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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Jan. 18, 1920)
.8 THE SUNDAY OREGON! AX, PORTLAND, JANUARY 18, 19() ( were twenty years ago. A survey New York assembly rightly sus j was made recently of ?000 dietary i pended the five socialist members- records, covering a period of seven elect until it had inquired into their STABL1HHEU BV HENRY L. pilTOCK. I days and relating to 1425 families j qualifications. When it has found Published by The Oreisonian Publishing Co.. j and 575 institutions in forty-six , them to be disqualified it will be r- a1-'""' I'ortl,l"d-Of";'1 I states. Sixteen nationalities and j justified in denying them their seats. E. B. PIPER. Editor. C. A. MORDEX Manager. The Oregonian Is a member of the Asso ciated Press. The Associated press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publica tion of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and a 'so the local news published herein. - All rights of republication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Subscription Kates Invariably in Advance. (By Mail.) Ially, Sunday Included, one year $S.OO Jj.tily, Sunday included, six months .... 4.3 rally, Sunday included, three months. . 2.1!."i Iaily, Sunday Included, one month . . Dally, without Sunday, one year Ially, without Sunday, six months .. Dally, without Sunday, one month -. Weekly, one year fc-unaay, one year many occupations and incomes were represented, as were also both urban and rural localities. Consumption of grain products was shown also to have decreased about 11 per cent, but this was' atoned for by an in crease of 6 per cent in dairy products, 4 per cent more vegetables and 8 per cent more fruit. Analysis of food elements contained in the dietary showed them to be more closely in accord with approved nutrition proximately the kind of foods that are best for him. oo ' s'andards than would have been ex j pected, and the department experts .w j conclude that while individual habits 50 ! neel to be corrected, the average sunaay ana weemy a.uij person in tnis country is getting ap (By Carrier.) ral!y. Sunday Included, one year $9.00 Daily, Sunday included, three months. . 2.25 Dally. Sunday included, one month 75 Daily, wli hout Sunday, one year 7.S-J Dally, without Sunday, three months... 1. !."". Daily, without Sunday, one month 5 How to Remit Send postoffice money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postoffice address in full, including county and state. Postage Rates 12 to 18 pages, 1 cent; 18 to o2 pages. 2 cents: 34 to 4S pages. 3 cents; 50 to 60 pages, 4 cents; t2 to 7d Pages, o cents; 78 to 82 pages, $ cents. 'Grelgn postage, double rates. Eastern Huwlneas Office Verree & Conk lin, Brunswick building. New York; Verree & Conklin, Steger building, Chicago: Ver ree & Conklin, Free Press building, De troit, Mich. San Francisco representative, R. J. Bldwell. INDUSTRY AND SPORTSMANSHIP. The motives that Induced Gov ernor Olcott to sign the new fish and game bill are quite as obvious as the intent of the legislature in passing the measure. It is clear That the governor was glad to find any pass able way out of the maze in which he had become involved: it fs just as plain that the legislature planned, first, to make a workable division of game and commercial interests, as signing to each authority in its own field and giving joint control through an arbiter over the common zone; and, second, to prevent the executive from carrying out his threat to dis miss the present commission by tak ing over to itself the power to name the commissioners. It is frankly an expedient to meet an emergency created by the- hasty and ill-considered ultimatum of Mr. Olcott. It should not have been made. It did nothing to compose the trouble, but much to aggravate it. We do not profess to be able to read the governor's mind, but we fancy that he is pleased that he will not be called upon to make good his threat, or bluff, or whatever it was. He should be pleased. It is nonsense to say as one organ of the war-making sportsmen says that the result is a victory for the salmon packers, in the sense that "it gives them domination over Oregon's wild life." In all the furore made by certain representatives of a fac tion of the sportsmen about the in iquitous machinations of the pack ers, there has been no shoving, and no serious attempt at it, that the commercial interests were seeking to do aught but look after their own legitimate interests and were not as desirous of being separated from the sportsmen as the latter were to be free. Now there is to be a commis sion of eight, of which five shall represent that great body of fancy free citizens who would fish and hunt for pleasure, and three repre sent those profit-hunting gentlemen who have thought it no crime to support an industry that makes a regular contribution to the general food supply. It has not yet been ex plained by anybody how the three are to outvote and control the five, and the joint chairman besides. During the recent discussion, the voices of the sportsmen were oc casionally heard above the din sup plicating the legislature to protect the "wild life" of the state. For whose benefit? For the benefit of the birds and the fishes and the animals? Or ot the sportsmen? If we under stand the wishes and methods of that great and entirely reputable ' fra ternity, they desire to be free, under certain restrictions, to shoot and kill game, and to whip the streams for the agile trout and salmon and others of the finny tribe. It Is not in the spirit of the nature-lover or the humanitarian that they are con cerned about wild life, but of the hunter in the chase. They do not pretend that they hunt or fish, as the aborigine hunted and fished for food but for the excitement and pleasure of sport. They would pro tect wild life in order, at their leis ure, to destroy it. The preservation of wild life, then. in any sense of sportsmanship, is of no concern whatever to the general public. If any citizen wants a bird or a fish, he goes to the market and buys a chicken or a salmon, knowing that he can get neither pheasant nor duck nor mountain trout, but happy in the feeling that all citizens, in their