.8
THE SUNDAY OREGON! AX, PORTLAND, JANUARY 18, 19()
( were twenty years ago. A survey New York assembly rightly sus
j was made recently of ?000 dietary i pended the five socialist members-
records, covering a period of seven elect until it had inquired into their
STABL1HHEU BV HENRY L. pilTOCK. I days and relating to 1425 families j qualifications. When it has found
Published by The Oreisonian Publishing Co.. j and 575 institutions in forty-six , them to be disqualified it will be
r- a1-'""' I'ortl,l"d-Of";'1 I states. Sixteen nationalities and j justified in denying them their seats.
E. B. PIPER.
Editor.
C. A. MORDEX
Manager.
The Oregonian Is a member of the Asso
ciated Press. The Associated press Is
exclusively entitled to the use for publica
tion of all news dispatches credited to it
or not otherwise credited in this paper and
a 'so the local news published herein. - All
rights of republication of special dispatches
herein are also reserved.
Subscription Kates Invariably in Advance.
(By Mail.)
Ially, Sunday Included, one year $S.OO
Jj.tily, Sunday included, six months .... 4.3
rally, Sunday included, three months. . 2.1!."i
Iaily, Sunday Included, one month . .
Dally, without Sunday, one year
Ially, without Sunday, six months ..
Dally, without Sunday, one month -.
Weekly, one year
fc-unaay, one year
many occupations and incomes were
represented, as were also both urban
and rural localities. Consumption of
grain products was shown also to
have decreased about 11 per cent,
but this was' atoned for by an in
crease of 6 per cent in dairy products,
4 per cent more vegetables and 8
per cent more fruit. Analysis of food
elements contained in the dietary
showed them to be more closely in
accord with approved nutrition
proximately the kind of foods that
are best for him.
oo ' s'andards than would have been ex
j pected, and the department experts
.w j conclude that while individual habits
50 ! neel to be corrected, the average
sunaay ana weemy a.uij person in tnis country is getting ap
(By Carrier.)
ral!y. Sunday Included, one year $9.00
Daily, Sunday included, three months. . 2.25
Dally. Sunday included, one month 75
Daily, wli hout Sunday, one year 7.S-J
Dally, without Sunday, three months... 1. !."".
Daily, without Sunday, one month 5
How to Remit Send postoffice money
order, express or personal check on your
local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are
at owner's risk. Give postoffice address
in full, including county and state.
Postage Rates 12 to 18 pages, 1 cent;
18 to o2 pages. 2 cents: 34 to 4S pages. 3
cents; 50 to 60 pages, 4 cents; t2 to 7d
Pages, o cents; 78 to 82 pages, $ cents.
'Grelgn postage, double rates.
Eastern Huwlneas Office Verree & Conk
lin, Brunswick building. New York; Verree
& Conklin, Steger building, Chicago: Ver
ree & Conklin, Free Press building, De
troit, Mich. San Francisco representative,
R. J. Bldwell.
INDUSTRY AND SPORTSMANSHIP.
The motives that Induced Gov
ernor Olcott to sign the new fish and
game bill are quite as obvious as the
intent of the legislature in passing
the measure. It is clear That the
governor was glad to find any pass
able way out of the maze in which
he had become involved: it fs just as
plain that the legislature planned,
first, to make a workable division of
game and commercial interests, as
signing to each authority in its own
field and giving joint control through
an arbiter over the common zone;
and, second, to prevent the executive
from carrying out his threat to dis
miss the present commission by tak
ing over to itself the power to name
the commissioners.
It is frankly an expedient to meet
an emergency created by the- hasty
and ill-considered ultimatum of Mr.
Olcott. It should not have been
made. It did nothing to compose the
trouble, but much to aggravate it.
We do not profess to be able to read
the governor's mind, but we fancy
that he is pleased that he will not be
called upon to make good his threat,
or bluff, or whatever it was. He
should be pleased.
It is nonsense to say as one organ
of the war-making sportsmen says
that the result is a victory for the
salmon packers, in the sense that "it
gives them domination over Oregon's
wild life." In all the furore made
by certain representatives of a fac
tion of the sportsmen about the in
iquitous machinations of the pack
ers, there has been no shoving, and
no serious attempt at it, that the
commercial interests were seeking to
do aught but look after their own
legitimate interests and were not as
desirous of being separated from the
sportsmen as the latter were to be
free. Now there is to be a commis
sion of eight, of which five shall
represent that great body of fancy
free citizens who would fish and
hunt for pleasure, and three repre
sent those profit-hunting gentlemen
who have thought it no crime to
support an industry that makes a
regular contribution to the general
food supply. It has not yet been ex
plained by anybody how the three
are to outvote and control the five,
and the joint chairman besides.
During the recent discussion, the
voices of the sportsmen were oc
casionally heard above the din sup
plicating the legislature to protect
the "wild life" of the state. For
whose benefit? For the benefit of the
birds and the fishes and the animals?
Or ot the sportsmen? If we under
stand the wishes and methods of that
great and entirely reputable ' fra
ternity, they desire to be free, under
certain restrictions, to shoot and kill
game, and to whip the streams for
the agile trout and salmon and
others of the finny tribe. It Is not in
the spirit of the nature-lover or the
humanitarian that they are con
cerned about wild life, but of the
hunter in the chase. They do not
pretend that they hunt or fish, as
the aborigine hunted and fished
for food but for the excitement and
pleasure of sport. They would pro
tect wild life in order, at their leis
ure, to destroy it.
