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About The Eugene City guard. (Eugene City, Or.) 1870-1899 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 24, 1885)
' GERM3 OF DISEASE. The DlOVreut Method of Tholr MuHlp1l cation Life in th:s world is, as it wero, a balancing seesaw between different or nanisms, in which each helps (he rest a cyclo of actions which are to a cer tain extent dopondont on each other. The molecules of the grain of wheal in purt help to construct iho muscle cells iu a man's arm, and in part fur nwh fuel for motive power to these cells, while the excrete! products ol these cells in the form of carbonic acid, urea, etc., and finally the products of decomposition of these cells, may go to construct a new pram of wheat Dtit to enable- the vegotable to make . aso of tlio animal cell as food, the lat ter mast bo split up into simpler combi nation, and this is effected by micro organisms of various kinds. Tho great niajo ity of these minute beings are harmless to man so long as they are coniined to his skin and alimcutarj canal; In fact, every one carries m IIioih . of them on and within himself, and it is doubtful whether ho could properly digest his food without tlio.r help. .; There are, however, somo forms ot : these little granules and rods, or micro cocci aud bacteria, which are not so tn- . nocent and harmlo-s, but which, on the contrary, produce disease and death in many of those to whose systems the gain admittance. . ., , Somo of these disease gorms multipl only within the bodies of living animals, so, for instance, these which give ris to small-pox and scarlet fever; they re tain their vitality for a time when thrown olfin excretions; but they do not in crease iu uumber until they gain ac cess to living tissues, and henoj the dis eases whioh they cause are propagated by contagion only.. Other disease germs multiply, so far as we know, almost exclusively outside the living body, and produce thoir effects on man not by growing within him, but by poi soning him with thoir products, as com mon yeast may bo said to be the cause of delirium tremens through the agency of the alcohol which it produces. Ma laria Is a type of this class. A third kind multiply both within and without tho living body, and somo of mese appear to especially multiply and flourish in human exerota. As yet we Know very nuio ol tlio lifo history of those disease germs, or as to how they I. . 1 . .. I rv.. . i . - . jxtmui-u muir euui'ia; wo are noieven i pertain as to whether they aro distinct .separate species or whether thoy may not oe some oi me common micro organisms which by over-feeding or otherwise nave becomo abnormal, ml croseotiio monsters as it wero, produc ing evil Junto id of good. What wo do know is that a vorv mi Bute quantity of excreta from a case of cholera or typhoid fever mav, whon introduced into the alimentary canal of a healthy person, produco, in that person disease similar to the ouo from which tho goini originally came; and we also have good reason to bo lie vo that If a few such germs fall Into a muss of excreta, ns In a cess-pool, thov ' may under pertain conditions multiply very rapidly and rondor the whole mass of tilth infectious; so that any portion of it will be capable of conveying tho disease Their aotlon is olosoly analogous to that of yeast, and tha diseases which aro supposed to bo duo to such action nro known as tho xy motto or ferment diseases.' Honoa coinos one great danger of rotaiuingor storing iu the vicinity of 'human habitations quantities of organio matter stii able for the nourishment of ' such organisms, for tho channels through which such collections may become dangerously inoculated arj so tiuinoi'oiiH and, iu tho present state of our knowledge so impossiblo to guard against, that casks of powder or cases of dynamite would bo roally safer neighbors. Sewage is not only a source of dan ger in this way, but also, through tho products of its decomposition. Tho most important of these in tli's connoo tion are the gasos and ollluvla evolved . in putrefaelion, such as hydrogen sul phide, ammonium sulphide, carbon dioxide, and certain organic vapors of very complex constitution, ehiolly char acterized by unpleasant odors. When concentrated, as in old cess pools or vaults, thost may produuo suffocation and almost Immediate death, or great prostration, violent vomiting and