sovereign collective capacity as a state, have reserved those delec table rareties for the privileged class who have the time and inclination to go out and get them. Let it not be understood that we do not sympathize with the sports man and his pleasant avocation, and would do nothing for him. Not at all. "We would preserve wild life, partly for Its own sake, in its proper habi tat, and partly for the hunters' and fishers' sake. We would support any reasonable proposal to that end. But we are impatient, and we believe that the public is impatient, with the constant clamor about the rights and privileges of the sportsmen as if they were hedged about by a certain sanctity with a definite implica tion indeed, outright assertion in certain cases that the commercial interest must give way to them. The public welfare does not harmonize with any such programme. It lies distinctly with industry,- and not mere sportsmanship. The result at the legislature is a vindication of the fish and game commission. It was intended by the legislature to be. It is curious that the original cause of the recent war - fare on the commissiion Mr. Fin ley and his dismissal was almost wholly lost to sight. The outcome is an organization -that should, and doubtless will, give to the sportsmen and their interests intelligent and constructive consideration, and to the commercial concerns, with their thousands of men- engaged in in dustry, the same thing. We do not think that either interest can ask or expect more. Certainly the public will not be disposed to give more. Nor need it pay attention to the rant- ings of their associates. The uniform boast of socialists is that they will use all the devices of the law and the courts to defeat any attempt to bring them to justice. Socialism is a public enemy, and should be treated as one. OEMKAI. PERSHING. The day is coming indeed it is here when every American soldier who served in France will make it his .boast that he "fought with Pershing." Certainly every Amer ican citizen who is loyal to his coun- i try and its causes glories in the rec- ' ti I'll marl hv Ihc (rnllanl nrmv nf America in the great war and by its competent and soldierly command ing genertal. The choice of John J. Pershing to be head of the American Expedition ary Forces was most fortunate. It is to the credit of the president and the secretary of war that the selection was, made solely on, the ground of merit and that they gave Pershing the authority of generalissimo. He discharged his great trust with fidel ity, courage, boldness and diplomacy and with full understanding of the magnitude of his tasks and of his obligations to our allies. Sometimes we hear that Pershing is not popular with the soldiers. It is the weapon of envy and detrac tion. It is not so, in any sense dis creditable .to him; it would be dis creditable if he had as a soldier courted popularity through the arts and devices of the politician. What Pershing was thinking of in France was service, not fame; achievement, not ease; results, not explanations; victory, not immunity. To the soldier in France Pershing was efficiency plus. The soldier had confidence in himself and in the army, and not a small part- of his confidence was his belief in his cause and his trust in Pershing. He knew that no needless sacrifice would be made; but he also knew that any necessary sacrifice would by no means be avoided. Every movement was carefully timed and measured and aggressively prosecuted; and for that reason the war ended in a mini mum of days, and even with a mini mum of ' effort after the Americans got into action. What the American soldier knew then about Pershing, the American citizenv knows now. The country is grateful to him and gives him a high place in its affetftion, respect and admiration. AMERICAN ART EPOCHS. Our notion that there have been no artistic epochs in American his tory suffers a setback after reading about that which the editor of Arts and Decoration calls "the Ruther ford B. Hayes period of interior decoration." It . will be suspected that the art editor has been tempted to sacrifice strict accuracy to the makmg of a phrase, yet it will be conceded that our national taste in interior furnishing has" improved vastly in a generation or so. Haircloth furniture, whatnots ornamented with clusters of grapes and marble-topped center tables antedated the time of Hayes' occu pancy of the White House, and were coexistent with the "parlor" that never was opened except to receive company. It is unnecessary to sneer at a past generation to appreciate the blessings of living in the" newer age. iThe thought always' obtrudes itself that our descendants will feel the same way about us. We wonder what their ground of criticism will be. THOSE SrSPENDKl SOCIALISTS. Americans are so sensitive about any infringement on the right of the people to choose their represen tatives that many who utterly reject socialism ara inclined to condemn the action of the New York As sembly in suspending five socialist members until inquiry has been made into their right to sit. The question is whether these men have so bound themselves by a pledge imposed by their party to per form their duties in a certain man ner that they would be mere pup pets directed by the ruling commit tee of the socialists; also whether the principles of that party do not bind them to work for the destruc tion by violence of the government which they would be sworn to uphold. Although men are t!octed to office as members of certain parties, whose principles they strive to put in ef feet, the socialist party not only ex acts a pledge in advance of election to support the party platform, as do other parties, but keeps a represen tative's entire course in office under direction of the party committee. After election a legislator is expected to serve all his constituents, those who opposed as well as those who supported him. Under his pjedge the socialist may serve only his party. He is not truly a representa tive ot his constituency. But the socialist legislator is not only unrepresentative; he is un- American and anti-American. Soon after the United States declared war against Germany, the socialist party under the domination of its Gei man leaders adopted