The Sunday Oregonian., January 13, 1918, SECTION FIVE, Page 4, Image 62

v4
' THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN. PORTLAND, JANUARY 13, 1918-
--4
P
0
( li
Mi . i
7
If IK -
What the 70-Pound
Load Means in
Comfort, Security
arid Living .
Convenience
V'?,
' a 1 ft '
- i. x
A.Tlafantryaans -Cartrids Belt Which Contains" 100 Rounds of
y - A5i3sition in nips of Five Each. Five-Shot l"4ay,
" . Thus "Be Fired Without Beloadinj
V
: aTaaTaW'Ba?BMB
&
.Left Side View of Soldier
Equipment Showing the
First-Aid Package Carried
by Every Man.
"dog" in a few minutes. Tils tent, of
course, is used only tn temporary camps
on forced marches. ' '
According to a statement issued by
the War Department, it coats Unclti.
Sam $156.71 to equip an Infantryman'
for service in France. Clothing- costs
$101.62; eating utensils, etc., $7.73, and
fighting- equipment, $47.86. .
What Japan Basone.
TXe Japanese Minister, of Finance, Mr.
Shod a, recently made a characteristic
water-tight, that part which is water
laden feinks first, owing to its greater
weight.
ANNUAL YALE PROM IS CUT
Festivities to Be oa Much Smaller
..Scale Than Usual for Economy.
i NEW HAVEN, Conn.. Jan. 1. Many
feminine hearts throughout the Nation
V
.J:
f
x Some of the Elements
. m m . ....
(oi a aoxcuer s &it-
Eating Utensil
Towels. Extra Uri-
-derwear Tent Peg$
-vand-.Water Bottle
I
a
A '-CTcw-o?" 3howi3S WatiT Bollle Carried by Every Soldier and
How It Hitcs Betera Cartridge Belt and the Back Load.
BT CXJVE MARSHALL.
WAR I. a burden, all the way
around, any way you take It, op,
dawn atd -arrow, over and over
and all tocether. war r a burdrn and
the bqrden bsina with the Individual
The man who ataya at borne la bor
4nd with war taaes. and the roan who
see to too front la bui-aned with a
oldior'a field kit. which, while it la
probably heavier thaa tho kit carried
by the aoldier tn any oter war In mod
ern history. Is. nevertheless, the most
complete, serviceable, compactly TuHt
and carefully figured out kit In point of
greatest serviceability with least
weta-hl that has ever beet designed for
a nation's. fighter.
The American soldier, today. In active
service i expected to carry as much as
possible, but he must carry nothing that
la not absolutely accessary to the best
service la the ordinary, to-be -ex pec ted
experiences of war, and necessary, too.
In emergencies. That "much as possi
ble must be figured with a' careful re
gard to weight and an ever clear, de
signing eye to compactness of parts
and precision of distribution so that the
kit will work a mlnlmun of hindrance
to the movementSof the lighting man
carrying It. Therefore the field kit of
the soldier must have all that It should
have, even to the call of. emergency,
weighing the least that all can weigh,
assembled as compactly as possible and
pat upon the body of the fighter in a
way designed to render it the least
likely to impede his action on the march
or In battle.
Load of TO Found Carried. -V
The total load earned by the Amer.
lean soldier In tho present war. count
ing in the weight of tho clothes which
he wears, approximates 70 pounds. The
field kit, which includes the rifle and
other fighting equipment, together with
eating utensils, weighs 64 pounds, and
Army officials have figured It down to
ounces In metal, cotton, wool, leather
and wood, and have said thus far and
no farther; It can weigh no less and be
serviceable: It Is serviceable and must
weigh no more.
The chief fighting tooL of course. Is
the rifle. The official title, of the Amer
lean Army rifle today is "303 pattern
17. It Is a mixture of Springfield and
Enfield rifles, but because the name
Enfield" has been popularly attached
to the rifle and because Enfield seems
to belong with Lee as naturally as Krag
with Jorgenson, the man on the street
has decided forthwith that the rifle is
the old Lee-Enfield. In fact, however,
the British-designed rifle being manu
factured here for our Army is of a pat
era of 1914 and has little In common
with the old British Lee-Enfield. This
rifle complete with bayonet weighs 11
pounds, and on this point the arm has
met with some criticism. It takes a
pretty husky man to handle the present
Army rifle dexterously in the bayonet
fighting now In style on the European
battlefields, and. the critics contend that
rifle weighing nine or nine and one-
half pounds with bayonet fixed would
give a great advantage.
Modem warfare also compels the sol
dier to carry a shovel for trench dig
ging. This shovel Is a short-handled,
round-pointed spade, somewhat of the
common garden variety," and has been
made to weigh 25 ounces in iron and
steel and four ounces in wood. The
equipment of every American soldier
contains this small shovel, but on the
European battle field the trench tools
of tho soldiers are divided among the
members . of a tquad eight men as
follows: four shovels, two pick - mat
tocks, one polo or hand ax and one
wire cutter. So it seems that in what
ever re-equipping of the fighters on
arrival on the firing line, four out of
every eight soldiers are given either
pick mattocks, hand axes or wire cut
ters in place of their shovels. Every
American fighter, however. Is sen
away with a shovel which is reduced
to the Liinimum of weight and strapped
snugly to his back In such a way that
he may march, run at double-quick,
engage In hand-to-hand combat, , or
droD on his stomach In position of
firing without feeling Inconvenienced
or hindered by the presence -vt the
trench tooL
The rifle, bayonet, trench tool and
cartridges complete the soldier's fight
Ing equipment. Every soldier carries
100 cartridges, distributed in pockets
attached to a belt, five cartridges to a
clip. These 190 cartridges have, a com
bined weight of 47.4 ounces In brass,
36.4 ounces in metal in bullets and 12
ounces In explosives. The .cartridge
belt Itself weighs ten ounces in brass
and 14.1 ounces in cotton.