purging, convulsions and death iu from one to two days. Iho circumstances are rare which produce such effects as t'teso; usually the gases nro greatly diluted before being breathed, and the effects nro loss marked. Constant exposure to such air Im pairs ho ilth gradually, but distinctly. especially in infants and children, tho symptoms produced being loss of appe tite, languor, sliglit headaches, etc. J. iS. Lutings, M. v., n Jlarjcrn Jdag mint. i A Fastidious Colored Lady. Mrs. Judge. Peterby, of Austin, cm- ploys a colored cook named Matilda Snowball, who is a great favorite with tho sterner sex, but who is vory high toned, nevertheless. "Who was that horrid-looking negro I saw prowling about tho back yard?" asked Mrs. Fotorbv, indignantly. "Dat's a feller 1 koops company wid An urnnlr.,t,iva " "On week-days?" "Yes, mum; yor don't a'poso I'd bo seen wid sich a bandy-legged, goggle eyed moke like him on Sundays, does yer? Yer orter see do cullud gemman I keeps company wid on Sundays. You'd be s'prLsod, yer would." Texat SiHngs. At Woolwich, Eng., a few davs go experiments wero made with the object of testing tho feasibility of pho- logmpmng uio interior ol guns, by means of tho eleetrlo light, so its to de toct any Haws, The subjects of tho test woro two eight-Inch muwlo-londing f;uns. The lght was introduced a few aches within tho mu.le, and reflected, by way of a mirror, down the bore, the photograph being taken at tho breech end. Tho cxiwrlmcufr was fairly satis factory. ' , 0 The potato, introduced in England in IGOi), was first eaten as a sweetmeat, (tewed in sackwine and sugar. MARSHALL'S DISCOVERY. An Acoonnt at tlio Finding-of Gold In Cat ir.iralit. I see a notice of the death of James W. Marshall, who discovered gold in California. I became acquainted with Marshall, at Coloma, Cnliforn:a. I knew him intimately, and was associ ated with him in business at that place, which is on the south fork of the Amer ican River. Marshall was a native of New Jersey. Gold was discovered in February, 1813, by Marshall and an other man namoJ Werner. I have for gotten Wicmor's first nam:). Marshall aud Weimer built for Colonel Sutter a Saw mill at Colore a, and had fin'shed it in February. 1818. I am a stockholder In a company which now owns that saw mill. Tho mill had been erectetat the head of a bar whero the river bends around it in the form of the letter U. Tho mill raeo had been cut throigh tlio bar, and when the mill was started it was found that tho race was to shal low, Bnd for this reason . wheel of Iho mill was partially under water. The water was shut oil, and Mar-hall and Weiirer went down into tho raeo to ascertain whero it was to h dug deep pr. A point about lifty yards below the mill, they conelu led was the place when obstructed th How of wn:er. Here Marshall sad to Weimer: "What is that which shines just lit the too of your boot?" Weimer then pick ?d up tho shining piece,' ami they both thought it a piece of brass. Th 'y begn to conjecture how it was possible foi a iiioeo of brass to get into tho race, rom tho fact that no brass had been used in tho construction of tho mill, and that tho pieco found had been worn smooth, they concluded that it was not brass, and might bo gold. 0:i that day Mrs. Weimer was making soap, and for this purpose had made ljo by leading wood ashes. To test tho metal found Mrs. Weimer boiled it several hours in this lye. and when she removed it from the lyo it was as black as iik. These facts were slated to me by Marshall, Weimer, and Mrs. Weimer. I went with Marshall to Woimer's house to see tho lirst piece of gold found in Cal ifornia, and then and the.-e tlio whole history of tho discover)- was talked over by all three of the persons who partici pated in tho discovery. Mrs. Weimer then showed the pioco of gold. Its weight was $7, or, the value of tho ounce being $1(5, in . other words, H penny weights, ine lorm of tlio pieco was tn at, oi a long, irregular pumpkin seed. It was still black as when taken out of the lye, except at one end, whero tho incrustation formed by tho lyo had noon removed. This discovery wasmado In February, 1843. llio day 1 do not remember. As soon as this lyo test had been. made Marshall and Weimer wo it into the mill raco and with wooden bowls washed out somo two or three ounces of gold. and Marshall carried it to Monterey to ascertain if it wero gold. This was tho nearest plaeo