The preservation of wild life, then.
in any sense of sportsmanship, is of
no concern whatever to the general
public. If any citizen wants a bird or
a fish, he goes to the market and
buys a chicken or a salmon, knowing
that he can get neither pheasant nor
duck nor mountain trout, but happy
in the feeling that all citizens, in
their sovereign collective capacity as
a state, have reserved those delec
table rareties for the privileged class
who have the time and inclination to
go out and get them.
Let it not be understood that we
do not sympathize with the sports
man and his pleasant avocation, and
would do nothing for him. Not at all.
"We would preserve wild life, partly
for Its own sake, in its proper habi
tat, and partly for the hunters' and
fishers' sake. We would support any
reasonable proposal to that end. But
we are impatient, and we believe
that the public is impatient, with the
constant clamor about the rights and
privileges of the sportsmen as if
they were hedged about by a certain
sanctity with a definite implica
tion indeed, outright assertion in
certain cases that the commercial
interest must give way to them. The
public welfare does not harmonize
with any such programme. It lies
distinctly with industry,- and not
mere sportsmanship.
The result at the legislature is a
vindication of the fish and game
commission. It was intended by the
legislature to be. It is curious that
the original cause of the recent war
- fare on the commissiion Mr. Fin
ley and his dismissal was almost
wholly lost to sight. The outcome is
an organization -that should, and
doubtless will, give to the sportsmen
and their interests intelligent and
constructive consideration, and to
the commercial concerns, with their
thousands of men- engaged in in
dustry, the same thing. We do not
think that either interest can ask or
expect more. Certainly the public
will not be disposed to give more.
Nor need it pay attention to the rant-
ings of their associates. The uniform
boast of socialists is that they will
use all the devices of the law and the
courts to defeat any attempt to bring
them to justice. Socialism is a public
enemy, and should be treated as one.
OEMKAI. PERSHING.
The day is coming indeed it is
here when every American soldier
who served in France will make it
his .boast that he "fought with
Pershing." Certainly every Amer
ican citizen who is loyal to his coun-
i try and its causes glories in the rec-
' ti I'll marl hv Ihc (rnllanl nrmv nf
America in the great war and by its
competent and soldierly command
ing genertal.
The choice of John J. Pershing to
be head of the American Expedition
ary Forces was most fortunate. It is
to the credit of the president and the
secretary of war that the selection
was, made solely on, the ground of
merit and that they gave Pershing
the authority of generalissimo. He
discharged his great trust with fidel
ity, courage, boldness and diplomacy
and with full understanding of the
magnitude of his tasks and of his
obligations to our allies.
Sometimes we hear that Pershing
is not popular with the soldiers. It
is the weapon of envy and detrac
tion. It is not so, in any sense dis
creditable .to him; it would be dis
creditable if he had as a soldier
courted popularity through the arts
and devices of the politician. What
Pershing was thinking of in France
was service, not fame; achievement,
not ease; results, not explanations;
victory, not immunity.
To the soldier in France Pershing
was efficiency plus. The soldier had
confidence in himself and in the
army, and not a small part- of his
confidence was his belief in his cause
and his trust in Pershing. He knew
that no needless sacrifice would be
made; but he also knew that any
necessary sacrifice would by no
means be avoided. Every movement
was carefully timed and measured
and aggressively prosecuted; and for
that reason the war ended in a mini
mum of days, and even with a mini
mum of ' effort after the Americans
got into action.
What the American soldier knew
then about Pershing, the American
citizenv knows now. The country is
grateful to him and gives him a high
place in its affetftion, respect and
admiration.
AMERICAN ART EPOCHS.
Our notion that there have been
no artistic epochs in American his
tory suffers a setback after reading
about that which the editor of Arts
and Decoration calls "the Ruther
ford B. Hayes period of interior
decoration." It . will be suspected
that the art editor has been tempted
to sacrifice strict accuracy to the
makmg of a phrase, yet it will be
conceded that our national taste in
interior furnishing has" improved
vastly in a generation or so.
Haircloth furniture, whatnots
ornamented with clusters of grapes
and marble-topped center tables
antedated the time of Hayes' occu
pancy of the White House, and were
coexistent with the "parlor" that
never was opened except to receive
company. It is unnecessary to sneer
at a past generation to appreciate
the blessings of living in the" newer
age. iThe thought always' obtrudes
itself that our descendants will feel
the same way about us. We wonder
what their ground of criticism will
be.
THOSE SrSPENDKl SOCIALISTS.
Americans are so sensitive about
any infringement on the right of
the people to choose their represen
tatives that many who utterly reject
socialism ara inclined to condemn
the action of the New York As
sembly in suspending five socialist
members until inquiry has been
made into their right to sit.
The question is whether these men
have so bound themselves by a
pledge imposed by their party to per
form their duties in a certain man
ner that they would be mere pup
pets directed by the ruling commit
tee of the socialists; also whether
the principles of that party do not
bind them to work for the destruc
tion by violence of the government
which they would be sworn to uphold.
Although men are t!octed to office
as members of certain parties, whose
principles they strive to put in ef
feet, the socialist party not only ex
acts a pledge in advance of election
to support the party platform, as do
other parties, but keeps a represen
tative's entire course in office under
direction of the party committee.
After election a legislator is expected
to serve all his constituents, those
who opposed as well as those who
supported him. Under his pjedge
the socialist may serve only his
party. He is not truly a representa
tive ot his constituency.
