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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 21, 1915)
ttte suxday oTSEfioxiAX. roim;.vxn. November gi. iot.. (Sfif (One iToninn "'l'( - . f in . .it. . -'. .u I I H t . . -1 . , . at - I . I aM,-.! t i - ' 4 1 t 4. tmV 4 - I rm TV i"J- - ' girt - n4 ' I" r A. teaJa? " iaan '. ' . ' I , ,. ..-. I... . V Voe. r.-rnbarii. li. har4- a,.l..l and un-l.n.tUl mouth pi ef ..rma.a u.U'UM CT;.i.ttO. ha t,f.! rr. r..-... t i tr UrC I amnrtJ h jf n4 t""1" - . .1 , lit. I.r.. ;rrl !- in i - I Ians i.m.. I t l,m-lu in Ih. t r n fco.r w r.m.--rn-.l. II t l t-.J .. t,.l sltA mUiB .--ur . lifilin UB.' rrmAir,. rr of " l.jri J il i ui"" HrHAi th. ,,f.tril .',', r.i.trrr tnrlr .Trt It l l rk t:rt :rtum fr..tn a r- d"C-ru n. kl trial t" T-ul" 'i r mirch" m ouirv Jirc-t:r -r fr-m lal Nl tt. n-l R-wU. rB Hfix ha. nti..l lt. hT TfUton ,l,mr. ."..uth-arO. '"J " ! :un4 i - truk It V hn''-"t bn B1 r l,ml brko bonJ r' hp of flair. Ih t II t li'tiMD ur'. H pdrti.!p-t'4 I" drt trur r!an.!. nh.rtr h rtrl In r-l-riii rt.t. h paint tri.l pi. tur .f htt-r4 rrol- i:h ririn from Ibdf on lrt.ry In h.! ror.fion n-l dfrl 1" ue l lh Cr. f it milU.m mn. In touun. iun.. unoiustrJ iraur. Thai b-filnmnl of tl hP .f an rarlr r-orry. ITv.uJ l:u-taa T1m.nt whl -h mr h4 Inlrt rUnt . tfroif r" H"n mrha!r. for fn.j.tr t? foarth or a Bfth of 1ir m In th rnlt. Tb olheT r o"'lr rtmn4. on.Jr rnt:- raf or o-vlr .rman cur! In prtn mp. Th r-mnnt of tho Hiin rtn I d-rtr'4 urtlf In hr ,rri!t mrml whl.h r prT.l.J k BvrrM--"l " rtl.l ob-la-clr ffm ri"' lhir lo-ordlnj-i.r on. irat forvo. tr Mrnhar4l pwo th rhr f fcrfrm ln l Ku.lr.. (I art lfti rf-.tri.j -J Inrlr fflm-r.t bMn.J r.-m. olhrr ltn th rr.p of thir own p"pt. laVn lhou.rd. of Pi "ar ub J l lt wl'Irfl'JnfM r. nt. Itul hr lh i:uun plrt... lfl oft I'llr iwifurl'w.. rmprbl o trt. rac of Mi-I.i:-.i llur.. Ih r.rmn -brburur- ! up th bur. i'r. prolixin f-l " ?ltr for In hn lh rt Kutin Ir arrt-4 bT lh C'rwiar.. ! uc--i ful d Uion. Iho ufl I ?-kJ f r fr-h r.nt r Iho KMlrftl ht'r rttt-.tng of Iho porl o-rurrJ. To h mu.mctl of ,nir.mr. Ih tl '-t'l IIiU hour f r a ral .ault on in wtrrn 'tino of tho Tutor. pr-fpifi:!n f wf Iho rrvl i!truc ! encx'tnen' of lh hol war r.rrharll fir.tr prtfif u l tho rj.n for im. ft prr that hn la ;uKl.n h4 bn iluiwol of. for t lim blr at l.t. Iho Truloru. la. ij4 not ! errpto tha jral forra roar fr4 r rprll"r aiinl lha tr.nrh lino. l:aihr. lha Ormo Eratr t tare.i l?iir atlriln aoiithwaM ar4 pmmpilr thlr ar ml' rn"ln; ri ifial i!irrlto fr purp-'oo of cr'ihtn !rbl. c!ar1ti trt TRa of commtnk-tt'n Info on fantlnopl. t.lTtr lh or.wtto4 ttilaJo of im of Ifia luikan t4 in,! ctfir Into poattlon ! Ihrual at ho iUU of i?rl r.rttaln. Uq- th a!tir4 oirnl With Ih Tauton irmlx m-lr. aouth Jftr' rficnl oiTr" m4 clar rnouah. Cou'.4 ha but brvak through, tha Of. man trtjy oul4 bo foito.j or Jaja.l br Ifta bo-ramtjr of rrtnforclnf tho wrati-rn lli IWrihardl a -prnachaa narr l warmth of fcotln thr mi(M haa bn pct4 of hu atn'Ui nalur In 4p.-tln Ih ;-rtnn !.r n lha wcrn lin. Thirty nr. al't4 dlvi',.) ra thrown ttinl ne Truiott divlatooa on ona t -r an.l h Grtnara bcl4. Thy hl 1 all btorc tha Una. rtrapt for Irm. porarr rar. an4 I:mhar4l r that thy will coMlnu l ho!4 loni "a. ccithrr rrn-h nor KrtflUfi ar iM. to l-al an army Into th flail tha manlat an4 moral atu of which aha!l b aupr1or lal of tha Carman army." Italy la tll.mlaa-4 with acanl con. ii4ratloo. Trn I on acatnal lha oftral powrra a!or th Auatro-Ila-an front. Wtor Kramuri f.rva ba ban nnb l -ln an Inch of r-u. p-rnhar:i lal'a na. Nor doa ba ipra any far from M aoorc. If ra the cntrl pwra corlaist to boll Isafy off whtl Ih prraarit fraal rrtT la b-ln rarrl4 out. Craal lirttam la l rantar of Oarman wrafi. ti c"l cbja.-t! of Tauten mitltarj tiparailnna. rnc'irJ. who rule ona of th lrhMt4 lob. baa aa yl laf.raij tin il Injury. Thoa ara riamhr-!r worJ. II aa rnctan4 I of hr dominion of Ih aaa. . I4l!rc fjrman Irm Jo. KniUnJ with br rotonlea tntarl hurJln Ihou an.! of man tnlo lha braavh. fit l.'ia r aouthwarl I ramp of Teuton lel na la da!n, to altar H lal. l or Ih iunt' fet ar mi,l of rt.t. t:rnharJI ta'ta na. Th Teu tn all relnf-f tha Turaa after ji.rh'j I. rrub. With Ih aI4 of Turkey aa4 llutr1 lhay will l up-n UtTlt Already Hal'an arrr.le art au preparing In au port Knc'and in f'.'pl. ul aln ierr.har!l rii-irt.M-a t:i Italian f.rxea with con temil Or.ce h Itrlltah h'U ! tr.en 4re. on Ih Mediterranean, ha aeea th J.hm-ne4an bor.lea rilr In r "lt. II cea lha iluaffe,-l n prra4 irg In.lla lie Bee Orrat llrlt.iin"a llj.tim amplr cruro plin Th T.ral ttal blw will ha been atrurV. W hal lher Hut !ernhar:i haa rtoth lr further lo aay. H merely polrta to iSerrnana atandinc "at Ihla rrlt-I.-a I lurnirc p..ltil In lf bltry of thir h.)l aar. lu'l of prl.l al tha IhoucM of l.lelr arhlemnla. and aa full of bp " TH NMilirX ttTt. Thr . t aor.ethln bi.ea e-.r.. om I b otn !rre4 In prna-ull"P of rimlnal rai'i li ! fhl arM from Ih ltir.n fraula In l'rlnl JT. Tha fraud wer p tiit. in rhara.ler. They rlt4 un Jct.Uibi). The wcr of jrtt char- a.ter anl atta.he.i in puriir oou ficlom of on of th mt cherlahed riiM of rttMr.Mp. Thea fai-ta. of rourw. aht.utd nl ct.