The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current, January 02, 1916, SECTION TWO, Image 21

The Sunday Oregonian., January 02, 1916, SECTION TWO, Page 5, Image 21

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Newspaper Page TextTTTr SC7TDAY pREfiOXIAJi. P0RTLA7TD, .TATTCAIiY 2. t!16. NEWS AND COMMENT VIEWED DIFFERENTLY BY LAYMEN Pf-Tt..r Ja. V .Tft ta K t: ma . af mnty r-t U --. aat"t Ift O- i r-l -.ej. f Oa a..r aaa ft1. m f Suaft law. Tk r rt a al M -"" f-l 4lft. av4 a fa-ft f iin. tt a Wftr a - . -lI f it ft f.aB tnr--!"-. rMWi ;-. I f aa-"?. rl ava at r-t .- ef -t for art. I- w n r i MfT. 19 -T r rmr r - --.. i t' i.i,ft'i it f4. I Th-r c. a -- u "W,i;" ". fmmt I-. fta-- l w .r t ta war aei. i l civi:iti, "l"- a- w ft caa rtr j-t4 ta j it a rtvtn ft -..? If r l 4 :. ( att.) -'&. T1- lf ' .-r fa4 l . - tai f re e c - alar. at it fli - tfca. iin nrvBi' . tottfT. aa4 f-am coiiftvut a-ati"ft eft ta ftft f ".a a '"' rnRiVit:irT .r - I ft W4e ftf rfi'i ftu .aMa rftm. W i I t-w"a--4 "4mbf ftf p.w r ,.t !. X. kanof ! from !. ir-tat w I f -r- II great ftimr t I'll tt alr. 4v iMfitt Uw.-m I ebr tt r.ti'i n is us.". thr i ii MBv"'t of r-t - ltT(t t m lltr tntftil mt not. 4 f-.-ni tf- f rh-r-ft ft4 4f tofot f Hx-rm r nCitutt f ftKl wwt tftm fur f'f,in( t r . r-f rfHil A-i of - t (nt 4-rmt b ni 4fi Ih4 rt. r f a- rrttt. !n tb 4 vtrt tt appof t"tttf f3P th rPt4 rnwint' in I fm r ftU: f faith. ti kiv re4r v 4 '?port f -n4r. fti i4fit'it!rtiv t it tr4 hr th lMim if if rt4 fnwwt Tfc m( Mmft!i ii ti ff'otsrtMstii la t-pAt ..! Ii4 t'mr f.nl Ift J il-. MM At t t t- tK. Pt4al af t " t nt Ha-1 fifm . tiKKUlaii. M4 of 'Jct: ft raiif'.iii 4y. . . . rtnart!y a4j " t it m ri i ' 4 r r l U Hrtlaf. -ratar-7 of r- (r t ar ia--a of I ait4 r.-tf-, i4 Tha m.f-. phisri rant o 4: -i--4 frora &rttLan tv . . . tt o4 te Htft.f f - i havo tfto rrtcaa f4hm to4r for ta lom. raurvft. tt- ti raitntrr a4 l. t I ia ,)iaM tarn &' Ita-rfar Ift mt af itr tta. 4 t aa o4 4af4 it IB roar or ion jp an4 repfrtil .tia."' t. Jm W ;ra. af Arrla. Tat,. w laatir fkf- afear taaft- nnl a a. t4r caa rtta a af ta lr-t J't t'ftrt.l lr ft ' vil MKara. aal la e! a fr a4 I A fnnl .Ma f-r ttrytDmt taj iita war a' f.irw ttK a aa la rrta ra ... I '( 4 aar tftal la nlt bo mtnrit14 ff rf tat 4ir ffona :i ir aa4 atanro. .! a ta aiH I oft ofear 4a v t tna a lr aT. ctft Ift IA Tha rrirniir -a)ft af Hfa afr ritt-r lai4Latia la Ift rtar lo- p. iatt th rh'fi o Iqi4r Tha K. H. tv fif. fpr 4at af Ita I.u raft ai. of 1.rit an4 Jmr I "t.i i ha a r-to--' ft-a-fr. ft.t ai--o a tt oavo ." Thi tr roaao l r 4ftft t.fitlinf tllat MfItta rlit if' ft f.t'f -a a4 iira a Ha 4 r ftaft It krlf ftp a; tm f f 04 wri. fr ana na flav. J. '): "THi-a f fff fth al faa wul r r a a4r I ci a lriai af H-i.Ut ftararft- ro tn t-v a ate4 If tnr a r- ! tft ft a MIaf t-a.r fi tna a laota4 af fUiaf I-" BrV artr.i A FtqCe f pravai. aa fta Mrma 4-EMa Km tvrr tt : a"4- Ta i er aa4 Ift aa 4t rf fran tao vafuUr pra o ft ,"f 4 Lot aa aao a 4A.i4 tka tarrt I" I a ft ril,Mg tw-at. f it wa ft rtatr MUr Pl tft t.a 1 iKif i fb ) a ftavar a jtA4v liar taai4 f It ft 4aa-fu mt lima. To nrnil faa ft.ttll ( t Oft anv f.r L t 4prla tn af tft-if 1.. t aa ir.,r a a t.ma aa IHr al to ;-, It a'a-aa --rr aa 15a ta af a4 ) rMbl ftJ, ! Itma ta Uor, t, rl r a l-a rnrvft i vanrt:4 ftr Ika atata wa.r taar ara raaf!rry t tna frtr-(pl-a af ilf ntf at at ! of Itftitt, ftta fo-abta -r-, . lawa ara iraa faattr, tPj't.t f4 rvmmmim tft tFt4 fio O- r- antir 4r. To r! t. "! vrvirt a f r lhm la 4ptia a-l tm 1,1 r-tt at. fr taor mar fto i rarmrfat ta aft thar ow pta a of I ft'iin aft Jiuajtfar. ta ft4Ba j a Hff t?ka- ft ant 4 fta4 ta 4 j ftitn ra ri.tt a4 tfta auil t , i-'ftrr4 ftr laar fram ftoratar far. or I "'K ' wtt taarft a 151 4r. Ta ) s.t ar t 4 a- Jut taar t ta 4 I' t It. . M. linAUT. iftsn4 a k f.aw aa t rmrtiiko ftf I f prtvata ftu.ataaft ri ta ltrf aacft fttftar fto loal4 ft tft aarr atvtCia la mrwl ur. T a CrnM ara ft aroiiO poop Ift a - (ft ft rtfK t4 larrtlrr. f t ica 'a waioma ail ftvar tfco rt4. tkiil fr vnaaf KVft f-t 14 r af an fr of ron t to. If tb arorwa Ika4 4rta ftm k-a-ft ftoow ftar r of tiMa mghi ftaft a-ft -. ty. ta f laa of rt rn ft. T-at a waft or rattoa mr par hoft- l bt aaa aofhlr to 4a with tha -.t Ka. hut aiftra tara a aft athic i n vqimm b-ynn4 Ihta. ir marT a r.i'1 ta ftrqatr. with ir-tto whKft m bt l.b-rUr lraala!4 "I tnuat It. ta hi wttft Tfci 4'Tr la a afttial from tha cooiftwrcial mot to af lha wvrli Imactr ft a a wta4a h wftrf ,Tira4w with Ita mic:iBaa ftortmant of - piaaft G-tru-aKk Aotofor4 ftaft uat ! oar tft tU lhaai how l ftkaha ft fbiaioft ft pttauta. Tfcta tnar !tf.rt thatr haarta from mar4r. for a ar fta I raa ao craa't la t tha Mtem of ha IrojM. Th fthtlon that woai4 Ua4 othra Into pftth of trva"t pmmrm m-l I ft ftw 01 a rr- , ftbatirta' ita own cr4. or rt'-h bor4 our 4. fb orM - Wxt4. ft roil mvatal parl. ariatlr lew!' ra4nt of tho o-ofmrt af lha a-a. wnia I at i4 la an In 4lar rarla. who tr fta-aattr moat tii br lha aa. an yl w 4rm of aft orft irrrhni rr.arlna. aan ua tn4 Mr ni4. that w. If foaibi. fttar rMrfcatxio th aaa arat h irhwar nf rorrimrra. w Ithout ft thuh that ara lahifta brrad f"ftm othr. w no h4 ar mu- ratar than i Khat a roruvia ambltintt. t ftboorb 'I t-a ruhr of tho aorld: But ftlfto (or tha rt. Am-r. a mar a l aa at ant Ma of ntrraiiottl "tah: ma rkn ara. Tra ka a 4-ap raatma(vl oatliina Irao lha haarta of lha l.nn-h paopia tr Iba cooatanf hartlmc of oar liot riifMnt aout Inf rrfcmota of oar fturtea rtht. rat or mtnary. whtla lhr or ttnr. for Ufa. Ita iranaia tioft la "four paltry vainr ftr mora to tot that our