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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Sept. 23, 1917)
Copyright, 1917, by Frank G. Carpen ter.) WISSToS-SALEM, X. C. "Winston Salem la one of the chief cen ters of the tobacco manufacture of the United States. It makes cigar ettes by the millions a day and ships out a trainload of chewing and smok . ins tobacco every 24 hours. It makes more plug tobacco than any other town in the country, and it pays to-bacco taxes to the amonut of almost $8,000. 000 per annum. Just now the factories are running at their full to supply the extraordinary demands on account of the war, and the same is true of every tobacco center in the United. States. But few people realize the extent of eur tobacco industry. It brings in to the farmers more actual cash than we get from our gold mines. The crop yields them something like $100,000,000 a year, and the taxes upon it drop into the United States Treasury more than $10,000 an hour, day and night, year in and year out. The industry employs about 200.000 hands. It pays out in wages a million dollars a day, and the value of the product, including the manufactures thereof, ia more than $100,000,000 per year. Our total production of tobacco an nually amounts to more than 1,000, 000.000 pounds. We make enough to Rive ten pounds to every man, woman and child in the United States. We produce about two-thirds of all the tobacco used by mankind. Our chief competitors are found in the countries of Europe. Russia grows one-fourth or one-fifth as much as we do, and the product of Austria-Hungary and Ger many in normal times is in the neigh borhood of 200,000 pounds, which is far less than the amount they consume. It seems strange to speak of tobacco AS an element of warfare, but it ap pears to be necessary to the men in the trenches, and those who have contract ed the habit of using it lose their nerve when it is not supplied. Our exports have greatly increased since the war In Europe began, and this Increase will be still greater now that we are send ing our own troops to the front. As it is now, our exports of tobacco are more than 400,000 pounds every year, and this Includes cigars and cig arettes valued at millions of dollars. We are now making 8.000,000.000 cigars every 13 months, and our cigarette out put is three times as many. The cigars which the United States makes in one year. If laid out end to end, would reach several times around the world on the line of the equator, and the cig arettes are so many that if they were joined they would make a line of small mokes four times as long as the dis tance between the earth and the moon. Our consumption of cigars is so great that we burn up more than 21.000.000 a day. We smoke 800.000 cigars every hour, more than 15,000 a minute, and over 250 a second. As to cigarettes, the United States is now using some thing like 60,000,000 a day. This means about 2,500.000 per hour, more than 40,000 a minute and about 700 every time the watch ticks from January to December, year In and year out. The internal revenue receipts from tobacco would build a fleet of 35 ocean greyhounds each as big as the Lusi tanla to carry our food supply to the allies, or it would build and equip ten big battleships to aid us in destroying the fleet of the Germans. This will give you some Idea of the extent of the tobacco Industry reduced to braes tacks. It has many ramifi cations and its products are equally BT M. L. CHAPMAN, Judge, Breeder and Writer. Green food for poultry through out the year Is a necessity. It Is unfortunate that green food Is so generally considered a mere ac cessory, resulting in widespread neglect of the poultryman's cheapest source of food. The lower cost of maintaining fowls on open range is due in a large measure to their hearty consump tion of tender, nutritious plant growth. A1 IXi fowls need a certain amount of bulk in their rations. Grains and meat fed alone form a ration too highly' concentrated for proper diges tion. Green food is not exactly a sus taining ration, but more especially it is a stimulating corrective to the diges tive tract and a tonic to the general system. Fowls fed liberal quantities of green food are less subject to dis ease, they become more vigorous, im prove In stamina, lay more eggs and their chicks live and thrive well. In respoi.se to Preside-t Wilson's ap peal to increase the food supply, nearly every poultryman has at the same time prepared a means of providing green food for his fowls with little labor or expense. We have raised the largest supply of vegetables in the history of our country, and the excess which will naturally result may be used as a ration for poultry and by thia means elimi nate any waste. During the Summer months when the trwli have mr! range they pick up enough green food in the grass, weeda and vegetable growth. But where they are confined to runs which lack desir able green food, it will pay to supply succulent food for them. To Supply green food during the Summer Is not a difficult matter, as there are plenty of under-ripe or over-ripe fruits or vegetables i vallable which are T-4 1 suit able for table use. Lettuce leaves, beet tops, cabbage leaves, tomatoes or mel ons are raliuhed by fowls, and w'll form a large portion of the ration during the