resolutions de nouncing the war and advocating re sistance to conscription. Some mem bers protested, and those of them who did not resign from the party were expelled. Bolshevism is only socialism put in practice, and com munism, the name applied to it by the bolshevists, is only another name for socialism. This fact and the German origin of the theory are proudly admitted by Victor Berger, leader of the party in America, for he said at a meeting in Chicago soon after Armistice day: They say that the socialist party is Herman. Germany will be proud of hav ing given this socialism to the world. They are afraid of bolshevism. All socialists are pro-boishevist today. Lincoln Steffens, another socialist leader, says of Trotzky: lie is not an anarchint. but an orthodox Marxian socialist, teaching what all the other great international socialist leaders talked and wrote. Socialists cannot be loyal to their party and-the United States at the same time, for Karl Marx, father of the party, calling them communists. wrote: The communists everywhere support every revolutionary movement against the exls!ng social and political order of thiivs. They openly declare that their ends can be attained only by the forcible overthrow .of all existing social conditions. Then socialists have the same aim as the communists, who have been arrested by thousands in the last ten lays to overthrow by force the re publican form of government in, the United States and to set up their sys tem in its place. They are, there fore, not qualified to hold office under the government of either na tion or states. If they were content to promote adoption of their system by lawful means they would be qualified, no matter how radical the changes they proposed. The right of any district to elect a man to office is limited by the lawful requirement that he must have the constitutional qualifications. A man who is pledged to vote in a certain way and to follow the direction of an outside committee is not qualified. A member of anorganizaUon which is CNCLE SAM. SCHOOLMASTER. Determination of the home edu cation division of the United States bureau of education to put itself be hind a national movement to foster the reading habit comes to fruition in the National Reading Circle, which will justify its existence if it does nothing else than place empha sis where it belongs on worth while books such as are too likely to be negjected in favor of the ephemeral output of modern pub lishers. There are legitimate com petitors for today's best sellers, if more people only knew about them. and it is the province of government under a new conception of fraternal ism to aid in giving"vise direction to popular reading taste. A formal reading course - may not suit all needs, and it will be always open to criticism by those who would cut all cloth only to their own pattern, but it can be chosen with a view of giv ing a glimpse of literature, both good and great. This the federal bureau, with the aid of numerous experts, seems to have accomplished with its outline of a dozen such courses, be ginning with the "Iliad" and con cluding with an "After the War" as sortment, which the conscientious reader, if he skips nothing on the way, will read, perhaps, toward the close of a decade or so. A "certificate, bearing the seal of the United States bureau of educa tion and signed by the commissioner of education," is, of course, only a bait; the real reward will come from reading of the books. We take heart for the success of the venture after reading in the prospectus that the roster already includes members in every state in the union and also most of our possessions. When we know that "a farmer in Missouri, a bank clerk in Arkansas, a college president in Ohio, a draftsman in Connecticut, a housewife In Hawaii, a sheet-iron worker in New Jersey and an evangelist in Delaware" are being cemented into a new brother hood by. reading of' the "Iliad" and the "Odyssey," the "Divine Com edy," the four greater dramas of Shakespeare and Goethe's "Faust," we begin to feel again that democ racy is safe. The bureau holds to the principle that reading is most profitable to those who at the same time are gain ing knowledge through actual and ordinary experience of life and home and industrial occupations. It will have accomplished something if it spreads wide and far this conception of the value of serious reading in the minds of those who have hesitated because they regarded it as a cere mony apart from every-day affairs. "The learner must ever be a worker and the worker .should ever be a learner." The words are addressed to prospective registrants in one of the reading courses for youths, but they are as applicable to adults. All-sided intelligence, fullness of life, happi ness and usefulness are to be at tained through heeding the truth therein contained. For most boys in the United States school days are few. The average still is only a little more than 1000 for each boy, in which little time is allotted for gen eral reading. Yet there is time for the latter, as the bureau of education points out, even in the case of the youth who works ten hours a day six days a week, "if only he has learned to save his time, has a taste for reading, and has formed the reading habit." The bureau puts its finger on a common cause of failure of youths to advance, in the phrase, "if only he has learned to save his time." But it points out also that one can learn to save time, and it offers an incentive for doing so by showing that the youth working a suppositious sixty hours a week can, even with allowance of three hour's a day for play and recreation, find as much time for self-improvement in the course of a year as is devoted to. his classes by the boy who at tends school regularly and promptly five hours a day, nine months in the year with only three holidays. It works out this way: Arc, Napoleon, Darwin, Pasteur and Michael Angelo (to catalogue only half of them) are capable of stimu lating some ambition in the most apathetic, and we suspect that the leaders of the movement will not grieve deeply if their classes depart sometimes from the beaten track. If Cromwell proves inspiring, how much more will some readers obtain from a biography of Roosevelt