lta- whtla our nift rinft mr-haato ara plana to "ivim" tha rot 'from tb-ir plat, thouth l?tr apa ara :i.4.4 par 4ar. ira4r Amrr'"-. ah a ma. What Is oautral Th anwr tht u-t 4p4 Oft thft 4flnltlona of pao a4 war. frmnr raaha to 4atrr l.na-!ftf hcauao ho aak lo hoc tbo buataaaft of thft world. ft4 It t oa:r loo Iroa that aha doao hot Lark tft r-i tnbitloa lo 4o ta, hut oaly tha aliWcr. I.nt aadr troaa I Carman r would 4o lha msm, any of Iham woo 1 4 do th am ta! aa a mrtrftntift firm would ta all fa fe uafr aa if it rout 4. Tha unaMt-4 arahiiioas ra4 ta -rir lha whlft rauao of arm4 coa flurt. Ara wo frao from It? Wbil lha rhamrioa tvattto for Hfo- do wo orham ta iho tho balaaft which In h-tf atrmaitr thr muat rtl-ct. ao4 whfh hr th law of aarattr ahould ha lhira? Thla la h ftttimato uaa lioft. aot alooa amona aattovv. bul amoaa ladlvlduala of lha aara ao-tv t MMtnifiH rompMiio hana!a Iba trert. to o lb Itfa of bnaina. hot tho dftth of huairaa. Thla tioa aoar la aaahiftf aoiatloo in our Itonal roarM-ila. r aaahlad II wul not do ! taao awar lha B- tiattv. that Ita aoria.iara. Hat Initial! ana fta raatrtrlad. Aft latrnat tonal ftamM roeartl would aar to tt, xx ao compat ift oca fnc: you aw tor tha tha vaat a " to tt t'to Thiah aaaift. It la lh prtr af world pr. Ifti oraaiiooal bully m a-t ra. if tni attoft irulr Amnir ! aft aanpra af paa lt II adopt tha aaottft ' I mm mr brotbar bapr. " Th Pir.t af thla will aala Ha sroaH tft araa ail tho hrtia hr wbtcft I fa i wt.r4 It wool! nft th ttol4a r ii appti4 to patio. If thr aa iiaa win adopt It ! raooa of war wri to attat. Thar la aarh a thiaa hoalaaa rtvalrr. that wot 1 4 t 4frft to Uka aoira from aa-a'h-r. pot aft-ttoft4 hr 16 yolda-a rut. .tioa asar rombla Ift a for- pac aa4 arbitrafa lo avoid war. hat thar raft ta no la-tie aoftro without a ra!4 rod of international iM.ra luttrtRff to aft-h lha rtcht to "I fa. frtr ftftd lha parautt of hapri- l-a.a faafrab. aft llamllrar. rav l(aar.oL Thr la aaoadh for ; oer and farther J:H HUot liRfK KrXPAtJ. tha daairna of othr poaarm Tha two ftropoattioaa ara not vaa rmotaly COfinactad. Tha conclusion of roar corTpodnt. Mr. Nil, whh-h yoo foand " rr to rarract, la Iba natural ona to follow tha fact that tha I nttad Stat-, tbouch lod:r profvaataa lb atmot horror at tha anata murdr of mll'tnna of ICaropa'ti hat man. la PupptjrlnaT In i craai quanttti tha trr mana to proloaaT thai con flirt. Nobmjjp will dnr thla fart. And. uala It l ad- mitt4 that wa ara pot nautral Ift th a&a((r and thai wa ar porpoalr tall- lnT atdaa la lha rnattar. lha fart la ftrmtr aabtaatiatd that It l- all dona for lha anon ibar ta lo It for to toanuf arlarara of war munition. feditorialtr you aar you ara "nnabl to arrift o ft q ambarto would aaa Itvaa la tha ar or da auah(. hot maka oaa 4iproportlon atV Pal. If wa ar r:.r autral. what diffaraocft doa It mak to u whthr tha loaao ar proportlonat or diaproporiloaata? Ioa not your tplaaatloa prova that w ara Intar aai4j la tha mattr lo lha axtant that wa ahould atr th ruppir hualn In or4r that tha rid that would other-1 wto ho loalna; fwr mtaht a mad lo lo mora, thai th dOproport ion mifht ho prvantd? Thla prov that w ar not In any ana nuiral In lb miir. and that our profaion of a arat daatr for paac la farcical a toeff aa wa roaaanl to aupply. for th rommarrtal aaia that may follow. th J vital maaoa for cotrtlnuin lha maniacal I butrhary. A lattar from frland al jUlacn. r rlTd lodav. aara: "npDOPln that from lha outbreak of lb war th l'ai(d ftta bad placed aa rmbarco on tha ahlpmant of puppitaa lo ihi ballla-vranta. what would b Iba ron ftitloa of affalra In Karoo today France. Belt lum; r.uaaia and fVrMa ronUr4 provlnrea. ao lo Ppak.M Thla man takea lha earn new aa Mr. Vllea. V have ba!pd and ar helplnc th ftltla la lha war. Thla would all risbl. ao far aa National com!t ency la concerned. If wa bad dlacardrd all prfttenaa to neutrality, bul wa are talklnc neotratlty and "acllnr up" a totally different policy. f-retdnt Wiiaoa baa officially ro.utd all cltl- na to rfraia from the etprlon of any aympathy with tha partlea to the war aa a bre-h of nutrallty. and yet at puraua a policy, or prmit ft policy, that amount lo blpmc tha weaker eld In tha matter of Inf lirtlna ft frrat er loa of Ufa la ordr that lb lo may bo mora proportional. And that apraare to bo our Juatlf lea t Ion. If. at tha bearlnnlnff of tha war. the t'nlted litatea bad placed an embargo on iba ehipment of munition of war there would not have been ft aemblanre Of partiality In Iba matter; we would have bn nutral In fart aa well aa In prof ton. and our poeltlon after lb do of boetllltlea would bare been far mora aattafartnry than raft be Ui caaa ondr Iba poeltlon wa bava taken. I The affrt of our attlludft I not neu tral at alL Crerybody ondratand lhat. Niiar la It oueatlon of beinc them g-o cot-fraa If ther do not pay Ibem, Mn who never thousht of dome aronar will become hypocrite. Hara and drunkard In conaequvneft of tbia fool ish law. Million of dollar of value hara h-ch detroyed. ral and otherwla. Trni of ihouanil. of men bar lost their work. thtr homee and ail for lha pake of a pi"- of lrrelistout aontlmentality not worth th rarer It I printed on Krora 4oa to aoa mn .who formerly made their Independent Hrlna men from all caMinra of life mutt now be f-d partly br tha rliy and rartly fry their better altuated friend. Thooaant of well-to-do ritiuni of our tatn are pat before tte mt eerloa problemi of their livr. ramtlie are t to want and srtef. The father of tha family ant to sell th lovely homo which be ran no oner support, fla wanta to aeli: 11 what? Ha cannot 11. aj property value ara depreciated