THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, JUNE 3, 1917.
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PORTLAND, SATURDAY, JCNK . 1917.
DALY OR BAKER.
Reduced to its simplest terms, the
lssu over the Mayoralty Is Daly ver
sus Baker. The other candidates are
clearly negligible. The public has be
gun to understand that there Is no
escape from the alternative Baker or
Daly.
The public knows George Baker
pretty -well. He is no saint. He has
been a public cfficial for many years,
and in his record are things -which
ought not to be there. The muck
raking exploits of his energies, in dig
ging into the old Councilmanic days,
are neither creditable nor fair.
Wo make no apologies whatever for
what Baker did then. Nor does he.
But. we think that the true test Is
Baker's record as a Commissioner. He
has done well for two years; very well.
He -"has gained in public respect and
confidence. He has tried to do his
duty. He has measured up to his re
sponsibilities. He has been a capable
nd worthy public official.
- If we are to judge Baker by his serv
ice as Commissioner, we may and
should assess Daly In the same way.
If Baker will do as Mayor what he
has done as Commissioner, so will
Daly. Here Is a proper test. They
have served In the same body at the
same time. The public has had full
opportunity to measure both of them.
The Mayor Is to be elected for four
years. It Is a long term, and it is a
critical era for Portland. No mistake
should be made. '
If, the people elect Daly, we shall
have a Socialist for Mayor. He will
Jitneyize the city government. The era
of the soap-box will be installed. The
fight for single tax, often lost, will be
renewed with stronger support. The
firm band of authority over the ele
ments of disorder will be weakened.
There will be encouragement for
strikes and countenance of industrial
agitation for the sake of agitation.
The radicals will have a friend in the
City Hall, and the investor, just now
again .looking to Portland, will be dis
couraged. We shall have a Mayor for
one class, and not a Mayor for all the
people.
a definite way Baker stands for
ordsxly, safe, constructive and sensible
government- The people have their
choice between reasonable prospect of
Bound service through Baker and a
certainty of disturbing, radical, loose
und" socialistic government through
Daly.
The alternative is four years of
Raker or four years of Daly. Let that
be plain. The rock-bottom issue is not
what bas been done by them, . or by
cither of them, but what will be done.
MORE VOLUNTEERS ARE WEEDED.
The United States needs 100,000
mere men for the regular Army and
130,1)00 more' men for the National
Guard. This fact has been obscured
by the interest taken in the draft since
the -law providing for It was passed,
but ;he need Is present and urgent.
Volffnteers are still needed as much
so as before the draft law was passed.
They, are needed to fill the ranks of
the regular Army and National Guard
up 1o war strength and they are
needed now, because those forces are
already organized and will be the first
to go to the front. The conscript army
will;not come into existence until Sep
tember, and will probably not be ready
for active service until a year later.
In order that Uncle Sam may do his
bit this year and next Spring and Sum
mer,he must have nearly a quarter
of a million volunteers as fast as they
can be enrolled.'
The way is open for many men who
will be required to register and who
wish '-to . engage in the war without
avoidable delay. They can enlist vol
untarily in the existing Army and Na
tional Guard and thus avoid the neces
sity of registering, provided they are
accepted and take the oath before next
Tuesday. After that date they can
still enlist until they would be drafted
into the new army. The way is also
open to men who are above or below
the age for draft, for only men be
tween 21 and SI are required to regis
ter for draft, while men between 18
and 45 are accepted in the regular
Army and the Guard. The only ex
ceptions should be men who are en
gaged in agriculture or other civil oc
cupations necessary to the successful
conduct of the war, such as shipbuild
ing, , munition making or the produc
tion: of other military material. Even
then they should not hold back if their
placies can be filled by persons who
are : disqualified for military service,
cither by age or physical disability.
A man should not be restrained by
doubts of his physical fitness, for that
question will be decided by the re
cruiting officer.
There are certain important advan
tages to be gained by voluntary enlist
ment in existing organizations. A man
will be under experienced officers and
among trained men. His training will
therefore be hastened, his efficiency
will ; be greater, better care will be
taken of his health and comfort, and
he will be much safer in active service
than if he were under a comparatively
green officer and among men all of
whom would be as green as himself.
He would get the benefit of the ex
perience gained by the regulars and
Guardsmen on the Mexican border. He
would also have the opportunity of
picking that arm of the service which
Is most to his liking infantry, cavalry.
artillery, machine-gun company or air
service. As regards the Guard, he
would be able to pick his particular
company, and therefore to choose the
. officer under whom he would serve.
He would thus be thrown into associa
tion; with his friends and neighbors.
This might also be the case if he en
listed In a regular Army regiment sta
tioned near his home, for he would
there find other recruits from his own
t ityor state. He would be among the
first troops sent to Europe to get into
the great and Inspiring game of war.