warm weather when green foods are most needed. Corn or corn cobs are excellent, especially if the cobs are cut Into fine pieces. Corn husks and corn ellk of fresh sweet corn are relished. Corn fodder may be cured for use in Winter and it ia a valuable substitute JfodemPoulIru (ullure surprising. I do not know Just how , many tons of plug tobacco the United States now consumes, but there Is one factory here which covers several acres and is devoted to nothing but plug. At the time of my visit at least 500 employes were operating machines making the square and oblong- pack ages sold in the stores, and others were standing at tables twisting out the black, snake-like ropes of chew ing tobacco called "twist." The weed has to be specially treated In the mak ing of plug. It ia saturated with licor ice and sugar and flavored to taste. Tou may think that the custom of snuffing is dying out. The statistics show that we are still producing about 30,000.000 pounds of snuff every year, or enough to give a pound and a half of this nose-titillating mixture to every American family. It was at Durham, N. C, that I saw my first snuff factory. In making the powder th tobacco leaves are half rotted and mixed with other ingredients before they are ground into snuff. The snuff is packed up for market in ox blad ders in balls ranging in size from that of your fist to your head; and it is aold by the ounce or the pound. It ia used largely in the mountain districts of the South after the custom known as "snuff-dipping." In this the snuff is not sucked up the nose. It is taken into the mouth, being applied with a chewed stick which is dipped into the mixture and then rubbed over the teeth and gums. It is common throughout the Southern Appalachian Mountains. The custom of using snuff for the nose is fast dying out, although it was more or less prevalent among all classes In colonial times. Dolly Madi son, the wife of the President, was an artistic snuff-user. She had two hand kerchiefs for the purpose. One of these, she said, was for blowing, and the other, a delicate lace affair, she used as a polisher. Not long ago many of our United States Senators used snufT. and in my own time as a corre spondent at the Capitol at Washington a large snufTbox was kept in the Senate chamber, the powdered tobacco In which was supplied to such Senators as were addicted to the habit at the ex pense of the Government. The south Is now making three fourths of the tobacco of he United States. The weed can be grown almost anywhere from Canada to the equator, but there are certain localities and soils which produce far better tobacco than others. In Connecticut the con ditions are especially good for making cigar wrappers and they raise some of the finer tobaccos under tents at a cost of hundreds of dollars per acre. Some of the Kentucky tobaccos are so fine that the plants are bagged in order to keep the seed pure, and each region has its own specialty. The finest Ha vana h are grown in a little district In Western Cuba, where the soil is worth almost its weight in gold. Not long ago when a railroad was put through the country the people scooped off the top earth and brought In poorer mate rial to build up the right of way for the tracks. They used the top soil for their tobacco fields, treating it some what as a fertilizer. As to the Southern states, which make the bulk of our tobacco crop, I have before me the figures for theNjrop of 1915. At that time Kentucky pro duced in round numbers about 356,000. 000 pounds of tobacco, and North Caro lina almost 200,000,000. Virginia made 144.000,000, Tennessee about 70,000,000 and South Carolina almost 2S.000.000 pounds. The total was more than 800. 000,000 pounds for these five states, and for green food. When the ears have been pulled the corn stalks should be cut close to the ground and stood up in shocks until quite dry when they are tied in bundles and set aside until needed. If this is too bulky, atrip the leaves from the corn stalks; when dried, out thoroughly they are put away for Winter use. Uwi Clipplatra Cured. Lawn clippings are valuable as a sub stitute for green food during the Win ter months, if they have been properly cured. To cure them It Is best to rake the clippings into small heaps, left in the sun for several hours, when they may be stirred and allowed to remain till evening. If they are fairly dry by evening they should be put in a basket and hung so that the air will blow through them. Lawn clippings thus cured can be stored away in barrels or boxea for Winter feeding, and when taken out they will have a nice green appearance. An excellent method of feeding lawn clippings consista of taking a piece of inch mesh poultry netting about four feet long and two feet wide, laying it flat and covering to a depth of several lnchea with the clippings. Th.; Is rolled very tightly, fastened up and hung in side the poultry house within reach of the fowls, thus providing green iooq at all times without danger of waste or soiling. Sugar beets or mangels make excel lent-green food and should be put away in a cool place where there la no dan ger of freezing. In the Fall when cab bage plants are pulled the poorly head ed ones should be set aside for poultry. Dig a trench wide enough and deep enough to cover the cabbage