and al ba can do ta to rfhintt for aom other property If condition ara favorable. Aa hardly any money can be rataed on property and as you cannot live on brtrka or ahtnsles. th matter become aerloua yea. ao ertou that dir conaa quenc will ba Iba reault. Not th liquor buslneaa alona will suffer, but hundreds nf other trades aod bualnee mn will suffer from the unnatural condition that will prevail after Iecmber 31. lli. Wis but unprejudiced tat and mu nicipal law-maker should bavo found a fin solution of this question In resu latinar the traffic Instead of destroying" Values and wipins; out prosperity. In Hi: I enlisted In tha War of the Rebellion. In lt(S the war ended and peace retrned over tbia areat country, and wa went horn. Kverybody felt lika he bad been newly born in tha en joyment of peace, and prosperity pre vailed to a. wonderful decree. Tha Eu ropean war will and. bringing; peace lo all tha ufferlns; nations, but wa dwell ers In tha land of tho free and 4he home of lha brave, we are doomed and perse cuted br tha indomitable prohibitionist until our crava opens and wa may well say with Panto as he steed at tha portal of bell: Lava all hope behind, ya that enter her LOU1K BltANDT. amtnatlona SO substitute carriers have been enajaited. but nona of them went on the permanent force. During" the Christmas rush this year 16& extra clerka and carriers were engaged tem porarily. They came from the l;st of ellirlbled to the extent that alt who had passed examination were offered tne work first. When tha list ai ex hausted tbo extra ware chosen from available sourcea. S Tha new $1,000,000 PostofTlcft when built will not require any addi tional force. It la announced. Tho forces of the present main office and Station which la the main mail-handling station, a ill be combined. MR. M.IR DKKEDS THEORY TTftS a tat lea Idea la Kvolatioa af Mas la Prat ret ed. PORTLAND, Jan. 1. (To the Edi tor.) -I balk at evolution because the transmutation of specie has not and cannot be proved by the theory. The human organism at no time as sumes tha exact, or entire character of that of any other order of mammals or that of reptile, bird or fish. Though assimilated In soma respects It la not Identified with either of them. The superiority of the human larynx for; voice and musical expression, the foot of man for progression In an erect poature, bis bend for delicate touc and varied prehension, tha K really In creased site and capacity of hla bral and tha entire absence of hairy cover in; from bia back and shoulder al show that a aunerlor IntelUcence well Informed." It la a matter or now (planned htm for a definite and special oa feat ft bout contributing to tne prolongation of a war that w prof to baitev ta tho moat horrible and un justifiable etaughter that baa darkened th history of tha world. we should either drop our profession af atr4ity and abandon our yearn Ing for pc or change our attitude. Ho ahouid either "shoot or give up th gun." Wo should either act constat atly or tab down our sign. Our "neutrality" remind on of tb man who boutd: "l am neutral In the mailer of war I don't give a wboop who lick lb Germans. It la lnded ft 4plorabt affsir all around. T. T. CUfclR. a rrm t: ramcHi o la He tared a TTfteart of 41 t Sfc Craft as f t-rn. r.ru liiLU Cr . 1. si.- To th r lttr It ba ri ai4 that Sarne-l ta a iVatftut for private war. aa-4 )-( ftow th wM4 la mora ttaft MauftMr lrrat..4 ln tha Meetioa er a a'ihltt-it for in trt :o-4l war. I JPa t ' - m r aul iff I wu trrn rHtRcni rnTitrTT ftftft Of iftftlflaaa "4fte "Iftllam I afttral. Ha Mr. rnTtjvn. or. r?- si To ih RUlor Tour editorial roansnant oa sny commaasratloft ralattva to th sap ftirtg of w ar moattioaa lo iba i:aropa hUgrni br th Vitd atata. though prfetrg ft d'-'pxa'atvd I 4ir for pc. la entai4 Hut la ball of awif . lfn T leaving th nfernc that tho w b bev th quickest war to -ur peace, or at la-t a very ef ;tva war. I lo withhold the mean ef eerryleg oa the war. ar therefor eppoe4 to "preparado" for ih rataftcj ef poaauhl futar Iftva- foi. whfcsj la a snot Illogical and un fo4ndd prumptln. There ran ba no duM that Ih America a people ar orrhimtngiy la favor of aa embargo o tb shipment of war uppll and al of ft vigorou preparation against r.iRir RrinriT or vttt-T owfi fuivtrr ri: is . 1 uitet4 aTr-t ej n x aattoa. Thla toia'! ap at:..R ffum Sghtieg. bat, ; a-l a ft atttmar wt4t or. uaia tt i f a ft kep am frm wanting to fight , i There i ftothirkx Ift th propitinft to v f p -.- a that i e i o -v would got1 atertaift ai:crn felta toer4i i ax ft atftae. fr t ' ra of war atowe ot 4er- t wpon tha f . i tftal aa- j j-l-ona ba a ha rvo! rrt4 a ! tnapoie f poa-. wht-ft itithl b ! t.l t 4 !i INa pip;a af th world e tnoi( ifmi. a. -omg id the' g -hta af r4 ftf mira rmmrrUi- t f t : I i war' i i Bimrta ausiioa ' v " .n.Jjt aav Its rocr t answer w i I 'iprir ano(hr ic ii qationt t . a fiiift'-aat. what ia paava. aad, w t t a - m t j Th R'sapifai of tb wertd ar fall : ,. . . . )A r n-iuan ar t, i jxm ( h a 0ng Itaa of 1 rsai-nafrUI COft- ; d . t. eal P- whr tha aga'l' J I e-n-r.tT-4 ar ofn rar ft la oar-! aV 4 - 1: 4 S 4 ' j ! Mr. G..r h bIm-4 Ih point lo lh Iim4iic of lb .llIorlal h n.ntlona. Tb.rvtor. w. aball ail.mpl to .xplaln Ha aManta la aimpl lincuift. Mr -r bad br artum.aC In hla formr l.n.r mlrI)r conln4 blnulf lhat lha maauf act -jr.r in thla couotry war tnnlof aa aa-raaor and lhat. bcaua lata rovalrr d)4 aot tntarf.ra with aad atop Iba Immoral prartira. iba cowatry waa I in moral alao. That thl waa bla position waa mad. rt.ar br hi rilaitoa of aa afractlna brpolb.tlcal Incid.at wbara oaa of two quarrlin m.n both of whom ara