ed, and their limbs refuse to I sustain them. They have an Instinct whioh teaches them if they lie down il may be difficult for them to get upon 1 their feet again. A sick horse, be cause of his evident know.cdge of his own condition and his inability to eonv municate the symptoms and the nature of It commends himself to human sympathy more than any other animal. Horses have a horror of death, and especially dread death In their own kind. A horse may lie slcit In com pany with a slahlcful of hors. s, and the others will not notice him at al , but the moment he dies there is 000 sternation throughout the entire stable. A horse piay be absolutely fearless of every inanimate thing thai comes to his notice, but will bo frightened be yond measure at the sight of one of his own kind lying dead by the roudsldo. Horses and Stable. ROBBcD"BY" weeds. The IMITereiire lletwaan Twit Pieces of I mi in I anil llesrrlhatl in a Traveler. I have iu mind two pieces of corn growing contiguously, only the line fence between the fields indicating the ownership of tho two plecus. The quality of land is evidently thu same In both and the corn on both pieces hud grown to about the same height There was apparently but little differ ence in the two Uelds at the time tho spindles hegau to show in the -tains lint really there was this difference -ono received f equeul and careful culti vation wilh a view to destroy all weed growth; the other had only supcrle"lsl manipulation of the aoil. Thu careful hand which hud with groat painstaking - and this kind guoth not out without such sought tu eradicate root and branch of those troublesome "tenants-at-will' In one pleoe was wanting In the other. The weather now cauio on dry and hot The corn in tho clean rows spread itself like a green hay tree, and held on wonderfully late into the season befoie the leaves rolled or gave much evidence that the dry wealhor was telling upon it. In the oilier lot a c irpetof green weeds iu the shaie of barnyard grass. Unman worm wood, sorrel and smarlwoud sprang up between thu rows, and not only pur loined the nutriment of the soil, but w hat was of full us much consequence lo the corn plants, drank In the mois ture afforded by dews and scant showurs and with their network of fibrous, surface-feeding roots iinb bed the moisture from the soil, and practically throltled tlie corn on its own ground, and set its loaves curling three weeks before Die others, stunting its growth and dimin ishing the urup fully one-half below that of the clean kept field. - Massa chusetts Ploughman. - Few educational enterprises have yielded larger results for the amount Invested than the Kgypt Kxploration Fund. Kxpending annually since Hh:; between I7.O0J and M.iHsy. U has d,s covered or disclosed the following in teresting sites: Plltrotn (lhe treasure city of Kxodua i. II), (ioshen I'nhpan hex (the Daphnm of tha lireeks). the city of On ins, Zoan. Am, NaukratU, and. latest of all, Hi, has' is (the I'i-He-telli of the aWi pta roe). These distsjve riea have been conducted in a thorough ly scientific manner and have yielded rich results regarding tlie sciences, arts and Industries) of pact ages, the early sources uf h story, aad parlielar ly H, i). leal and secular hStoi-y. The Obautauquao- Taonveoo uaver aiooess ins same pipe twice. King KalaXaua will become a coffee planter Bismarck race! red 101 pkivers' eggs on bis birloda; Uan Sheridan is building a summer boose at Nantucket. Rosens Cook I Ing left an estate estimated to be worm fcXXJ.OUl Herbert Spencer works three boors a day, using a stenographer Hosteuer, the patent medicine nan, carries rrao.OUl Ufa Insurance. Cot at aplastic owes (210,050, and hie only are a new slum NEW VORK FASHIONS. Ta Fepular wan AnloU.n. sri Parla au l , ej a ,K(i Kla. A novelty for covering the head, shoulders and anna at lawu partiae le a lace scarf with rapurkon. or hood, that oan be worn with the low-throatad corsage and ehorl sloeves of full dreaa toilettes. Thie scarf resemble, some what the mantilla worn by Spanish women. Inn Parisians attribute It to Mar e Antoinette, who delighted in scarfs and tehtM when she and the la diea ol her court p ayed at dalry-iuald and shepherdess in the pleasure grounds of France. It le simply a long straight scarf of luce, with lhe middle gathered under a bow of high loops, like those on the crown of a toque, a