The Corvallis gazette., September 21, 1894, Image 1

County QUtk
r If
U lit
JIM
VOL. XXXI. j
CORVALLIS, BENTON COUNTY, OREGON, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1894.
jNO. 29,
l!
TRANSPORTATION.
EAST AND SOUTH
-VI A-
The Shasta Route
)F TH1
Southern Pacific Co.
EXPRESS TRAINS tlW DAILY.
6:15 ph Leave Portland Arrive 8:20 a k
9:06 PM Leave Salem Leave 6:iA
10:15 am Arrive B. Francisco Leave 7:00 pm
Above trains slop at all stations from Port
land to Albany, also at Tangent. Shedds, Hal
ey. Harrisburg, Junction City, Irving, Eugene
snd all stations from Roseburg to Ashland, in
clusive. ROSE BURG MAIL, DAILY
8:30 a m I Leave Portland Arrive 4 :30 P M
11 :17 a M Leave Salem Leave 1:40 pm
5:50 p M I Arrive Roseburg Leave 7:00 am
Pullman Buffet 81eeir and second-class
sleeping cars attacnea to an tnrougn trains.
WEST SIDE DIVISION.
BETWEEN PORTLAND AND CORVALLIB.
MAIL TRAIN DAILY (EXCEPT SUNDAY).
7:30 am Leave Portland Arrive t 6:35 pm
12:15 pm Arrive Corvallis Leave 1:00 pm
At Albany and Corvallis connect with trains
of the Oregon Pacific railroad.
EXPBB8S TRAIN DAILY (EXCEPT SUNDAY).
4:40 PM
17:25 PM
Leave Portland Arrive
Arrive McMinnville Leave I
8:25 a m
5:50 am
Through tickets to all points in the Eastern
states, Canada and Europe can be obtained at
lowest rate from W. W. Bkinner, agent, Salem.
R. KGEHLER, E. P. ROGERS,
Manager. A. G. F. b P..A.
Portland Oi
The Scenic Tourist Route To
MONTREAL,
TORONTO,
OTTAWA.
QUEBEC.
HALIFAX,
PORTLAND, ME.,
BOSTON,
NEW YORK,
CHICAGO.
SI. PAUL,
OMAHA,
KANSAS CITT, '
And all Points East and Southeast.
Finest Dining and Sleeping Car Route
lv the world.
' Vwest Rates to all points of the
Um'ed States and Canada.
SUmshlp Tickets to and from 'all
Tarts of the world.
Passengers are given the choice of
the following- routes to a connection
with the Canadian Pacific line:
1 All rail through via Tacoma, Seat
tle and Whatcom.
2 Rail to Tacoma, steamer to Seat
tle and all rail thenc.
3 Rail to Tacoma, steamer to Van-
jouver (via Victoria, thence all rail,
Only Line Operating Elegant, Up
1 ilstered Tourist Car for second class
passengers. -
Canadian Pacific Railway Company's
Royal Mail Steamship Line to Japan
and China, the Short Route to the
Orient, sail about monthly from Van
couver, B. C, for Asiatic points.
Also Royal Mail Steamship Line to
Honolulu and Australia, sailing month
ly. For further particulars call upon or
address:
J. L. MITCHELL,
Ticket and Passenger Agent, Salem, Or
OFFICE IN HOLM AN BLOCK.
GEO. MC L. BROWN,
District Pas. Agt. Vancouver
0. R. & N. Co.
E. McNEILL, Receiver.
TO THE
ERST
GIVING THK CHOICE OF
TWO TRANSCONTINENTAL.
ROUTES
VIA VIA
SPOKANE, DENVER,
MINNEAPOLIS OMAHA
AND AND
ST. PAUL KANSAS CITY
LOW RATES TO ALL
EASTERN CITIES.
OCEAN STEAMERS
LEAVE PORTLAND EVERY 5 DAYS
FOR
SAN FRANCISCO.
For full details call on or address
VV. H. HURLBURT,
Geaeral Passenger Agent,
Portland, Or.