anarmad ra.b.a Into a bardwara alora and ta auppllad by lb. marcbant with a waapoa with which to commit murder. itr. Caar promptlr comlrlad lha m.r chaal ef Immorality. I'.ul Tha Or(onlaa ralard Ih qura lloa whalhar. If ona combatant waa trnw4 and lha olhr not. II would ba Immoral for lha m.rrfcanl to atipp'.r in unarmed man lha wnrwlth (or aalt-d.fan. Ilaar. (ha IIII of tha ar- IM. W admir tha adroltnaaa with which Mr. ur Iwlaia Tha trconiao'a rat aranr.a la proporltonata loaaaa to bla owa purpoaa. Tha point mada waa pot lhat Amertran-mada mualllon raaia lb alda loaina; fawar lo 1op mora, but that thr caua lha aid loaiac mora to loaa fawar. Wa bav a rhotco of wa coara. On la not lo Intarfara with aalabllahKl cualoma and QMv.. which courva doaa no mora than parmll an an brak batwean ballic cracta: lb olhar I lo Intarfrr w:th an offlrul, affirmative. National act. TlolatlnaT praccdrnt. which coura will (Iva ona atda a diatincl advantar. Tbera la but one f.cfhnid for th"a who profaaa lo ba ahorked br lha trada la war monition. That la lhat man ufacture and al of war malarial, al aar lira, to an j ona. during- peace or durlne; war. la Inherently wrons. Put w ara not much Impreaaad br Ih prearhment of tho whoa eenaa ef nht la ahocked only at aura a tin: that tha 'Immorality- and th unnau tra lty of which they complain tanda la affect tha proweaa of on lid or th other la . conflict already under A L141011 Dr.rr Oatla.laa ( laax DrtLnr.D JldT la PrahlMlkaa law la -" . r . . . . . - - ' m m . in. I.errf T'!.''4 .4:4 "t.i. a )'a. in.frvminl innt4 la " ! ti- ia t. I I ".p lom. t. I art . ' l,,if t, I i t ! n't a4iaat.a. j un.j4l Aa mean. a. I tt I n -. . t af la wr4, ua .mpiT-t Tht. fart.,-. m:va.i't p . .-baa th trw mini or a i!4 .a. la .ar la ai a t m .oo4-ittme. aaliooa ar eimatitr iai iia prtat cmpat-t-r. ia th .Mtd.r cmmrvtal war. a-a a. a r.a f tk aa a:a. arvwa t.t ,-twa. t. rt. eaxa aea.r ' !... ' ta rtiniviatD Iftvlni t t .r4 ia t a r.. ia n! -.- T i kvt la a-irti. r a qr. rr.iit tiaia fisr 1 trM T i ta ..rm. point of at. aa4 t '.rat-toutr tau-i. Ti .rl4 war f .a ta bat Iba a miae . r riima I. ta. nai tal -ax f ta .tt. nalv;, aad a a Un, Kl La.la. Vr. IU(il Lawi. wba died at h.r home al Meety. road n l .t nark ara t "' r-r :. aa ar r reaiUaat of w i.toorca t'susty aad wa wa.l Iii.k. Ilvol Anderaoa waa bora la Keata'ky la I J . aad wita br aar.ata raad I. Crawford t'ouatr. t.lmoi. wbr ah wa warn.! to tanil laan la T..n:r yar la:r Mr. and Vra. I.e.t. ram I trcn Mra. I. la .a trie raothar of II rfetl ra. w.a ef .ttom 'inlt1 lflr. Il.r-nat . W:llim rU M U.nra !... Mr. , IL P.. I aaj M'a J. W. MtUa. of Torl laaj. aad Mra Frad K. Iata. af Caatralua. W aaa. OAK tir.OVK. Or.. tc. :S To th Kdllor ) of all th Inronautencira. In Juatic and fuadamental wrone cre ated by iba prohibition law. tha para craph aaytnp; lhat ll'juor bill cannot ba collected after January I. Ill, cap Ih climax. Caa any lITinr paraoa In Ihi creat rountry ef our Imaitin whr Ih prohlbillenUt ptace diahoneaty at a premium? Why aot -o to work aad eetabitah a penalty for a maa who la hone! raoucii to pay hla Itiuor bill th ram aa all ba other bile? l.l.Tjor In Ita variou forma la a lecal arti-i of commerce, a Uaal a any article ran b. and la only by a lot ef Intolerant votera declared otherwie. H tea oebon.tr la put at a premium by law la thla obDoxioua prohibition law. thea It wi.I b about time lo hay arerr volar examined aa to bla aaalty before cat I oar h la vote. The para rap a which forbid tha manufacturing ef liquor la our own atata yet permit ona arrd money lo another atata to obtain tt la tha betcM of foiir. aa It deprtree our torn miieitt. of their l-a;al Incom and en rich. a oateidera. bile thee world-reformer ara trying- lo btter roaditiona aa lo eocial welfare, their Intentiona counteract te rurh a limit that eratwhl' boaaat po pia bta lo eonatdar wbatber to pay kbtir aeaaat dabu, a tb jrob, lau purpoae at the atari. I alao healtata becauae of lb failure of evolution In framing; a conceivable hypothcala for lha tranattlon of conaclouaneaa from the rudimentary brute to the buma mind. On Ihi ubjact Mr. Darwin I "teaccnl of Man" and "Expreealon I Man and Animal hag written with much ability, but fall to make out hla caa. In fart, a no leaa diatinamlahed advo cate of evolution than Huxley aara on thla matter: Between tha mind of lb hlgbeat brute and that of man. there ia an enormou gap a dlatance practl cally Infinite John Tyndall alao aara. The paaaage from the phyalca of tha brain In th animal lo lhat of conaclouaneaa which dtetineTulehee man ta unthinkable; I fact, w are aa far from a aolullon of Ih problem aa ever. . . The chasm .till remalna Impaaaable. For the above rcaaona and other muat unite with Carpenter. Dana. Aa-aaelg, Henry. Hr John Huachrl. Ml ilham Thompaon. Aaa Grar and number of other recent aclentlnta of th high! claaa In denying nbaolutely the inauf firiency of proof In evolution of the modification of man'a atructural deaign alnce bla flrat origination on the unlvarae. Arletotl too year ago declared that conaclouaneaa in man alon cornea from without and la divine. I repeat therefore that no Inverte brate animal haa any atructural relation whatever to man In the matter of con aclouaneaa. a fact that any reflecting man muat readily ee. That man waa al th beginning; aupernaturally gifted with auch parte aa prepared him tenta llvelr at leaat for refined life and culture, afterwarda and In manr placea to be loat and regained again and again. through the agca. la reaaonable. Ilialorr ahowa oft barbaric degenera tion, eepectallv before the Cbrtatlan era. with partial rrnrwala and expan alon of civilisation In certain quarters of the earth. Hut there la withal no proved Instance of any nation or race initiating Ita own advancement. Always a fore from without never from wlth- j in began the upward development. Kgypt from inula, urecce by Cadmus, liome from Greece. Kurope first from Home and afterward from Palestine or Jeaua. Therefore, tha much written about evolution, ao far at leaat a the origan of man Is concerned and hla history, la not a force, not a cauae. nor la It law. With due reapect to men far more competent than myself. I wish to enter a protest against the tranamuta- lion theory ao generally received. Oountle.a numbers are chaaing a phan tom and chiefly because somebody they Imagine to be great ha written pro foundly (?). 