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About The Eugene City guard. (Eugene City, Or.) 1870-1899 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 16, 1886)
MAYA RELICS. lorn Interwtlnf Dlanovarlat Mail la Caa trml Aairrlra unit Mailro. Prof. Desire Charnay, wlmso ex plorations and discivorios among the ' antiquities of Central America and Mexico bave made him anion, ha but recently returned from another visit of exploration to Yucatan. Speaking of bin w rlt there, he said: "Aft t leaving Izamal I went on a journey of exploration, and on the north of Valadolid. in the oriental part of the peninsula, I discovered a new ruined citv, previously entirely un known ami never before visited by any body. It wa call d the City of Kk Balam. w hich mean the City of the Black Tiger. This city gives us an il- ' lustration of the last epoch of civiliza tion among the Indians, which was not known at all and which we were ig noring entirely, an epoch of civilization always the name a the preceding ones -which must have lasted from the year 14X0. or about that, to the time of the arr val of th Spaniards, 1525 to 1527. This city also gives us the proof that all the lost c ties that were seen by the Spaniard were exactly the samo as the cities of the interior, which are still existing, only they were not b'ulfe so strongly. They be longed to the epoch of decad nco, and it w cy to recoTnize and explain. The country was divided at thin time into many small provinces, often so small a to be composed simply Of the cit y occupied by a chief or cacique. Theite iMittv caelum- did not have tho means to build such splendid and dur able e lilices as were in Uxmal, Kabah and ( hiehen. They could only imitate , and measurably reproduce them in meaner proportion nnd in cheaper material, that was very evident There was here no more of those large projecting stone cornices. Those here were small. The friezes here were not decorat"d by carving, but only painted while merely a dead Hat white, in stead of the beautiful bas relief in the richer cities. And instead of sculp tured stone Intel such a are found in mtqy cities, there was here only wood, nut in largo pieces, and often rough an It camo out of tho forest, no. the existence of an epoch of decadence is very evident, and tho disnppoarnnco of those cit es, though mora modern than the ancient ones I have nalnod, is quite natural, becauso they were not so solidly built. "I huvd also found there tho first Maya cemetery that wa ever dis covered by explorers. From my exca vation there 1 have taken, nnd nave already sent home to France, many curious and most interesting things that go far to sustain my theory a to the newness of the civilization there. The most ancient cities probably date from the hlovonth or 1 weUth century. and the last ones wore still being builded at the time of the arrival of the Spaniard. Among tho thing I found in that cemotcry were pottery, axes and utensils of copper and bronzo. and other object of use and adorn ment in stono. X here were also beau tifully made toys,' representing small animals, that were doubtless put into the graves of children. X . Sun. THE KOOTENAI INDIANS'. Contnuti In Morala aail Mannar of Sum ol tha Urltlnh Columbia Ahor'Rlnas. It Is the end of my first Sunday hore. We have just been to tho Indians wor ship. They are Roman Catholics, ! cause I think, they like the picture of the saint, the ceremonies and the priest's oare. Their worship was a surprise to us and an education. Those Kootenai are confessedly tho lowest and filthiest of the fish-eating Indians, but it I a marvel to soo how they riso above nature in worship. No civilized congregation presents such contrasts, The darkened windows of tho painted chapel, the vapor and odorot theim cense, the chants, tho simple core monies and the rapt attention of tho worshipirs materialized for us tho ghost of Chateaubriand. Wo breathed again tho sentimental atmosphere of 'Atala' and 'The Genius of Christi anity." Leon Faucet, the priest is a shrewd and devout rronoh Jesuit. As ho ex pressed it ho has ruled these Indians with a main ne jar. m name, through out this region, Is feared and respected as If it were tho namo or a deml-god. They havo many stories of his miracu lous paalving of arms raised to strike him and of sudden dumbness seizing tongues