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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 23, 1914)
15 COMPARATIVE DRAWING OF BRITISH AND GERMAN NAVIES 1913-14 BRITISH PRE-OREADNOUGHTS (A50(rr40) 1915 6ERMANE-WEA0H0U6rtTS fa & OUT 0) THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, AUGUST 23, 1914. DREADNOUGHT INDOMITABLE INFLEXIBLE INVINCIBLE BCLLEROPHOW TEMERAIRE SUPERB STVINCENT COLLIN&WOOD VANGUARD INDEFATIGABLE EPTONE. COLOSSUS BRITISH DREADNOUGHTS 1915 GERMAN DREADNOUGHTS 1915 MMMHHB COLH15WOOO . yt 'mS!tlhmm PJ '"ss oval IKS 'SSSBSSd -. i -si -nnwrBMf iiiTiiiinii "f Kji 1 fr i nuNULtK f- I ; .JWWtagflfc-'aMi iMVgB o mmmtammmmmmm .LVi i-pflHHH v -i -sseawssssssasassssi HlllBWJiBaBlWt- EBlHgM 1 hhHHIHI audacious MfMi&r .JffiftrffiMPM e: mpl ae iimih bm aasai miimibi iimiii vi I I H E H III I - I JL VN - IKV B. SBT an Ill i MsM aasatSBBBBST 'I H bAhBU QurEN mary . .- W. . s mlm,-. M HERCULES ORION LION PRINCESS ROYAL CONQUEROR MONARCH THUNDERER AO STRALIA NEW ZEALAND KINO GEORGE CENTURION AJAX A AUDACIOUS UEEN MARY IRON DUKE. MARLBOROUGH EMPEROR OF INDIA BEN BOW TIGER OUEEN ELIZABETH WAR spite ITALIAN DREAD NO V A 1 I A KIT V 1915 ROYAL SOVEREIGN OYAL OAK S0-4-UTION RAMILLtES RENOWN M y a raffle -ass: -'..-srrr " KI Mil -N. J 1 JUIII II POSEN VON DER TANK OiTFRlESLAHD HELGOLAND THURINCiEN MOLTKE (jOEBEN OLDENBURG FRIEBRICH DER GROSSE KAISER SEYDUITZ KA I SERI N ONIG ALBERT P. REGENT LUITPO MARKGRAF BATTLESHIPS QROSSE KURFURST OF ITALY PRE DREADNOUGHTS PERIOD t LD DERFFLINGCR K0N.K1 AUSTRIAN DREADN 1915 BRANDENBURG KAI SERIN AUGUSTA VIRiBUS UNITI& TEGETTHOFF PRINZ EUGEN SZVENT-ISTVAN DANTE ALIGMIERI i CONTE Dl CAVOUR LEONARDO DA VINCI G1ULIO CESARE CAIO DUILIO ANDREA DOR I A I NTIL recently England maintained I I what she railed her "two-power ' standard with regard to her navy. In other word?, she continued to build Just as many ships every year as would Insure her having about 5 per cent more strength than the combined navies of the next two most powerful countries, whichever they might hap pen to be at the time. With the ad vent of socialistic and labor members in Parliament and the blindness of the man in the street to any real danger, the naval appropriation was cut down under Winston ChurchllVs administra tion, rather than increased, so that the result would have been, but for the present war. that Germany could have pulled up almost level. In any case. the two-power standard has been lost Irretrievably. ' In naval strength today Kngland has 13 super-dreadnoughts and 16 dread noughts, or 29 ships of dreadnought caliber In all, as against a total of 19 dreadnoughts possessed by Ger many. Fiance comes next with 17 and Japan and Russia (the lat ter now only nominally) with nine and Italy with eight. Austria has four. In cruiser battleships and older bat tleships, England's advantage is great er, for she can muster 48 as against Germany's 27, of which only seven are modern. It is in cruisers, however, that the most striking difference may be seen. Dividing them into three classes of age, England can muster a total of 112, 42 being first class, 37 sec ond and 33 third. Germany has but 54 all told, of which only nine are first class and pnly six second class. Had the war been postponed a few years this enormous advantage of England's probably would have counted for nought, as the ships would have been out of date. In the present war, how ever, they are already playing a heavy part acting as patrols, scouts and con voys in the capture of merchantmen. There is a third class of sea vessels, the destroyers, the topedo-boutK ana the submarines. Great Britain has 227 destroyers. 58 torpedo boats and B submarines, or a total in this division of naval warfare of 370 ships. Ger many has 141 destroyers, 47 torpedo boats and 30 submarines, or a total of 218 vessels of this type. France has by far the :urgest num ber of torpedo-boats, having 173. while Italy !s second with 73. France also has the largest number of sul-marlnes, totaling 90. England and Frame be tween them huve almost nix times as many submarines as Germany, or four times as many as Germany and Aus tria together. They have lve times as many torpedo-boats as Germany and two and one-half times us many Germany and Austria, and they have twice as many destroyers as Germnny and Austria can tutal. DAUDET DEPICTS LOSS OF ALSACE "The Last Class" Describes Passing of Lost Territory to German Rule, ALSATIAN FEELINGS SHOWN Little Laggard in School for Once Applies Hiniseir When Informed That Kb Ixnger Can His Be loved IiangAagc He Taught. The