1 once wa superintendent of a Chlneae mlaalon echool. where It waa obaerved that the blgsest words on the page had Invariably a fascination for tnose who knew nothing whatever of the Kngliah language. I confess that there Is lo me a repulsive poverty In this tadpole explanation of man's origin, contradicted by the Intellectual grandeur or God universe. I cannot think after being a contributor the last ii year In a deaultory sort of way to the mtlheonlan Institute on biology and having maintained a tip ping of the hat arquantance with the 'International cw-ientific Merles. con- slating of more than 10 volume, that the reeourcee of deity are ao meagre, that In order to create a human being endowed with consriousne.s and tha confident expectation of Immortality. h must change a baboon Into a man! A to th criticism sent The Ore- gonlan of my former article. I am unable to e much of anything In them requiring attention. C K. CUNE. ATTACK 0. MOlTAI HEIGHTS May late Austria Kaaad Dlfllcalt by llallaa A nay. PORTLAND, Dec. 1. (To the Ed itor.) The Corriere della Sera, an Im portant Italian newspaper, publishes an Interesting account by a special cor respondent of th difficulty attending the Italian offensive. In the .first part of hi article the special correspondent refer to prior engagement leading toward Gorilla. Ha baa a brilliant style and slvcs graphic descriptions. After mentioning - batteries and cer tain topography, v. hat he has to aay ia here translated: The Austrtana had all theae advantages ftr ooeervatlcia. The around elaraya ascend ed before us from one mountain to a higher on. Y .era not praocrupked wltb th cent, but with vigilance. The vtsion of the enemy dlecovered evrry movement on our chessboard and could direct with precision upon evry point the fire of distant cannon. Wa had to prepare for fierce batllea without secrecy nd our vlrtorlea were acquired with a valor magnificently audacious, a grand prodiaallty of nobility and strength. For this loyalty unexcelled and thla aincere desperation, the enemy waa alwaya found rea-ly. alwaya In force, knowing our plana. These first actiona ware only pressing into tourb with tha enemy and had no recog nisable importance. Wa expected a wall prepared defrner. Wa knew tha enemy had for reara minutely atudled that sone from a military viewpoint. Our information waa of great worka having been completed, but tha obstacles a era greater than would com monly b foreseen. All over were numer ooa ranges of cement trenehea with ahlelds of steel and batterlea placed for cross-firing. There were unfoldrd Immense fields of telephone and telegraph wires. Innumer able observation placea. in the first days of June tha battle commenced. Podgora In those days was a hill all cov ered with a wood, green and dark. It re ceived hnndreda of thousands of shell which destroyed everything and tore Ita aurface and mada tt entirely bare. On tha principal peak of tha hill there remained only the trunks of three treee equldlstsnt. which re minded ona of Golgotha and because of this the soldiers began to call the hill Calvary. From Podgora. aa from 8abotlno. there Is a preclpitoua eeerent to tha river lsonxo. Tha A ual liana fired from batteries of every csllber on Uonto Santo. Monte Han Oabtielle. the hill of han Marco and of Goiixia. The night waa vividly Illuminated by the various projectiles. On our extreme Una little dog carta were used for transportation and vshtrh could go into the trenches. They reminded one of tha Flemteh peasant s carta. They weraxlrawn by strong doss whlro seemed to understand tha importance and urgency of their work. A conductor went with two or thr-e dogs, encouraging them, calling them by nam and helplne them over hard places. la tha trenches the doga would He down and patiently await a caresa. In a few weeka the intelligent anlmala learned the road and couducted themselves Ilka veterana under fir. The Italian went Into thla strongly fortified and rough country with the greatest enthusiasm and made heroic aacrlAcea to take the defenses of Gori sia. Thla place has been called the fort Arthur of Austria and with its fall the war 1 open to Trieste and thence Into Austria. An Inspection of a map in amall sec tion shows clearly the very rough country about Gorilla. From Gradisca the Valler of the lsonxo becomes nar rower aa tt reaches Gorilla and beyond there It appears to be surrounded by hllla and mountains. with crooked roads leading around and over high hllla. The railroad following the river la easily defended, as well as the highways. Thus It ran be seen what a tremendous task it is for the Italians to take Gortxla. whose defenses have been prepared for years. Nature at tended to much of It centuries ago. It is no wonder Italy has been so slow In her campaign, but once the country Is opened to her things will move faster. ROBERT C. WRIGHT. WH1TMAW rO-TTROVERSr