that dared to profane in his presence III laws form a oodo which penetrates all details of thoir simple lavage lite. Their religion Is a strife and a com prom'se between tho principles of right and thoir savage education, i remem ber at our first encounter, when I bad to treat with them for canoe transpor tation for myself and party, that the negotations lasted from two In tho afternoon until noon the next day. Then they were broken off, and had to be rtnewod from other points of attack, and when at last concluded, the sum agreed for was less than that at first proposed. We thought wo know tho Kootenai river pretty well, but when they let out with us, one in each canoe, Witn twopaddlers, they took us through miles of unknown water-ways, over sluggish bayous and inlet we had never hoard of, finally striking the crooked river again at an angle which had saved league of travel and shortening the Journey by hours. Then wo saw the ustne of their bargain. Wo agreed that we knew of no Christian white man whom we would think capable of such mercantile propriety. Hut on tho outskirts of ono little settlement we passed a moveless figure, an old wom an crouched fjrward, hor arms about her shins, her head between horknoos. She stirred not nor looked as we flitted by her, although an outstretched paddlo would htve touched her. By her side were food and drink. I asked my nearest Indian what she did there! lie grunted in reply a gutteral word which translated means "to die." Those two incidonU suggest the Indian's religion. There are two clans or towns of Indians, tho "I'pper" and tho "Lower" Kootenai, about 475 In all. They have never made a treaty with the United States, and never rcooivod aid from the GovernmeuL Charlet J. Woodbury, in X 1'. 1'osL 1 HEAT WITHOUT FIRE. Ham a Doatoa Profowor Propota to ftohra a Mighty Problem Inventors and experimenters liavs been busy for several years in efforts to devise some practical method of producing heat by lire by chemical action of friction. Such a device would be of great value for heating railroad cars especially for the reason that many frightful accidents from the burning of cars by the heating stoves which they now carry might be oovi ated. A contemporary says: "Of course ,f people could get along with out fire there would be no conflagra tions and no use for insurance com- f tallies. Nevertheless, underwriters will e interested in a recent invention which claims to generate heat without tire, and is said to havo been success fully experimented with in Hooker! Mill, N. II. The inventor is Prof. Webster Willis, of the Boston Institute of Technology, and he describes his 'friction heater1 as simple in contrac tion, consisting only of an iron cylin der, one foot Jong and one foot in di ameter, having a fixed plate of hard ened iron in one end and a second plate attached to a revolving shaft, and pressed lightly or tightly against the fixed plate, a circumstances require. The cylinder Is tilled with water, the shaft revolvcg, and from the friction of the plates the water in an incredibly short time is heated, and by means of pipes can be carried to great distances for heating purposes. The machine haa been in practical opera tion for some months, and it is demon strated that a machine with thirty-six square inches of friction surface will heat a room of ten thousand cubic feet better and quicker than coal, wood or steam can do it, and absolutely without expense, save the wear of the friction plates and the pittance for extra coal under the boiler. By this apparatus there i no danger from fire or explo sion, and wherever there is waste power which can be ntiliz'jd in this way tho heat is obtained for almost nothing. It is claimed that a heater requiring two-horse power to run it will amply heat a room containing fifty thousand cubic feet, the heater costing one bun drud dollars. Of course, time and further experiment will determine how useful the invention will prove practi cally; but thcro are those who-now believo in it, and a company has been organized in Boston with a capital of half a million to manufacture and in troduce the apparatus. For cotton mills, steam cars and a variety of other iiurpotws tho security against hre will bo a great consideration in favor of tho invention." Midland Industrial Uazcttc. . SUSPICIOUS SENATORS. Mllllonalra