head. Place the cabbage down in tne trencn ana cover with eoil. leaving about half of the roots s.icklng out in the air. Cab baga put away in this manner, if in a well drained location, will keep all Winter. Small Vegetables Used. Small turnips, potatoes, or other vegetables may be used by placing them in a roil of wire, or fastening to a nail, to keep them from becoming soiled or wasted. Very often it la advisable to boil small potatoes end feed them as a wet mash. Where clover can be procured the second crop is an excellent substitute for green food. The same may be said of alfalfa. The clover should be cut in the evening and about 10 o'clock next morning, when the dew is dried cff. it should be rak d into piles and allowed to stand till the following day, when it may be stored away for future use. Clover or alfalfa may be fed by the I aame method suggested for lawn clip THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, SEPTE3IBEB 10KE3" TO VjIRDLE JLARTH STRIKING FACTS AND FIGURES ABOUT ONE OF CHIEF MONEY lJ CROPS OF SOUTH. JBy Frank G. Cahpenter7 the plantations covered more than a million acres. The value of the crop to the farmers was more than $70,000, 000, or an average' of about $70 per acre. It will surprise many to know that a considerable amount of tobacco Is raised In our Northern states. The crop of Massachusetts is worth more than a million dollars a year, and that of Connecticut brings in $6,000,000 and upward. In 1915 Pennsylvania had 31,000 acres In tobacco, and It netted her almost $4,000,000. Ohio had about 94.000 acres, with a product of more 84,000,000 pounds, whereas Wisconsin, which we look upon as one of the cold states of the Union, had 41,000 acres in tobacco and she received therefrom more than $2,000,000. Nearly all of the Southern states produce more os less tobacco, and some .make special kinds that are found nowhere else. There Is a little district in Louisiana, not far from New Orleans, which grows a to bacco which is as black as your hat and as strong as fresh lye. This is known as perique tobacco. Jt is cured in its own juice and is said to be one of the finest tobaccos made. It is sold in rolls wrapped around with cords, and is said to grow sweeter aa it be comes older. It is too strong tor those not accustomed to use it. The tobacco of North Carolina and Virginia makes good cigarettes, and billions of little white-papered health destroyers come from the soli near where I am writing. Thia tobacco is mild, light and yellow, and it has a fine flavor. I went throurh a cigar ette factory here, which is one of the largest of the United states, the prod uct of which amounts to some biliiona a year. The manager tells me that the demand for cigarettes is greater than can be supplied, and that this factory made half a billion more cigarettes in Janusfry of this year than it did in the same month of last year. There ia a company at Durham, N. C that is now making 9.000,000 cigarettes a day, and the total number annually manufactured by ua ia equal to 210 for every man, woman and child in the country. In making cigarettes the tobacco is prepared by machinery and ground and flavored to taste. It is fed from the machinea onto streams of thin tissue paper, to tobacco being rolled and pasted by the machines and cut by them into cigarettes. In fact, almost everything is done by machinery, and the tobacco Is hardly bandied by man from the time it enters the factory until it goes out in special cars for ex port all over the country. The ma chines work as though they had.bralna. There la one which counts the cigar ettes, aa it puts them into boxes of 20 so that they just fill a package of a certain shape. The machine first lays two rows of seven cigarettes and then one row of aix. It never makes a mis take. These machines are almost hu man in their manipulations. They have steel hands and steel fingers, and they make boxes and bags of tin or cloth. performing hundreds of operations, I which end In the completed products i pings, or it can be cut fine and fed in the wet or dry mash. Clover and al falfa are highly nutritious, and may be used as a bulky food in place of bran. Those who have -vegetable gardens can provide enough green food for the w HEN the Japanese Bantams were first introduced into England and thence into America, the only varieties were white, black and black-tailed white. English fanciers developed the attractive Gray Japan ese Bantams, shown above. In color they are like the Birchen Gray Ban tams. The male has a silvery white neck hackle, saddle hackle and top of wing. The balance of the plumage is lustrous greenish black, except the breast, each fet.tn.er of white is laced or edged with silvery white. The female is intense I GRAY JAPANESE BANTAMS I I lrw' -" i 5-v3.,-'-v.Nvis,t -rTt ' l 1 - ...ii.Mii.iirii - " ' r"""'" of manufactured tobaccos of various kinds. There is one firm at Durham, N. C, which annually ships 35,000,000 pounds of granulated smoking tobacco, and there ia a factory here that makes 900, 000 packages of such tobacco per day. The Durham factory puts its tobacco in little cotton sacks .and it is now turning out 2,000,000 such sacks every 24 hours. There Is a company in Rich mond that is now making more than 1,000,000 cigars every day. It has also an output of cigarettes