where tho means to make tlio test could bo had. Colonel Sutter resided at his fort, near what Is now tho city of Sacramento. Ho was a Sw'bs and a classmate of Napoleon III. One evening, when going .down tho Sacromcnto River in a steamboat, Colonel Sutler told mo the story of Marshall s return from Monterey, Colonel Suttor said: "I was in bed, and It was about two o'clock nt night. I hoard somo ono rido up to tho fort, tho Dorse running nt the top of his speed. Thon a bang ng at tho gate; tiien 1 heard the clunk of the spurs oil the brick floors of the fort; then a pounding nt tlio itoor of my room, and when 1 opened tho door iu rushed Marshall, shouting: "It's gold! it's gold!" At the time Mar-hall and Weimer built the mill nt Coloma the labor used was In linn labor. There were no other white men besides Marshall and Woimcr. Marshall was unmarried and had no children. I think Weimer had, but do not. d slinetly remember. Whon Marshall returned fron Mon terey to Coloma ho brought with him nliout S)0 Indians, and took to Webber Creek, distant about six miles from Co loma. There with hislnd ins lie washed out a largo amount of gold. His part was Hullloiont-to buy from Suiter the saw mill at Coloma. In Wi Marshall and Joim Winter owned tho mill to- getlier. Hot-l. tlier. nn 1 they also owned Winter's They gold the lumber at $'( a thousand, nnd the demand was greater than the mill could supply. I paid at tlio hotel $100 a week board, witlio it a room. Marshall was then worth more than $10:1,000, but his generosity w.u without limit. Ho gave to nil v!io asked of him. lie had no busim qualiticat'ons, nnd when sharp hii.s;n-a men camo in and built up the little town of Coloma. Marshall was soon traded out of nil his property. li s money he had lent where it would never bo re turned or had been given away. Then Marshall became a prospector lor goiu mines, fovoral t.mes 1 litted him out with mules, men and provisions to go prospecting. Ho knew tho coun try better than any other man at that tlmo, and led the way ti manv rich plaoer mines; but ho never found any that were rich enough for him. Often has ho left mines whero he could take out six or seven ounces per day to each man to seek nn Kl Eorado where Inin- ureus oi mou a-ius could oo niaaa in a week. Sinco 18.52 I have known nothing of Marshall, but I concur in tho opinion that it is a disgrace to tho Stato of Cal -fornia that she has sulTered Marshall to dio iu want. To Sutter lirst and Mar shall next Is California most indebted. Utury Cm Gardiner, in S. Y. Sun. Lace Dresses. Gauze and lace dresses have two waists provided for them, one of which is of laco or gauie, aud the otherof vel vet Whito and pale pink velvet cor- ages with white lace skirts aro elegant to lettes for watering-places. Shot vel vet in such colors as brown with green or red with blue is the novelty for dark corsage worn with light canvas skirts. The trimming on tho skirt is rows of velvet ribbou sewed on the canvas flounces before they are pleated. Pla'd and striped relvots and those dotted over with small metallic balls like beads of gold or lead are worn as jackets with various 1'ght fabrics for skirta. Zfor r' Baiar. KEEP YOUR TEMPER. fhota Who Control TlimilT- t.lknlr In Mr Lung r nd Dfenma 1' 0 It sljr 111" pier. t According to the observation cf many men, the results being preserve by statistics, those individuals live th longost and reach the greatest success! besidos being infinitely happier, wh keep control of themselves and do not fly off into tempers. It is impossiblo to go through life, or even a single day of it, without meeting pcrplcxllio3 and annoyance, as everybody knows, but they are far mora ea-ily dealt with, if looked coolly in tho face without ex citement, than when irritatioi is al lowed to pass into anger and its ac companiments. It is easy enough to sea why tho pos sessor ot a quiet, calm, o.piablu lorn, poramont lives longer than tho hasty, passionate one. Inero H no su h ten sion on the vital organs as a lit of angor induces. The blood is ssnt rush ins madly through the veins, beatin upon the heart iu a tnmul o is invasion and straining its powers to tho utmost to resist tho strain, nnd this often when tho system is least title J for endur ance, i mo processes ol lite proceed quietiy day nfl'T day, through tho years, ami tho body is kopt in good order save Irora the natural wear. It is