I.vgiiilator Hrrklng Protection From Crank and HilirineiK. It i curious how suspicious wealthy men become the noment thev enter political life. When they remain in private life they are constantly on tho lookout for chances for money-making. But bring them to Washington and put them into the House or Senato, and they get an idea that once thero they are the target for every schemer in the country, une very weaitny man, wno canto here recently as a Senator, insti tuted a search as soon as he arrived for some man as private secretary who was especially familiar with all the cranks and schemers of all sorts, saying frankly to hi friends that he wanted a man to protect him from schemers of this class, lie had always heretofore proved himself quite competent to take eare of his own business, and had been able to accumulate a magnificent for tune through tho exercise of hi own judgment, but the moment he arrived in Washington to tako position a Senator he concluded he needed a pro tector. Another Senator, who is a million aire, gives verv freely of hi fortune, but i especially careful to ask those who become aware of it to keep tho matter, quiet. Ho recently told tho writer of this correspondence that ho had tried during tho past year to keep hi charities down to one thousand dollars per month. "I would havo succeeded in it, too," ho said with apparent glee, "but for tho fact that I gave ten thousand dol lar extra in a direction that I did not count upon when I begau my year's work in this lino." Another Senator who Is reputed very wealthy Is in a constant state of terror lest ho bo mado tho victim of some sort of speculation. He has been here a long timo trying to screw his courage up to the point of making a certain real-estate investment in the city, but has not been able to make up his mind about it. Meantime others, with much less capital and not half tho oppor tunity to get on tho inside in these transactions, have invosted in the very locality and thousands of dollar have been mado. Tho very piece of crround over w hich he has been hesitating so long lias been sold over and over again within tho past few years and thou sands of dollars realized by thoso who bought and sold it. Meantime he has driven past it frequently, hesitating in the tear that ho was going to permit himself to bo swindled in some way. Waihinyton Cor. Chicago Journal. The Danger Removed. Gamly and his friend aro walking down the street: Camly (pointing to a building I can uow pas that place w ithout feeling anxious. Friend-Why, have you paid the fel low who keep tlwreP " (iaiuly No. Friend Then why are vou so brave? Gamly Because no's dead. Arlnin- $aw 1'rM'tlcr. "Gentlemen of the Jury, there is till another extenuating circumstance in favor of my client Ho broke onen a burglar proof safe, a masterpiece " of Gorman workmanship, valued by ex pert at two 'thousand five hundred marks, and this client of mine con tented himself with the one hundred and twenty marks which he found in side and left the, valuable safe to the owner." Flitgtndt Mailer. GROWTH OF DETROIT. an Amarlcan City Which baa Changrrt Mi Nationality Thrra Tlinao. Detroit is one of the oldest cities on this continent Before Hendr k Hud ton set foot on the island of Manhat tan, and while Henry IV. still sat on tho throne of France, the Huron pointed out the site whereon it is hu'.it to Champlain, the founder of QucUc, as the natural gate-way to "the va t seas of sweet water," and then wa born in the brain of the great French navigator the dream of a "New France," which should extend from tho Atlantic to the Paoilic, and have Quebec and Detroit as its eastern and western fort resses. This dream was inherited by the French monarch; but it was not unt I ninety years later that one of th.-m at tempted to make it a reality. . Then Lou s XIV. commissioned tho Sienr Antoine do la Mothe Cadillac, who from 1UU4 to 1699 had been in command at Mackinaw, to found at Detroit a settle ment and erect there a fort to hold the region of the Great Lakes for the French Government Th 8 was done; and Detroit, under the successive roigns of Henry IV., Louis XJU., XIV. and XV. was for nearly sixty years French town a bit of "sunny France" hidden away in the heart of the western wilderness; and such it might have re mained to this day had not Woife, ono dark n ght in September. 