and Darwin and Pasteur may lead to Edison, Curie, Perkin and the dom inating figures in science of an even later day. As has been said, any list can be at best only a starting point, and it will have served well when it has revealed something of the rich ness of the material from which there is to choose. j Those who have learned to read history, we are told, "find it the most interesting form of literature." Undoubtedly this is true of some his tory and some historians. And since "the history of the American people is the story, not of dynasties and courts, but of the people, their life, their industry, their aspirations and the democratic institutions through which they have sought to attain these aspirations," it is well to de part, as this particular reading course has done, from the conventional methods of the text books. It will surprise not a few Americans to learn that no country on the globe has a more romantic- history than their own. It will be interesting to watch the course of this experiment in exten sion education, through which- there seems to run a definite purpose t"o acquit our government of the charge that it takes more interest in its live stock than in its children, and that it assumes that anyone can rear a child, while it requires an expert to raise a hog. vThat the charge did not do full Justice to in earlier concep tion of the functions of government does not impair the value of the ven ture. A growing sense of community responsibility, and certain recent revelations as to our national educa tional needs, would seem to justify a fair trial for the federal reading circle plan. ments of the future will depend al most entirely on the other three parties for support. With home rule out of the way, labor and the tariff are likely to become the political issues. Lloyd George has been so careful to keep touch with the labor ites that we need not be surprised if be should turn up as their leader, but he has held the balance so even between the advocates of recognition of and 'war on the Russian soviet that he may end as leader of the unionist and liberal coalition on a platform of moderate progress. TIM1SS BAD TIME J-OR KIRKS. The intimate relationship between fire prevention and the housing problem is called forcibly to atten tion in the fit-e marshall's statement that most of the fires which destroy homes are the result of carelessness and nothing else, and his suggestion that we "stop burning existing build ings when there are not enough to go around and more cannot be built under existing conditions" is both timely and wise. War building restrictions, then high prices of materials and other conditions which have made building difficult, when fiot wholly impracti cal, have created a situation which may not be fully remedied in years; but fire prevention is comparatively simple and within the reach of every individual. The large proportion of fires due to heedless use of matches, to defective heating and lighting ap paratus and to gasoline point the way in this regard. More than, half of the dwellings now destroyed by flames would be saved by attention to these particulars alone. EVOLUTION IN BRITAIN. The course of events in Great Britain leads one to believe that changes are being brought about by evolution which in Russia were brought about by revolution and ter rorisni. The professed purpose of the bolshevists is to establish rule by the proletariat, by which they mean the workers, and in doing it they have AN EPIC OF THK EARLY '80S. In the course of the autobiography to which he has given the title "A Lawyer's Life on Two Continents," Wallls Nash, a valued and venerable citizen of BentCn county, describes the rise and decline of the Willam ette Valley & Coast Railroad com pany. There are a good many Ore gonians still living to whom mention of that venture will recall memories both agreeable and disagreeable. The late '70s and early '80s constituted the visionary period Jn the financial history of Oregon. Colonel T. Egen ton Hogg, a fiery and unrecon structed southerner, who will be re membered by a few pioneers of the valley as having conceived the plan, of building a railroad across Oregon from Yaquina brty to the Snake river, there to connect with a transconti nental line supposed to be waiting only a favorable opportunity to com plete its connection with the coast by this route, was In his heyday. The Corvallis & Yaquina Bay Wagon Road company had been subsidized with a land grant, estimated by Mr. Nash to have yielded about 60,000 acres. If the wagon road, said the people, why not a railroad in its place? There followed the idea of deepening the channel entrance to Yaquina bay, which was to be made the terminal of the transcontinental road. The deal was partly financed in England and France, but it Is In teresting now to recall also the loyal endeavors of the farmers of the val ley to help put' it through. Subse quent failure was not due to lack of faith, either at home or abroad. It was in 1877 that Colonel Hogg and Mr. Nash, the latter then mem- bar of a firm of London counsellors, first met in London with the repre sentative of a banking house having headquarters in Paris, to discuss the enlistment of British capital In venture in far-off Oregon. We real ize now that, more than forty years ago. Colonel Hogg had a truer vision of Oregon than many of its own citizens had, though he was consid erably in advance of his time. It Is recalled that at their first Interview, in describing the region in which the wagon road grant was situated, he declared that "such parts of the tract as were included in the tract misnamed the Oregon desert in the maps of the day would, when irrigated from the rivers issuing there from the Cascade mountains, prove to invite homemaking by thousands of new settlers." These and other impressions were con firmed by Governor Douglas, of the Hudson's Bay company, who had had jurisdiction over this region prior to the settlement of the bound ary question, and the English finan cial expedition to Oregon was the result. The day of railroads in Oregon, as Mr. Nash truthfully observes, had not fully come. But the main line from Portland southward was "struggling along, bit by bit." Money was being "wrung