NOW OX fertlaad Ttflle Fare. PORTlJlND. Dec Jl. fTo the Ed- Itor.V 1 How many mallcarrlrr and clerk does Portland employ at th praaent time? tS How manr new car rier war given ateady work this year t How many people took the exam nation last year and bow many of them passed 7 (41 flow many or thoae who passed wer given permanent work? I SI How many new clerka and carrier will th Bw 11.000.00 Poatoffic em play T C R (I) Th Portland Poatoffic now em ploy S01 carrier and SOS clerks. (J) Ther wer oo new carriers or clerka engaged fox steady work thl ear or last. i) In llll Iher waa no examination for clerka or carriers, but In September. IMS. more than 300 took th examina tion. Of thl cumber SI passed, la eluding men and women. Dr. Lymsaa Crltlctaea Alexander Powell" Article aad Addlaaa Beaaett. WHITMAN COLLEGE, Walla Walla. Wash, Dec. SS. (To the Editor.) The Oregon Ian of Sunday last contains an Interesting and -valuable articl by Ad dison Bennett on the Whitman matter. In which ha corrects an article br Alex ander Powell In the American Boy. Mr. Powell made a great mistake In declar ing that Whitman's grave was un- tr-irked and he himself forgotten. Mr. Bennett corrects thl error, and then goes on to take up the alleged error in tha so-called "Whitman myth" a whole, undertaking to discredit the claims which have -een made for Whitman's great services in leading the mmigralion of UtJ and in acquainting th American Government with the value of Oregon, and otherwise becom- ng a powerful factor in "saving Ore gon to the fnited Mtates." The Whitman story has been quies cent for some time, but It is seemingly onto of the things that will not down. and the articles by Mr. Powell and Mr. Bennett will no doubt reopen what has been and probably will continue to be an acrimonious question. Mr. Bennett's rticle is written in the kindest tone and is worthy of all respect, even by one who does not accept his conclu sions. I shall be grateful for your courtesy In granting me a brief space for '.onsldering one point made prora inent in Mr. Bennett's article. This is his reference to Professor W. L Mar shall as a final and conclusive author ity adverse to the Whitman claims. I may say by way of p-erace that as native Oregonian, whose parents came to Portland In 1849. two years tter the Whitman massacre, and who were thoroughly conversant wnn tne ntire state of public and private knowledge In Oregon at that time, and myself having known during my early life all the missionaries and their 1 associates who lived Into the time ot my knowledge, and as having myself been a student and teacher of history st Pacific University and Whitman Col- eg for about SS years. I have taken some Interest In this subject, and have tried to consider it candidly and Im partially. I feel that I can speak as intelligently of It as some Eastern his torians who never lived in Oregon or knew any of the original witnesses, somt of whom were never even in Ore gon, and formed their judgments main ly on academic and theoretical grounds and had no opportunity oi lorming an opinion from the testimony of the only original witnesses. 1 may aay that I hope to present In a forthcoming number of the Washing ton Historical Quarterly an examina tion of what I believe to ba funua mental defects In the method and con clualona of both Profeaaora Marshall and Bourne. In th meanwhile I wish simply to urge any readers of Mr. Ben nett article not to rest content with any reference to Marshall as a conclu sive authority until ther have read thoroughly and candld!y hia books on the subject. In my judgment, the most ot Impartial readers will find Marshall to have two defects fatal to the char acter of reliability In a historian. Th flrat ot these la th bitter prejudice aidant throughout hla work. Hi i stock in trade is abuse and vitupera tion. What must old Oregonians think of a man who portrays Father Eells and Dr. Atkinson as schemers and would-be looters of the Treasury and landgrab bers. and in fact liars, though he does not use the word? Mr. Bennett, In fact, involves himself in an inconsist ency in generously commending Whit man and at the um time accepting Marshall as a conclusive authority. Marshall ia more logical than that. He consistently abuses Whitman through out. He calls him a third-rate man, puffed up with a sense of his own im portance and making claims in his ex tant letters which have no foundation in fact, and aa being mainly responsi ble for his own murder, for which be is to be severely condemned, not a hero or martyr at all! The second fatal flaw In Marshall's methods, which must deprive him of reliability as a historian, is that his whole argument is based on negative testimony. He assumes that if the Whitman claims were valid, they would be found In contemporary let tera. records, and newspapers. Not finding them, he pronounces them fraudulent claims. He is deserving of credit for patient investigations, or would be if he did not know so many things wrong. Hia theory about the value of later oral testimony, reduced to writing after the events, as com pared with contemporary writing, is based on reason, but has essential qualifications; and these vital qualifi cations he ignores. ro docs Bourne, who Is worthy of respect in his tone and spirit, though equally academic in his application of the theory. As to that theory, hy which these critics as sume to throw away all the testimony of the original witnesses on the ground that it was not written at the time of events, we will simply say that, if we could know that Dr. Whitman and his associates, Eells and others, necessarily recorded everything that happened, and