The Oregon National Guard has al
ready been recruited almost to war
strength, but there is still room for a
few men, and there is opportunity for
bright young men of education and
energy to become non-commissioned
officers after a few months. This
promotion would bring considerable
increase of pay. In actual, war pro
motion is rapid, and men of that type
might obtain commissions. There are
numerous vacancies in the many new
regiments which are being formed in
the regular Army with battalions of
existing regiments as a nucleus, and
here, too, a man could choose the arm
of the service which he preferred.
If we wait until the selective draft
is completed in order to fill the gaps
in the ranks of the Army and National
Guard, nearly three precious months
will be wasted. American soldiers are
needed in Europe now, to break the
power of the Kaiser's army, to smash
the Hindenburg line and to open the
way to Berlin, where Kaiserism must
receive its deathblow. Our only chance
of participating in this work this year
rests in bringing the Army and the
Guard to full strength by voluntary
enlistment long before the draft is
made. The conscript army will follow
them perhaps more than a year hence.
The ambition of the most patriotic
young men should be to be among
the first half million and win fame
like that which has been won by the
British "First Hundred Thousand."
TVHO FIATS?
The keynote to the road-bonding
measure Is that the automobile pays
the tax. not the owner of realty or any
other property.
The tax must be paid, however,
whether -the bill carries or fails. The
bonding measure simply converts the
tax Into a definite plan for building
state-aided roads, some of them paved.
If the bonding act falls, a construc
tive and scientific road programme has
been defeated.
If the bonding act carries, there will
be definite benefit to every citizen of
Oregon, employer, employe, farmer, la
borer everybody.
FOR CONSCIENCE'S SAKE.
A good brother of the church mili
tant went to Salem the other day and
looked around at the penitentiary. He
found the convicts for the most part
idle and only a few of them in the
hospital, and he saw that several hun
dred acres of land owned by the state
were not all under cultivation, and
he concluded that the plea for a new
pentitentiary was all bosh.
Now of course if the public is to
say that any habitation is too good
for a felon, no one would have any
quarrel with our impatient clergyman
friend, we think there is no dispute
that idleness is the most severe pun
ishment society can impose upon its
criminal wards. Th state is surely to
blame for its failure to utilize convict
labor at this time, or at any time, for
its own sake, and out of sheer hu
manity. But idleness in a modern prison or
an ancient black-hole is almost equally
a curse. If the men were all to be
put to work in daylight, and put away
in dark, damp, unwholesome and
crime-inviting cells at night, the pub
lic would yet fall in its duty to them.
We agree that the penitentiary is a
good place to stay away from, and
that it should not be made attractive
for anyone. We agree that the in
mates are there through their own
fault, and that they are there for pun
ishment, and. if possible, for reforma
tion. But we insist that society in
self-respect and in common humanity
must make the confinement places of
its prisoners habitable, sanitary, civ
ilized.
The state prison at Salem is a dis
grace to Oregon. It ought to be torn
down. If the state hasn't money to
build a new prison it would be more
decent and defensible to put the con
victs in a field, house them in tents,
and restrain them with a barbed-wire
fence and shotguns. Such a detention
camp is sometimes called a bull-pen.
It is an abode of light and ease and
satisfaction in comparison with the
present state prison.
The Oregonian recommends that the
state vote for a new penitentiary, be
cause it cannot in conscience do other
wise.
HONEST AND TAIR.
Does anyone deny Daly's fairness and
honesty? In the jitney fight he pleased
neither the street railway nor the jitneys,
but he did Insist that s they, by inspection
and bond, give safety to their passengers,
and he did insist that they be not run off
the streets. From a Daly campaign adver
tisement. The Oregonian distinctly challenges
Mr. Daly's fairness. If by honesty, his
ersonal and private integrity is meant,
I is not denied. It is a aueer and nn-
"Xhoiesome honesty, however, which
favors one interest to the detriment
of another, which countenances law
lessness by one group and denies an
other its reasonable rights, and which
nurses and satisfies its own prejudices
at any cost or risk to the public serv
ice. That describes Daly.
It is not true that the public has
had protection through Daly in its
jitney service. It is true that Daly has
carried his favor for free-and-easy jit
neyism so far that when he found that
his own proposal to license and reg
ulate them was obnoxious to them he
incontinently abandoned it and yielded
to their demands.
Does Mr. Daly, or do his friends,
dispute the record of 161 Jitney acci
dents in two years and one-half, with
three killed and 191 injured?
Does . Mr. Daly, or do his friends,
know of any compensation to their
victims offered or paid by any jitney
whatsoever?
They do not. There is no such rec
ord. If this is protection to the public, we
should like to know what Mr. Daly
calls a policy that licenses jitneys to
run as they please, when they please,
how they please, where they please,
paying no attention to anybody or any
thing, beyond a nominal fee to the
city?