scalloped edge drooping over the front hair, and the wider edge over the back of the head, while the long ends cover ,e shoulders, one end crossing the chest, and being fastened on the left shoulder with a fanciful pin. Suoh a mantilla accomoaniea a lovelv a-own all pink and blank, made of oii.lt mm ae i in,,.! and black marquiae lace, that .... r ' is placed aa a transparent over pink silk, lhe half-low corsage has short sleeves, one black and one pink, and the (runt of the bodice le also of pink crape on tho right side. driied diagou ally across tho htauk laoo whioh lorms ! the left side. The chemisette directly iu front is like a baby waist of the pink orapo drawn together on ribbon, wilh a tiny standing ruffle at the top. The ItUI is of pink crape, draed lo show Urn black net on the left elde and down the back, with a ladder of black moire bowe on the left of the front, and jabots of the crajK) beside the lace panel of the back. A black gau.e fan drawn on pink r.hbous, a blact lace parasol, black silk siooaiugs, and low patent-leather shoes nre worn with this gown aud scarf. Parlslennes carry the use uf black trimmings an colored drosses to the ex treme uf having bine mutton-leg sletivoa added to blue, green ur pink gowns lhat are trimmed wilh black r.bbon and lace. They also Wee much smaller toques than thuse iu vogue here, consisting of a long, slender crown, only two Inches high ill front, and receding toward the back, a hand of etraw forming the low elde, or else it le of shirred laoe, and the open wired crown morely covered with a layer of tullo on which reet vines or clusters of foliage, with one or two dowers placed near the front, or standing high on long eteins that nod befni-n tlie hreexe. The hats chosen here for out-of door entertainmente are as tow aa those just described, but usually have a wlder b. im, p ejecting In front, and tuperlng narrower on lhe side. Harper s Batar. FAQS IN JEWELRY. M,e. rale Bracelets Wilh Hal. ,, Seltlafa anil I'nalle IJiiiitatliiii, So long aa the beauties of a woman's wrist endure, brauulols will he made slid sold, bought and worn and admired. The fancy uf the huur Is a waloh brace let made ol slerllng silver, the band consisting of a suffluienl length of game chain to clasp thu arm. Set in inedall am la the watch case, for which there are jeweled works of French, Knglish j or American inase. ton can Have a hunting or crystal rase, select your own design lo lie applied lo the shell, or tlnd in the cu lection of novel nnd antique decorations something both beautiful, artistic and enduring. The watch is warranted to keep accurate time, and so delicate Is It in construe Hull that no annoyance Is felt lu wearing It, nor Is there any diffleulty iu keeping It balanced. Suggested by the Shnkesperlau bracelet, silversmiths have set lo work making poet bands in white and black ened silver and are ready to fill out orders for any number of quotations The fair buyers make out a list of favorite lines from witty aud wlsu men. which is sent to the jeweler lo lie cut iu silver, eacli selection calling for a brace let Such lines as graduates select for class mottos are ordered by the hundred froverbs. adages and guiding lines uf life have been engraved for school people and presented to the pupils in lieu of medal. Then there are in etock Shelley. Swinburne, Whitman, Utiuar tlue and Hugo bracelets, a cluster of twenty Shakesperlan quotations with reference and a myriad of liibllcal ex tracts with the book, chapter aud verse indicated iiy way of study and wagar and thought, a miscellany of familiar extracts has been brought out in oxl dUed silver which are certain to be popular with young and seutlinuntal ladies, and whioh. If worn, will play an Important part In thu flirtatious by the sea-shoro, at the morning concert and along tho shady lanes. Here are some of the tendor, poetic, thoughtful and suggestive sentences calculated to challenge and captivate or pu.le and please a man: "On fancy's wild and roving wing I sail," "When that my mood Is sad," "Fool, not to know lhat love endures no tie," "Alt love la sweet given or re turned," "The mystery of Iniquity," 1 one-, give us a taste of your quali ty," "My love la as deep as the sea and as pure as Its foam. ' - N. Y. World. m a At the first sign of the searatlon of the bulter from the milk, rinse the sides of the churn