-.urajT aciwii'loa In Ih gut. of praeeulion. 'n th other hand. It la lir.'i.u't to aimpathlj with an a.-- u4 prn who. whil pr"tat!n hia Innocent. I aatlfe4 with the doubtful tmI! jtl.'n if lr.hm.al omtin. a-1 of I'ravlJenc or th taa'a .!rl-. ttmtr.g t lf of lim. II la aa.14 tiial rr.li ti-n la pow doubtful, and th !ttrt Allm'a offl. ha r. -ommnue4 dimlMl It'll lb rrlm aaa prpiratd In behalf .f P"!it at preferrn. t.r plitlal ambilln. In u-h rlf um'.an r tl"n b Ih I r. rruilr.t offb-era or rtirt pro mote au.(l4ln In Ih public mlnj of p!ilial lifluen.a wheibrr Juatifle.l or b"l. I'orfldenc In Ih r"urt la not aa wMrprrad a It iuM I" or a Ihc facia warrarl. Yel II l a taluaM feetlnc In prompt, and If II can b prom-le4 bv precullng a doubtful a. Ih mer .urt ct ou(M H"l t l be!. I an nloUrtr. M-r--er. w ara driM.r back int.i ih .!4 aplrlt of ..lran. of !. tlon frau I Once lb people .r.tv In lhir inlchl actlnat corrup tion and look out of Ih h.in.la tt bouee. war I bee 'era. bal!ol-b. attif frra and briber Ih control of thrtr ci af'alr. Til crlmlnaSlty b.a lr. aiuioualy crept bai-k Int-i fxditba. Now Ih f-rerle that prrme.it numeroua rle'lln . tltina attract but p-ln attention. f'oricrra mat Im Indicted, bul thrv "on ll-.i p-er from aiebt. th-:r itimr. r foreot ten nn4 loey remain unpurlhd. A litt: court t-r out lit ! be a tfoJ thlrg aa a penalty for Ih ln di.'frrenr of h bo. politic and n a meara tf reaw-ikenlnc Ih public r.mx nc. whil ilelernnned and a irtwlvf pncutl"n oticht ! aer aa a warnins to future iraneror. BK ri- ,V pea.! In full Ih ppre. Ii deliv ered by Jui!c Thomaa I". Iturko bo- for I J1) nirmlx-r of thr Portland Krally bard. PrtJ.. "id aa read our wonder trr that mui h ald In detraction of Ih l'rt of Portland wben much waa pnn.ble t aay In It bvhalf. Mr. Hurk. In di. u.ltii a f.illu c off In commerce al Portland and ln- creaa at I'uf l found, dealt In valuea. no! quar.titt.a. Portlnrip ha held It own In wheal and Hour ahlpmeuta. but wheat la con.lderably lower In prb than It waa ln-t ear. I'ucrt S-ur..l' rain haa len In Importa of trana. rtliii ntal traffic and In export of war material., all if which h.t on op n prl by leap and bound. Aa a outlon of thl il:crepanc. Mr. liurk advocate a common rat on grain from th t'olumbi.i Klvrr bln In A.torl.. How thai rat could poib! provbl ahlpmoitt of munl ti.iij of war from Portland or brlnj through Ibl prt lmHtta bound trana. conttneniaf h d.ea not raplaln. Let ua reiterate. I'ortland la hold In Ita commerce In reaped l wheat and wheat product Pue I Sound ha rr.ad only an ordinary r-ord In shipment cf lluae rummiHllllr. Port land baa pot kept pat with Pueet Sound In water-born commrrc a to other comnvlitU a. tiraln ahipment h ro aucmrtitrd Pust louiiJ' record of export and Import or en- rourace4 Ihetr volume. Vel Ih eola tion offer! for Portland backward- n la to tracfrr that which li ha bell aealrvat all comietlton to th mouth of th river on hundred mile awa). In Ih meantime, w ar con fronted with ftcurr ahowlnc Value only, when every rommoditv but wheal and lumber Portlan.l'a chief hlpmrnra ha Increaaed In prlc. If to rranl At-ru th common rat I a good achem. hy It l Itond hem ouchl to b rp!alnd. Her artlon that It will help Portland I nol allofrthrr aatlafartory. And If It i a (u.h xhMii'. Ih ftrat thine that oucht to b don la In atop thr flow of thound of doilar of Portland money paid out throuch Ih port of Portland t'ommtnlon for lmrvr Inc tt river channel thl aide of Aatorva. ISul until It la aaliaf actorily etplalne4. Th Orronlan will ctn tir.ue In plead and Inni.t that. In tha Intere! of bueinei and Industrial growth, at leaat a raonabl desrea of fatrnrs b eihlMted by th common-rat ii5hulat toward Portland In making their lnldtou comrati aon. I MIUtl roIBtEf Aaid from thoa hi maintain that any preparation for National drfena will l-ad thl Nation I ;- uscreaait war and that w ahould trual our e curlty to our devotion In pac and )utli. there ar om pcron who contrnd thai Ih degr of naval ex pansion which la now propoa4 ex keeJ th pd of defen. They would b content with fr la lo protect our roaat from attack and subma rine to drtv off flt of lnvadra. They would atop building battlrahlp. cither bertuw they ronaldrr uch hip uful only In accreaalv war or becau they believe th aubmarin ha dratro4 th battleship uaefut nea. Tb naval programme adopted by Ih Admtniatration I ultantla!l that which ba bean recommended by th general board of the Navy ever ln ItOi. In November. 