But the socialist legislator is not
only unrepresentative; he is un-
American and anti-American. Soon
after the United States declared war
against Germany, the socialist party
under the domination of its Gei
man leaders adopted resolutions de
nouncing the war and advocating re
sistance to conscription. Some mem
bers protested, and those of them
who did not resign from the party
were expelled. Bolshevism is only
socialism put in practice, and com
munism, the name applied to it by
the bolshevists, is only another name
for socialism. This fact and the
German origin of the theory are
proudly admitted by Victor Berger,
leader of the party in America, for
he said at a meeting in Chicago soon
after Armistice day:
They say that the socialist party is
Herman. Germany will be proud of hav
ing given this socialism to the world. They
are afraid of bolshevism. All socialists
are pro-boishevist today.
Lincoln Steffens, another socialist
leader, says of Trotzky:
lie is not an anarchint. but an orthodox
Marxian socialist, teaching what all the
other great international socialist leaders
talked and wrote.
Socialists cannot be loyal to their
party and-the United States at the
same time, for Karl Marx, father of
the party, calling them communists.
wrote:
The communists everywhere support
every revolutionary movement against the
exls!ng social and political order of
thiivs. They openly declare that their
ends can be attained only by the forcible
overthrow .of all existing social conditions.
Then socialists have the same aim
as the communists, who have been
arrested by thousands in the last ten
lays to overthrow by force the re
publican form of government in, the
United States and to set up their sys
tem in its place. They are, there
fore, not qualified to hold office
under the government of either na
tion or states. If they were content
to promote adoption of their system
by lawful means they would be
qualified, no matter how radical the
changes they proposed.
The right of any district to elect a
man to office is limited by the lawful
requirement that he must have the
constitutional qualifications. A man
who is pledged to vote in a certain
way and to follow the direction of an
outside committee is not qualified. A
member of anorganizaUon which is
CNCLE SAM. SCHOOLMASTER.
Determination of the home edu
cation division of the United States
bureau of education to put itself be
hind a national movement to foster
the reading habit comes to fruition
in the National Reading Circle,
which will justify its existence if it
does nothing else than place empha
sis where it belongs on worth
while books such as are too likely
to be negjected in favor of the
ephemeral output of modern pub
lishers. There are legitimate com
petitors for today's best sellers, if
more people only knew about them.
and it is the province of government
under a new conception of fraternal
ism to aid in giving"vise direction to
popular reading taste. A formal
reading course - may not suit all
needs, and it will be always open to
criticism by those who would cut all
cloth only to their own pattern, but
it can be chosen with a view of giv
ing a glimpse of literature, both good
and great. This the federal bureau,
with the aid of numerous experts,
seems to have accomplished with its
outline of a dozen such courses, be
ginning with the "Iliad" and con
cluding with an "After the War" as
sortment, which the conscientious
reader, if he skips nothing on the
way, will read, perhaps, toward the
close of a decade or so.
A "certificate, bearing the seal of
the United States bureau of educa
tion and signed by the commissioner
of education," is, of course, only
a bait; the real reward will come
from reading of the books. We take
heart for the success of the venture
after reading in the prospectus that
the roster already includes members
in every state in the union and also
most of our possessions. When we
know that "a farmer in Missouri, a
bank clerk in Arkansas, a college
president in Ohio, a draftsman in
Connecticut, a housewife In Hawaii,
a sheet-iron worker in New Jersey
and an evangelist in Delaware" are
being cemented into a new brother
hood by. reading of' the "Iliad" and
the "Odyssey," the "Divine Com
edy," the four greater dramas of
Shakespeare and Goethe's "Faust,"
we begin to feel again that democ
racy is safe.
The bureau holds to the principle
that reading is most profitable to
those who at the same time are gain
ing knowledge through actual and
ordinary experience of life and home
and industrial occupations. It will
have accomplished something if it
spreads wide and far this conception
of the value of serious reading in the
minds of those who have hesitated
because they regarded it as a cere
mony apart from every-day affairs.
"The learner must ever be a worker
and the worker .should ever be a
learner." The words are addressed to
prospective registrants in one of the
reading courses for youths, but they
are as applicable to adults. All-sided
intelligence, fullness of life, happi
ness and usefulness are to be at
tained through heeding the truth
therein contained. For most boys in
the United States school days are
few. The average still is only a little
more than 1000 for each boy, in
which little time is allotted for gen
eral reading. Yet there is time for
the latter, as the bureau of education
points out, even in the case of the
youth who works ten hours a day
six days a week, "if only he has
learned to save his time, has a taste
for reading, and has formed the
reading habit." The bureau puts its
finger on a common cause of failure
of youths to advance, in the phrase,
"if only he has learned to save his
time." But it points out also that
one can learn to save time, and it
offers an incentive for doing so by
showing that the youth working a
suppositious sixty hours a week can,
even with allowance of three hour's
a day for play and recreation, find
as much time for self-improvement
in the course of a year as is devoted
to. his classes by the boy who at
tends school regularly and promptly
five hours a day, nine months in the
year with only three holidays. It
works out this way:
Arc, Napoleon, Darwin, Pasteur and
Michael Angelo (to catalogue only
half of them) are capable of stimu
lating some ambition in the most
apathetic, and we suspect that the
leaders of the movement will not
grieve deeply if their classes depart
sometimes from the beaten track. If
Cromwell proves inspiring, how
much more will some readers obtain
from a biography of Roosevelt and
Darwin and Pasteur may lead to
Edison, Curie, Perkin and the dom
inating figures in science of an even
later day. As has been said, any list
can be at best only a starting point,
and it will have served well when it
has revealed something of the rich
ness of the material from which
there is to choose. j
Those who have learned to read
history, we are told, "find it the
most interesting form of literature."