Unanimous election of Miss Helen
Taft, only daughter of ex-President
Tat, as dean of Bryn Mawr is a mo
mentous event in' educational circles
because of the traditions it has swept
aside. The old notion that years of
experience were a sine qua non for
this post will suffer a shock. Deans,
of course, must, above all, be tactful
and possess executive ability of a
rather high order, but these qualifica
tions no longer imply the near ap
proach of middle age. It seems that
Miss Taft had sustained her claim to
the quality of leadership on various
occasions during her undergraduate
ship in the same institution, and this
rather than the high standard of her
scholarship, which also was a recom
mendation, undoubtedly moved the
collcsre authorities in making their se
lection. Miss Taft" is only 26, which
establishes a record for youthfulnesa
in the dean of so important a school
as Bryn Mawr.
ARE WB READY TO QUIT?
The Port of Astoria takes this occa
sion to make its formal bow before the
people of Portland through a page ad
vertisement in all the local daily pa
pers, setting forth by text and picture
the impressive and interesting fact of
the municipal docks and grain le
vators there.
Now of course Portland has no grain
of its own to ship to Astoria, although
a large part of the wheat of the Inland
Empire is, or has been, handled by
exporters here. What can be the pur
pose of this noteworthy Astoria ex
ploitation at this time?
We are told that "Astoria and Clat
sop County seek the co-operation of
people of Portland and the vast in
terior, embracing Oregon. Washington,
Idaho and Montana, to make one har
bor of the Columbia River to be
known, upheld and protected against
the encroachments of rival ports."
One harbor. That is the whole
point. One harbor at Astoria and no
harbor at Portland.
What the Port of Astoria asks is
that Portland abandon its pretensions
as a deep-sea port by voting down to
morrow the dock and elevator bonds.
That is the design of the Astoria ad
vertisements. They are well timed.
Portland of course would never tell
Astoria that It ought not to seek reali
zation of its destiny as a seaport. It
has a legitimate and proper right to
go ahead. If we are to have no sea
port here, let us have a seaport at
Astoria. Let there be a port there,
anyway. But is it the primary inter
est of Portland to give up its half
century fight?
If Portland is ready to quit as a
port, let it vote down the dock and
elevator bonds as the Port of Astoria
desires. But what then becomes of
Portland?
THIS rS TRTB MATTER.
We are continually asking each
other. What is the matter with Port
land and Oregon? One thing gravely
the matter is that for a period of
years those citizens who have by thrift
and industry acquired a measure of
competence have been compelled in
each election to combat attempts at
spoliation. .
In the election last November there
appeared on the 'ballot the culmina
tion of a series of efforts to take from
the Haves and give to the Havenots.
It was misnamed the people's land
and loan measure. Its specific pur
pose was to confiscate all land, make
tenants of all land owners and give
access to the public treasury to in
dividuals of specifically limited re
sources. One of the proponents of this out
rageous measure was Will H. Daly. In
the Voters' Pamphlet published that
year under state authority appears the
following leaser:
Opportunity Is knocking less and less at
the door of the average citizen. The pro
posed land and loan measure will broaden
the field of opportunity for every indus
trious man to make & living for himself snd
family, even -under our vicious competitive
system. Jt will accomplish this by abolish
ing the land monopoly and leaving the earth
in Oregon free to those who want to use It.
Will H. Daly, Commissioner of Public
Utilities for Portland.
Although this measure was ultimate
ly defeated by more than 110,000 ma
jority its submission was commented
upon by Eastern newspapers and ac
cepted as evidence of a willingness in
Oregon to experiment with radicalism,
to confiscate property, to take from
one and give to another.
Incalculable injury was done the
state. But it was an injury that had
been frequently inflicted on the state
in preceding elections by the group
of which Mr. Daly is a member. His
name consistently appears with those
of the persistent and pernicious
lawgivers whose activities have given
Oregon an undeserved notoriety.
Some voters are now willing to pay
Will Daly a salary of $6000 a year to
fasten if he can on the city of Port
land the Doctrine of Grab and all
the other theories of socialism and
revolution and U'Renism.
It would be disaster.
KIPLING THE CNCOMPROM18ING.
If the terms of peace are left to
Rudyard Kipling, there will be no
doubt about the fate of the powers
that now rule Germany, nor any phil
andering by statesmen and diplomats
and politicians to stand in the way of
the vengeance of the world. That
stern and uncompromising Briton was
never sterner or more uncompromising
than he is in his latest reminder to
his countrymen that they must be true
to the faith of those who bore the first
shock of war, and held back the enemy
while the nation prepared for the un
realized task before it. To Kipling
the Prussian was plainly the aggressor.
who long had been waiting only for
the fateful hour. For example, he
says:
At the hour the Barbarian chose to disclose
his pretenses.
And raged against man. they engaged on
the breasts that they bared for us
The first felon-stroke of the sword he had
long-time prepared for ui
Tbelr bodies were all our defense while we
wrought our defenses.