111. when Ih flrat exploit of the aubmarlne In jth war had fatrne4 attention upon it. th board remained or In nam opinion that th barkbone of an" navy ronaiata of battleahlpa. Kevela tiora of th enormoua oaa of Cerman ubmarlnew. to which mut be added Ih recent l-aa of two In the ft rait of Gibraltar, vindlcat th board' Judg ment. No only In th narrow water around th itrltteh lle. but In tha more ope-n water of Ih Aegean Sea. Ih allied'! ha held control. Nor have aubmarlne a prented !ritiih hip from bombarding German posi tion on t!:e Itclgtan coaat. Hy them r!vr or even In conjunction with cot fi.rttflcMtiona. aubmarlne are an inadequate defer.. The Ker.eral board' calculation wrre bd on the force ncceiuutry to defend our roat and to maintain our polii !c aisalnt any ration likely to challenge lliem. It may be objected lhi.t lb propo.cd fleet would be pow erful rnough for agsreaKlve war and that It pr.oii would tempt the Nation Into u h n war. It I adrull te.!y t!rlcnrd tn overcome the fleet of any nation likely to attack It, but much more would be renulred for an (f rwlt war on audi a nation. We luu!d heed nol only auperlor Navy tn obtain command of Ih aea. but a great fleet of transport to carry an army ami It material arroea the - ran. We should a!o need an army of such Ulmrralon a would make the enterprise- on -ur. aurce. The irrr moderate Army propoaed by the Administration would b hopelessly Inadequate for the Invasion of any r.uiflf) arr"o either orcan. There I no prospect thai the American mer chant marl" will for mnny year at tain t!l:ncn..n aufll. lent to provide transport for a great army. The l(ille4 Stale coul. I n.-t buy or char ier forrlgl. vemrl for the purpose without attrartlng ao much attention a In forewarn the nation w Intended to attack. lirfor the Invader nr rlvrd. that nation would b amply pre pared. Thir I no probability therefore, that the prptae. l.irs Army ami Navy wotil'l b u. for cgresive war In rit'ier Fnropo or Asia. We ar not l.krlv lo undertake ut h a aar acal'isl anv American nation, lie-fort- th t'nttrd State coitld embark on a career a conquering nation. It w ul I nre.l In i. tense It armament . prodigiously lh.it th subject would co.n Ixfnr' the people In a new light. I. ta of tho who earnestly support th prosr.imm f defense would a earnestlv ipp.vi Hrmametit . for ng; kre.:..n Piibri.- oj inlon would ren der II. at polii v Impossible. IMMIkl R M lll.Tt- WORK. Th greatest tribute that -mii be p.il l lo I'o.'kt r Waehlneton Is to aay thai bl own life was the epitome of his teacMnsa: that, when b founded TuskcRe I'l-titutc. he hud already pructh ed and prie. the truth tf thai whlh he pre.ichd Horn a slave In VirKlnl.i. he did not even know ex ! tic the e.ir of his birth, lie picked up the firt beginning of education whil working at n salt furnace, then In a coul mine, and finally aa u house servant. Al Ihe ax of thirteen or fourteen. "I m.i'klng anil lucgliig rid-." li traveled 500 mile to Hampton Institute. Va.. where for tlTee rar he nnrkrd a Janitor for bl board nnd education. After Eraiiuati.'ig be taught for two years, then sti:uied for elshl month, and for two jr.irs was instructor of rnt -f ivo Indian lit Hampton. Tin wa his preparation for the grout work at Tuskrgee Institute, on which hl fame will ever rest. Tile k gee 1 a epb-iidld example of what can be done by one man who Is animated by n great Idea and forti-' fled by labor to carry oui n firm pur pive. IK- began In IsM with nothing but an annual grant of 1:000 from the State of Alabama. He opened his school In n n old church building nearly two mile front the present s hoo grounds. Ilefore the year closed It growth caused It lo over flow Into "il dtlairi lated shanty stand ing near Ih church." The quotation Is from "Tuskeee nnd It People." edited by Mr. Washington and written by the officer of the Institute, a book w hlt'o Mr. Vnh,lr.gtiin pronounced In bl Introductory hapter "an accu rate portrait of the Tuskrgee of to day." The book continue: Tb Lul'-I.nff e-t In su h batl ton,! lino thai, wl.rn il ralnr-l. It n-r.sr-fr li I trli.r nj oiu,!nta la uoe ufnljr.:N In orur i'J frutert F)-inK,V'i from Ih ir m.nis hls rvltau.-n. are bring cun U u. l-d. What are the element which rnahbd nn institution of such humble beginning to grow a e.ir ago Into what one visitor railed "the Hooker Washington clt" of 1IJ building, many of brb k. with farm, pavlurr and wootlland of :ili acres, with 1527 student, with 6000 gratlu.ite. with a faculty of 19- persona, with an en dowment of 1 1 .5 4 1 1 nnd nn in come of nearly . '.00. 000 a year? They were Mu capacity for self-help dls plaed by Mr. Washington ami com municated by him tn his bso lutes; aln the recogrltlon by host of men and women prompted by high pur pose and p'tasrseod of wealth that here was a man who had found a so lution of the seemingly Insoluble race problem and who wa capable of putting that Idea Into practical effect. He demonstrated thl fact by the manner In which he went to work. In th very first ear he borrowed t:00 toward tl purchase for liOO of a 100-iore farm at Tuskrgee. Prom entertainments and suhacrip tlon he derived enough money to pay the balance and In repay the loan. Other subs. rli-Clo.'is supplied menu to erect the first building. Kvery per son who h.i seen, heard or read of Ihe Institute h.i bf-om It friend, and from them ha come a constant stream of gift, because "Tuskegee itself I jielf-made." The building wer designed by the Instructor In architectural drawing, and were built by th atudent under the direction of thrlr Instructor: the brick were made, nnd the lumber and other ma terial prepared by the student. Tuskegee ha been built by the men and women whom It wa bultrilng Into educate.!, cultured, practically trained citizen, who have learned how to do their work by doing It. Il I the phvslcal embodiment of Hooker Washington' practical Ideal Ism. Writing of Tuskegee' ideal, he aid: Th' m.tinri f..r ill Ideal he nol in bltjt .jh;n fnr It. bul .a born of an abiding belt-! thai wo-th I Intr-nsir and thai applied rnmmun aT. pra. ikil knowlrds. con- iariir of t(trt and merhanlrat pkt!t wl!' ntasa a l:t. fr the paiienl atrtvar f.r mr sKur. than II.