OREGON PACIFIC RAILROAD CQ
Chaa. Clark
Receiver.
Connecting with Str. "HOMER" be
tween Yaqulna and San Francisco.
Str. leaves San Francisco July 18th
and about every 10 days later.
Leaves Yaqulna July 23rd. About
every 10 days later. Rights reservid
to change sailing dates without notice.
For freight and passenger rates ap
ply to any agent.
CHAS. J. HENDRY S, SON & CO..
. Nos. 2 to 8 Market St.
: San Francisco, Calif.
CHAS. CLARK. Receiver.
Corvallis. Oregon. .
CASKEY & OTTERSTEDT.
Blacksmittiing, - Horse-Shoeing
AND TVAGON MAKING,
Knight's Old Stand, - -
CORVALLIS. - - OREGON
All work In the line done promptly
And satisfaction guaranteed.
Oregon's Agricultural
College.
Another Year Has Been
Opened.
Every Citizen Should Be Proud- f
of this Place of Learning
Its History.
The agricultural college opened it
twenty-sixth scholistic year r.nder most
favorable circumstances yesterday
morning. As a state Oregon should
Indeed be proud of her agricultural
college. Prior to 1887 the institution
was under the direct management of
the Methodist church (South), but since
that date has been under the absolute
control of the state. Seven years ago
last August the coner stone of the
main college building was laid, and du
ring the following winter the large and
commodious edifice was completed and
equipped. Necessary funds for the
the erection of the structure were con
tributed by the liberal and enterpris
ing citizens of Benton county, who
In doing so not only established a mem
orial to their liberality, but erected a
lasting monument in honor of agricul
ture and the mechanical arts. Since
1889, when the first class graduated
under the state's administration, the
BENTON COUNTY
Abstract : Company
COMPLETE SET OF ABSTRACTS OF
BENTON COUNTY.
Conveyancing and Perfecting. Titles a
. Specially.
Money to Loan on Improved City and
Country Property.
J. B, MARKLEY & CO., Proprietors,
Main Street, Corvallis.
BOWEN LESTER
DENTIST.
Office upstairs over First National bank.
Strictly First-class Work Guaranteed.
Corvallis. Oregon.
Farra & Wilson,
Physicians, Surgeons and
Accoucheurs.
.Office npstairs in Farra and Allen's
brick. Office hours from 8 to 9 A. M. and from
1 to 2 and 7 to 8 P. M. Calls iiromitlv attended
! to at all hours, either day or night.
DR. L. G. ALTMAN,
HOMOEOPATHIST.
Diseases of women and children and
general practice.
Office over Allen & Wooward's drug
store.
Office hours 8 to 12 a. m., 2 to 5 and
7 to 8 p. m.
At residences-Fifth street, near the
court house, after hours and on Sun
days. .
F. M. JOHNSON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CORVALLIS, OREGON.
Does a general practice In all the ;
ziAiivia A lov atmnt fof oil iha firct. !
V 14 ft (,0a IJW M();ill U- ft 1 111V 1 ft U V
class insurance companies.
NOTARY PUBLIC. JUSTICE PEACE.
E. E. WILSON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Office in Zeiroff building, opposite
postoffice.
M. O. WILKINS,
Stenographer and Notary Public,
Court reporting and referee sittings
made specialties, jts well as type
writing and other reporting. -
Office, opposite postoffice, Corvallis, Or.
JOS. H. WILSON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Office over First National Bank, Cor
vallis, Or. Will practice in all the
state and federal courts. Abstracting,
collections. Notary , public. Convey-
ancing.