.The actual fighting equipment of
the up-to-date soldier makes up less
than half of the total load be carries
the remainder is made up of what he
carries for his own bodily needs, pro
tection and comfort.
Coateata of the "Kit. '.
Every soldier in the American Army
today carries with him sufficient food,
water, clothing and means of protec
tion and shelter to take care of himself
for a short period in case he should
become separated from his company.
The number of articles making up this
part of the kit Is surprisingly large.
Each kit carried contains, besides extra
clothing, a blanket, rubber pouches, a
canteen, a mess kit, including meat
can, knife, fork, spoon and cup, toilet
articles, a first aid package, gaamask,
steel helmet and shelter tent.
One of the most useful things a sol
dier carries is this shelter tjnt, com
monly called a "dog-tent," Each man
carries one tent cover, ne tent pole
and five tent pins, which make one-
half of a shelter tent, and two men can
combine ' their halves and set up a
speech at Osaka regarding the attitude
of the empire toward her allies. His
purpose seemed to be to remove an im
pression that the government was not
doing all it could in aid of its associ
ates in the great world war. After
repeating the' admitted argument that
distance and want of facilities for
transportation make it Impossible for
Japan to send trops to Europe, the
statesman emphasized the fact that
every ship of the imperial navy that
can be spared is now in the Mediter
ranean, -co-operating with the allies.
Every possible concession has also been
made toward the furnishing of ships
for the English and American trade
He then makes the revelation that
Japan has been a very large purchaser
of English, French and American bonds,
using only so much of her own extra
ordinary receipts from the sale of mu
nitions as :was necessary to redeem her
own loans that had fallen due. He in
sists that every possible aid to the
allies would continue to the end of what
he foresaw would be a long and fieri
ous war. Japan will not quit! Minister
Shoda advises the Japanese people to
strive for Industrial independence. Cit
ing the abandonment of the American-
Japanese mrgotiation, he expressed
hope that the empire will be benefited
by the necessity for self-reliance, in
stead of having to purchase its steel
from foreign powers. He foresees great
advantage in the rapprochement be
tween China and Japan and believes
that the future' will fully ujstify the
new relations.
HOW SHIPS SINK.
Nearly every class or design of ves
sel is said to sink in a particular way.
For instance, the old type' of single-
bottom steamer, with few or no bulk
heads that is, in the modern sense of
the term almost invariably founders
on more or less of an even keel, which
means that they sink level, and not
with their bow or stern up in the air.
This is accounted for by the fact
that at whatever point the water may
enter, it practically finds its own level.
as there are no sub-divisions to ob
struct it.
Now, in the case of a modern vessel.
which is built with numerous sub-divisions.
It Invariably happens that she
founders with her bow or stern high
out of the water; or else she sinks with
a heavy list, or cant, to one side or the
other. The reasons given for this is
that the bulkheads prevent the water
which enters the vessel from finding
its level; consequently, whe- one par
ticular portion of the ship Is full of I
water while the remainder is practically 1
will flutter sadly because of an an
nouncement made by the Yale Student
Council to the effect that the Yale
prom, to which each year America's
youth and beauty made pilgrimage, will
be only a modifed affair this year be
cause of the war.
The prom will be held, but it will Too
presented on a basis of strict war econ
omy and the gay times and trappings
of the past will not be in evidence. The
prom this year has been set for the
Tuesday following the close of midyear
examinations, and the academic ger
mans and athletic events held formerly
on tho day preceding will be omitted.
The council passed this resolution:
"That the junior prom committee bo
urged to use every means and influence
in its power to keep all expenses as low
as possible and to create among mem
bers of the university and their guests
a genuine spirit of economy consistent
with present conditions." -
CUTICURA HEALS
ICHG
RASH
Used One Cake Soap and Jwo
Boxes Ointment. Cost $1.25.
"A rash that formed blisters came
on my hands, and I thought little of
t at first, and it appeared on
my neck and face. The
blisters were very irritated
by scratching and rubbing,
and when in bed I got very
little sleep, or even rest.
"I began to use Cuticura
Soap and Ointment, and within twelve
hours, I was relieved of the itching
and burning, and 4 only used part of
a large cake of Cuticura Soap and two
boxes of Cuticura Ointment when I
was healed." (Signed) John H. Young-
love, Sawtelle Home, California.
Use these super-creamy emollients
for every -day toilet purposes and pre
vent these distressing troubles.
Sample Each Free bv Mail. Address Mat.
card: "Cutionra, Dept. H, Boatoa." Sold
everywhere. Soap 25c. Ointment 25 and 50c