Undoubtedly this is true of some his
tory and some historians. And since
"the history of the American people
is the story, not of dynasties and
courts, but of the people, their life,
their industry, their aspirations and
the democratic institutions through
which they have sought to attain
these aspirations," it is well to de
part, as this particular reading course
has done, from the conventional
methods of the text books. It will
surprise not a few Americans to
learn that no country on the globe
has a more romantic- history than
their own.
It will be interesting to watch the
course of this experiment in exten
sion education, through which- there
seems to run a definite purpose t"o
acquit our government of the charge
that it takes more interest in its live
stock than in its children, and that
it assumes that anyone can rear a
child, while it requires an expert to
raise a hog. vThat the charge did not
do full Justice to in earlier concep
tion of the functions of government
does not impair the value of the ven
ture. A growing sense of community
responsibility, and certain recent
revelations as to our national educa
tional needs, would seem to justify a
fair trial for the federal reading
circle plan.
ments of the future will depend al
most entirely on the other three
parties for support. With home rule
out of the way, labor and the tariff
are likely to become the political
issues. Lloyd George has been so
careful to keep touch with the labor
ites that we need not be surprised if
be should turn up as their leader,
but he has held the balance so even
between the advocates of recognition
of and 'war on the Russian soviet
that he may end as leader of the
unionist and liberal coalition on a
platform of moderate progress.
TIM1SS
BAD TIME J-OR KIRKS.
The intimate relationship between
fire prevention and the housing
problem is called forcibly to atten
tion in the fit-e marshall's statement
that most of the fires which destroy
homes are the result of carelessness
and nothing else, and his suggestion
that we "stop burning existing build
ings when there are not enough to
go around and more cannot be built
under existing conditions" is both
timely and wise.
War building restrictions, then
high prices of materials and other
conditions which have made building
difficult, when fiot wholly impracti
cal, have created a situation which
may not be fully remedied in years;
but fire prevention is comparatively
simple and within the reach of every
individual. The large proportion of
fires due to heedless use of matches,
to defective heating and lighting ap
paratus and to gasoline point the
way in this regard. More than, half
of the dwellings now destroyed by
flames would be saved by attention
to these particulars alone.
EVOLUTION IN BRITAIN.
The course of events in Great
Britain leads one to believe that
changes are being brought about by
evolution which in Russia were
brought about by revolution and ter
rorisni. The professed purpose of the
bolshevists is to establish rule by the
proletariat, by which they mean the
workers, and in doing it they have
AN EPIC OF THK EARLY '80S.
In the course of the autobiography
to which he has given the title "A
Lawyer's Life on Two Continents,"
Wallls Nash, a valued and venerable
citizen of BentCn county, describes
the rise and decline of the Willam
ette Valley & Coast Railroad com
pany. There are a good many Ore
gonians still living to whom mention
of that venture will recall memories
both agreeable and disagreeable. The
late '70s and early '80s constituted
the visionary period Jn the financial
history of Oregon. Colonel T. Egen
ton Hogg, a fiery and unrecon
structed southerner, who will be re
membered by a few pioneers of the
valley as having conceived the plan,
of building a railroad across Oregon
from Yaquina brty to the Snake river,
there to connect with a transconti
nental line supposed to be waiting
only a favorable opportunity to com
plete its connection with the coast
by this route, was In his heyday.
The Corvallis & Yaquina Bay Wagon
Road company had been subsidized
with a land grant, estimated by Mr.
Nash to have yielded about 60,000
acres. If the wagon road, said the
people, why not a railroad in its
place? There followed the idea of
deepening the channel entrance to
Yaquina bay, which was to be made
the terminal of the transcontinental
road. The deal was partly financed
in England and France, but it Is In
teresting now to recall also the loyal
endeavors of the farmers of the val
ley to help put' it through. Subse
quent failure was not due to lack of
faith, either at home or abroad.
It was in 1877 that Colonel Hogg
and Mr. Nash, the latter then mem-
bar of a firm of London counsellors,
first met in London with the repre
sentative of a banking house having
headquarters in Paris, to discuss the
enlistment of British capital In
venture in far-off Oregon. We real
ize now that, more than forty years
ago. Colonel Hogg had a truer vision
of Oregon than many of its own
citizens had, though he was consid
erably in advance of his time. It Is
recalled that at their first Interview,
in describing the region in which the
wagon road grant was situated, he
declared that "such parts of the
tract as were included in the tract
misnamed the Oregon desert in
the maps of the day would, when
irrigated from the rivers issuing
there from the Cascade mountains,
prove to invite homemaking by
thousands of new settlers." These
and other impressions were con
firmed by Governor Douglas, of the
Hudson's Bay company, who had
had jurisdiction over this region
prior to the settlement of the bound
ary question, and the English finan
cial expedition to Oregon was the
result.
The day of railroads in Oregon, as
Mr. Nash truthfully observes, had
not fully come. But the main line
from Portland southward was
"struggling along, bit by bit." Money
was being "wrung out of unwilling
bondholders, who were urged to in
vest more to save their first ven
tures," and "first franchise holders
t.,nB rt M, nrAinn Pacific" came BY-PRODI CTs)
soon afterward. Then the ebb. A
good deal had been staked on the Barnard Alomaae Ope. Book Barroom ,
Yaquina Jetty system, and the con- - s-r -
gresslonal method of making appro- Two Barnard college graduates are
priations In driblets, we are prepared leading a movement to substitute
to believe, made the work unduly - book. or intoxicants, now that the
expensive. Then congress withheld
eijiciio ve. xiru y.vb w country has gone "dry." and are
aid. A succession of receivership, ,
beset the railroad. Two steamships opening a "book and art lovers' tav
went aground at the harbor entrance, j ern" in a hotel in New York. The
Internal dissensions followed. The j New York Evening Post says of their
Oregon Pacific, at length sold f or plan:
$100,000, came ultimately into pos- This Is the beginning of what it Is
session of its rival. The tragedy was j hoped will prove to be a national ex
completed when the chief promoter . periment In that direction and a
ot the enterprise died suddenly while means of finding an adequate sub
in quest of funds to avert tne cam
Twilight.