- artificial hlcba Into ahirli onf mar thrua: him. . K.tura Itun in o. truet -n. la a prarflral me.n la a rivrrilt en.1. M -n .1 -l ralnln a la tha loKirai :a.prrt'St of h r,t -1 r a In Ir. . and bolh. aupp.e-m-nte-J and eetonerl by haa rl -1 r a In l n K. m.k lh riiah-souie.l. useful, produetlv. patrtvitit. laa-,tiric publlc aplrlted cltiaen. II aoundel a warning against "the Ill-advised Insistence" that In dustrial training "should be offered to the exclusion of all other branches of knowledge." and he fenred Injury from tho Idea that "Industrial educa tion hould be offered the negro be cause he I a negro, and thnt the negro should be confined to this sort of education." He said that such education wn emphasized at Hamp ton and Tuskegee "and li'.t because colored people are to receive It. but because the ripest educational thought of Ihe world approveg It; because the undeveloped material resource of the Sooth, make it peculiarly Important for troth rate, and because It should be given In a large measure lo any race, regardles of color, which la In the same atage of development as the negro." He opposed giving industrial edu cation to every negro "to the exclu Ion of the professions and - other branches of learning" for "a race so largely Segregated must have un Increasing number of It own profes sional men nnd women." He fore saw thnt from the development of a constantly increasing variety of pr feKslona: and business men and women . . . "there will be erected by Ihe negro and for the negro a complete and indotrmtlhle civiliza tion that will be resiycted. by all whi.se respect Is wortji having." This is Ih proud claim that he made for Tuskrgee us evidenced by the records of It graduates: t'nder Ihla near dispensation r.f mind. mr.; ard mua-. w-th lha hesl whiles and the beat b!a.-k In amlj:hetlc ro-operat ion. and Jasl.ce meanlna the aame lo Ihe eah aa to Iho li..n. th- S..uth a 111 no longer b itied l a rata problem. Thus the race problem, which has been the despair of many of the wisest white statesmen, promise to be solved through the work of a man born In shivery, who picked up his education, and who started a college In a collide cf dilapidated shacks with .-.iky ro..fs. Ill solution Is to have the negroc uplift themselves until Ihe whlt.s acknowledge them to be the beet met hnnlcs and farmers in the South, but not only that to be men and women of culture, thrift. Indus try nnd character. ueful. public spttlted citizen. Ho believed that by thus provlns their title to respect thrv would win respect. He began and firmly established the work, nnd h spread a leaven through hi race, the working of which Is already evi dent. It will not end with hi death, but will surely be continued by hi !rvoled band of associate until It has transformed the negro, and with the negro ha transformed the South. RKU KHMi Til K Ol KT. It will doubtless be a painful sur prise tn the Supreme I'oiirt f the Trilled States, In learn from a Port land evening newspaper that it de lusion in the land grant case was In error. lioth Intorvcnor and cross eoniplaiuant In the ruse, who were applicant for or settlers on the lan. Is. t ontrnde.l thut the granting acts cre ated a trust in behalf of settlement. The court. In Its decision, discussed nl length their argument, and specifi cally rejected It. Vet tliV Portland newspaper sat "II was as trustee for sale of the lam! to promote settle ment and aid construction of the rail road that the company was given the ;.S0 equity by I'tingres." This rejection of the Supreme fotirfs decision by a learned author ity Is In connection with an attack on C.overnt r Wlihv combe for propos ing that the land grant controversy be compromised with the railroad com pany by arranging for the sale of the lands at a reasonable price and allow ing the railroad a percentage of the surplus derived In excess of its ac knowledged Interest In the grant. Probably ;.ivernor Wlthycombe has read the decision In the case, which apparently cannot be said of many who arc proposing was to open the grant to industrial use. The Supreme Court has held that the grunt is abso lute with the sole exception that it must, when sold, be sold to actual settlers, at not more than $2.50 per acre, and In quantities not greater than 160 acre to olie person. It may thoose Its settlers and use Its own dis tretlon as to lime of sale. There In obviously opportunity for an Impasse between railroad anil t3ov ernmeiit. If th railroad refuses to sell the Government cannot compel II to. Nor can the railroad company actually compel Congress to modify the terms of Ihe provisos by refusing to