170, sealed tho heights of Quebec, and on the Pla ns of Abraham changid the fate of North America. Tho surrender of Detro t soon followed the onqucst of Quebec; and then it beeatno an hngll-n town, and the western headquarters of tho British power in America. It so re mained me extreme outposi oi nest em civilization until July 11, 17UG, when, in pursuance of the peaco of 17N3, it was quietly transferred to me United States. Ihus wo see that 1 Jo troit has had a unique history. Three times has it changed its nationality, and with each change assumed totally differ ent characteristics. At first it was French, then English and last of all Amer can, and in the present town may be seen a curious blending of the tra t of these var.ous people. The old French habitant and the courtly English resident havo long slumbered in their graves, but the closo observer will detect that their spirits still walk abroad, and promonade its street arm in arm with tho irrepress bio iank.ee, who, in his seven-league boots, is now striding across tho continent. BrotlijL Jonathan has every where the aslonit-n- ing energy which, in well-n'gh a single day, raised Chicago from its ashes; but hore he has been held in check by those old wortha a. who have now and then whispered in his ear the fable of tho hare and the tortoise. This accounts for the fact that Detroit is to-day a cu rious compound of modern progress and old-time consorvat m -a city of vat enterprises, but enterprise based on a broad, substantial and enduring basis. In the summer of 182;" cannon plant d at intervals along tho line of the Erie i anal, all the way from Albany to Buffalo, announced that Clinton's great work was completed, and the West married to the East by a bond that is indissoluble. Jts gates were no sooner opened than a t de of emigration set through t'icm westward. Soon all over New England and Eastern New York whole families, and in some 'instance wholo hamlets, were on tha niovo, and such an exodus follow e I as never was seen except when tho Isr; e'itcs came up out of Egypt, and the Kalmucks fled across tho steppe of As a. At ono t mo it soo nnd that rural New England would bo depopulated. Its best and youngest blood joined in the exodus; and t th fact may be traced tho high character ifnd wonderful enterprise of the West of to-day. Tho first wave restod for awhilo in Western New York, and then the gathering title swo t gradually westward along the lakes nnd the Oh o, and finally, in 18:10, it touched the shores of Miohigan. Then for tho first time Detroit became in real ity an American town. In tho beginning of 1830 Detroit num bered 2,222 people; that is, it stood pre cisely where it was in 1805; and this during a quarter of a century when the population of the country generally had increase! in a ratio altogethor unparal leled in history. But now the old town began to fo d tho goneral impetus. It increased fourfold in the next ten years; and thus it has gone on ever since, doubling about every decade, till now it numbers, with its suburbs, fully 200,000 souls. Tho slow-paced conservatism of its old-time residents is still seen in tho modern city; but it is now so wedded to Yankee enterprise that we meet here an almost ideal community, safe, but pro gressive, not engrossed in mere money getting, bnt cultivating as well the so cial amenities of life, and extracting from existence, as it passes, a healthful and rational enjoyment In proportion to its size, Detroit has a smaller foreiern population that any city in tho Un on, ann as mo nunc or Its people are of Eastern b'rth or extract'on. it is to day more truly New England in character than the good town of Boston itftelf. In no sense is it a Western town. In 1880 the numerical center of the Union was found to bo fiftv-eight mile west of Cincinnati. With the speed at which population Is now traveling westward, lh troit will soon bo tho central citv of the country. Edmund Kirke, in liar- ptr't Magazine. William Evans, a Columbus (OA pugilist struck Miss Lou Sanders, Mnd when arrested said he guessed he was gu It y. "You guess you are guilty?" said tho mavor. "Yo j're a coward and a brute, ami I'm going to give you the full penalty." Tho mayor was much disappointed to find that he could im pose only a twenty dollar fine and ten days' imprisonment. He