Lumbago, Sciatica,
K&ney CcroptaintSj
Lame Sack, &c
r V
Vfttli a.naUsr Magnetic
Katert 2yU-ntml lit-! l-nproceaient t
7n enrw vM-.out rr. ueine 1 ?Uow vs:ilt;nirfTrrn
cr-tur;tim -jf t,im nvrv tnrr -t ctct3- ii-Ju
tUoo- s r rrtn 0nUtf. a!erris--t-. Ian?:--
rkmi jit it-jr. :,.-. c, Tfii; IetlTH5 Bolt ;aiitmi
nrAl i t.: -r.Tf--ii or- r si! c-iht-m. (Nir.-ent
., ,,., ., . wta tin mi
Removed to Cornar Third and WMhln
urn Streets, Portland, Ok.
growth of the institution has Indeed
been marvelous.
The national government has recog
nized the importance of agriculture by
her liberal endowments, which now
exceed $45,000 annually as Oregon's
portion, and Oregon has recognized
the usefulness of the Institution to
her citizens as second to none within
her boundaries. ' -
The experiment station connected
with the college, is also maintained
by the government and is of inesti
mable value to the state. It combines
theory with practical work and by
means of hearty co-operation on the
part of the Oregon agriculturists and
horticulturists Its limit of usefulness
is being greatly increased rext year.
In the present article the Gazette has
endeavored to give its readers a clear
conception of the linos of work which
are of especial interest to the farmer.
The name Agricultural College, to
many nas no omer meaning man a
place where young men are taught
how to plow, to reap and to sow. This
is an error; instruction in agriculture
covers only the work of one depart
ment. The departments of agriculture, hor
ticulture, mechanical arts, chemistry,
botany and zoology, as well as house
hold economy, have been given spe
cial prominence. We append a list of
THE MA1X"
the corps of instructors, and their de
partments, ' and the course as taught
throughout the Institution, is we dare
say, second to none in the state.
It had rained the night before, but
a gentle north wind had swept the
clouds out of Old Sol's way, and its
warm rays gave us inspiration as we
walked up the broad college walk to
spend a day or more with the instruc
tors. We were met on the campus by
the genial janitor "Bob" Erwln, and
escorted, through the main; building
while we were waiting for 'the presi
dent. It being near the timo for the
fall opening of the college, the build
ing had been put in excellent order
from basement to attic, and the ap
pearance of the recitation rooms and
laboratories required no explanation
to tell us what had been done. Over
six hundred cords of wood have been
stored away for winter use In the
main buildings and other buildings.
The average cost of this wood has been
$2.85 per cord.
As we looked about us we thought;
query upon query suggested them
selves upon the appliances throughout
the various lalioratorles. But as we
expected to ask the various heads of
these departments questions to our
heart's content, we pass thein for the
present. On the lawn we were left to
await the coming of the president.
"Good morning." said a voice from
the rear, as we awoke from our mus
ing of the time when "yours truly" was
a student in the college, aud we turned
only to meet the welcome countenance
of President John M. Bloss. After the
president's cordial greeting we were
ushered info his private office, and
comfortably located In a big arm chair.
" Tell yon about the college? Cer
tainly," said he. In his good Matured
way, settling himself back in bis chair
with an air of thoughtfullness.
"Tho funds which sustain the col
lege come from the United States gov
ernment!, and from the state. The
government made a grant of 90,000
acres of land for the punxise of sus
taining a college and about 45,000 acres
THE BARN.
have been sold, and the interest aris
ing from the fund created thereby, 1
which is about $10,000 per year, is a ,
portion of our revenue. This fund is j
loaned by the state and we get the in-
terest from the state treasurer. The !
past year we have received something
over $9,000. The government also pro
vides $15,000 a year for maintaining
the experimental station, and also in
1883 gave $15,000 for the purpose of
maintaining a state agricultural col
lege and mechanical school, and in
1890 a law passed increased that
amount one thousand dollars each year
until it reaches $25,000. We get from
tuition about $2,000. so -you might say
we receive about $47,000 for maintain
ing this institution, besides the state
has furnished us with land and build
ings. ';
THE PURPOSES OF THE SCHOOL.