sell. A dog-ln-the-manger atti tutie by either Government or -railroad Is not conducive to Oregon's best Interests. At best, any money that ihe slate may derive from the sale of the I.mtls will be at the bounty, pure and simple, of the Government. If Ihe issue 1 one of obtaining, for the benefit of the present generation, all but a percentage of the surplus value of the grant or letting the next generation light for the whole of it. we think the Governor has taken the sensible attitude. Hut possibly there I another way to meet the Issue. We do not understand that the Gov ernor's proposal wus more than a feeler or tentative suggestion. This, of course. Is nil on the as sumption that the reversal by a Port land ncwsp-iper of the Supreme Court of the I'nltfd States will not hold water. oi.rrXT) or roNTiET.i. army. The fatal defect In the continental army scheme Is the same as that which Is to be found In any volunteer scheme. In tlnn or actual or threat ened war volunteer would be pltnty .nil employer would readily grant them the leave necessary for training. In time of peace employers would be reluctant t hlr men who must sus pend work fr two months a year for tnree years In order to undergo mili tary training, ami employes would fear to enlist lest they become objects of this discrimination. Vet the es sence of military preparedness Is a large army trained In time of peace r.d ready for active service us soon us need arises. The continental army scheme is but a doubtful step ahead of the prac tice followed In all our wars and oon uemned by every General from Wash ington down. We entered war with i.rt-o bo.lv of untrained, constantly changing volunteers, or militia, who did not become genuine soldiers until they had met severe defeat. The total number of men we put In the field in the Revolutionary War and the War of 1S12 was manv times the number our Generuls had at their disposal at any one time, and they vere so raw nnd untrained that they suffered fre quent defeat by a numerically inferior enemy. Any attempt to prevent discrimina tion by omployers against Continental Soulier would be doomed to failure. Were the employer penalized for dis charging nn employe because he vol unteered, he could easily Invent some other reason. A law forbidding dis charge of a volunteer would be Im politic, for It would deprive an em ployer of the right to discharge a man for misconduct or because he was no longer needed. No court would up hold such a law. A far better plan Is that proposed by Secretary Garrison In his annual report of last year. This was to make a moderate Increase In the regular Army, subject the men to Intensive training, and at the end of a year pass him into the reserve and provide enough trained officers for regular Army, for reserve and for a large body of volunteers. The shorter term in full servtt would attract more re cruit ar.d the short period of nrniual practice for the reserves would not hinder men from obtaining employ ment. One year Instead of three years' training would give the Nation three times as many trained men. with no additional expense beyond the small pay for the reserves, the train ing anil pay of officers and the addi tional equipment. If at the same time the National Guard were put under National pay on condition of con forming in strength, training and equipment to certain National stand ards, and if it were fortified by a re serve, lha Nation would be provided with a well-disoiplined Army capable of withstanding any probable invader until a volunteer army had been pre pared lo make good its losses and to complete its work. AMERICANS AND SI.ANG. An ancient Puritanical magazine falling into modern hands Is far more profitable and refreshing than history. The point of view of jesteryear Is pre sented in the tine perspective provided by lime. If the publication is not too musty with age. it may recall in pleas ant vein the whims and notions of days gone by. landmarks may be found which tell us how far we have udvanced in thought and action. For example, an editorial in a prominent Kastern magazine is before us on the subject of slur.g. The editorial is of the vintage of 1909 and expresses some dismay at legislation by New York tin "Joyriding." Not that the action taken found objection in the editorial mind. Hut the cultured ear of the writer was shocked by such an un, hasten.-! term. Slanjf. it was termed, and there followed a lengthy discussion of the menace of canting speech. Such expressions as "oft his trollev." "Joker." "her steady." "hand ed out." "the bunch" and "glad hand" were cited as examples of the odious slang of the day. Yet how little do they Jar upon the cultured ear of today. After a mea ger six years these words, or some of them, have undergone the purifying prut ess of frequent use In common speech. They are woven right into Ihe fabric of the language. "Joy riding" has been established by use. In due time It will take its place in the dictionary as an accepted term, we suspect, even n the slang of old Knglish Is no loncer slang. Who feels consciousness of offense against the mother tongue in noting a "Joker" in some