gave him that and said: ''You'll servo this out, as no influence on earth can secure your re lease, and when vou get out you've got to leave the city." Toledo li:ade. A young man who had grown np within five mile of Johnson City, Tenn., without ever seeing the town, "visited it recently. After returning home he was asked what wa tho bipcrest thino- hn there, and replied: "I sj.m! a whole lot oi ioi ows with red cluus a straekin at a ball." X. O. Picajunt, FREEDOM OF THE TOWN. How It Waa Conferred fpon Foil'nrr' In Uaya Oona Hy. In a recent historical address at Gor ham, Me., Rev. Blijah Kellogg, speak ing of his ancestors who were among the early settlers of that town, men tioned an old usago of colonial times, "It was the custom," he said, "to warn persons out of town unless they had real estate or had such a character as rendered them useful members of society." Allusion to this practice i frequent in our early history, and no doubt many readers are familiar with the characteristic story of the Puritan, who, upon receiving the formal request to relieve the town of any liability for his support, turned to his wife ana said: "Come, Abigail, lei us be going. 1 he town is so poor that it was over populated by the first settler." This warning a new-comer out of town was commonly a mere matter of form. If a settler remained after this warning the town could not be made chargeable with his support in case tie became a pauper. In those days it was customary to elect men "free men of the town ' in town meeting.. Originally the govern ment of the town was in the hands of proprietors only, the plan was to admit new citizens by voting them the "free dom of the town. Since colonial times this vote ha been simply a com pliment rarely paid to a distinguished visitor, who is thereby made the publib guest, rather than a citizen. This usage was brought from Eng land, where it had prevailed from a time so distant that the memory oj man runs not to the contrary. The munici pal records of London contain frequent mention of it. In 1305 four men were deprived of tho freedom of thicity be cause thev rented land outside the citv limits, ifo record will be fount! of ad mission to the freedom of the city, for this was entered upon the rolls of Guildhall. In 1326, "for avoidingcertain perils," it was ordained to the effect that nil alien merchants who had been admitted to the freedom of the city should be wholly removed from the same. "It was expressly ordained that from thenceforth no alien should under any circumstances bo admitted to the free dom of the said city, save only at tho Hustings of London, and by the assent of the commonalty, and upon the suffi cient security of six rcputablo men of the trade which such person should have followed, and should intend to follow." It will be observed that during those times admission to the freedom of the city involved admission to some guild, or craft, which the freeman was re quired to follow, and that in any other employment he could not engage. An entry mado upon the record in 1413 is suggestive on many points. "Bo it remembered that on the first day of December, in the first year of Henry V., by the Wardens and good folks of the trade of Cutlers of the City of London, information was given nnto the Mayor, Aldermen, and Chamber lain, of the samecity, that one William Wysman, of Waltham,- in the County of" Essex, a foreigner, had been ad mitted to the freedom of the said city folks of the trade of coursers, as one who followed their calling; whereas the said William was at that time of the craft of the Cutlers, and not of the said trade of coursers." It is enough to say that William con fessed that he had gained the freedom of the city deceitfully. For this "it was awarded that such admission to the freedom should be held as null, and that he should pay for his wares and merchandises from thenceforth custom and all other things, tho same a one who is a foreigner, and enjoys no freedom of the said city." The reader will observe that Wys man, coming from Waltham, not more than twenty miles from London, wns a "foreigner." This does not mean that he was alien to the realm, but simply that ho was not a freeman, though he may have been ono at Waltham. It also appears that after ho was de prived of the freedom of the city, he could remain and follow the calling