By Grace E. Hall.
clysm:
The unwisdom of counting chick
ens before they were hatched was
common to the period. The lesson
was that faith alone would not move
mountains. But the author has
Hved to see a good many of his
early dreams come true. It is an In
teresting coincidence that a partici
pant in this drama of finance and
speculation should have been an
actor, fifty years ago now, in the
movement to stimulate investment
by relieving stockholders of the un
just penalties of unlimited liability.
The act of parliament which Mr.
Nash helped to frame, and which he
notes that he has recognized in the
ideas and even the wording of the
codes in many of our .states, brought
about a revolution m business
throughout the world. But it will be
borne in mind that skill in mobiliza
tion of capital was relatively unde
veloped in the times of which the
author writes. The Oregon Pacific
and its co-related ventures were, at
least in part, sacrifices to popular
incapacity in organization of large
affairs. .
stitute for the saloon. "Bodks in
stead of booze" is the slogan and pur
pose of this movement, which has
for its object the substitution of a
literary for an alcoholic thirst.
"A large part of the money that has
gone Into alcohol," Mrs. Hanau says,
"can be diverted to wider reading.
Despite the general increase in the
cost of living, there are many pub
lishers issuing the best type of liter- j
aiure at prices wimin reacn oi every
one. Besides, reading has been too
exclusive a prerogative with the
women of America. I believe that
the American man's Interest in books
should be expanded and that the
best means for doing this is'by in
troducing literature Into what used
to be the saloon."
If this barroom bookshop proves
practical, these enterprising young
women intend to expand their work
to a wider field and to enlist the
co-operation of the various national
societies which are now engaged in
the problem of finding a substitute for
the saloon.
A news item that among a ship.
load of immigrants who had just ar
rived in New York from Europe
were some hundreds of girls seeking
situations as domestics resulted In a
flood of applications to the National
Travelers' Aid society, and in disap
pointment for ' every applicaut.
"There is not," said one of the so
ciety's officials, "a servant in sight
anywhere. There will never be a
(7-a-week servant again." We might
as well begin right away to adjust
ourselves to the new order. Nor is it
a great many years, as time runs,
since domestic servants were rela
tively as scarce in some parts of the
country as they are now, and the
problem was solved by making
housewifery an accomplishment of
every girl. The time may come again
when families will "do their own
work," albeit invention and progress
have done a good deal to make the neighbors raised
Never before In the history of De
Kalb county, Georgia, has there been
such feasting on spareribs. backbone,
scrapple and chitterlings as in the
present "spell" of hog killing weath
er, and the soul-satisfying aroma ot
corn bread cracklings and the cook
ing down of leaf fat Is a welcome
addition.
Cracklings are known In this sec
tion as one of the most delicious of
dishes writes a Decatur. Ga., corres
pondent of the Atlanta Constitution,
with the possible exception of roasted
pigtail that tasty morsel that uni
versally goes to the children equally
divided. Strange it Is that a hog will
go to his grave In utter ignorance of
what godd eating his tail is to make.
Without dilating further on the
pleasures of the hog killing season,
it may be stated that more and big
ger hogs have been killed in DeKalb
this year than ever before.
Paul Robson says that one of his
hog which com-
When the blood-red sun sinks swoon
ing In the luring arms of night.
Mystic folk with tiny wrenches pais
and turn each glaring light.
'Til a mlst-Hke veil of shadow slowly
o'er the earth descends.
And the red and gold of sunset with
the twilight silver blends.
Feathered flocks come honking home
ward from the brook; the cows
plod by;
Chanticleer with preen and flourish,
struts the path, his head held
high;
From the field half green, half fal
lowed, comes the farmer with
his team.
As the West, her gray robe donning,
spurns the sun's last proffered
gleam.
Down the woodland path where na
ture flaunts her treasures
everywhere.
Come the lad and lassie strolling
from the school house bleak
and bare;
By the creek that speaks a language
never printed in a book.
Loitering, they too are speaking shy
ly and with bashful look.
Gathers he the purple trillium from
the wilderness of bloom,
Dog-wood, fern and flowering cur
rant vieing with the wild
Scotch broom ;
Lady fair and lad devoted, onward
then they slowly roam.
Building castles of the fancy, in the
twilight, going home.
Pass the vears on wings of gladness
when two lives are quite serene.
And a vine-wreathed cottage nestles
now against that woodland
scene ;
While- a baby's prayer at twilight
lisped beside the mother's knee.
Seems to draw a shaft of glory, like
a halo-dazzlingly.
Near-by brook, in words unfathomcd,
calls forever as it flows.
And Its lure Is heard and answered
by a happy pair that goes
Down the woodland path unheeding,
dog and child with Joyous cry.
And the ranger lingers, smiling, in
the sunset, passing by.
Daring feet go splashing outward In
the waters clear and cool. .