"This institution is a scientific school
In which the subject of English is
made prominent; our English course
is probably stronger, than the ' same
course In other states. We might bet
ter call our institution a polytechnic
institution, than an agricultural col
lege, for while agriculture and Jhorti
culture are -carried as fat av hi any
similar institution, they constitute-nly
a part of our work, "We are required
by law - under the appropriations ' re
ceived to teach mechanics, mechanical
arts, and military science, -Ions with
agriculture jana Horticulture.! .-The
young ladies of the institution Vare
given a course of Instruction in the
science of the home, -household econ
omy we call it in which; they are
taught the art, science, and -'chemistry
cr cooking. Yes, l think there is art.
of cooking. Yes," T think In cooking
mere is art, science, and chemistry
, . i . , , . - . .
touiuiueu. aiso now to care ior the
sick; instruction in floriculture, garden
ing, in fact, everything Is given a girl
to make a farmer's of mechanic's or
professional man's home happy and
pleasant, ana to do it economically.
-the mechanical student is - taken
through wood work, turning, black-
smithing, machine work, and in the
last year is required to make a ma
chine, lie might . not be expected, to
accomplish much one hour a day in
ten months, but as a matter of fact,
at the end of the j'ear he- understands
more about the philosophy of the work
in wood and iron, than does an ap
prontce Who has given five years to
the same work. The apprentice works
under a boss who wants all he can get
out of the boy;. our student works un
der an instructor and is advanced step
by step as rapidly as his ability will
permit. Consequently; the" boy who
BUILDING.
graduates from our mechanical course
is thoroughly equipped in either lion
or wood work to take; charge of and
manage work coming under him in a
factory or similar industrial line. He
differs from an apprentice in this,. that
while he is getting practical knowl
edge in wood and iron, he is also study
ing mathematics and science, and con
sequently has a greater grasp and abil
ity to obtain knowledge.- The student
who enters this college. whether agri
cultural or mechanical pust take a
course in wood" work nnrt iron. Hence
a young man who goes out on a farm
from here, is enabled to compile draw
ings, erect buildings, etc., and with an
expenditure of $40 for a forge, can
keep in repair the machinery and im
plements of a farm. One of the great
est expenses farmers have is this item
alone. In the agricultural or horti
cu'tural course the student is taught
not only the theory of these subjects,
but he sees the very applications made
that he has learned in his texts. It
prepares him to step out on the farm
ready from his -own knowledge and
from the science of these subjects to
adapt himself to all couditions he may
encounter in bur different localities;
enables him to grasp and adapt the
best current information published,
which is no small matter.
Our entire course is scientific and lit
erary, and consists of -the same work
'that is carried on iu other similar in
stitutions with this difference; every
step "in scientific instruction is dem
onstrated by laboratory work where
the student is required to show that he
knows and how well he knows it.
When I attended college thirty years
ago the professor showed m by ex
periment in the laboratory bow cer
tain processes could be performed:
that method Is passed in all better in
stitutions of today.
"Professor, we see the imstimable
value to students directly of your col
lege work; how do you rearh the far
mer and the state at large, aside from
your influence through the student?"
"In January. JS95. a farmers' short
course will be conducted, which will
roach them directly. This la a course
of lectures, not for students, and con
sists of scientific work in agriculture
and horticulture. Last year we had a
course of eighty lectures and they were
very satisfactory to all who attended.
This Is one way we reach them. An
other is by farmers' institutes. From
six to eight of these are held each year
throughout the state in different local
ities In which the sciences of agricul
ture and horticulture as applied to the
localities respectively are discussed
and brought out. -There seems to be
a greater demand and a better at
tendancefor the farmers' institutes
each year. Experiment station offi
cers take part in this work in their
respective departments. We also reach
the farmer by means of bulletins. Last
year we published seven, giving the re
sults of experiments upon the college
farm, and also giving the best knowl
edge obtainable as to the : means of
destroying injurious insects throughout
the state. Also the best methods of
feeding stock and of preparing their
; foods and at the least costs. The circu
lation of these bulletin present is
about 6,000. Vz citizen of the state
may '"v've tnese bulletins -without ex
- tn- '-y making application to the
director. - We send out new varieties
(If
THE CHEMICAL
of fruits and seeds for tests in different
portions of the state, we receive con-
tributions of seeds and plants from the
forty-four other experiment stations.
and when found to be profitably ad
apted to Oregon we disseminate them
throughout the state free."