This is from Kipling's poem. "The
Children," one of those appearing in
his most recent book. "A Diversity of
Creatures" (Doubleday-Page). The
work is a collection of short stories
and poems, only a few of them relat
ing to the war, but mostly written
during the last seven years. There Is
not much In them to remind one of the
author of "Plain Tales From the
Hills." "The Seven Seas" and "The
Jungle Book," but the Kipling fans
will have a ready answer for that.
They will contend, of course, that,
however different his later work may
be. It is not lacking in the Kipling
quality. It does, indeed, deal more
with the psychological, but that might
have been expected as the product of
advancing years. And Kipling does
leave more to the imagination of the
reader nowadays, which is a subtle
compliment that the reader may not
always deserve. However, in "The
Children" he comes out plainly to tell
Britishers not what they ought to, but
what they must, do. For after the
stanza quoted he goes on:
They bought us anew with their blood, for
bearing to blame us.
Those hours which we hsd not made good
when the Judgment o'ercame us;
They believed us. and perished for It. Our
statecraft, our learning
Delivered them bound to the Pit and alive
to the burning.
Whither they mirthfully hastened as Jostling
for honor.
Not since her birth has our Earth seen such
wrath loosed upon her.
It must be admitted that the Kip
ling technic has not lost its effective
ness, and that he has the same trick
of word and phrase and meter as of
old. But whereas he wrote in the
earlier times in the lighter spirit of
youth, and in a far different atmos
phere, he shows himself now to be
moved profoundly by the overpower
ing trend of events. There is a new
note of solemnity and of admonition.
and some may choose to see a lurking
rear that Britain may. fail to realize
the obligation to see the thing through
to the bitter end. For he continues:
The flesh we had nursed from the first in
all cleanness was given
To corruption unveiled and assailed by the
maker of Heaven
By the heart-shaking jests of decay where It
tolled on the wires
To be blanched or gay-painted by fumes
to be cindered by fires
To be senselessly tossed and retossed in
tale mutilation
From crater to crater. For this we shall
take expiation.
But who shall return to our children?
. Kipling was no pacifist., even before
the war. and now he is clearly Insistent
that the British shall do to the Prus
sians as the Prussians have done to
them. Expiation, to those who know
Kipling, can mean no pothering with
such relative inconsequentialities 'as
money indemnities, and no compromise
ing over a bonndary line here and a
buffer nation there. It is the doctrine
of an eye for an eye, out and out. He
is moved to the depths of his warrior's
soul by the injustice of it all. and he
would make those who are responsible
for the bloody debacle suffer as suf
fered those "children" of the nation of
whom "we have only the memory left
of their home-treasured sayings and
laughter."
Yet those who know Kipling will
also be slow to say that he is wrathful
against the Germans as a people. He
must have absorbed too much of the
spirit of the true soldier to hate the
fighting man. in front of him. His
tribute to Fuzzy-Wuzzy shows that hia
admiration for heroism is not provin
cial. But his heart must burn with
bitterness toward the powers that set
the stage for the slaughter in "the
hour when the Barbarian chose to dis
close his pretenses" and in that re
gard he is not unlike a good portion
of the rest of the world.
THOSE WHO MTJST REGISTER.
Despite all efforts to make the sub
ject clear, some doubts still persist as
to who are required to register next
Tuesday under the conscription law.
The matter, however, is very simple.
The law requires registration of every
male between the ages of 21 and SO,
inclusive, not now in the actual mili
tary service of the United States.
Men born on June 6, 1886, and
thereafter, to and including June 5,
1896, must register. It matters not
that they are aliens. This does not
mean that aliens will be drafted; their
claims to exemption will be duly con
sidered on the record. Chinese and
Japanese. Indians and all others of the
prescribed ages are Included in the
provisions of the law.
Questions of exemption will come up
later; but no excuse for non-registration
will be accepted. The penalty for
failure is imprisonment, without alters
native of a fine. It is important to
bear in mind the dates June 6, 1886,
to June 5, 1896. inclusive.
rCLTIRE AND EmflBNCT,
' There is still a possibility of pro
ducing democratic efficiency through
our school system without at the same
time sacrificing the culture that makes
life worth while. That is coming to
be the belief of many leading edu
cators, who at the same time are not
blind to the obvious fact that there is
something about the old method of
deifying the classics that has failed.
An interesting suggestion is made by
Frederick M. Davenport, in a recent
issue of the Outlook, that this will
come about through the more general
introduction of modern cultural studies
in the lower grades. It Is good to be
told that all cutture is not to be aban
doned in favor of such methods as we
suspect may be contemplated by the
Rockefeller - Columbia experiment,
which would concentrate every energy
upon the utilitarian and would omit
even spelling and grammar, for ex
ample, from the curriculum of a trade
school.