of "courser" (jockey), only ho would havo to pay "customs and all other things, the same as ono who is a for eigner" that is, just the same as he would have to pay had he come from Waltham, and not been admitted free man. This gives an idea of how many of our custom dues originated, and of the broader and more generous views that are now taken of citizenship. Youth' t Companion. A WHISTLING GIRL. How a Chicago Uarnnet Entartalnrd tha Patroni of a Strert-Car Company. Chicago has one thing that in a long and varied experience I have never en countered elsewhere a girl that whistles in the street cars. One day last week I boarded a Wabash avenue cable car, and had scarcely taken a seat when a girl about eighteen or twenty years of ago got on. She was a nice enough looking girl (Chicago women are seldom pretty), with good complexion and trim figure. She sat down and no one paid any attention to her, nntil all at once she besran whistling like a blackbird or bootblack. She treated tho astonished and amused passenger to selections from "the Mikado." "Black Hussar" and "Nanon," and when I left the car she was just starting in on "Hear Me, Norma." Now 1 have often seen and longed to throttle the male streetcar whistler, but this wa my first experi ence with the female of that ilk. and from the looks of mingled consterna tion and amusement on the faces of the other passengers, I judge she wa new to all of us. Mie whistled awav. seemingly unconscious of tho fact that she was creating a sensation. I say see seemed unconscious of it but don t believe she was so. I believe she wanted to show off her accomplish ments, and really her whistling amounted to an accomplishment Chicago lor. Atlanta Constitution. A Burlington youth obtained a young lady's band in rather an unfair manner. !he was trying to climb up a ledge at a picnic when he asked her for it Frte trt. NORWEGIAN FLADBROD. ubttltatloa of Imllilbla Bark for Bya or WHeat Flour. Mot traveler in Norway have prob ably had more than sufficient oppor tunities of becoming acquainted with the so-called "Fladbrod," flat bread, of tho country. Few. however, among them who have partaken of this dry and insipid food n ay possibly bo awaro that in many districts, more especially in Hardanger, the chief ingredient In it comooiition is tho bark of trees. This substitution of an Indigestible product for bona tide Hour I not nec essarily a prool OI mo scarcity oi co reals, but Is to be ascribed rather to an opinion prevalent among the peasant women that tho bark of young pine branches, or twigs of the elm aro capa ble of being made into a thinner paste than unadulterated barley or rye-monl. of which the Norse housewife, who prides herself on the lightness of her "riaaorod, puts in oniy enuugu mj make tho compound noiu togeiner. The absence of any nutritive prop erty in bark bread, whether made with elm or pine Darn, and ine positive m iurv it may do the digestive organs, has of late attracted much notice among Norwegian physiologists, and the editor of Xa'uren, with a view of calling ine attention of the publio to the subjoct, has. with the author's permission, re printed some remarks by Dr. Schubeler on the h'story and character of the bark bread of ncandinavia. rrora :tu source we learn that the oldest refer ence to the use of bark bread in Nor way occurs in a poem, ascribed to tho Skaid Sighvat, who lived in the first half of tho eleventh century. In the year 1300 tho annals of Gothland record a season of dearth in which men were forced to eat tho bark and leaf-bud of trees, while then, and during the latter periods of the middle ag'S, the frequent famine oi tno crops in an parts oi acan dinavia led to the systematic use of tho bone and roe of fishes, as well as the bark of trees as a substitute for genuine flour, and so extensively was the latter substance used that Pastor Herman lingo, who, in 1762, wrote a treatiso on the preservation of woods, has drawn attention to ttie almost complete u.sap pearanco of tha elm in tho Bohu dis trict, which ho ascribes to tho univer sal practice in bygone times of stripping the bark for the preparation of bread. In Nordland and F'inniurk the root of Strulhiopteris gennanica and othur ferns, as well as tho leaves of various species of Runux, have been largely used with barley-meal in making ordi nary bread as well a "Fladbrod. 