While the dog gives keen attention
to his image In the pool;
Comes the boy with speckled beau
ties, and the partners take the
trail
That shall lead them to the cottage
ere the twilight drops Its veil.
tasK easier tnan u was in pioneer pleleiy fjiied a 10-foot pen, and the
pen had to be torn away from tne
times.
Admiral Sims says he recommend
ed a medal of honor for Knsign
Hainmann for exceptional bravery in
HCtion, but that Secretary Daniels cut
the award to a lesser distinction. We
do not know just what act of bravery
Mr. Hammann performed, but on
general principles, any man who can
carry a name like that should get
the best medal there is.
"Don't dance from the waist up,
dance from the .waist down," says a
booklet Issued by the American Na
tloinal Association of Masters of
Dancing. But grace Is a gift not be
stowed on all of us, and there are
some who simply can't help dancing
all over.
well nigh exterminated all of the
aristocracy and middle class which were struggling desperately to hold
did not flee. The British labor party i on to some jumping off place where
The vegetarians are entitled to
such satisfaction as they can derive
from the figures of the United States
department of agriculture, which
show that the American people are pledged to attempt overthrow of the , and Florence Nightingale, Elizabeth cessors of the nationalists will then
A boy who has learned to use his time
well and has a little good advice in select
ing books may easily read two dozen good
books a year without Infringing on his
time for worK, sleep or play, and recrea
tion. By reading two dozen good books
a year, any boy may, before he la 20
years old. become familiar with a large
part or the best literature of the world
fill his mind with helpful ideas and noble
ideals, and gain much of the finest culture
that the world can ofler. Many men have
attained a.11 thiswith less of opportunity
tban is presupposed here.
The bureau has not fallen into
the error, in preparing its lists for
youths of both sexes, of under-ap
praising their intelligence. "The
Jungle Book," "Robinson Crusoe,"
"Treasure Island, David Copper
field." "Lorna Doone," Parkman's
"The Oregon Trail" are among the
books that are perennially fit for
young and old. These same young
folks will be interested in the bu
reau's adult course of thirty biog
raphies, from Moses to Robert Louis
Stevenson, in the course in American
literature, and in part of that in
American history. Biography is an
especially sound foundation for in
culcation of thought. Socrates and
St. Paul, " Dante, Moliere, Shake
speare and Goethe Francis of Asslsi
has the same purpose, modified to
read supremacy of the working class,
but enlisting the other classes in its
service Instead of exterminating
them. It is content to effect the
change by degrees, nationalizing
first the coal mines, 'then the rail
roads, then some other industry, and
securing for labor enough directors
to have real voice In management.
Instead of revolution they have di
rect action strikes of great masses of
men and they make an open fight for
control of parliament. This is the
moderate, methodical, but , deter
mined and peculiarly British way
of bringing about profound changes.
It presents as strong a contrast to
the Russian way as does the British
character to the Russian character.
Skilled political strategist that he
Is, Lloyd George sees the drift of
things and maneuvers to command
one of the political armies in the
coming struggle. Since the election
of a year ago he has felt his hold on
the working class weakening as the
labor party brought forward more
radical plans, to father which would
have caused a breach with his union
ist supporters and would have
broken up the coalition. He has
sought to strengthen his grip by
putting forward a more moderate
programme, which in other days
would have been called radical, and
he prepares for the inevitable re
organization of parties by getting
Into a position to jump either way.
He has hitherto been leader of the
extreme left wing , of the liberal
party, but it has moved farther to
the left, while Lloyd George's asso
ciation-with the unionists In coalition
cabinets may have moderated his
dislike of dukes.
By-elections have been straws
pointing to a new alignment of par
ties, in which the two liberal wings
would re-unite and divide again on
new lines, the radicals going over to
labor and the moderates still main
taining the party identity but form
ing a coalition with the unionists.
The existing coalition has suffered
a notable loss of popularity since It
secured an unprecedented majority
in parliament in. December, 1918,
and the labor party 1ms made equally
notable gains. The coalition's losses
have been due as much to voting by
men who abstained at the general
election as to changes of sides. This
was the case at Spen Valley, York
shire, where a far heavier poll than
in 1918 elected a laborite. with an
Asquith liberal second and a coali
tionist a bad third in a district
which gave a coalitionist a majority
of almost 2000 over a laborite in the
last election.
If the labor party continues to gain
at this rate, it will become a formid
able contender for control of the
government, and may only be de
feated by a coalition of the two old
parties. The Asquith government
which held office at the outbreak of
war was supported by a coalition of
liberals, laborltes and Irish nation
alists. When the new Kome rule bill
Is passed, as seems certain, Ireland
will have only forty-two instead of
105 members and probably a fourth
of these will be unionists. The suc-
ea-Uag b per ceut less meat than they government is not qualified. The , Fry a and Cout.1 Tolstoy Joan of.be a email factor, and the govern-1
they might get off and sell to some
greater power."
Rut the Corvallis people took courage as
thev saw-that the big railroad was getting
built, even though men ware sweating
blood to do It. Our valley friends had ab
sorbed the Idea that a railroad might be
built bit by bit say ten miles at a time
and that if onre started by the first ten
miles being built, that could be mortgaged,
and so money could be found to finish the
second ten miles, and so on. Thus men
who between them had, possibly, $r0,000,
boldly marched forward to spend $100,000
So the Willamette Valley & Coast
Railroad company had Its beginning.
"The capital was small, but the name
was big." "It was the, way of the
times. "The legislature also was as
young In years as it was old in faith,"
and it granted the company, In con
sideration of a contract to carry the
militia and munitions of the state
whenever called on, the tide lands
in Benton county. The promoters
went back to Corvallis and went to
work on the first ten miles westward.