"What does It cost a student. Presi
dent Bloss, to attend the college a
year'"
"Inclding his board, room, light, heat.
clothing,' washing, books, and tuition.
for our school year of .forty weeks,
$150. " " , ' - . ...
How many students is the college
equipped to accommodate?"
"We can comfortably accommdate
350. We cannot now place any esti
mate upon what our number this year
will be, but it should be from 275 to
325." .
'Sum up for us, president, briefly,-
the qualifications of an average grad
uate?" "Well, "he will be prepared actively
to enter any business industry of the
state, agricultural, horticultural or me
chanical; :ie would ba qualified to en
ter any of the professional schools. ' It
is not our intention, however, to make
professional men. Our purpose is to
prepare men and women for the bus
iness industries of life, and thus pro
mote the interests oft he state."
AGRICULTURAL.
We found Prof. H. T. French, pro
fessor of agriculture, at his desk in
the midst of his preparation for the
state fair exhibit, but he very kindly
gave hiss attention to "ye scribe" for
two and a half hours, which it required
to answer all the little questions we
had to ask and to show us through his
department. It took us to the college
barn; experiment plats of corn, pota
toes, clovers, -peas; vetches and many
other plants and series of experiments
now in progress. The farm consists
of 145 acres, 20 of which are devoted
to plant ..'experiments. .The barnjs.a j
.model cue. modernl; equipped. -tiirough-i
out Tread power is furnished for run-'
ning the feed mill, forage cutter,
cleaning mill and other machinery nec
essary in a barn. Two large silos,
with a combined capacity of 130 tons
of silage will be filled about the first
of October. "We have", said the pro
fessor, "twenty acres of ensilage corn,
and it will yield ordinarily ten tons per
acre, a ton of which is equal to one
third of a ton of best clover hay. Corn
silage is almost a complete food for
any kind of stock, and costs about 50c
per ton to put in the silo, and taken
along with straw, stock do well upon
it during the winter season, say from
November to the first of July.
"No, a farmer in Oregon cannot af
ford to pasture his stock iu the winter.
He injures his land by tramping, and
it takes the six months of summer for
stock to gain the loss of three months
winter. We keep some twenty-five
head of stock on the farm, and five
head of horses. We have four head of
full blooded Ayrshire; four full-blood
ed Short Horns and two Jerseys. We !
are breeding up a lot of. dairy stock, I
with which to run a modern equipped
dairy next year."
All the stock yards and enclosures
were visited and they were all In re
markably good condition.
'Tos." said Prof. French, "we have
conducted a series of pig feeding ex
periments," as we stood looking into
the pens, "aud with satisfactory re
sults too. We have proven beyond a
a doubt that pigs can be fattened on
wheat quite profitably. We get twelve
pounds of pork from one bushel of
wheat, on an aveage. A farmer can
feed his wheat to pigs and net 60 to 75
cents per bushel for his wheat, so you
can see that it does not pay to sell
gram ln tact we don t sen our grain
at all." We have fed our horses on
wheat for some time, and have good
results too. AVe have our wheat
chopped with oats and reen it ion,
see if a farmer gets only a fair price t
for his produce bv feeding it to his !
stock It is much better to feed it, for
then he has the nutricions food pro
ducing substances left on the farm,
instead of shipping it to Liverpool. A
very small per cent, of the plant pro
ducing substances Is taken out of the
grain or other food by the animal. I
have just bought six head of steres
and with them I expect to carry on a
similar experiment as to profitably
feeding them wheat to. fatten them."