legislative measure of today? It. with other slang words, has been puri lied at the fountain of usage, and is quite as acceptable as the argot in the plays of Aristophanes or the satires of Horace. It has been said that we are the slangiest people on earth. The hyper tritical have stood aghast at our out landish adoption of short cuts in speech, at our acceptance of mono syllublio untl dissyllabic terms in hu morous, reckless substitution for the established words of the same mean ing. They have charged that our speech is highly metaphorical and outre, and that it reflects the National temperament In its true light. Dry den held that our words are the pic tures of our thoughts, and since we express our thoughts'in such outland ish fashion, we are charged with a large measure of cynical abandonment and lack of stability of character. Who that "is simply nuts" about a thing can be expected to have stable ideas on any subject? Yet if we care to trace that unhappy phrase to its origin, wc pass Columbus on the way back. In the matter of slang perhaps we are offenders. But it is not too much lo say that slang is more common among the highly cultivated tongues. Of course cultivated persons . lean to formal speech, yet slang (the very word itself is of slangy origin) finds its way not only into the every-dav conversation of the great majority, but into tho linest literature of the time. Greek and Latin abound In slang, and it may be unearthed in rich abundance in the comedies of Platius and the satires of Persius and Juvenal. Uf the modern languages. French is replete with its argot and German with Its saunersprache. All slang, to bo sure. Is not fit for perpetuation. Nor should slang be confused with those vulgarisms which are repulsive to the cultivated ear, no matter if heard a hundred times each day. For every word that finds lodg ment In the language, scores of words are rejected. Some are overused and dropped as by common consent. Some are discarded after brief employment. Others survive without ever being ac cepted by persons w ho are so much as halfway cautious in their choice of words. Such words as "pony" and "banter" and "cab" have shaken off their slangy origin altogether. Such descriptive compounds as pot-boiler and sky-pilot have come into more or less general and respectable adoption. Take this sentence: "With shekels raised from watered stock he cornered the market and got right into the swim." Net especially elegant, yet passable in spite of the fact that all the principal words and phrases are s-lang. Slang words are springing up every day like mushrooms. They come mainly from industrial progress and the associations of every-day life. There is Army slang, art slang, stock exchange slang, and slang from every profession and pursuit, high and low. The most cultivated artist will speak of "shieking" a figure, while the most polished of doctors and lawyers have special words to supplant technical terms. Slang is especially prolific in the Army, and whole dictionaries have been compiled providing slang equivalent for everything from the commanding officer to the commis sary's cat. Among the very lower classes Flang and vulgarisms almost supplant orthodox speech. Their metapiiors are couched in a strange extravagance which only the initiated may understand. However, this abandoned slang does not last nor find its way into common use. To the average person a "snow biro" docs not suggest a derelict who snuffs powdered morphine. An occa sional expression from the under world, such as "hitting-the pipe" or "smoking up" or "taking a shot in the arm," gains temporary popularity, but U is doubtful if such phrases will sur vive. It is certain that they will never free themselves of their slangy taint. The words "bazoo." "brain-pan," "giddy boy." "cove" and "moke" have all but passed from the popularity of a dozen years ago, while "Jockey," "pal." "fishy." "mag." "swagger," "stunning," "ripping" and "poppy cock" have escaped the discard. Perhaps the worst thing that, may be said tn truth of this manner of speech is that it reflects a tendency to take serious matters In a frivolous if not flippant vein. There is no insti tution so holy as to escape the darts of slang. There is no relation so sa cred, no incident so solemn that the incorrigible and abandoned slangster cannot turn it to account. But. after i:H. slang based on sacrilege and blas phemy falls lo spread, and that which is applied to the less serious sides of life nmv he nothing more than a by product of that saving sense of humor w hich is an American asset of the first importance. Kather than go to Bagdad, Indian soldiers of the British ranks have mu tinied. Although courageous fighting men, the Indian contingents are a continual menace to a well-regulated army. The superstition which causes them to balk at entering Bagdad, where several holy images are buried, is continually with them and shows itself in many forms. They must drive their own herds before them: they must cook their food in special ways; if a shadow happens to fall upon the pot in which the company meal is being prepared the food is