out of unwilling bondholders, who were urged to in vest more to save their first ven tures," and "first franchise holders t.,nB rt M, nrAinn Pacific" came BY-PRODI CTs) soon afterward. Then the ebb. A good deal had been staked on the Barnard Alomaae Ope. Book Barroom , Yaquina Jetty system, and the con- - s-r - gresslonal method of making appro- Two Barnard college graduates are priations In driblets, we are prepared leading a movement to substitute to believe, made the work unduly - book. or intoxicants, now that the expensive. Then congress withheld eijiciio ve. xiru y.vb w country has gone "dry." and are aid. A succession of receivership, , beset the railroad. Two steamships opening a "book and art lovers' tav went aground at the harbor entrance, j ern" in a hotel in New York. The Internal dissensions followed. The j New York Evening Post says of their Oregon Pacific, at length sold f or plan: $100,000, came ultimately into pos- This Is the beginning of what it Is session of its rival. The tragedy was j hoped will prove to be a national ex completed when the chief promoter . periment In that direction and a ot the enterprise died suddenly while means of finding an adequate sub in quest of funds to avert tne cam Twilight. By Grace E. Hall. clysm: The unwisdom of counting chick ens before they were hatched was common to the period. The lesson was that faith alone would not move mountains. But the author has Hved to see a good many of his early dreams come true. It is an In teresting coincidence that a partici pant in this drama of finance and speculation should have been an actor, fifty years ago now, in the movement to stimulate investment by relieving stockholders of the un just penalties of unlimited liability. The act of parliament which Mr. Nash helped to frame, and which he notes that he has recognized in the ideas and even the wording of the codes in many of our .states, brought about a revolution m business throughout the world. But it will be borne in mind that skill in mobiliza tion of capital was relatively unde veloped in the times of which the author writes. The Oregon Pacific and its co-related ventures were, at least in part, sacrifices to popular incapacity in organization of large affairs. . stitute for the saloon. "Bodks in stead of booze" is the slogan and pur pose of this movement, which has for its object the substitution of a literary for an alcoholic thirst. "A large part of the money that has gone Into alcohol," Mrs. Hanau says, "can be diverted to wider reading. Despite the general increase in the cost of living, there are many pub lishers issuing the best type of liter- j aiure at prices wimin reacn oi every one. Besides, reading has been too exclusive a prerogative with the women of America. I believe that the American man's Interest in books should be expanded and that the best means for doing this is'by in troducing literature Into what used to be the saloon." If this barroom bookshop proves practical, these enterprising young women intend to expand their work to a wider field and to enlist the co-operation of the various national societies which are now engaged in the problem of finding a substitute for the saloon. A news item that among a ship. load of immigrants who had just ar rived in New York from Europe were some hundreds of girls seeking situations as domestics resulted In a flood of applications to the National Travelers' Aid society, and in disap pointment for ' every applicaut. "There is not," said one of the so ciety's officials, "a servant in sight anywhere. There will never be a (7-a-week servant again." We might as well begin right away to adjust ourselves to the new order. Nor is it a great many years, as time runs, since domestic servants were rela tively as scarce in some parts of the country as they are now, and the problem was solved by making housewifery an accomplishment of every girl. The time may come again when families will "do their own work," albeit invention and progress have done a good deal to make the neighbors raised Never before In the history of De Kalb county, Georgia, has there been such feasting on spareribs. backbone, scrapple and chitterlings as in the present "spell" of hog killing weath er, and the soul-satisfying aroma ot corn bread cracklings and the cook ing down of leaf fat Is a welcome addition. Cracklings are known In this sec tion as one of the most delicious of dishes writes a Decatur. Ga., corres pondent of the Atlanta Constitution, with the possible exception of roasted pigtail that tasty morsel that uni versally goes to the children equally divided. Strange it Is that a hog will go to his grave In utter ignorance of what godd eating his tail is to make. Without dilating further on the pleasures of the hog killing season, it may be stated that more and big ger hogs have been killed in DeKalb this year than ever before. Paul Robson says that one of his hog which com- When the blood-red sun sinks swoon ing In the luring arms of night. Mystic folk with tiny wrenches pais and turn each glaring light. 'Til a mlst-Hke veil of shadow slowly o'er the earth descends. And the red and gold of sunset with the twilight silver blends. Feathered flocks come honking home ward from the brook; the cows plod by; Chanticleer with preen and flourish, struts the path, his head held high; From the field half green, half fal lowed, comes the farmer with his team. As the West, her gray robe donning, spurns the sun's last proffered gleam. Down the woodland path where na ture flaunts her treasures everywhere. Come the lad and lassie strolling from the school house bleak and bare; By the creek that speaks a language never printed in a book. Loitering, they too are speaking shy ly and with bashful look. Gathers he the purple trillium from the wilderness of bloom, Dog-wood, fern and flowering cur rant vieing with the wild Scotch broom ; Lady fair and lad devoted, onward then they slowly roam. Building castles of the fancy, in the twilight, going home. Pass the vears on wings of gladness when two lives are quite serene. And a vine-wreathed cottage nestles now against that woodland scene ; While- a baby's prayer at twilight lisped beside the mother's knee. Seems to draw a shaft of glory, like a