Mr. Davenport, who has been mak
ing a study of educational develop
ment In the United States, finds a hope
ful disposition to recognize the "ex
periences out of which the child must
build his worjd," and to see in the
modern refinements the hope of mak
ing class work interesting. We are to
have our art, and world literature,
and music, if we will, and politics and
sociology, as well. These are to be
placed within the reach even of the
very young.
It is an interesting picture. Doubt
less we shall live to see it on the can
vas, for it is inconceivable that the
opponents of true culture should have
their way. For one thing, the barri
ers of the world have been breaking
down rapidly of late, and we are on
the way to receive inspiration from
many peoples who have not been so set
upon the accumulation of material
wealth as we have been. We have
something to learn even from the Rus
sians,, and a good deal from the
French, while there is a sort of far
sighted idealism in our British neigh
bors that would help us to get more
out of life. For it is admitted that a
legitimate purpose, of efficiency is
happiness. There is no particular ob
ject in increasing our mechanical and
material output If we are only to be
made miserable by the process.
The problem, therefore, is to stimu
late interest in education early in life;
not, as Mr. Davenport quotes Mr. Doo
ley as saying, to cling to the old doc
trine that "It makes no difference what
you study, ' so long as you hate it."
Those who are fortunate endugh to
enjoy the benefits of higher education
can take care of themselves, but the
fact remains that for the vastly
greater proportion of the children
schooling stops at or about the fif
teenth year. If we are to meet the in
creasing demand for industrial effi
ciency, and at the same time furnish
an adequate background of enlight
ened interest in the deeper things of
the soul, it is seen that we shall need
to lengthen the school course, per
hapj to the eighteenth year. This can
hardly be done by compulsion, at least
just now. It may seem a little revo
lutionary, but the plan is to make the
pupil want to go to school. Educators
seem to have approached the ideal un
der the so-called "Gary plan," where a
youngster is reported to have com
plained bitterly because he was not
permitted to go to school on Thanks,
giving day. If this "is true, there is
light ahead, indeed.
The trade school of the future will
receive students who have been pre
pared in the elementary grades by
what are termed "pre-vocatlonal
hints" and "visions of the great work
aday world into which most of them
are soon to plunge." The purpose of
this will be to avoid the mistake of
premature vocational choice. It is re
alized that a good many craftsmen
are discontented because they are en
gaged in occupations that are not to
their taste or for which they are un
fitted. So the elementary work In
clay, printing, gardening, wood and
Iron that the record shows ' is being
quite generally adopted, Mr. Davenport
finds, is not intended to fix boys and
girls in . a trade or profession, but to
"prepare their minds by preliminary
exploration of the various avenues of
work and service." It is indeed true
that a majority of the youths of the
country are needed in the vocations,
but it is not necessary that they should
be dumped pellmell Into them. A little
more time devoted to finding the right
groove, and to acquiring the material
for a broader outlook may be more
profitable than a too hasty beginning
in the rudiments of a life calling.
Individual discontent may be multi
plied into National discontent. Unrest
of ambition and querulous dissatisfac
tion of the poorly equipped and the
wrongly placed are far different things.
The latter may easily become a men
ace. But a good deal of the trouble
Is due. not so much to the inability
of the Individual to employ his hands
as to his total lack of resources within
himself. He has no way to employ
his leisure with real pleasure to him
self. His work grates upon him be
cause the whole background of his life
is dull. He gets into the treadmill and
"brother to the ox" stuff Is written
about him. Worst of all, he begins to
feel sorry for himself, and the man
who imagines himself a martyr is a
nuisance all around. The remedy
would seem to lie, as has been said, in
putting the cultural studies on a living
basis and "combining them with the
utilitarian courses. .The driest of the
ancient classics can be sacrificed
without much regret, though there will
still be some who derive inspiration
from them, and the pure memory ex
ercises probably are doomed already,
but the road to happiness does not lie
along the route of industrial efficiency
alone. Glimpses of the refinements
must be given, with a view of stimu
lating the desire for further-education
in some and so far as possible of
creating an Interest beyond the mo
ment on the part of the workman in
his work.
Almost too late we are. waking up
to the fact that there has been crim
inal waste of the petroleum supply of
the country. The old practice of
tapping wells without adequate ad
vance provision for storing the product
has not entirely died out. The Fed
eral Government has exercised no su
pervision and California is the only
state to attempt to take local control.
Speakers at the American Institute of
Mining Engineers recently estimated
that 86 per cent of our petroleum re
sources has been exhausted, and that
the remaining supply will not last
more than half a century at the out
side. New fields are not being discov
ered as rapidly as formerly and even
systematic methods of search have
failed to give hope. Gloomy prognos
tications, however, are offset by faith
In the experience of economists that
one seeming necessity Is no sooner ex
hausted than a substitute is found. It
may be. that denatured alcohol, or
something else, will be on a commer
cial basis by the time we run out of
fuel oil.