and the cover with water at the churning temperature. As soon aa grains of butter aa large as mustard seed, and not larger than ker nels of wheal, appear, stop the uhiirn and reduce the lmeratur to fifty eight degrees or below, by pouring in oold spring or iced water. It is better to let the churn stand fifteen minutes or so, after pouring lu the water, for lhe granules of butter lo harden, as fal cools slowly because a poor conductor of heat. In la calculated that the pope's Jubilee pres ents are worth 130,000,000. The Duke of Buckingham ia contemplating an early visit to tee United Btetea taster Wei lack, lbs actor, owns 300 suite of rlutbaa, and none of them used patching. Mr John Boyle O'Reillj has est oat on a canoeing voyage through the Dismal Hwanip. Balfour never goes anywhere In London without a coo pie of plain clothes detectives ' after bun. It da Rothschild spent 1,000 for towers for a farewell entertainment be gars Nellie IParren recently. Lord Loons spent asou.OOO to harp a rail road from crosainfl the place where kUuhew AJ-aoid la eurta DEATH TO GRASSHOPPERS. Ao Apparatus Whlrli llrlroyi th liiseela ' th Million. Consul Mason, of Marseilles, writes thai the injury to the crops of Algeria bj the grasshoppers last summer was so serious that the liovernmenl has! provided lhe means for their destruc tion which ha lu-cn so successfully used by the F.nglish tanner In Cyprus. , Be -nys: "The apparatus consists of long piece- of sheap OOttM cloth, a yard in width, edged on one side wild a strip of oil-cloth six inches w ide, and each provided wilh strings by which it can he fastened to wooden stakes. When an Invn-ioii of the locusts is announced trencbee art dug at right angles with the dlreoUoa Ol their approach. The stakes are then driven in lines on the side of the trench from which the ap proach is expected and the cloths hung vertically, forming a curtuin for' two to forty-four inches hiirh. i """'K ''""''Iv W the ground, and wilh it, n ..1...1. ...i . Ilie Oll-CIOth MUM illinerinost ll. j I ween these curtains, at intervals of two hundred ftr Ihree hundred yards. I Open spaces arc left I wo yards in width. " The march of the Insects is In solid , phalanx, devouring every thing cat ! able as they go. When I bey reach 1 lhe curtain the grasshoppers climb I readily to lhe point where ihej en counter the oil-cloth, im this than j slip and fall, nnd aflat several hltUo j attempts they attempt lo clear the ob- atrtlOUOn at a juiii. Such aa succeed i fall Into lhe IreBOh on the further side, and finding UMgfronnd barren of food usually make no attempt to go further. The great majority fail lo jump over the curtain ami seek lo cir oumveni it. Thev thus nour tv myriads through the oaiiings. At these points the ditch is made deep and wide and the further slope cov ered with sheets of smooth nine or tin upon which they are unable lo climb. They nre thus caught In masses, beaten lo death with large wooden paddles, and their used for feeding hogs or for manure. In some cases the hogs are turned into the trenches to kill their own prey, but in general lhe work Is done by natives shod with large wooden sabots, with which thai trMUpli the Insects to death. " N Y. Bun, CANADA'S GOVERNMENT. Tha Domini, in napSMrMai Mure Leglila titra Than the Stalhef fhHMlrJri Some person with a tasle for statist ics has been examining the -alary list of the Dominion, and findl that thu small population of Canada pays enor mously to support A cumbersome, offl I'ial maohlne, af which lit more liberal people aist gradually becoming very weary, ll Is often laughingly re marked In Rngland that Canada must have avast deal of legislal ion to at tend to, since she I) nils it necessary to have llfty-six legislators more than the mother OOlintry, and so many de partmental heads tint no Caiiniliau outside of politics can tell their num ber. Tlie Canadian Commons consists of 21,') members, who draw $1,INNI per session, anil thn Senate, which has lit. tie to do except to look wise, has eighty members who inccive I,(HHI edoll annually. The Speakers of each house of the Immensely overpaid Na tional LefUliture receive tx.ooii ah. anally; the Ontario members and Speakers, .',ii,lSH: the Quebec l.ogis. lative Council, Legislature nnd the two Speakers, 7.'i,iHK). Then the country Is saddled with a (iovernor (tcnernl, who receives .V),IMMI an