if we could know that everything which they wrote was preserved, and if we could know that all sources of letters, diaries, etcx, had been examined faith fully and reported accurately then, in absence of such contemporary writinff. we would bo justified in concluding that the alleged "saving Oregon" mo tives and aims of Whitman did not exist. But when we take Into account the fact that the missionaries had good and sufficient reasons for not writing their most important plans and conditions. that much of what they did write was destroyed in various ways, and that the sources of Information cannot have been exhausted it must be seen by the candid student that much of the elabo rate argument of Bourne and Marshall is pure assumption. By such a method of negative testi mony, any event in. pioneer history or frontier history mignt be overtnrown, And the meanest thing about Mar shall is that when he does find con temporv written testimony in letters bv Whitman and other missionarie (for such letters do exist), which by h own theory he ought to accept, he dis torts and abuses them, thus convicting hlnself anew of dishonesty. This whole Whitman controversy ha arisen from jealousies and assumptions and misrepresentations not confined to one side but the great fundamental fact remains that the testimony of th only original witnesses, the only ones who have a right to give testimony, la unanimous to the general effect (ad mitting minor errors and inconsisten cles such as appear on every page of history) that Whitman had a definite plan in his great ride, and later. "saving Oregon to the United States. and leading Immigrants to the country. and that, as a matter of fact, he (an others like Jason Lee also were factors to the same end) became a potent fac tor in the great result. W. D. LYMAN. 'this a drair. upon the finances of a nation? It is a wasting away proocss which like deadly disease soon placea the Iry hand of death upon the vic tim. It is like trying to fill a barrel with water with the bung open. I will repeat my former statement, that the British navy isn't able to full fil its duty to the country, because in reality the German navy is not help less, although theoretically bottled up in the Kiel Canal and in the Baltic Most all British warships sunk were sur.k by the submarine. Its activity was very pronounced at the Darda nelles, and had much to do in making the allied attack there the dismal fail ure 'it has turned out o be. Tho power of the submarine is yet In its infancy. Are we going to remain blind to its future possibilities in naval warfare? We have had, anl still have, evi dence of its deadliness. The English Channel, supposed to 1-e clear of their presence, claimed another victim just recently. If a person wants to behold the efficiency of the Eritish fleet he must remain blind to the fact that more than 500 British merchant ships, liners and other types of vessels, in cluding fishing boats lie at the bottom of the sea. victims of the despised submarine. Far better for these hap less wrecks were thfy' interned in some neutral poit. For defense the submarine is unequaled. for offense its future is promising. Its construction cost is very low. O. E. FRANK. AMMUNITION SALE IS I'FHELD DEFENSE MADE FOR SIBMARIX O. E. Frank fays Its Future Promises Mock, Citing SOO Ships Sank. REEDVTLLE. Or., Dec. 30. (To th Editor.) The British view of the sub marine Is like th man who. after gaxing for some time into the gather ing Intensity of tha storm without. says. How beautiful the sun does shine At least twice have the British de clared the submarine a failure, and still Its deadly, work of destruction goes merrily on; can go on for many months yet as Germany has the big gest portion of Belgium's and France coal and iron mines and Serbia's cop per mines, reputed to be the most ex tensive in the world, to draw from. Of coure we understand that the steel trust materially would be more fa vorable to the dreadnought, requir ing as It does, more of their products, and then, you see, after a year or two some change takes place and the ves sel becomes what they call obsolete, out of style as it were, and goes to the scrap heap and more new steel from the steel trust to fill the gap is required. In spite of th fact that she boasts the bicgest fleet of fighters in tha world Great Britain is slowly bleed lng to death at the hands of the deadly submarine. Every ship sunk can be replaced, every cargo destroyed can be replaced likewise, yet were we ever brought to look upon the actual val ue in dollars and cents sent to the bottom by the submarines? Is not PIONEER OF IS.", 2 DIES PORTLAND. ::f ' i . j - "?: :; I' I: - -. - - n '?if ' fv f a- - - .-.-,. anft i .fri-fr;.,. . ii . . ' uiff. : 1 George H. Reeves. George H. Reeves, a pioneer of 1852. who died at the home of his J daughter, Mrs. A. L. Young. 