Money was scarcer than labor so they
enlisted all the farmers along the line with
their wagons and teams, itcrapars and
shovels. The women fed the men, the
barns opened out with oats. and. dirt flew
These directors of a moneyless road knew
I suppose, that a railroad meant rails and
sleepers end cars, and especially engineers
-but they literally took no thought for
the morrow. This was summer time, and
until. the autumn rains set in all went well.
The county surveyor set out the line and
such trifles as blasting In rocks and cuts
they left out and passed on. Tho Mary's
river had to be crossed, but the bridges
also were a future task. They had got
quite a number of holes in the ground
when the rains came on and the farmers
went home.
It was at this point that Colonel
Hogg happened along, heard of the
gTant lands, saw the struggling rail
road, viewed Yaquina bay and had
his vision. He "made conditional
terms all around," visited the Albany
local headquarters of the land grant
across the state from the Willamette
to the S,nakr. "which meant the own
ership of 430,000 acres of land and
illimitable timber." With these
cards in his hands, he "made terms
with the San Francisco house of the
French bankers who owned the big
land grant, and then sailed for Eng
land." Teiv miles of second-hand railroad
iron, a small locomotive, two pas
senger cars and a baggage and mail
car picked up at a bargain set the
road going. The Oregon Pacific, tak
ing over the contracts and property
of the Willamette Valley & Coast.
started out to construct the road that
was to cross the state completely
from west. to east. .Rails for the line
between Corvallis and Y'aquina were
bought in England and sent to the
Pacific coast in ships that returned
to Europe with cargoes of wheat.
But Yaquina was not a port for big
ships and the rails were landed at
Portland. Work on the Yaquina
jetties progressed. Rivalry insepar
able from the period became intense.
"When the Southern Pacific refused
to deliver from their cars wheat to
us at Corvallis, the valley farmers
within twenty or thirty miles loaded
up their wagons with the wheat."
Strings of thirty or forty wagons at a
t.'me could be seen through the dust clouds
hauling to Corvallis and the cars there.
The two trains. Oregon Pacific and South
ern Pacific, ran alongside each other at
the Albany depot of the older line which
already adjoined land provided by the city
for t.'io o. f. k.
Here comes a man who would
meet bolshevlsm's criticism of civi
lization by reorganizing civilization.
But there are still some folks like
Falstaff. who, "if reasons were as
plenty as blackberries would give no
man a reason under compulsion."
animal before it could be slaughtered.
By far the most interesting re
mains of the lost people of Arizona
are their network of canals which
prevail through all the valleys. The
longest is the one tapping the Gila
river, and which supplied with water
the ancient city, now marked with
the one standing building. This Is
the Casa Grande, about which so
much has been written, and which
has excited much interest among
archaeologists in tb last 10 years.
The volume of water taken out by
this canal must have been Immense,
for it supported millions of acres. In
most places the canal has been filled
with drifting sand, but its course is
easily traced. Engineers who located
the Maricopa canal made use of the
old Aztec ditch, and today water runs
over its pebbly bottom Just as it did
200 or 3000 years ago.
It is urged in favor of the new
anesthetic -that the patient will be
able to sit up and see himself oper
ated on, although experiencing no
sensation of pain. This sensation Is
reserved until afterward, when the
bill comes ln.
More than a fifth of the teachers
In the country resigned last year to
accept better-paid employment. The
anticipatory strike" seems to be
about as effective as the kind we
are more accustomed to.
We are indebted to the Missouri
Botanical Gardens for the informa
tion that a-rracacha is a new kind o
vegetable fit for food, it sounds a
good deal more like the name of a
new 2.75 beverage.
The "good provider" who was the
pride of his wife for insisting on
always having a sack of dry granu
lated and one of extra C In the sugar
bin, has ceased to exist, at $18 a hun
dred. .
"There is something wrong some
where, just where I cannot say," re
marks Attorney-General Palmer to
the retail clothiers. Mr. Palmer
probably Is right both times.
Independence hall, the "birthplace
of liberty." came into existence with
out any thought of the part it was
destined to play in the birth of the
nation. Necessity really created it
It appears that the provincial assem
bly of Pennsylvania had been meeting
in a house, annually rented In 1'htl
adelphia. until May 1, 1729. It was
shortly after this date that the as
sembly voted 2000 ($10,000) toward
the purchase of ground for the build
ing and Its construction. It was de
signed by Andrew Hamilton, a barrls
ter of Philadelphia, who,In making
his plans, provided for two wings,
one of them Congress hall. In 173
ground for the building was broken,
but the construction dragged on for
some yeurs before the work was
finished, although Certain rooms were
used for some years before the whole
was completed.
Construction of Congress hall be
gan in 1787, and was completed In
1789. and the remaining wing of In-: L,ies the secret source of being.
Then the voices of the city claim the
child to manhood grown.
And there comes the world-old part
ing that all parent-hearts have
known ;
Sad the farewell sweet and tender
to the scenes of childhood days.
As he hears Ambition pleading in the
solemn evening haze.
Once again the home is silent; only
two sit hy the door:
And the dog seems ever watching for
the one who comes no more:
While the brook is calling, calling, as
they listen, sad and lone.
And they catch a bnby'B laughter In
the iniislu of Its tone.
Yonder ewlng so gaunt and empty is
a shrine of vanished years.
And they keep Its meaning verdant
with a mist of loving tears;
But in time the peace of twilight
softens pain that comes at
morn.
And each soul assumes new beauty
fron the cross that's bravely
borne.