that runs Into the billions a year. The town of Reidsvllle, N. C, manu factories $4,000,000 worth of plug to bacco a year. The factory there be longs to the American Tobacco Com pany, and it Is the largest plug plant of that combination. It. pays almost a half million dollars per annum for revenue stamps. In coming to this tobacco belt of the South I expected to find some large plantations. The fact Is that the moat of the tobacco crop comes from garden patches, and the farmers estimate the size of their crops, not by the acre, but by the hill. There are about 4000 sand hills to the acre, and a man who has a half million hills is a nabob. If all the tobacco fields of the United States were put into one block the field would be only about twice the size of Rhode Is land, its area being a little more than 2000 square miles. If all the tobacco farmers were gathered together they would number something like 300,000. In most cases tobacco is but one of a number of crops raised on a farm. It is costly to raise and It requires almost constant labor from its planting in early Spring until along about August or September, wnen ready for market. I it is cured and met here an old fowls by preparing a part of the gar den for Fall planting. The land should be spaded deep and made fine by rak ing. Then sow Winter wheat, or Win ter rye, to which may be added (in cases where It may be allowed to stand for permanent pasture) white, or Little Dutch clover, Kentucky blue grass and red-top grass. This will insure a pas ture through the Winter, early Spring end Summer. Fall sowing should be done as early In September as possible, so that It will get a good start before cold weather checks its growth, and also to give the grasses an opportunity of getting well rooted. Thus sown the plants will make a black in all sections, except the neck and upper part of the breast, each feather of this section being edged with white. They have legs only about an inch and a half In length, and the wings are carried drooping almost to the ground. The tail is very long and stands up along the back and past the top of the head. These bantams may be kept success fully In limited quarters. They eat lit tle and are easily cared for. The hens are good layers. Gray Japanese Bantams should not exceed 20 to 22 ounces in weight for females, or 22 to 26 ounces for males. 23. 1D17. " l , t ,1 III?, ? ! ' planter, who is the leading buyer for one of the large tobacco companies, and asked him to tell me in simple language the story of tobacco from the seed to the mouth of the consumer. Said he: "Tobacco is a king among plants, and it requires royal treatment. It has to have Just the right climate and just the right soil, and it must be nursed and cared for from the time it Is planted until it goes to the market. I was talking, not long ago. with a man In the city who had bought a farm. He became Inter ested in my story of tobacco and its profits, and said: 'I would like to raise a little tobacco myself, and I wish you would send me about a bushel of seed for a trial.' 'Why,-man,' I replied, 'a bushel of tobacco seed would plant the whole state, of North Carolina!' One ounce of the seed contains 340.000 grains, and a single plant will produce enough seed for 10 acres of hills. The seeds are each about as big as the point of a pin. They have to be mixed with ashes or dirt before planting in order not to sow them too thick." "How are they planted?" I asked, "with a drill?" "No," was the reply. "They are sown by hand in a plant bed, much like cab bage seed, and when the sprouts come up they are transplanted in hills like cabbiges or tomatoes. The making of the plant bed is not easy. The ground is covered with wood and burned so that the earth is roasted and the in sects, seeds and other vegetable mat ter cooked out of it. It is manured heavily and after the seed is sown a cover of cheesecloth is stretched over it to keep in the heat and keep out the insects. A plant bed 20 yards square will raise enough plants for 100,000 hills. "After the plants are set out," the tobacco farmer continued, "they have strong growth, and poultry can pasture on them almost from the first, espe cially if they are covered with poultry I netting to prevent the fowls from I scrstching up the roots. If the growth is luxuriant and there is sufficient other green food available, the grasses may ba cut off and cured In the same manner suggested for clover or lawn clippings. During the Winter when all other vegetation is withered, Winter wheat or rye will be seen sticking above the enow, and there is nothing equal to them for feeding at this time. In the late Spring or early Summer the wheat and rye become tough, but they have furnished green food for the fowls, and will protect the more tender shoots of grsss and clover that come on later. Sprouted Oats Valuable Early in the Spring, as soon as the ground can be worked, a part may be sown to oats; even if snows fall or freezing takes place after they have been planted, the oats will not be in-. Jured. - All poultrymen have recourse to sprouted oats as a green food, but the question arises: Does it pay? This mist be settled by each operator for himself. Sprouted oats has been one of the standard feeds among commercial egg producers for many years, and It is one of