How the Prussian ear must tingle
when it hears that the Turk, who so
long has had a reputation for atrocl
ties, is treating his prisoners with more
consideration than is shown by the
Germans for their captives! Accord
ing to his food standards, the Turk is
supplying the Europeans as well as
he does his own soldiers, and it Is per
haps not hi-9 fault that he does not
understand that the English and
French cannot thrive on the diet upon
which he himself not only prospers
but does enormous tasks. The Turkish
people, at the same time, know little
or nothing of food chemistry, but for
ages have been abstemious, so that
selective breeding has produced in them
an alimentlve system that turns all
nourishment to good account. Tem
perance In eating can be acquired in
some degree, but it is better still to
have a long line of temperate ances
tors. A French economist says that Ger
many will be able to pay S3.200.000.
000 a year as war Indemnity, but even
at that rate it would take twenty or
more years to repay the allies all that
the war has cost and the German peo
ple would be either enslaved or In
furiated by the burden. If by defeat
ing them, the allies can so disgust
them with autocracy that they will for
ever cast it out, militarism will have
been driven from its last stronghold
and the people will have been well
spent. The wiser plan would be to
set the German people free without
the ball and chain of an intolerable
debt, except that which they have
themselves incurred. President Wil
son's policy of peace without indem
nity is wiser, but Germany should be
compelled to repair the devastation of
the conquered country.
British casualties in May were
heavy, but probably not out of propor
tion to results attained and certainly
they are smaller than those of the
enemy they opposed. As a noted
Frenchman has said, one does not have
an omelet without breaking some eggs.
Germany is said to have abandoned
hope of a separate peace with Russia
and to be prepared to defend the east
em front. Now we shall soon learn
whether that threatened advance on
St. Petersburg was a bluff.
The king of the hoboes. James Eads
How. is going to try to make peace via
the Stockholm route. But he would
better keep out of Germany. They
don't tolerate hoboes there.
Fears that our young women will
sacrifice their attractiveness by adopt
ing plain uniforms are groundless.
Femininity, especially In America, is
not constituted that way.
The singularly obtuse thing about
the international Socialist is his failure
to see that international autocracy is
no part of his own programme.
By the simple change of a letter, the
men who cornered the onion market
have demonstrated that in union, also,
there is strength. , -
With the regular Army calling for
100.000 more men, there is still a
day in which to avoid the necessity for
registering.
The world waits hopefully for the
new battle of Waterloo, with the tra
ditional outcome for the principal con
spirator. The anti-draft plot Is a fizzle, as it
was foreordained to be. The individ
ual evaders will soon be rounded up.
The liberty-bond purchase is an
ideal commercial transaction. Both
parties to the deal are benefited.
RECOMMENDATIONS TO VOTERS ON MEASURES
Brief State-meat of Purpose sad IMertta of Constitutional Aaneadmeats,
Laws. Charter Amendments sal Ordlsaseei Submitted te Vote of People.
The Oregonian herewith offers the
results of its studies and investigations
of the meamires appearing on the bal
lot in the election June 4. 1917.
8TATE BALLOT.
Constitutional smendment authorising
porta to create limited Indebtedncsa to en
courage water transportation. 800 Tea.
801 No.
.'This amendment l merely a grant of
authority to ports to hold subsequent
elections and vote, if they so choose, to
aid financially In establishing water
transportation.
Vote 3O0 Yea.
A bill for taxation of Oregon and Cali
fornia land grant. So 2 Yea. 80S No.
The Supreme Court has held that
this measure did not pass the legisla
ture, and is not entitled to a place on
the ballot.
Cast No Vote obi This Bin.
Constitutional amendment limiting num
ber of bills introduced and Increasing pay
of legislators. 804 Yes. SOS No.
Offers an impractical means of re
lieving legislatures of unnecessary
work, and would likely interfere with
Important legislation.
Vote 305 No.
Constitutional amendment declaring
against Implied repeals of constitutional pro
visions. 806 Yes. 807 No.
This amendment has no precedent
and Its effect is wholly uncertain.
"When in doubt vote no."
Vote 307 No.
Constitutions! smendment. permitting
classification of property for tsxation pur
poses. 3"8 Yes. 80S No.
Offers relief from an antiquated sys
tem which drives certain classes of
property Into hiding, where they es
cape taxation altogether.
Vote SOS Yea.
Constitutional amendment requiring that
town, city snd state elections be held on
same dar. 810 Tea. 811 No.
The burdensome quality of the com
ing election, with its seven state meas
ures, 18 city measures and numerous
candidates is sufficient argument
against this amendment.
Vote 811 Ko,
Bill levying state tax of $100,000 a rear
to provide funda for new penitentiary. 812
Tea. 813 No.
This bill Is In the interest of com
mon humanity. The present peniten
tiary Is insanitary.
Vote S13 Yes.
BUI authorising bond Issue of to. 000,000 for
construction of hard-aurface roada wholly
ouuide of cities. 814 Yea. 815 No.