halo-dazzlingly. Near-by brook, in words unfathomcd, calls forever as it flows. And Its lure Is heard and answered by a happy pair that goes Down the woodland path unheeding, dog and child with Joyous cry. And the ranger lingers, smiling, in the sunset, passing by. Daring feet go splashing outward In the waters clear and cool. . While the dog gives keen attention to his image In the pool; Comes the boy with speckled beau ties, and the partners take the trail That shall lead them to the cottage ere the twilight drops Its veil. tasK easier tnan u was in pioneer pleleiy fjiied a 10-foot pen, and the pen had to be torn away from tne times. Admiral Sims says he recommend ed a medal of honor for Knsign Hainmann for exceptional bravery in HCtion, but that Secretary Daniels cut the award to a lesser distinction. We do not know just what act of bravery Mr. Hammann performed, but on general principles, any man who can carry a name like that should get the best medal there is. "Don't dance from the waist up, dance from the .waist down," says a booklet Issued by the American Na tloinal Association of Masters of Dancing. But grace Is a gift not be stowed on all of us, and there are some who simply can't help dancing all over. well nigh exterminated all of the aristocracy and middle class which were struggling desperately to hold did not flee. The British labor party i on to some jumping off place where The vegetarians are entitled to such satisfaction as they can derive from the figures of the United States department of agriculture, which show that the American people are pledged to attempt overthrow of the , and Florence Nightingale, Elizabeth cessors of the nationalists will then A boy who has learned to use his time well and has a little good advice in select ing books may easily read two dozen good books a year without Infringing on his time for worK, sleep or play, and recrea tion. By reading two dozen good books a year, any boy may, before he la 20 years old. become familiar with a large part or the best literature of the world fill his mind with helpful ideas and noble ideals, and gain much of the finest culture that the world can ofler. Many men have attained a.11 thiswith less of opportunity tban is presupposed here. The bureau has not fallen into the error, in preparing its lists for youths of both sexes, of under-ap praising their intelligence. "The Jungle Book," "Robinson Crusoe," "Treasure Island, David Copper field." "Lorna Doone," Parkman's "The Oregon Trail" are among the books that are perennially fit for young and old. These same young folks will be interested in the bu reau's adult course of thirty biog raphies, from Moses to Robert Louis Stevenson, in the course in American literature, and in part of that in American history. Biography is an especially sound foundation for in culcation of thought. Socrates and St. Paul, " Dante, Moliere, Shake speare and Goethe Francis of Asslsi has the same purpose, modified to read supremacy of the working class, but enlisting the other classes in its service Instead of exterminating them. It is content to effect the change by degrees, nationalizing first the coal mines, 'then the rail roads, then some other industry, and securing for labor enough directors to have real voice In management. Instead of revolution they have di rect action strikes of great masses of men and they make an open fight for control of parliament. This is the moderate, methodical, but , deter mined and peculiarly British way of bringing about profound changes. It presents as strong a contrast to the Russian way as does the British character to the Russian character. Skilled political strategist that he Is, Lloyd George sees the drift of things and maneuvers to command one of the political armies in the coming struggle. Since the election of a year ago he has felt his hold on the working class weakening as the labor party brought forward more radical plans, to father which would have caused a breach with his union ist supporters and would have broken up the coalition. He has sought to strengthen his grip by putting forward a more moderate programme, which in other days would have been called radical, and he prepares for the inevitable re organization of parties by getting Into a position to jump either way. He has hitherto been leader of the extreme left wing , of the liberal party, but it has moved farther to the left, while Lloyd George's asso ciation-with the unionists In coalition cabinets may have moderated his dislike of dukes. By-elections have been straws pointing to a new alignment of par ties, in which the two liberal wings would re-unite and divide again on new lines, the radicals going over to labor and the moderates still main taining the party identity but form ing a coalition with the unionists. The existing coalition has suffered a notable loss of popularity since It secured an unprecedented majority in parliament in. December, 1918, and the labor party 1ms made equally notable gains. The coalition's losses have been due as much to voting by men who abstained at the general election as to changes of sides. This was the case at Spen Valley, York shire, where a far heavier poll than in 1918 elected a laborite. with an Asquith liberal second and a coali tionist a bad third in a district which gave a coalitionist a majority of almost 2000 over a laborite in the last election. If the labor party continues to gain at this rate, it will become a formid able contender for control of the government, and may only be de feated by a coalition of the two old parties. The Asquith government which held office at the outbreak of war was supported by a coalition of liberals, laborltes and Irish nation alists. When the new Kome rule bill Is passed, as seems certain, Ireland will have only forty-two instead of 105 members and probably a fourth of these will be unionists. The suc- ea-Uag b per ceut less meat than they government is not qualified. The , Fry a and Cout.1 Tolstoy Joan of.be a email factor, and the govern-1 they might get off and sell to some greater power." Rut the Corvallis people took courage as thev saw-that the big railroad was getting built, even though men ware sweating blood to do It. Our valley friends had ab sorbed the Idea