thrown away as unfit. The Indian army on the whole is a poor army. Mexico continues to be the same old Mexico. President Wilson has solved the problem time and again, but his latest solution of recognizing Carranza appears to be no more ef fective than any of his other solu tions. One day Villa wins a battle and the next day Carranza. Depre dation and lawlessness continue. The only change is that Villa defies the United States, whereas in the past those' functions were performed by Carranza. Suits brought by southern negroes for $6S,000,000 against the Govern ment for services of their ancestors as slaves have been settled in favor of the Government Another shrewd get-rich-quick scheme nipped. Any claim, no matter how slender, is al ways pressed against the long-suffering Government, and the surprising thing Is that this particular one, out landish as it may appear, did not suc ceed. There is a shortage of steel for new United States war ships. It seems that we have sold our surplus to the combatants, together with our sur plus supplies of horses, munitions, copper and other potential war ma terial. In the event we got into trouble ourselves we might find that in addition to having no army or navy we had no means of supplying such as we did have. Kngland will resort to conscription unless more able-bodied single men respond for war service. Why not compulsory service in such an emer gency? Why should the red-blooded men who have the willingness and courage to sacrifice themselves be compelled to carry the whole burden of hardship and suffering, while those who are Jacking in patriotic qualities remain comfortably at home? Special permission was granted by Postmaster-General Burleson to close the Kugene postoffiee during the football game yesterday. Wise idea. Otherwise, we suspect that Mr. Jones would have received Mr. Smith's mail and vice versa, for who could perform efficient service with such an event so close at hand? The profits which Hood Kiver de rived from its fruit crop were due as much to organization as to the grow ing of good fruit. Production of a good article is only one-half of the work; getting it Into the hands of the consumer in good condition and get ting a fair price for it is the other half. - Not only would it be unedifying to see a rich man in his sixties sowing wild oats, as- Professor Athearn sug gests, but diminished endurance would be apt to cause the sower to break down in the midst of the wild oat field. Sixty has not the power of re cuperation possessed by twenty. A man left 1 to his wife and J300 for a monument to himself. Many a woman has lived a whole lifetime with just such a selfish man, but it is infrequent that the husband carries his selfishness with him into the be yond. A world's arbitration court is being designed in New- York. After it is completed all the promoters need is to get the nations to agree to the court idea and then enforce the court's decrees after they have been made. Exit war. Simple as can be. An Iowa woman has been sent to Anamosa for eight years for killing her husband, which is differentiation of sex, for a man would get about half that. Henry Ford has a plan now for bringing about peace In Kurope. Henry should stick to the jitney busi ness, where his genius is more effec tive. If President Wilson's fiancee or dered Paris gowns through a German agent, they would have been shipped on a British vessel. Ueal neutrality. It may yet be up to the British suffragettes, commanded by General Emmaline Pankhurst, to win the war for the allies. The war is said to be ruining Switzerland. By keeping the ubiqui tous American tourist out of the Alps, we take it. European Peace Congress has been postponed. It might be just as well to wait until the peace hull is a safe place. The host way to avoid being- hit during wet weather is to give the car most of the room on a slippery street. And now the Bull Moose will have a National ticket. Are there enough of them left to provide candidates? If it were not rain it would be snow- and what would the jitney do then, poor thing? Thanksgiving turkeys are to be cjieaper. Something to be thankful for, at least. After nine hours in a well, an En terprise man emerged happy and well. Well, well! The advance of the turks from Southern Oregon is in full force. This is the season when the chil dren become regular angels. Uneasy lies the head that owes street assessments. What are you going to do for the poor this year? Carranza is after Villa like a Jack ass after hay. Gleams Thro,gh the M;st Uy Dean C ,n The Soul of the Wisconsin proudly falls In 1:, ' To honor Dr Ada Howie. Aa one who knows the souis of . And other things bovii-j or cowe.' 'Twas Ada first who did proclaim, (And back her statements theoretic). That, In the souls of cattle, flame I'ndyiiiK firejs of the esthetic Tho lowli.Td, come to milk the kinc. O'erlooked these finer points most Mindly, Till Howie proved the feelings fine Uf cows demand that one speak kindly. The Jersey's e'out laoo curtains craves. And yearns for mangers tiled and floss)-. And when she gets them she behaes. Says Ada, like a diff'rent bo.