nually and ipeadi as little as possi hie in the country, sending to Knglnnd for even the smallest articles of daily wear and consumption. His chief business seems to bo not to comply with the wishes of the Mople when over he has a chance to show his au- 1 thority, There are also Mail ten any QOvernOrt of Quebec and Ontario and Manitoba, Nova Scotia, New Hrune wick, tho Northwest Territories and Prison Edward Island, each of whom receive a larger salary than Is given' to the Chief Justice of tho Supreme Court of the United Stales. Anil as a ' fringe around this circle of costly officials, many of whom are utterly useless, there Is u small army of paid aldca-dn camp, secretaries, etc., who have abundant perquisites. The Idea of a country like the Dominion hav ing forty --even political 'ministers" Is certainly somewhat absurd. - HosUm Journal Fallacies About Night Air. An extraordinary fallacy la the dread of night air. What air can we hfe.it , i - at night but night air? The choice is bclwVen pure night air from without and foul air from within. Most Mople prefer lhe latter nit un accountable choice. What will they say if it is pro ted to lie true that fully one-half of all the diseases wo sulTer from are occasioned by people Slaeplng with their windows shut. An open window i t nights in lhe year ran never hurl any one. In great cities night air is often the best and puresl to be had in twenty-fnor hours. One could belter understand shuttir.g the windows in towns during lhe day than during the night for the sake of thn slclt. The absence of smoke, the quiet, all tend to make the night air the bes time for airing the patient. Always air your room then, from the outside, if possible. Windows are made to open, doors are made to shut a truth which seems extremely difficult of ap prehension. Kvery room mica las aired from without, every passage from wilbin. -Snnilnry World. Mr Walter flaaant has gone lo ftely to rest, Me is one of tns very hardest working literary men In loniloiu It fis probable that tha president and Mrs. Cleveland will visit Letios thu summer aa well aa tbe Adirondack a A son of Justice Harlan is connected with the law office at Chicago of Mai villa W. ful ler, the saw chief Justice, The honorary degree of LL 0. will bs con ferred upon IVinos Albert Victor by the University of Cambridge The king of Spain ia IS months old, aad has a eatery of II ,000.000, with prospect of a raise as soon as the business will warrant il Sir Joseph Chilly, the well known Cngiiah Judge, was at Oxford ia 1863 captain of the toast boat crew ever known al slthsr university ANTIOUITV OF SHOES. Thshas au Aui' em shoa I antar ef Graal Importance. The further,., i historical search, in regard lo shoe, informs us of some , 0l't of clothing, either of woven mats. slippers or sandals, fur lhe human foot Dating back lo lhe earlinsl u vlli.alion. lashes, thongs, scras. belts and strings were the eo, union fastenings of tha primitive shoes then worn by the easanlryof Kgypt. ulso by the (reeks and Huhraws, while more genlee! styles and ehapes were worn, especially by the ladies, mid also by the rulers of men lu those days. Fifteen hundred years before Christ shoemakiug had become a great and distinct trade under the reign of Thothmes III., and this la the time of lhe flight of the Israelites. Shoes were constructed from a well known vegetable plant called papyrua, which was used by the inhabitants then, not on y for the mnnufactu e of shoes, but for many other purposes, such as ropes, boxes, headgear, boats. lapera. etc. At the above date tha ancient city of Thebes was a great cenler for the mnniifucture of shoes and sandals, straps nud thongs, ami till the appliances then in vogue for the protection and comfort of the feet, when In the Hush of her glory. Instead of going after her enemies as Pharoah went for the Israelites with H char lots, Thebes sent forth an army of OHI wnj' I'liea-tots against her lOCs, but I ambyaes. the blood-thirsty nh Of Cyrus, at (he conquest of l'erala'aub duod lyre and Cyprus, demanded anil received $10.01X1,1X10 as tribute from Thebes, destroyed Its monu ments, its towers and public buildings, broke down its political Influence, and soon its glory aud grandeur began lo depart, while Cam byeee, becoming dissipated, cruel aud tyrannical, died in Syria, while march lug against his foes. In those days