just like machinery which runs smoothly, and will last many years, if unexpacted demands aro not mad) on it, but which is liable to give out suddenly when called without preparation to bear unusual burdens. People who fly into a passion often defeat their most cherished purposes, An angry man is always at a disad vantag.) with nn opponent. He forget what lie should remember, tails to see an advantage, says what he should have left unsaid, and omiis what is of valid importance. Ho will bo made to appear in tho wrong when ho is really in the right. It is not impossible for one who easily loses self-control to win success in life, but he will not reach the hi"het measure, and what ho does gain will bo from a combination of for tunate circumstances, or because ho has far more than ordinary ability, 1'erhaps no bettor cxaniplo can b given of a man who always possesses himself than ueneral (.rant. Ills cool steadiness has passed into an - axiom with tho Nation. Ho never showed excitoment. even when it would seem natural and excusable and he never failed to come out the victor. It is so in overy portion in lifo. There is something in that quiot steadiness which holds tho lash of solf-pos-ossion. that influences others, nnd compels thorn to yield, no matter how hotly they have contested a disputed point, tveryuodv knows how hard lawyers work, how deftly they ply an opposing witness with ir ritating nnoslions. in order to arouse bis angor and make him st illify him self. That the individual who can hold his tempor is the happier for doingso. goes without saving. There is nothing whioh humiliates a self-respecting man or woman so much as tho conscious ness of having lost solf-control. and be ing thoro'oro placed in a position to attract ridiculo or disgust The very consciousness of self-mastcy i'es pleasure and thero is not the co iti ual state of hittor penitence for having been unkind or unjust to bo endured, Tho physical, montal and moral being is in nn inlinitely bettor condition.! Of course there is such a thing as righteous indignation, but evert that should not be ungovernable. Vo.'c lo lllaly. ESPINOSILLA. A I'lant Which Slight ',o a J,,jr to 1'ntent Mrrt.clns Mxn. lie The cspinosilla, or thorn plant, says Monarch al Oropoza, a well known Mexican naturalist, is a native of Mcxi'o, and abounds in va rious parts of tho Republics, prin cipally near this capital, at San Angel, Tcxcoco, Santa Fc, etc. It is cno of those beautiful wild plants which adorn tho plaint of Mexico, and is found par ticularly in cold, dry spots. It has boen thus christen h1 because in touching it a sensation is felt similar to that which a plant covered with thorns would pro duce. Tho Aztl s lacking soap so nocctsarv to their health and nappme s found its substitute in the espinosilla. They agitated a bough in vater ant it pro duced a lather, with which thiv wash ed, using the plant as a scrub brush, Even to-day it is used by women as hair preservative having cxtrnordiuary powors in that direction, says the 7Vo Jicimliltci. tint us most useful appli cations is as a medicinal ngont to light fevers, as It is an excellent diapho retic. Its ancient name is beautiful. ITolt- r.itzilxochiti. a compound word. Holt tit.il huming-bird and xoehtl flower; thus translated meaning "flowerof the humming-bird." The Spaniards called it Huiehlch le, signifying sparrow a name given it on account of the resemblance betweon the color of tho flower and that ot a sparrow's head plumes. Tho-e who know tho Azteo tongue assert that its real name is conch lo Tho epianosilla belongs to the pole mouiaceas familv, and tho Hoitz a coc cinea gonus and specie, cav.: locv-lia cocci nea. G. Don.; cantua hoita, Wild ; hoitz Mexicans. I.aucli; can tua, l'oir. It is a perennial plant, of variable height, but never more than three feet in height; of a pivotal root, rather floxibie, ot white surface, corrugated, from which spring secondary roots, thin end separated. In general the plant is rough and thornv, moro so as its age increases. Tho tasto is bitter, cspeo ally of the leaves, but the root has two tastes, when first tasted being sweet, after Which it Is bitter. , There are other varieties in the lte- publlj the lasalia glandulosa. grow ing in the hot lands; the I supertus, in Oaxaca;the L. ciliota. la Vera Cnu; the U involucrata, in Acapulco. and the I amplcctene, between San Bias and Tepic. San