1 In Finland the national "pettuleipa"(bark bread), which was in former time al most the only breadstuff of the coun try, still ranks as an ordinary article of food in Tvajana and in the forest re gions of Oesterbotten and Ta vast land Here it is usually mado of the inner layers of the pine bark, round to a meal, which is mixed with a small quantity of rye flour to give the requi site tenacity "to the dough. Therin- lander of an older generation showed marvelous ingenuity in composing breads tuffs in which scarcely a trace of any cereal could be detected in the mixture of bark, berries, reeds, bulbs and roots of wild plants, which they seem to have accepted as a perfectly legitimate substitute for corn bread. In tho interior of Sweden, according to Prof. Save, the best bread of the peas ants consisted till the middle of this cen tury of peas, oa's and barley-meal in equal proport on, while in the ordi nary iiaily bread tho husks, chaff and spikes of the oats were all ground down together. In bad season even this was unattainable by the Dalekar lian laborer, who had to content him self with pino-bark bread. -Nature. FALSE TEETH. How an EnglUh Doctor Astonished tha Chief of One of tha Solomon Inlan J. Ignorance is tho mother of devotion. and. not unfrequently. of scepticism. "Now, I know that you are a liar," answered tho King of Siatn to tho En glish traveler who had told him that in England water becamo so hard that an elephant could stand on it The King disbelieved becauso he knew nothing of ico. Old Takkl, a chiof of one of the Sol omon Island, was once visited by sev eral Englishmen. Among them was a doctor who had a complete set of false teeth, which camo out and slipped in their places again at tho most unex pected moments. Occasionally they would appear on his plate at dinnor. Old TakVi and hia men were gathered about tho white men, when one of the Englishmen said: 'Doctor, take out your teeth and show them to the natives." A tin cup full of water was handed him and the doctor, assuming a tierce grin which awed the savages, gave his jaws a twist and out came hi teeth, top and bottom, and dropped in the mug. The islanders screamed with as tonishment The doctor had to stand with hi mouth open, while they satis fied themselves that he was toothless. "I am an old man," said Takki, much calmer than his people, "and'I am thankful that I have lived to see this day."- The farao of the doctor's exploit trav eled through the islands, and for sev eral year he was renumbered as the lute man who could ship and unship nis teeth. 1 outi s Companion. Once in a while soma man has courago enough to marry a Vassar graduate; but as a rule tho girls don't step off very well. Out of nearly 703 graduates only about 200 havo been drawn in the nuptial noose. The full blown buds have taken up various call ings. ( There are 17 phyicians, 2 or gamsts, 10 book-keepers, 5 chemist, 15 school principals, 2 farmers, 1 cen sus clerk. 2 insurance ncrpnta 9:til teachers, 6 artisU, 1 law "clerk. 5 li- oranans. 1 copyist 12 rausio teachers, 3 astronomical assistants, 2 journal ists, 3 gymnastic teachers. 2 mission aries, 3 public readers and 4 author. iroy j lines. nuuiau wriu aooui vt alia Walla, W. T., trying to sell her hair for a switch. She had it already cut uimuic w cua'i a sate. She claimed to be on the verge of starva- VENERABLE HEI0ELb Tha Kartleat Dy, of . K.tabll,h.dnI3K Although no tatelyblinili in ruin, exist to spuak to Ul A early year of He dcUrg', there happily remains one n st 11 enjoying full vigor, anj ing this present 8u,imit)r , re live hundredth anniversary 0f i dation hy Conrad's descend '' Count Palatine Riiprechrft1 tho university, h, ry, but niJi eternal youth, mrdly utk ' could bo painted the plotm. Z moral and ment il neud 0f th, h all western Kuronn. ....... birth of the first univers tie, !i" t that of Heidelberg wa amonl liest. - ""Preeht'rC1 I..1.I horn filloil iirifl. 4...: ml: ."v- ..., mine, ' onnnMcts. but thn nli! ,.. ti foresaw the advantage hU latij p1 derive from this more enilurin and although bo wroto with M it in rv! - a ii iiii.irur in.i . mother tongue; I am untaught i' norant of all learning," still heiij utmost to make prosperous hit t university. He gave strict eotT that no violonce should be dot, studonts in traveling to and froBi delbcrg, a great boon in those In days. Besides, ho ma le the y tion absolutely free to n,.: '' ment upon ami punish its o I ' bers, and declared it to be In . 