the shoemakers of Thebes and the sur rounding cities were in the constant practice of tightening the thread in the sewing of shoes by their teeth. How differently the adjusted needle and shuttle tighten the thread to-day pro pelled by I team 1 In ancient Home the street, were crowded with small stalls on the norneri and in alley-ways, where sandals and shoes were made, ami from script mo accounts lunch attention was then paid lo the adorning of tha feet, especially ladies' feet, hence we read, "How beautiful are thy feet with shoes." Over Kdom w 11 I cast out my shoe " we laara from scripture also, that servants, srare required to un loose the thongs and tntchets from the shoes of their superiors. So from llutli Ifl 7 we learn that a testimonial In srael was to p uck off a shoo and hand to a neighbor, and from these aud many sayings of like nature may have prang lhe custom of throwing worn-out slices 'tfter newly married couples from the marriage ceremony to their future homes; and bore let me suy. If any of the good people, of our city ure minded to search the scriptures sufficiently they will Unit Ihal slavery and servitude wore symlMili.ed by the unloosing of .a ml a Is and shoos from the feet Shoe aud Leather Kevlew. OLD AS THE HILLS. The lirnii-a-Mt'kel.lii-the.alni Machine Nnl a Modern Invention. Tho Bptrltalla, published by Heron III the sixteenth century, contained an exposure of many of tho frauds uf the Kgyntian hierarchy. In this woi-a- will be found a description of a device for the autoni tllc dispensing of the purify ing water by the worshlors on tbeir entrance to the tomp o. liy a strange coincidence live drnchmae were re quired to operate the uppnratui It appears that henthou priests madu water for almnlullon a source of rev enue. The vessel containing lust-al water was not always oieu for publlo use free of charge, but closed, and Ilka a child s money box provided with a slit at tbe lop, through which a certain sum of money was to lie put before the donor could receive any of the purify ing contents. The device Is a very neat specimen of religious Ingenuity; and the more so since it required no attending miniate.- to keep It In play. It consisted of a vase which contained at oue of Its inner sides a cvlindrical vasstil of water. A small I iiImi attached lo the bottom was continued through the sldo of lhe va e, where the liquid was discharged. The inner orlllee of the tub.- was formed into lhe sett of a valve, the plug of which was llxed on the' lower end of the porpendlculnr rod. whose upper end was connected by u butt to Iho horizontal levor or vibrating beam. One end of thia ia spread out into a Hat disk, and so arranged ns (o receive on lie surface every thing dropgieil through the slit. The lever turns on a pin or fulcrum very much Use a pump handle. As lhe weight of tne rod kepi lhe valve closed while nothing rested on the broad end of lhe lever, no liquid could scaM3; but if a nc m her of coins of sufficient weight were dropped through tbe slit In the lid of lhe rasa upon the end of the lever, the valve would then he open and a xirlion of the liquid would escape. Only a small quantity would flow out. for as the lever la-came inclined from lis horl lontal Kisition the plecea of money would slide off into tbe mass accumu lated beio. and the Influx would aa quirklv be -topped I'm, apparatus would then be ready to supply the next customer on the same terms. Thla in teresting apparatus has just been de scribes in the Klectrical World by (he distinguished scientist 1'rnf. K J. Houston, -He knows little of himself, or of the world. hIio does not think it suffi cient happiness lo be free from sorrow; therefore, give a wise man health, and be will give himself every oilier thing. Not withstanding the fact thai be has thirty Physicians and aa many surgeons in bis pal ace, tns emperor of China manages to snjoy fur health. Mr Charles Drury. tha new minister of agriculture ia Ontario, was formerly a Me thtalist preacher, and still exercises test eail asg eeeaasoeatlly 1 H Garrett, of Baltimore, baa bad aaede for bis steam yacht U learn tha smallest piano aver eonatrocted. It ia 47 inches high. 7 laches wide ami V inches dees, Th Prince of Wales has no intention ef visiting America at present, and ae la en sovad al lbs ruasor of bai being about to do tu a .ant oa-i Icjr tha fuka uf HiettarlaaM,