f'rancisco Chronicl;. The house in which General GrAnt first saw tbo light bad oily twp window. SKILLED LABOR ON THE FARM. Workmnn Who Command Iflgh Wag-, and Who Ara Never llrfglhf for Homo thing to Do. It is the fact that skilled labor, with temperate habits, generally commands a high price and never goes begging for something to do. In no department of industry does mere manual labor com mand better prices than on the farm, when the fact is taken into consideration that the individual is subject to less in ducements to part with his earnings in tho country than are fellow-laborers in the city. On the farm prices for labor range from $17 to 30 per month with board, only tho rooro superior hands getting tho latter price. Keally good men, however, may command $25 by tho year, and fair men $20. All these must bo men of decent education, and with direct practical knowledge in dairying, stock-breeding, tho manage ment of farm machinery, or tho cultiva tion of special crops. The man who really understands the care nnd work ing of machines, who can take apart and put together again corrctly any farm machine as it comes from tho shop, who knows the proper location of the fractional parts, who can subdue a tendency to heating, can properly grind cutting surfaces, can correctly lay out 'amis for plowing, ruu the initial swath straight through a Held of grass or grain, who knows how to properly cure hay or to shock grain, can build a stack or rick properly proportioned, who can tako the supervision of a large farm as working manager in the absence of tho ownor all such can and do get up to $1,203 a year and board if a single man, and up to S1.50J a year with house rent and garden-spot free if married. How many can stand the test in actual practice in this respect? Not many. And yet, why not? It is simply skilled labor. The reason is the farm laborer has not the means of application in early lifo to carefully instruct himself in manual art, thinks more of dobasing pleasures than of reading or study, and hence is all his lite a drudge, more or less incompetent nnd never arrives to the dignity of even twenty dollars a month until he has settled down to serious thought of what the truo digf ity of honest labor signi- lies. The fairly capable man, able to man age a farm, has not heretofore con tented himself to work for others all his lifo. Wild lands waiting for the settler wero plenty. As soon as he could pro vide a team and a few implements the fortilo West absorbed him, and a new country found him growing up with it. Area after area have thus been con verted from a wilderness of grass to smiling farms. It has made the prairie region of the West tho granary of the world, and the products of her flocks and herds have found a market wherever civilization is known. But free and fer tile lands will not last always, and the next generation must look to other channels of self-sustaining Indepond enco. It must be found in a broader knowledge of agricultural art, rendered yearly more nocessary by tho increasing tendoncy to a more perfect cultivation of tho soil, and more intelligent thought in tho breeding, feeding, care and man agement of live-stock. With increasing wealth and better syst-mis of cultivation, the young man of the day finds it moro difficult to "set up" for himself in business of any kind, and not less so in farming than in other nirsuits in life. Patient application, lowover, with health, will always win its way if combined with intelligent industry. But, behind nil ' lies education. Tho sons of farmers, and the children of industrial parents in the cities, havo no difficulty n acquiring nil that is necessary for practical purposes. ' After leaving school self-culture must do what re mains. Tho school training must give placo to intelligent application to tho art or profession chosen. A trado or profession must b.i learned after tho student leaves school or colloge. Here in tho son of a farmor choosing the same profession lias more than an equal start with other professions. He lias also received manual Instruct on on tho farm. Tho excellence of a pieco of plowing ics in the absolutely straight, oiual width, and the depth of the farrows, the proper disintegration of tho soils, and the carrful turning under of trash. Tlrs is manual art and as necessary t-j suc cess as intelligence to discriminate bc- ween superior nnd inferior work. Tho intelligence that discriminates between varieties of soil and their availability for certain crops, and when the ono or the other is iu proper condition for work ing, is expert knowledge of high order. How manv who call thomselvcs ex pert farm hands roallv can do this? low many actual working owners of arms understand tho subject perfectly? And yet is it not important and neces sary in a country where tho measure of success is decided largely by tho high character of farming? 