the most satisfactory methods of providing succulent green food at times when other vegetation is scarce. It is a simple matter to sprout oats if the vessels used are sweet and clean and the seed Is kept in a temperature of 60 to 70 degrees and sprinkled with tepid water at frequent intervals. Oats may be sprouted in small quan tities by soaking them in a bucket for a few hours, after which they are drained in a sack. They are then spread on a floor, or in shallow pans. one-half to one inch deep, and sprin kled with warm water morning, noon snd night. When the green shoots are two or three inches long they are ready for feeding. The shoots may be clipped and fed. Or the practice is to feed the entire mass roots, sprouts and all. Fowls that are kept under normal conditions and properly fed may be left to determine the exact proportion of green food that should enter into the ration. When kept in close con finement and heavily fed on highly concentrated grain rations there is some danger of their consuming more greens than Is good for them, and the operator should be governed accord -irgly. The effects of the expeoted food shortage are being felt by turkey raisers. Careless or easy methods of other years must be amended. How to eliminate this waste will be discussed In next week's article. -V s .,1 . ... a ..-. ........ i to be cultivated. They are hilled up like potatoes and the weeds are cut down. They grow to a height of three or four feet and the leaves branch out on all sides. Where they branch suck ers sprout out. These have to be pulled off again and again, so that all the strength of the plant may go into the leaf; and. for the same reason the top is cut off that the plant may not go to seed. "While the crop is growlner every plant has to be examined night and morning to keep off the insects and worms. The worst pest is the horn' or tobacco worm. This comes from moth which can lay 1000 eggs in night. The eggs hatch within a few hours into worms the thickness of horse hair. They begin to eat the to bacco plant and within a week or bo grow to be an inch long and as big around as your little finger. A full grown worm will eat up a leaf In a night, and if not watched' the pest will destroy the crop." "How Is the tobacco harvested?" "That begins when the leaves have turned yellow," said the planter. "The farmer cuts down the stalks and hangs them on sticks which are stuck in the ground, or he may strip off the leaves and string them on wires. He then carries them to the tobacco barn to be cured or dried. The barn is a closed house or hut with a set of flues in it so that it can be heated and kept at Just the right temperature until the tobacco Is cured. This requires days and nights of firing, and the tobacco must be watched during that time. At the end, the motsure has been dried out. The leaves have turned yellow and they are ready to be prepared for the market. They are graded according to the character of the leaves and then tied together into bundles of a half dozen or more each. In which shape LEGAL' SIDELIGHTS FOR LAWYERS AND LAYMEN By Reynelle G. E. Cornish, of Portland Bar. A FOWL DECISION. "Why does a chicken cross a road?" asks the would-be Humorist. "To get in the way of an automobile," replied the disgusted motorist. And just about here Farmer Brown is likely to appear on the scene with a fat claim for dam ages. The consequences are very like ly to be a good case for the lawyers, as in the case of Park vs. Farnsworth, recently reported in 164 N. T. S., 735. In this case an automobile had run over and permanently spoiled the beau ty of the farmer's Thanksgiving gob bler and suit was brought for dam ages for Mr. Turk's unseasonable de mise. The court ruled in the case as follows: "Highways are not built or main tained for animals or fowls to stray in. They are constructed tor public travel. . . . It was said in Brownell vs. Flagler, 5 Hill, 282: There may have been some slight degree of negligence on the part of the plaintiff in allow ing his cow and lamb to escape into the highway; and if the lamb had been killed by a passing carriage, without any Intentional fault in the driver, the plaintiff would have had to bear the loss.' . . , Treating the turkey in volved in this case as a trespasser on the highway, and I think that was its correct status, it is probably true that the defendant can be held, as stated in the case last before cited, responsible only for 'intentional fault in the driv er.' In other words, I do not believe that the owner of fowls has a right to permit them to run at large in the public highways; and. strictly speak ing, in so doing the owner was guilty of a fault. ... "I am persuaded that the law as it stands will hold the operator of a motor vehicle. In the case of meeting or passing stray animals or fowls upon the highway, liable only for gross l-eg-ligence or inflicting Intentional or de liberate injury. Of course, this would not apply to the case of cattle being driven along the highway as they law fully might be, nor, if one might sup pose such a case, to a flock of fowls being driven along the highway, as I assume they might lawfully be. "The defendant doubtless saw the flock of turkeys as he approache'd them, and could have seen and prob ably did see that some of them were on one side of