Frost Is sparkling on the 'fir-tree,
comes the swirling snow at
night.
While the mystic folk are slowly
turning off the parish light:
Looks of brown have turned to sti
ver, life takes on the .twilight
lone.
As the man and woman waiting in
the firelight dream alone.
Looking out beyond the sky-lino
where the West Is turning
gray.
They have pierced the twilight
shadows, glimpsing God's eter
nal day.
And beyond the road of sorrow that
is trod by every man.
They have faith in that Tomorrow
which fulfills each mortal plan.
There's a stream where boats are
hailing those who wish to cross
and go.
And some evening they'll be sailing
out beyond the sunset glow;
Trustingly, they'll leave the dear
, woods set with many a Nature
gem.
nt twilight gross the harbor
where a White Ship waits for
t hem.
And
l.lKK'S I'RIK SIliMFICASiCB.
Deeper than all sense of seeing.
The navy Is calling for a greater
number of recruits than we had In
our entire maritime Industry in the
palmy days when Americans went
down to the sea in ships.
It would be possible, declares Ad
miral Sims, to fire a rocket from the
earth to the moon. Can't the ad
miral think up an e"asier way to get
rid of Secretary Daniels?
"Opium in coal seized." runs a
news headline. "Coal in opium
seized" would seem to fit better,
squaring with modern fuel rates.
Poker playing Is declining. Shall
we attribute It to the demise of John
Barleycorn, or to the growing popu
larity of the automobile?
The high cost of religion revealed
by numerous "drives" oughtn't to be
disturbing. The real article is worth
whatever it may cost.
Billy Sunday's "I love to hate you"
is a phrase that expresses a good
many persons' feelings toward John
Barleycorn.
Two of the kaiser's sons are seek
ing divorces, and two lucky kaiser's
daughter-ln-laws in the bargain.
It beats the Dutch how far Hol
land Is willing to go to maintain a
tradition for hospitality.
It looks as if there is going to be
a fertile field for American artists
with talent for "still" life.
The man who has just bought th
Omaha Bee will not be stung. It is
a good newspaper property.
dependence halL known as "City
hall." was started In 17S9 and fin
ished in 1791.
There are two rather important
Georges in England though the av
erage American newspaper reader
never would guess it and it makes a
lot of difference which one a critic
makes his target. If It happens to be
King George, the consequences may be
dire; but if Lloyd George Is the object
of more or less derogatory remarks,
the chances for "getting by" are so
much better that It amounts to virtu
ally no risk at all.
A case In point la that of Captain
Thomas Joseph O'Donnell.ichaplaln of
an Australian regiment in France. He
was charged with saying that "a few
satellites of King George are filling
their pockets at the expense of the
working people." He was tried be
fore a court-martial, but when" his at
torneys Bhowed by witnesses that if
he said anything approxtfliating the
statement In question, the name he
used was "Lloyd" George and not
"King" George, he was promptly ac
quitted. A young soldier, who has traveled
much in the trail of war. sends this
to the Living Age: "I am at Haifa,
which is now the most important
coastal town in Palestine. The ex
kalser visited the place in pre-war
daysand passed on to Bethlehem. A
Canadian soldier who heard of this
remarked, 'You bet the shepherds
watched their flocks that night!'"
t
Said the honeybee to the butterfly:
"You never save honey an' yoUsdon"t
half try.
I've kep' on workin' an takln' heed
Till I put by more than a whole year's
need."
And the soul with truth agreeing
Levms to iive In thoughts and deeds
For this life is more than raiment.
And the earth is pledged for pay
ment. Lino man for all hlK needs
Life is not a game of chances.
But It steadily advances
Up the ruBKed heights of time.
Till each complex web of trouble
Every sad hope's broken bubble
Hath a meaning most sublime.
Nature is our common mother,
Kvery living man our brother.
Therefore, let us serve each other
So we meet the law's behests.
Then we learn the art of living.
And to live and learn is best.
When true hearts divinely gifted
From the chaff of error sifted
Shall the world must clearly see.
That each greatest time of trial
Calls for holy self-denial
(.'alls oi man di- i: . d ho.
Then forever nd forever.
Let it he the soul's endeavor
Love front hatred to i. itst-wi'
In whatso'or we do
Prawn by love's eternal beauty
To our highest sense of duty
Kvermore be firm nnd true.
BYRON T. KINO.
AfTER-'IATH.
Calmly, clear-eyed Reason paus-ed be
side a gate.
Looking farther on befbre Ire en
tered; Fancy Free came lightly, ne'er a mo
ment's wait,
Ope'd the gate, on clouds her -ion
centered.
Reason followed slowly, seeing Fancy
float.
Oft he paused with stones to mark
the path;
Fancy perished weakly in an unseen
moat.
While Reason found a bridge to
aftermath.
J EAXETTE MARTIN.
STARS.
Everybody line up to welcome
"iiisU-watur marks of Uie for- Persians to Portland' J
Said the butterfly to the honeybee:
"Enough' should be plenty for you or j
me.
And I notice the food you strive to The stars were wondrous bright to me
clutch in lonely days of yore.
Isn't helpin' your disposition much." I I thought they could ne'er briefer
I be.
The farmhand gathered the honey ' Or never sparkle more.
crop. i
The bee endeavored to make him . But they've become a world ,mon
stop, j bright
Said the man as he aimed a blow Since 1 first spoke with you;
I severe. For now 1 ltnow that every night
"I won't be stung by no iiroliurr." You're looking t them too.
Waahiugtou Star. DOROTHY L HALL.