By this time we had reached the
potato plats, and we chased the pro
fessor along pretty close with our pen
cil while he said:
"We have test-.'d some four hundred
varieties of potatoes, and -we are grow
ing now, 160 "varieties. Out of this
THE GREEN HOUSES,
LABOKATORY.
large number we have probably se-
cureu ve or ix - varieties nuiieiw iu
any now grown. 'These we have dis
seminated throughout the state in one
pound packages for seed propogation.
A pound package of the Tildon va
riety was planted by Mrs. Mary Kisor
in Linn county and she raised 150
pounds of good sized potatoes from it;
anotner iiw pouuas, ana iu raci we
have a number of nearly as good re
ports. We have tested in a similar
waj seventy varieties of wheat and out
of;these we have secured two or three
varieties better1 than varieties now
grown. These will be sent out
throughout the state, and one variety.
which produces very abundantly, will '
be a great advantage to the state. In
a similar way we have tested .twenty
to thirty different root crops. Itoot I
crops, however, in Oregon are not a
success. owing to the fact that they re-
quire manual labor, and here such la
bor costs too much.
Here we had reached the twenty
acre clover field from which sixty-six
tons of cloven had been taken over
three tons per acre.
"We will plow that this fall," said
he, "and next season plant corn, and
if I mistake not 'we will get a big crop.
This Is to be for silage. We consider
'Pride of the North' the best variety
for silage purposes. - Now, over there,
(pointing to an adjoining field) I ex
pect to plant red clover next year. You
sea we must find some forage plant to
take the place of the wild native grass
es on yonder native foot hills. They
are going out with - the coining in of
civilization, which is only the history
of the eastern states repeating itself
here. My experiments with the win
ter vetch and the flat pea, (of which
the Gazette has spoken) are for the
purposes of finding some forage plant
that will grow well on these dry foot
hills, and adapt itself to our climate." i
in anotner plat we were shown the
Vetch and- pea mentioned and many
TlIFi MECHANICAL HALL,
other things that we have not space to
discuss at present.
"Professor, can you tell us briefly
the object of the college course of study
in your department?"
"To prepare young men for practical
work on the farm. We take him
through a theoretical couise of lectures
on drainage, rotation of crops. live
stock, soils, manures, green manuring,
etc., veterinary science. In the latter
we do not mean to go into it pro
fessionally, but only to an extent which
will enable a man to detect ordinary
disease and prescribe a remedy in
short which will enable a farmer to fertilizers, a bulletin upon which sub
care for the health of his animals, i jeet I hope to publish early liext spring.
Then we give him a short course in I By this work it Is hoped that we will
stock feeding, the chemistry .of the i be able to show the farmers what, fer
dairy. and the science of dairying, j tilizors on sale in Oregon are of the
which we expect to be able to supple- i best quality, and to Indicate the value
ment next year by'practital dairying. cf the fertilizer. Some work has also
"Yes. the most of our farm work is been done on cattle foods of the state,
done by student industrial labor, which including the investigation of grasses,
we find very satisfoctory, and giving I clovers, and other forage plants. This
even more favorable results than hired I work is being carried on in connection
labor. Still, industrial labor on the j with the - botanist."
farm is not favorably received by the
student We have to compell him to j
woi-k. nut alter ins work is lmisiieu. ne
is usually glad for the know-edge he
has gained thereby. A number of stu-
dents do extra work for us for which
they are paid, arid the deserving stu
dent who is interested in my depart
ment has plenty to do. My students
are required to assist in .keeping notes
of experiments" and are thus interested
in the results. Last year we had thirty-three
agricultural students.
"Well, yes, some of our farmers are
sadly in need of better methods of
farming, as I see them from new stu
dents. A student who comes here
knows how to ride a horse, hold a plow,
and the like; but of farming practic
ally or csientifically, he knows noth
ing. One of the greatest difficulties
of the Oregon farmer, Is he does not
know the possibilities of his farm; Its
I possibilities have not been developed.
He must get out of the rut he is in;
he must learn how to feed stock cheap
l.ly. and with the best results and turn
out finished animals. He must learn
to ' apply ' himself and his farm to a
systematic rotation of crops."
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY.