the road and some of them on the other. I do not believe the law imposed upon him the duty of slowing down so that he might have his car under control sothat he could 4 7ert ec? Jy'&Zc? of taken to the auctions and Many of the tobacco centers have their auction rooms. There is one hers at Winston-Salem and another at Dan ville, Vs., which has the largest loose leaf bright tobacco market of the world. Buyers from all sections come to these markets, and at the height of the sea son there are men at Danville from every country in Europe. The market handles 50,000,000 pounds and upward a year, and thousands of hogsheads are shipped direct from there to the manu facturers abroad. I have visited the warehouses at Dan- ' ville, where these auction sales are held. There are 11 of them, and each, covers several acres. The tobacco, cured as I have described is brought, in by the farmers and laid In piles upon the floor. The piles are in long rows and each pile is as big around as & wash tub. It represents one man's . crop, and is marked with a card bear ing the name of the owner. Walking about among the piles are scores of tobacco buyers. They ex amine the tobacco, handling the leaves and smelling them. When the auc tioneer comes in he begins at one end of the room and moves from pile to pile, auctioning off each lot aa he goes. He gives the amount of tobacco repre- , sented by the pile and does not waste time waiting for bids. He auctions off two or three lots per minute. After finishing one row he starts down an other, and so on until all are disposed, of. As soon as a sale is made it is marked down by a bookkeeper who fol lows the auctioneer, and the farmer can get his cash straight away from the warehouse, which acts as a clearing house for the buyers. Tobacco is one of the money crops of the farmers. It is sold for cash, and there is no trouble about payment. This has always been so, and it will probably continue as long as man is addicted to the tobacco-using habit. The. first money that came into the South was from tobacco. It came from sales made to England as far back as 1586, and a little later tobacco passed as money and was used in payment of taxes. Preachers got their salaries in tobacco, and the town officers were paid the same way. Some of the oldest families of our country have among their colonial great-grandmothers women who were brought over from England to be married to the first set tlers. They were landed at Jamestown, Vs., when a likely maid brought, it is said, 100 pounds of tobacco and upward in the auction sale of the girls to the planters. From then on the business grew rapidly. A hundred years before the Declaration of Independence Eng land was collecting from the colonies more than $500,000 annually in tobacco duties, and a little more han 50 years later the crop of Virginia and Maryland was worth in the neighborhood of $2, 000,000. The use of tobacco became fashionable in all the courts of Europe. It spread rapidly to Africa and Asia, and today there is hardly a place on this big round world where the "nasty weed" is not smoked, chewed or snuffed. Immediately stop it, just because he) might have known, and probably did, know, that one of these turkeys might take a notion to cross the road at am injudicious moment. The plaintiff can not recover here upon any other theory; and no other proofs were given." "Does an Osteopath "Practice Medi cine." The Illinois Supreme CourO seems to think that he does in spite of the fact that, he neither uses medicine nor performs surgical operations. Thia apparently inconsistent decision arosei upon the refusal of the Chicago offi cials to register a graduate or an os teopathic school under the provisions) of the medical practice act. Upon suit being brought (115 N. E. 817) -to com- pel the officials to admit the osteon path to registration, the court said izx part as follows: "Though the osteopathia physician! does not use medicine or perform m gical operations, he does treat and opn erate on patients for physical ailments and but for his certificate from the State Board of Health would be liable to the penalty prescribed for practic ing medicine without a license. Al 'physician' is one versed in or prac ticing the art of medicine, and the term is not limited to the disciples of any particular BChool. The term, 'medicine' is not limited to substances supposed to possess curative or reme dial properties, but has also the mean ing of the healing art the science of preserving health and treating disease for the purpose of cure whether such, treatment involves the use of medical substances or not. In common Accep tation, anyone whose occupation is the treatment of Aiseases for the purpose -of curing them Is a physician, and this is the sense In which the term is used in the medical oractice act and in the vital statistics act." A Smooth, Hairless Skin for Every Woman (The Modern Beauty.) With the aid of a plain delatone paste It Is an easy matter to rid the akin of unalghtly hairy growths. The paste is made by mixing some water with powdered delatone. Thia is ap plied to the hairs not wanted, and after two or three minutes rubbed off and the skin washed, when every trace of hair will have vanished. When you go to your druggist for delatone, be sure to get the genuine article. Adv.