'J his and other knowledge of a like nature is what dis tinguishes tho expert from tho inexpert performer. Iho tendency of tbo ago, as In manu factures, is to specialties in agriculture. n manufactures this is comparatively simple, sinco the finished parts of an implement or machino are simply parts of a whole. Diversified agriculture is analogous to this. One crop fits another in the rotation. Horticulture, floricul ture and the cultivation of crops sent away from tho farm must bring profit sufficient to allow return to tho soil in the Bhape of manure, of the fertility carried away, else the business is in the end a losing one to tho owner. Accu rate knowledgo in this direction is what makes the expert manager or the expert laborer. Ho who has this knowledgo will receive profit or wages accordance with that knowledge. Tho statistics of wages for the average farm-hand, so far, show him to be well in advance of his brethren in other do partr nts of labor, at least o far as the mere ability to perform labor is con cerned. Chicago Tribune. A New York State dairy maid has succeeded in milking nine cows In twenty-o'ght minutes, and that without being k eked onoe. She'u Probably go through her husband's wallet in five secoadi. Detroit Free Press. DIAMONDS. Thallimmiltyof Iilontifyliif Thmn If Be- moved Kroin Their Netting. Wanting to buy a few precious stones to distribute among my friends before I get my lifo insured and go to the sea, side, I interviewed a diamond merchant down town, nnd while we wcrccompar ing the gems the conversation turned upon the difficulty of identifying d a monds. Some pcoplp assert that they can lecognize a certain stone as accu rately as other people can recognize a certain man. You take your diamonds tb bo cleaned or reset, and you are sure that you receive the same stones again, although others loss valuable, or even paste imitations, may have been substi tuted. But the experts are sure that they can never be deceived unless the stone has been rccut Upon this point the diamond merchant told me a good story. One day another hrra in the same business call it Smith & Jones sent him a diamond which was very lino and very cheap. It was set in a ring so that he could not weigh it; but after exam ining it carefully ho concluded that its cheapness must be caused by some do feet, and so he returned it to the owners. The next week an agent called with another line cheap stone, which my friend concluded to purchase. Be fore binding the bargain no thought ho would take it over to Smith & Jones and seo what they said about it. They praised it enthusiastically. "Why, it's a bargain!" cried Smith; and so my irienu Dougnt tno diamond. "Aha! said Jones, when they met the next day. "you did buv our stone after all, and you paid fifty dollars more for it than we asked for it originally." This was gall and wormwod. My friend hurried back to his office and looked at tho diamond. Sure enough, it was the stone which Smith .& Jones, had sent to him. The clever firm had angled for him through an agent and caught him nicely, lie matched the diamond, had a pair of ear-rings made and bided his time. At last ho gave tho ear-rings and his price to an agent and sent him out to sell them. The agent camo back and said: "Smith & Jones want one of these stones. Will you split the pair?" "Yes," said the diamond merchant. "sell them this one." and he took one of the stones out of its setting; "the price is so much a carat, as the color is very line." W'hcn the agent returned with the check my fr end sat down and wrote Smith & Jones the following note: "Quits! You have bought back your own stono and given me ninety-seven dollars profit. I prefer Pomery Sec." It was a ease of diamond cut diamond, and it confirmed my doubts as to tho possibility of identifying unset stones. y. Y. Star The Straits of Malacca. The Straits of Malacca compriso a long strip of water, extending