This measure designates roads for
Improvement which lie wholly in ag
ricultural districts, and utilizes auto
mobile taxes levied under another law
to retire bonds and interest. It im
poses no tax on farms or other prop
erty and 80 per cent of the auto li
censes will be collected In towns and
cities. Bill Is In lino with urgings of
Secretary of War and National Coun
cil of Defense for connection of popu
lation centers in Oregon. It Is distinct
ly progressive and its approval is pa
triotic duty.
Vote 314 yes,
CITY BALLOT.
(Recommendations only for citizens of
Portland.)
Charter amendment proposing a new form
of city government. 100 Yea. 101 No.
Proposes changes that promise no re
lief from Inefficiency or extravagance.
Inception Is bad.
Vote 101 No.
Charter amendment providing for two
platoon aystem In fire department. 102
Yes. 103 No.
Provides for much more extensive
fire department without making pro
vision for Increased cost and would
hamper discipline and control now ex
ercised by department chiefs. .
Vote lOS No.
Ordlnsnce requiring thst Jitneys be bonded
for protection of passengers. 104 Yes.
105 No.
A measure to protect public from
consequence of patronizing irrespon
sible and reckless drivers.
Vote 104 Yes.
Chsrter smendment giving free use snd
occupancy of streets for pleasure and profit.
100 Yes. 107 No.
Proposes street anarchy, unregulated
vehicle traffic, unrestrained hawking
and peddling, and deprives city of cus
tomary revenues.
Vote 107 No.
COMMISSION
FORM
DISLIKED
Mayor and Other Officials I'm Too
Many Aotos, Is Plaint.
PORTLAND. June 2. (To the Ed
itor.) I am opposed to the Commis
sion form of government. I voted
against it four years ago. The experi
ence of the four years only confirms
my Judgment. It will not do. It is ex
pensive and does not give a return for
Its cost.
Some weeks ago I asked The Ore
gonian to give me the number of au
tomobiles in use by the Mayor and
Commissioners. The number given was
41 besides 28 trucks and fire engines.
Too many, by far. No, not too many
trucks and fire engines, but too many
for the Mayor and Commissioners. I
shall vote yes, 112.
The engineering department is an ex
pensive luxury. I have It from a re
liable authority that In 1911 the street
work measured by the cost thereof
was more than ten times greater than
that In 1916. And yet It was done at
a cost by the engineering department
of !.8 per cent of the work done. In
1916 the work was done at a cost by
the engineering department of SO per
cent.
The cost of the engineering depart
ment prior to the Commission form of
government in salaries cost $4170 per
month, and a much greater amount of
work was done. Under the present
management the cost In salaries la
SS581.66 per month.
The system of collecting water
rentals is wrong. Bills are sent every
three months by mail. Rentals are
charged for broken periods of months.
A tenant leaves at the end of the
month. A water bill comes in after a
time for the owner to pay. And he may
not get it until the water is turned
off because of non-payment. Why not
the old system of the user of water go
ing to the office and paying the rental
monthly. And if there is a meter, get
the bill then and pay It.
H. H. NORTHRUP.
Ooards Have Leisure Time.
PORTLAND, June 1. (To the Edi
tor.) That traveling subscriber who
says. "I believe If persons who are
traveling over the Southern Pacific
lines to California would drop newspa
pers and magazines to the National
Guard boys, who are on guard over the
bridges and tunnels throughout the
line that they would be greatly ap
preciated, etc." Is wrong.
A soldier on guard should be on
guard and not reading newspapers and
magazines while on his duty as a
gjard. Nobody csn serve two masters
at on" and the same time, not even
a soldier. S. A. MOUIUR.
Soldiers are not on guard 24 hours a
day and reasonable recreation is not
denied them in leisure hours.
Orglnance providing for rnterehanaTO of
service between telephone companies. 108
Yes. 10 No.
This la a proposal to assess all tele-
phone patrons for benefit of very small
minority. Another freak. It has bee a
condemned, alter investigation, by
competent and independent committee
from two civic organizations.
Vote 108 No.
Ordinance defining conspiracies to Injur
trade, business or commerce. 110 Yea.
Ill No.
No Recommendatloa.
Charter amendment abolishing commission
form of government. 113 Tea. 118 No.
Another expression of the falsa be
lief that form of city government is the
dominating influence in getting good
government. It offers no relief front
extravagance or inefficiency.
Vote 113 No.
Charter amendment reauthorizing Issuance
of $75,000 bonda for garbage collection sys
tem. 114 Yes. 115 No.
Provides for unnecessary indebted
ness.
Vote IIS No.
Ordlnenre granting a three-year franchise
to the Portland Trackless Car Company, lid
Yes. 117 No.
This la one of the franchises asked
for by Stephen Carver's company. It
provides for regulated Jitney operation
on streets not now served by any regju--lated
transportation company. It is a
legitimate grant.