that a railroad might be built bit by bit say ten miles at a time and that if onre started by the first ten miles being built, that could be mortgaged, and so money could be found to finish the second ten miles, and so on. Thus men who between them had, possibly, $r0,000, boldly marched forward to spend $100,000 So the Willamette Valley & Coast Railroad company had Its beginning. "The capital was small, but the name was big." "It was the, way of the times. "The legislature also was as young In years as it was old in faith," and it granted the company, In con sideration of a contract to carry the militia and munitions of the state whenever called on, the tide lands in Benton county. The promoters went back to Corvallis and went to work on the first ten miles westward. Money was scarcer than labor so they enlisted all the farmers along the line with their wagons and teams, itcrapars and shovels. The women fed the men, the barns opened out with oats. and. dirt flew These directors of a moneyless road knew I suppose, that a railroad meant rails and sleepers end cars, and especially engineers -but they literally took no thought for the morrow. This was summer time, and until. the autumn rains set in all went well. The county surveyor set out the line and such trifles as blasting In rocks and cuts they left out and passed on. Tho Mary's river had to be crossed, but the bridges also were a future task. They had got quite a number of holes in the ground when the rains came on and the farmers went home. It was at this point that Colonel Hogg happened along, heard of the gTant lands, saw the struggling rail road, viewed Yaquina bay and had his vision. He "made conditional terms all around," visited the Albany local headquarters of the land grant across the state from the Willamette to the S,nakr. "which meant the own ership of 430,000 acres of land and illimitable timber." With these cards in his hands, he "made terms with the San Francisco house of the French bankers who owned the big land grant, and then sailed for Eng land." Teiv miles of second-hand railroad iron, a small locomotive, two pas senger cars and a baggage and mail car picked up at a bargain set the road going. The Oregon Pacific, tak ing over the contracts and property of the Willamette Valley & Coast. started out to construct the road that was to cross the state completely from west. to east. .Rails for the line between Corvallis and Y'aquina were bought in England and sent to the Pacific coast in ships that returned to Europe with cargoes of wheat. But Yaquina was not a port for big ships and the rails were landed at Portland. Work on the Yaquina jetties progressed. Rivalry insepar able from the period became intense. "When the Southern Pacific refused to deliver from their cars wheat to us at Corvallis, the valley farmers within twenty or thirty miles loaded up their wagons with the wheat." Strings of thirty or forty wagons at a t.'me could be seen through the dust clouds hauling to Corvallis and the cars there. The two trains. Oregon Pacific and South ern Pacific, ran alongside each other at the Albany depot of the older line which already adjoined land provided by the city for t.'io o. f. k. Here comes a man who would meet bolshevlsm's criticism of civi lization by reorganizing civilization. But there are still some folks like Falstaff. who, "if reasons were as plenty as blackberries would give no man a reason under compulsion." animal before it could be slaughtered. By far the most interesting re mains of the lost people of Arizona are their network of canals which prevail through all the valleys. The longest is the one tapping the Gila river, and which supplied with water the ancient city, now marked with the one standing building. This Is the Casa Grande, about which so much has been written, and which has excited much interest among archaeologists in tb last 10 years. The volume of water taken out by this canal must have been Immense, for it supported millions of acres. In most places the canal has been filled with drifting sand, but its course is easily traced. Engineers who located the Maricopa canal made use of the old Aztec ditch, and today water runs over its pebbly bottom Just as it did 200 or 3000 years ago. It is urged in favor of the new anesthetic -that the patient will be able to sit up and see himself oper ated on, although experiencing no sensation of pain. This sensation Is reserved until afterward, when the bill comes ln. More than a fifth of the teachers In the country resigned last year to accept better-paid employment. The anticipatory strike" seems to be about as effective as the kind we are more accustomed to. We are indebted to the Missouri Botanical Gardens for the informa tion that a-rracacha is a new kind o vegetable fit for food, it sounds a good deal more like the name of a new 2.75 beverage. The "good provider" who was the pride of his wife for insisting on always having a sack of dry granu lated and one of extra C In the sugar bin, has ceased to exist, at $18 a hun dred. . "There is something wrong some where, just where I cannot say," re marks Attorney-General Palmer to the retail clothiers. Mr. Palmer probably Is right both times. Independence hall, the "birthplace of liberty." came into existence with out any thought of the part it was destined to play in the birth of the nation. Necessity really created it It appears that the provincial assem bly of Pennsylvania had been meeting in a house, annually rented In 1'htl adelphia. until May 1, 1729. It was shortly after this date that the as sembly voted 2000 ($10,000) toward the purchase of ground for the build ing and Its construction. It was de signed by Andrew Hamilton, a barrls ter of Philadelphia, who,In making his plans, provided for two wings, one of them Congress hall. In 173 ground for the building was broken, but the construction dragged on for some yeurs before the work was finished, although Certain rooms were used for some years before the whole was completed. Construction of Congress hall be gan in 1787, and was completed In 1789. and the remaining wing of In-: L,ies the secret source of being. Then the voices of the city claim the child to manhood grown. And there comes the world-old part ing