from southeast to northwest, and connecting the Bay of Bengal with the South Pa cific Ocean, or rather with that portion of it which is sometimes called Australa sia. It is in itself a pretty piece of water, through which, though you aro never out of sight of land on one side or the other, a steamer is nearly two da)-s in passing. On tho cast tho peninsula of Malacca thrusts down a long, slender strip of land, like a slim finger, far into equatorial waters. Un the west the Island of Sumatra, longer and almost as slender, and having nearly tho area of r ranee, extends farther to tho south, being only separated from Java by the Straits of Sunda. I he straits Settl ments comprise the four cities of Singa wore. Malacca. Penanff and Welleslev. with certain dependencies nominally under the rule of sultans or rajahs, but really controlled by the British residents in . each. Singapore is on nn island fifty or sixty miles in circumference at the lower end of the straits. J he popu lation of tho island is about 150,000. of whom nearly 100.000 are Chinese. Pe nang is on an island nearly the same size at the upper end of the straits, and Malacca is about half way between. Penang Island contains a population of 200.000. with perhaps 80,000 Chinese. Malacca has about 100,000, with 25,000 Chinese, and a largei proportion of liatite Malays than either lenang or Singapore. Tho European population liere, including tho fir.tish troops on duty, rarely exceeds fifty. Cor. San trancisco liiromcle. Bacteria. Londoners, and yet more Parisians, says the St. James' Gazette, must hope that bacteria aro not such dangerous animals as they are sometimes said to be by their enemies; for the air of large cities is full of them. The proportion of bacteria in a cubic metre of atmospheric air is, according to M. do Parvillo, writing in tho Journal tics Debats, 0.6 in sea air, one in the air of high mount ains, sixty in the principal cabin of I ship at sea, 200 on the top of the Pan theou. SCO in the Rue de . Rivoll, 6,000 in the Paris sewers, 36,000 in old Paris houses, 40,000 in the new hospital of the Hotel Dieu, and 79,000 in the old hospital of the Pitie. It is gratifying to know that in Ryder Street, St. James a cubic metre of a:r (taken from the open street) contains only 240 bacteria, whereas id the Rue Rivoli the same quantity of ar contains SCO. The superiority of London air as compared with the air of Paris is shown not only by its containing fcwer bacteria, but also by the rate of mortality being smaller. The greater purity or lesser hnpuritv of the air of London is ac counted" for by London being nearer than Paris to tho 6ea, by its covering a greater extent of ground in proportion to the population, and by its houses being newer. Old houses are all, ac cording to M. de Parville. haunted by bacteria and the ghosts of bacteria. "Was it a' forgery?" asks a maga zine writer. We are unable to say without knowing more about it If ho escaped to Canada it was probably only a sharp business speculation. A'. J. Ledger. . PERSONAL AND LITERARY. " -Dr Tanner, the faster, ha eonv.rt to the faith euro, 1 -The room in' which Fattl was di. voreed was that wherein she was m-i. ' Tied in 1803. mar" -Victor Hugo spent his first earn, ings as an author In buying a cashniora shawl for his wife. 0 Mrs. Langtry, the actress, U said to pay hor husband a monthly salary for keeping away from her. ' Dr. Prime's cstato is estimated at $300,000, most of which he mado out of the New York Observer. General S. W. Crawford, one of tho three surviving officers of the gar. rison at Fort Sumpter, has completed a book of political and military rcmi. niscences. -John C. Fremont now seventy, two, says that ho camped whero ( hi. cago is, where Minneapolis is, and where Salt Lake City is, before thore was a house at either placo. . Joseph Taylor offers to lot the cur. rent carry him over Niagara Falls for 10.0U0. Mr. -Taylor Is oxfavagani. It is believed tho current will undertake tho job for a much loss sum.