Vote lie Yea.
An ordinance granting a three-year fran-
chlse to the Portland Trackless Car Com
pany. 118 Yea. lt No. t
Same as above.
Vote IIS Yea.
Ordinance granting a three-year franchiae
to the Portland Trackless Car Company. 120
Yea. 121 No,
Same as above.
Vote ISO Yes.
Ordlnsnce granting a four-year franchise
to the Portland Trackless Csr Company. 123
Yea. 128 No.
Same as above.
Vote 123 Yew.
Charter amendment levying four-tenths
mill tax for parka and playgrounds. 174
Yes. 125 No.
The first proceeds under this tax are
to be used in purchasing and equipping
a playground In Marquam's Gulch for
the benefit of South Portland children
who now must either play In the
streets or on garbage dumrs.
Vote 134 Yea.
Charter amendment for' 3.000.oo bond
Issue for sites and construction, equipment
and operation of grain elevators, docks,
warehouses. 126 Yea. Z1 No.
Provides for a comprehensive equip
ment for meeting competition of other
cities In handling and export of grain.
Vote 12 Yes.
Chsrter amendment prescribing procedure
for elimination of grade railroad crossings.
128 Yes. 12l No.
Eliminates present provisions for
taxing part of cost of grade crossing
Improvements to benefited property
and places whole burden on railroad
and city. It Is not In line with fair
procedure or customary practice in
other cities.
Vote 120 No,
Charter amendment defining the term
"street." etc. 130 Yes. 131 No.
Apparent purpose of this amendment
Is to facilitate street extensions, but it
attempts to limit rights of appeal from
assessments of damages and benefits,
and seeks to outline procedure In the
Circuit Court, which can be prescribed
only by the Legislature or state-wide
vote of the people.
Vote 131 No.
Charter amendment authorizing the Coun
cil to construct sewers and drains Jointly
with certain counties. 132 Yea. 133 No,
A necessary contribution to legisla
tion enacted in part by the last Leg
islature. It enables city and county by
acting together to create Improvement
districts which include both county and
city territory.
Vote 133 lea.
Charter amendment providing for redemp
tion of Improvement bonds In certsln cases,
etc. 134 Yes. lS.t No.
Enables the city to utilize funds In
bank now drawing 2 per cent, for re
tirement of bonds at jn earlier date
than they could be retired under ex
isting procedure. As such bonds draw
per cent there is a material saving '
to be made by Its enactment.
Vote 134 Yea.
MARQl'AM
CILCH
DISCISE1
Playground Provision by General
Budget. Not Tax, Asked.
PORTLAND. June 2. (To the Ed
itor.) A few days ago an organiza
tion placed in front of our premises
a large placard calling attention to the
condition of Marquam Gulch.
. I am an Italian mother and have
lived in Marquam Gulch for a number
of years, and we are not in favor of
the 4-10-mill tax for park and- play
ground purposes in Marquam Gulch.
Neither are we In favor of having our
homes condemned and sold for that
purpose.
If It is really to the Interest of our
selves and our children that the citi
zens of Portland have a heart we ask
that we may be remembered in the
general budget provided, and play
grounds with suitable equipment ar
ranged In the various locations for that
purpose. W also ask that the Street
Cleaning Department, the Police De
partment and the Health Bureau co
operate In cleaning out the gulch be
low the Fourth-street trestle. All space
above the Fourth-street trestle our
neighborhood has cared for and planted
at this time In war gardens, which to
our minds la a more practical plan than
filling at a large expense by which the
children will not profit. '
No less than 10 or IS families will
be eliminated, each having from eight
to ten children, who will be compelled
to find homes as far out aa Montavilla
or Sellwood.
Mrs. A. M., Mrs. E. L. Miss M. G.,
M. Oaglia. Mrs. C. A. Flecie Gasbro.
Jay Cencl. Jessemina Carlone.
VOLUNTEER
OFTICERS
IRGED
Paasage of Bill Hecom steaded by For
mer Captain.
FOREST GROVE, Or.. June 1. (To
the Editor.) Allow m. to congratulate
you on your editorial on Memorial day
as it had the right ring to it, Keep up
the fight. You should have added that
it would be a great advantage to the
United Statea in the present crisis to
pass the Volunteer Officers' Bill, as it
would then put all those benefited by
it at the service of the Oovernment and
they could be called to duty in any
capacity in which they would be use
ful. There are at least 1200 who want
to serve in any place that they would
be called, and we will have strikes and
disturbances all over the United States.
Those officers would have more in
fluence with a mob than any regular
officers and could be called at a mo
ment's notice and our regular officers
are too busy to be call. 1 from their re
spective commands. The bill is all
ready to pass and can be passed any
day In 15 minutes. It has been recom
mended by 15 states representing 60,
000,000 pc-;le.
UEORlB W. PETERS.
Late Captain Company A, Twelfth
Tennessee Cavalry.