We refer our readers to the cut of
the building devoted exclusively to this
department It is 50x30, the upper
floor being used for the station labora
tory, and the lower for the chemical
laboratory of the college, both of
which are fairly well equipped, not in
ferior to any on the coast.
Prof. G. W. Shaw, who has charge
of this department had visitors under
"tow" at the time of our visit whom
he left in charge of his assistant Prof.
John Fulton, and invited us into his
private office adjoining the laboratory.
"Tell us. Professor Shaw, about your
branch of the experiment station
work," was the way we opened the
j subject.
"Well," said he, "it will take some
time for the work in this department
to give definite resuits. One of our
completed lines of work is the investi
gation of the sugar beet problem in
Oregon. I have spent three years in
I this work, and the result is beginning
to bear fruit In tho organization of a
joint stock company In Oregon, with
a capital stock of $1,000,000. This
company, already incorporated is the
direct outgrowth of the work of this
department. It will, have its orlnclDal
office in Portland, and the first factory
is to be erected somewhere in the Wil
lamette valley, with a second factory
in contemplation ln Eastern Oregon
somewhere. My results were oh
tained from beets from 150 typical lo
calities throughout the state, showing
that beets for the manufacture of su-
j gar can be produced as profitably ln
Oregon as In any other state. Sugar
beets raised by experienced beet rais
ers in California yield about 15 per
cent sugar, while Oregon grown beets
by Inexperienced growers, yield over
14 per cent The average in Germany
is about 12 per cent.
"The cost of sugar beet raising in
Oregon is about the same as
in other localities. Any laud in Or
egon which will raise good wheat will
raise good beets. It costs about $30
per acre to raise and care for beets.
They yield about 15 tons per acre, and
are usually contracted for by factories
at $4.50 per ton, delivered at the fac
tory, thus netting the farmer $37.50 per"
acre. You can readily see that the es-tablishment-of
this industry in Oregon
will be of inestimable importance."
SOIL ANALYSIS.
"Considerable work has also been
done with the soils of Oregon. The
most typical soils of the "state have
been analyzed and bulletins published.
This work is being continued and will
constitute a portion of th' w ork of this
tlepartment for years to come until all
our soils have been thoroughly investi
gated." "Will you explain the practical ad
vantage to be derived from these ex
periments to the farmer?"
"The investigation will show more
fully the ingredients which may be
deficient in the soil, or which are like
ly to be first, and taken together with
our work on fertilizers, will indicate
the proper fertilizer to use. Our inves
tigation as to the best method of -treating
white land, adobe and alkali, will
be of especial interest. The work for
the coming yens will be mostly with
FOOD ANALYSIS.
"Another line of work which the de
partment Is required to do, Is the anal
ysis of any food substances which may
be sent by the state food commissioner.
Much of this work Is done, especially
In the determination of adulterations in
butter, cheese, milk, vinegar and other
food substances."
"Can you give us an outline of the
college work of your department pro
fessor?" "The college work," said he, "may be
divided Into two parts: The work ln
chemistry and the work In physics.
In the former we begin .in the second
year and it may extend through three
years for "ic agricultural ritnrlfnt and
one and a half years for the mechan
ical student. In this work, two hours
every day are devoted to laboratory
work, the laboratory being equipped
with all the necessary re-agents and
apparatus. On the alternate day the
class reports at the recitation room
for a discussion of the results obtained
in the laboratory. Every student is
required to keep neat and accurate
notes of all. work done, all of which is
tinder the personal supervision of an
instructor."
"What do you expect of a student
who has completed your course of
study?"
"I expect the student who has com
pleted the work in chemistry to under
stand the general priciples of chem
istry in their application to agi (cultur
al and mechanical arts."
"The work on physic is conducted
on the same plan, and the physical
laboratory Is supplied with apparatus
for work - on sound, light, heat and
dynamics, as well as the elements of
elctricity. -
"In the chemical laboiatory. we can
accommodate thirty students at a
""" (Continued on fourth page.) .
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