that all parent-hearts have known ; Sad the farewell sweet and tender to the scenes of childhood days. As he hears Ambition pleading in the solemn evening haze. Once again the home is silent; only two sit hy the door: And the dog seems ever watching for the one who comes no more: While the brook is calling, calling, as they listen, sad and lone. And they catch a bnby'B laughter In the iniislu of Its tone. Yonder ewlng so gaunt and empty is a shrine of vanished years. And they keep Its meaning verdant with a mist of loving tears; But in time the peace of twilight softens pain that comes at morn. And each soul assumes new beauty fron the cross that's bravely borne. Frost Is sparkling on the 'fir-tree, comes the swirling snow at night. While the mystic folk are slowly turning off the parish light: Looks of brown have turned to sti ver, life takes on the .twilight lone. As the man and woman waiting in the firelight dream alone. Looking out beyond the sky-lino where the West Is turning gray. They have pierced the twilight shadows, glimpsing God's eter nal day. And beyond the road of sorrow that is trod by every man. They have faith in that Tomorrow which fulfills each mortal plan. There's a stream where boats are hailing those who wish to cross and go. And some evening they'll be sailing out beyond the sunset glow; Trustingly, they'll leave the dear , woods set with many a Nature gem. nt twilight gross the harbor where a White Ship waits for t hem. And l.lKK'S I'RIK SIliMFICASiCB. Deeper than all sense of seeing. The navy Is calling for a greater number of recruits than we had In our entire maritime Industry in the palmy days when Americans went down to the sea in ships. It would be possible, declares Ad miral Sims, to fire a rocket from the earth to the moon. Can't the ad miral think up an e"asier way to get rid of Secretary Daniels? "Opium in coal seized." runs a news headline. "Coal in opium seized" would seem to fit better, squaring with modern fuel rates. Poker playing Is declining. Shall we attribute It to the demise of John Barleycorn, or to the growing popu larity of the automobile? The high cost of religion revealed by numerous "drives" oughtn't to be disturbing. The real article is worth whatever it may cost. Billy Sunday's "I love to hate you" is a phrase that expresses a good many persons' feelings toward John Barleycorn. Two of the kaiser's sons are seek ing divorces, and two lucky kaiser's daughter-ln-laws in the bargain. It beats the Dutch how far Hol land Is willing to go to maintain a tradition for hospitality. It looks as if there is going to be a fertile field for American artists with talent for "still" life. The man who has just bought th Omaha Bee will not be stung. It is a good newspaper property. dependence halL known as "City hall." was started In 17S9 and fin ished in 1791. There are two rather important Georges in England though the av erage American newspaper reader never would guess it and it makes a lot of difference which one a critic makes his target. If It happens to be King George, the consequences may be dire; but if Lloyd George Is the object of more or less derogatory remarks, the chances for "getting by" are so much better that It amounts to virtu ally no risk at all. A case In point la that of Captain Thomas Joseph O'Donnell.ichaplaln of an Australian regiment in France. He was charged with saying that "a few satellites of King George are filling their pockets at the expense of the working people." He was tried be fore a court-martial, but when" his at torneys Bhowed by witnesses that if he said anything approxtfliating the statement In question, the name he used was "Lloyd" George and not "King" George, he was promptly ac quitted. A young soldier, who has traveled much in the trail of war. sends this to the Living Age: "I am at Haifa, which is now the most important coastal town in Palestine. The ex kalser visited the place in pre-war daysand passed on to Bethlehem. A Canadian soldier who heard of this remarked, 'You bet the shepherds watched their flocks that night!'" t Said the honeybee to the butterfly: "You never save honey an' yoUsdon"t half try. I've kep' on workin' an takln' heed Till I put by more than a whole year's need." And the soul with truth agreeing Levms to iive In thoughts and deeds For this life is more than raiment. And the earth is pledged for pay ment. Lino man for all hlK needs Life is not a game of chances. But It steadily advances Up the ruBKed heights of time. Till each complex web of trouble Every sad hope's broken bubble Hath a meaning most sublime. Nature is our common mother, Kvery living man our brother. Therefore, let us serve each other So we meet the law's behests. Then we learn the art of living. And to live and learn is best. When true hearts divinely gifted From the chaff of error sifted Shall the world must clearly see. That each greatest time of trial Calls for holy self-denial (.'alls oi man di- i: . d ho. Then forever nd forever. Let it he the soul's endeavor Love front hatred to i. itst-wi' In whatso'or we do Prawn by love's eternal beauty To our highest sense of duty Kvermore be firm nnd true. BYRON T. KINO. AfTER-'IATH. Calmly, clear-eyed Reason paus-ed be side a gate. Looking farther on befbre Ire en tered; Fancy Free came lightly, ne'er a mo ment's wait, Ope'd the gate, on clouds her -ion centered. Reason followed slowly, seeing Fancy float. Oft he paused with stones to mark the path; Fancy perished weakly in an unseen moat. While Reason found a bridge to aftermath. J EAXETTE MARTIN. STARS. Everybody line up to welcome "iiisU-watur marks of Uie for- Persians to Portland' J Said the butterfly to the honeybee: "Enough' should be plenty for you or j me. And I notice the food you strive to The stars were wondrous bright to me clutch in lonely days of yore. Isn't helpin' your disposition much." I I thought they could ne'er briefer I be. The farmhand gathered the honey ' Or never sparkle more. crop. i The bee endeavored to make him . But they've become a world ,mon stop, j bright Said the man as he aimed a blow Since 1 first spoke with you; I severe. For now 1 ltnow that every night "I won't be stung by no iiroliurr." You're looking t them too. Waahiugtou Star. DOROTHY L HALL.