454 T Going street. December 27 at the age of 80 years, was born in II ii- 4 nois December 14, iuJa. tie re moved with bis parents to Jack son County, Missouri, in 1843, v from where he crossed the plains I to Oregon In 1852 and settled in I Washington County. i Ho wa married to Mary E. J Hall, also a pioneer of 1852, No- ? verober 25, 1865. To this union T seven children were born, of these I there are four survivors: George I M. Reeves, Frank H. Reeves, Mrs. I Rose R. Young and Burton B. Reeves. He is also survived by f his wife and a sister, Mrs. Jane J Finley. Mr. Reeves served during the Yakima Indian war of 1855-58 in 4 (the Oregon Mounted Volunteers. J i.a iihii.mix" Ja.a s a,a j a li A Writer Charges Embargo Advocate With Favorltlam for (Germany. PORTLAND. Dec 25. (To the Edi tor.) I am reporting to you America's divine obligations as put forth by the American Neutrality League up at the little German hall. I am concerning myself with the humanitarian side of the question. Colonel Wood and the Germans say it is murder for our factories to sell ammunition to the allies, but they ad mit the law permits us to sell the am- 1 munition. They claim the higher moral law of humanity forbids us to do so. To justify an embargo on ammunition. Colonel Wood and the Germans quote the high moral law. Now they do not quote this law correctly, for the law forbids this Nation, and all nations, to manufacture ammunition; it does not concern itself only with embargoes. But the German-Americans, with all their love for the moral law. are not brave enough to quote it correctly, for, to do so not only would direct the criti cism of the day against Germany, wtib. her host of ammunition factories, but would suggest the absurdity of asking this Nation, to its detriment and to no moral gain, to obey a law other nations refuse to recognize. As long as the American Neutrality League limits the high moral ammunition law to embar goes, we have a right to suspect its motives. They seem partisan and hypocritical, to say the least. If the high moral law concern itself only With embargoes, -why did not these united German-Americans unite, while living in Germany, in order to place embarboes there? Had it been the desire of German people, for hu manitarian reasons, to unite to place embargoes, Germany would have placed them long ago.. The desire as ex pressed by the German - Americans springs up for the first time. This phe nomenon, they explain, comes to pass because they are loyal to America. Why were they not loyal to Germany, their native country? If it is murder for England to use American ammunition, it certainly is murder for England to use English am munition, for the high . moral law brooks no technicality. And if it is murder for England to use English B I ammunition, it certainly is murder for Germany to use German ammunition, for the high moral law is universal it does not mean one thing in one coun try and another in another country. . From this we can logically conclude that Germany is not righteous because she uses ammunition to murder. As they claim outside of the American Neutrality League that Germany is righteous, they do not base their claim of Germany's righteousness ov. the moral law. But they take side with Germany against us because we ar morally wrong! To what contradictory conclusions those inside and outside the league lead us! When Europe decides to bring about the humanitarian law, she will find America by her side. Aa this law, which the American Neutrality Leag-- has so kindly brought to our attention, in no mistaken terms forbids the Eu ropean nations to engage in ammuni tion trade, we are forced to conclude from their actions that they do not want the moral law. To dish it out to them in the way of an embargo is to invite on one side the approval of hypo critical humanitarians and on the other the enmity of nations offended by our partiality to the other murderers. Th word "murderer" is not of my choos inar: in using It I am standing on con clusions drawn from the contentions of the American Neutrality League In a long war we would be com pelled to import either ammunition or some of ita ingredients. Since this is so, and since to place an embargo is to Invite retaliation when we are at war, we can afford to take no chances. Neither can we hold ourselves open to the mercy of other nations; and, least of all, can we trust ourselves to their humanitarian code. Till the sinister shadows of their armies and navies are cast from our doors, till ammunition factories by the consent of all are in elL where Colonel wood wants tnem. et us not prate at humanity and em bargoes. The German-Americans in the Amer ican Neutrality League say we might be held to account by the central pow ers for selling ammunition to the allies. As thev cannot hold us to account by the law of neutrality, I presume they can hold us to account only by the moral law of humanity. But, as they cannot use force to hold us to account bv this law. I am at a loss to under stand how they can hold us to account. nless they hold us to account hy giv ing us a lecture on this law. What a picture! Colonel wood ana tne uerraana bporo of the wickedness of, America, who overlooks embargoes, and they spoke of the wickedness of England, who ais- utes our right to ship merchandise to Germany, but they spoke not a word of the wickedness of Germany, who, in isnuting our right to ship women and children to England, has sent over a thousand of them to death! Humanity and the American Neutrality League! Bah! G- S. TWOMBLY. Xorth Yakima caring-House Elects NORTH YAKIMA. Wash., Jan. 1. Special.) The North Yakima Clear- ing-House Association has elected these officers for the ensuing year: Presl- ent. JoseDh L. BarthoI?t assistant cashier of the Yakima Valley Bank; ce-nresident. J. A. Loudon, assistant cashier of the First National ; manager. L. Cllft. teller of the Yakima Trust Company. Bank clearances in the past year have aggregated 20.100,816. Kelfco Fire JjOss for Year $2000. KELSO. Wash.. Jan. 1. (Special.) During the year Just closed the total fire loss in Kelso was less than Joun, according to the figures of Fire Cnief Barnard, given to the members ot tn.j fire departmrnt at the annual meetin;: Tuesday night, C. R. Abbott was ap pointed assistant chief at the meeting, and the official committees of the de partment were appointed br Chief Barnard, (4) Frooa th registry of tb 1S1I ax- I