-sy. Muie hath charms to soothe the. spirit. And make tlisi cattle thrill with pleasjire; And very often when they hear it. They add two quarts unto the measure. And thus it comes tiiat laurel-crowned Today wise Ir. Howie's brows' are. -Vho first of all, for us has found How lavender tho souls of cows are. "Sir." said the Courteous Office Boy, with one of his best bows, "forgive me if I do annoy, but, speaking of those cows. I wish to say, as man to man, I've just thought out a bully plan.'' "Proceed," I said. And he proceeded. "Since Dr. Howie lias conceded that souls of gentle cows are hent to thrill to their environment then w-e could buy a cow, I ween; hang in her stall an arctic scene; and, while we milked her, soft and low, sing of the gentle drifting snow " "Go on," I cried. "What is your scheme?" "Well, if her soul is working right, on such occasions, sir, she might come through and give us some ice cream." Hey diddle diddle. The cat and the fiddle. The cow- jumped over the moon: My senitie soul 1 can hardly control When I hear a ragtime tune. If I had a cow that gave little milk, I'd dress her up in the finest silk, I'd gild her horns and I'd braid her tail and drape her neck with a pale blue veil: I'd cheer her up with a merry sons, or read her poetry all day long, and if I had done this rightly zowie. she'd give ten gallons, says Dr. Howie. When I was a lad. I hatl cause to be aad. Kor oft from my play and my frolic. At the ciose of the day I would be called away To arduous duties bucoli--. My father's decree Had fastened on me Oh. hard are the mandates parental A Job where I played The deft lady's maid To a cow that was quite lemp.T'mentat In thos weary das I knew not the ways Of science regarding the cow. Each day like a flash Would our temper'ni.-nts clash And we'd stir up a helluva row. I know well today. That the suitable wai ls to sins like a sweet nightingale Till the soul of the cow The sweet melodies bow But in those days I twisted her tall. In these scientific days One should give them bouquets. Which v ill keep the cow s soul in ita track ; But in old times I bent The poor beast's temper'ment, For 1 broke the milk stool on her back. So her soul was distorted, sjhe snorted, cavorted. And kicked me. It must be confessed. And then, without fall She would upset the pail And finally step on my chest. Oh ignorant cuss: I made all this fuss. When, had she but made her confession. And had opened her heart, I'd have known from the start . Thut her soul merely earned for ex pression. But I knew not my wrong. So I worried along Kach day with '.he usual row. And remorse doth arise When t now realize How I blighted the soul of that cow. There was an old fellow said: "How shall I 'scape from this furious cow? I will sit here and croon her a sweet little tune, because music hath charms for a cow." So he warbled to her. soft and low. from Carmen a ditty or so, and tho cow twitched her ears and just burst into tears: "Oh. I dearly love music, you know!" Oh Howie. Dr. Howie, who knows the souls of kine And know about their temper'ment, which you assert is fine, I pray thee tell us more and more don't do the job by halves If cows hae souls, is there a way to loucii tho souls of calves? Kor when I was a callow youth. lull oft upon the brink Of deep perdition did I stand when teaciilnR calves to drink. . So .Nowie. Dr Howie, pray tell us without fail Is there a "soul hold" one can grab when giving calves the pail? How oft the semi-stransled culf hath reared his liripping nose And snorted milk upon me from my head down to my toes. In teaching calves to la' the pail, o Howie, please unfold. Is there some section of their souls where one can grab a hold? This is the cow with the crumpled horn, who tossed her master out in the corn, because he was harsh and cruel and swore he'd hang no curtains over her door. She tossed him high and she tossed him low. "My soul is wounded." she cried in woe. "and I'll give no milk to the surly gent who is hard on a cow with a temper'ment." She chased the master off of the farm; she kicked his shin and she bit his arm. She wept till the end of her nose was wet. and bellowed: "My nerves are all upset, for the mean man sang by the barley bin an aria out of Lohengrin, when he knows full well though he little cares that 1 only love Italian airs. I'll not give milk for that mean old gent who is hard on a cow with a temperament." Little Boy Blue come blow your horn In loud and tuneful peals. Because the cows, who're in the corn Want nuasic with their m.als. Grab up your horn once. Boy Blue And sweetly dance and play For cows, in these conditions new. Demand a cabaret. Little Boy Blue come blow your horn, For Nowie firmly vows That beautiful mcods by tunes are holn In the souls of the modern cows. Blow loud and clear, blow sweet ---i low Till the trembling echces roll. For Howie knows, what we all must know That the cow has a golden soul. Experience of an Alienist. Washington (D. C.) Star. "Did that alienist prove that you were crazy?" "No." replied the de fendant: "but he admitted thut he was nearly so betore the yawyer got through with him."