-'uc4., Santa Anna's widow, a bright and chatty littlo body, full of reminlscenr-es of her husband aud his times, is still living in the City of Mexico. Sho was married to him at the early ago of tuir. teen years. Jennio Whito. whose death at the age of one hundred ani twenty-two ii announced from St Joseph, Mo., u a cook for Captain Waterfall, of Gen eral Washington's staff, during tha revolution. . Miss Adelaide Rudolph, of Clcve land, O., has been selected by the Board of Regents ns the Latin pro. fe6sor at the state University of Kan sas. Miss Rudolph is a niece of Mrs, Garfield. Clcvc'.and Leader. , Dr. R. J. Gatling, of Hartford, who invented tho famous Gatliug gun, is a stout man with a chubby face and a stubby gray beard. His eyes are small nnd sfjuinty, requiring the use of stron" lenses to aid them. The doctor is an enthusiast on tho subject of. building up tho defenses of America. Hartford Courant. Captain Richard G. Luce, who died at Vineyard Haven, Mass., recently, was, during hir life, at sea SlO'months, or nearly twenty-six years. Ho landed in Acw Bedford 88, Out) barrels of whale oil, 8.500 of sperm oil, 'andJSa.uOO pounds of whiilcb ;no, ahd S he was called the champion of tho whale fish ery. Hoslon Journal.. Olive Logan saw the Princess of Wales with her three daughters driving in Rotten row the other day, and tells the ladies what Alexandra wore: A plain gray Turk " satiu gown, fitting tightly to the liguie, linen collar and cuil's, a white stra v bonnet. trimmed with biack velvet ribbon, a duster of crimson poppies , pinned up by the throat. No shawl or mantle, no dia monds no jewelry of any sort . Tho three girls were dressed alike in navy blue cashmere, with red snots, round hats of whito straw, trimmed with black velvet and a stiff red feather. HUMOROJS. i The Governor of tho Siite Prison ought to be pitied, for a man K'tj six or eight buuJred felons on his iani.is deserving of sympathy. Lowell CU- zen. Fencing is tho new crae among young ladies. Well, if they will occupy the fence occasionally it will give the gate a rest and the whole busiuess will wear out together. Chicago Tribune. A man in Long Wood, Fla., re cently exchanged a weekly paper for a mule. This trado was not so inappro priate as it would seem tit lirst Llush. They are both elevators of the human race. The Judge. A man claiming to be a scientist wants some ono to boro the earth lo prevent its bursting. We have a frio.id who we think would be able to do it Up to this time ho has devoted, all his boring energies to us, and we would ba glad to see h m try it on the rest of tho earth. Vonton Pout. --"Are voti superstitious, my dear?" said Miss B-irdie McGinnis to a newly nrrived stranger in Austin, to whom she had becomo engaged. "Not a bit but why do you", ask?" replied tho youth. "Nothing, except you lire the thirteenth young gentleman to whom I have been engaged." Texas Sifting?. A l.ttlo boy was told that ho must Hover ask for nnytiiing at the table, as it was not good manners to do so., The consequence was that ho was frequent ly overlooked. One day his father said: "Johnny, get mo a clean plate for my lettuo.' "Take mine, pa; it's clean," nnd ho added, with a sigh: "Thero hasn't leen anything put on it yet" Tcxai Siftings". r. Bessie, a bit cf a blue ey d g'rl, was about to go w.tli her auiit lo dine at a friend's ho-, se. -Don t forget your manners. Bessie," suid l:cr moth er. "Bo sure to fay 'yes, sir; 'no. sir,' and 'yes, ma'am' and 'nouia'eni4 when any one speaks to yon.1' At tha tabio the first quest on as' ed I er was:-' l es sie, will you have soni ioti,',?' , "Yes. sir; no, 8 r; yes, ma am;- no, ma m. said, Bessie, faintly, -while e ten body burst out laughing. uo.uen ,.-. Doctor--llave you got tho baiter of tho ague yet? Patient No, sor. iuu an' my wife is as bad as iver, sor. Doc torDid you 'get that whisky and qui nine I prescribed? Patient Yis, sor; but it did no good at all, at all. Doc tor That is strange! You took it ac cording to instructions, I suppose? Patient Yis, sor; ye know a man nd his wife are one. Doctor What has that to do with it? Patient-Well, yo see, sor, bein' as we are one flesh, I tuk the whisky and gave Biddy the quinine. The Whin. "You don't seem to have the slight est knowledge of natural philosophy." growled a man. as tho ice-man left a chunk on the sidewalk. With Ii what- the-deuce-do-vou-mean expression in his eye. the dispenser of frigid water retorted: "Y'es, I da" "Then what do you mean by leaving so small apiece of ice on a red-hot day and such large chunks in cold weather?" "Because I know that heat expands and cold con tracts. 11 1 left voa a bigger piece this morning, before night it would swell so that you could nt get it In your reinger ator. Gooi-dayr Chicago Timet.