'i subject' to civil authority, t f.f which German universities hre,k'f great extent, preserved to the day. A rich dowry in lands Ki sources of income was given It J university. Tho university had; faculties, which conferred the dii degrees of bachelor, master and i f tiate, and on October 18, 1386, ii solemnly opened with mass iM by all the slu lent. The first! was Ma."8ilius von Inghen from h-r where Kuprecht had found the pt. for all that had concerned oM institution, even to the fashion oli to be worn by tho professon. ; very hours were fixed when the lw men called from afar should hold f- but they were forbidden to fill up tJ wnoiu lime wiui iiieiyingttktt.i some chance being thus wisely affe'. for the breath of free academic Ei While inheriting a developed om izution like that of the church, m as its affection for ranks and dep, far greater simplicity and Jim ut ruled in the university In all that (4 cerned material needs. I he prof were satisfied with from one to groschen (about 2 '20 cents) for course of lectures, according to 3 luncrtli mill rim rtisnntntinns tuiittk guuion ($1.50) annually, a iuik large sum for those days. Fifty p) den a year (2.i.00) wm i fc salary but for traveling three aw in Italy on university business 1 prut sor received only an additional thin; nin3 gulden ($ 1'J.oO), a inod.it wo it CU, nUUMI Ulll lu uui uivunu wi.: 1 I. r. rm , n ninrljni til... even on tne oasis mai montj r-j twenty Limes its presont value. IF the prosperity of the institutioil library was most essential, nut wtz in our d y, a private man rasyhavtlN thousand of books, a priceless itf h .-to of knowledge, in BuwecbrW j a library of sixty volumeswMConv very large, in fact well-nigh beihsid ible. As, oeiore ine jnreuuon Drintinp-. the store of leanrat confined to rare and pcrishabl tt scripts, on each of which a smifej tune was expended, Kuprecm importance of protecting uea.m manuscripts, paper and parcnm and so he granted them the saraepr.' leges that he had given to the univtr itself. How Rtrangba contrast to ! course in these matters, and howt.i a picture of those wild days, was frf position taken by this Prince mf gard to the robberies then prevail ! In these he a1 openly.for he kept active two fortif robbers' nests, not far from Speier, on tho great road to norms, am. 1. I, mtu nnesincr to aild from far East, with costly wares, neaN i forest, thev were fallen upon an' goods seized to replenish the rr treasury. Century Magazine. CHRISTIAN MEEKNESS. How a Unitarian Mlslonry Ml ""if. Devoted Friend. 1 ofnTO ia r'tt nf tha Utfl R " 1 Dull, the Unitarian missionary to H dia, which illustrates how he cans,: Christian precepts into prHi Wiien ho went to Baltimore 1 preacher he took a house where t i-tiinitv for a and, being fond of flowers, he much leisure time to tho cultiaW" the little spot A woman nv ' door who. for some reason, conea an intense dislike for her neigbboN- missod no opportunity to annoj iavki-iniv nfhaa t k n era UflA thrr.arrno- rpf.lHH over the fence f Mr. Dall's garden, greatly to if; ment despite his repeated pr tions. couched in the friendliest , Mr. Dall's warden, however, nou.- and finally Tjlossomed. Gather.": first flowers, which were ccr' f hoaiiHful tho minUtir made t went to his neighbor's door m for the lady. She came wita w Lshed scowl, but when he. with?' I,, ctntla ovlnmlnrl lit h:lDM n rf. a hniviviniv hur rn HI'I t I" " . ( ,tlV IUG " products of his garden, she j aback. After that sno was - t Dall's most devoted frisnds. fost. Number of Hairs in a He unrf AU CUIIUVIH VH HiiiH. - lilt? Ull'JI IIHJU3 ifaiw , r J' ' number of hairs in heads of four ' ent colors. In a blondo he w 400 hairs; in a brown, WJ . , . i ! H one. DiacK, 1U2, yoz, anu in k if ,- .liv What the rod anu wanted in number of hairs "' up. However, in xne Krvl11 ,, ,h-1 hairs individually, and in all pro ' , tKa clna nil nrettV . t,! fineness nd tiplicity of hairs that blo"!?f ! owe the rich color and silk"" t nt iv 1 1 1 x ii ia tiv inu ..-- ter of their flow, a circum -artists have so loved to dwell i Chicago Tribune. tl... . tr.tven CUnI . .rn MrM IMC iii-i"- Kansas which have mau" their boundaries. - v J ... vn.'S I