joy in France over the successes of the recovery of the provinces that were lost In the war of 1870 may be better understood in the light of one of the most famous short stories of .Alphonse Daudet. It is called "The Last Class," and Is well known as a 4fem of that branch of literature in which the French are pre-eminent. "The Last Class" is the story of a little Alsatian and the last day that French was allowed in the schools of .Alsace. Frantz was late at school that morning and tempted to stop and watch the Prussian drilling. He resisted and ran as fast as he could to school. The ttory in the translation of George Bur Ham Ives continues: As I passed the Mayor's office I saw that there were people gathered about the little Xoard on which notices were posted. For two years all our bad news came from that board battles lost, conscriptions, orders from headquarters, and 1 thought without Lopping: "What can it be now?' Tardiness Goes) Unrebuked. The boy reached school and takes his place a little late, his tardiness being forgiven on that day. The story goes on: I stepped over tha bench and sat down i once at my desk. Not until then, when 1 had partly recovered from my fright, did 1 notice that our teacher had on his hand some blue coat, his plaited run! and the Hack silk embroidereo. breeches which he ore only on days of inspection or of dis tribution of prizes. Moreover, there was something extraordinary, something solemn aoout the whole class. But what surprised me the most was to see at the back of the room, on the benches which were usually empty, some people from the village sitting as silent as we were ; old Hauser with his three-cornered hat, the ex-Mayor, the ex- postman and others besides. They all seemed depressed: and old Hauser had brought an old spelling book with gnawed cages, which h held wide open un his knee, with his great spectacles askew. While I was wondering at all this. M. Kamel (the teacher) had mounted the plat form and in the same gentle and serious voice with which he had welcomed me, he aid to us: "My children, this is the last time I shali teach you. Orders hare come from Berlin to teach nothing but German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. The new teacher arrives tomorrow. This is the last ciass in French, so I beg you to be very atten tive." Those, tew words overwhelmed mc. Ah ' the villains! That was what they had post ad at the Mayor's office! My last class In French! And I barely knew how to write! So 1 should never learn! 1 must stop short where 1 was ' How angry I was with myself be cause of the time I had wasted, the lessons I had missed, running about after nests or sliding on the Saar! Last Leuon Deacrlbed. Daudet touches feelingly on the 40 years' service of the old French school master, and then the boy's dismay and anguish when he was called upon to recite and could not give the "rule about the particles." The story goes on Then passing from one thing to another ft Hamel began to talk , to us about the French language, saying' that it was the most beautiful language In the world, the most clear, the most substantial; that we must always retain it among ourselves and never forget It, because when a people fails Into servitude "so long as it clings to its language. It is as if it held the kay to its prison. ' . . . When the lesson was at an end we paese to writing. For that day M Hamel had pre pared some entirely new examples on which was written in a nne round hand, b ranee, France, Aleace, France, Alsace." They were like little flags, waving all about the class, hanging from the rods of our desks. You should have seen how hard we all worked and how silent it was! Nothing could be heard except the grinding of the pens over the paper. At one time some cockchafers flew in; bat no one paid any attention to them, not even the lit t la fellows, who were struggling with their straight line with will and a conscious application as if the lines were French. On the root of the school house pigeons cooed in low tones and I said to myself as I listened to them: "I wonder if they are going to compel them to sing in German, too. Through this exercise the schoolmaster sits staring vacantly at the familiar ob jects around him. his friends for 40 years, Then came the death signal for the French language: Suddenly the church clock struck 12, then the Angelus rang. At the same moment the bugles of the Prussians returning from the drill blared under our windows. M. Hamel rose, pale as death, from his chair. Never had he seemed to me so tall. "My friends." he said, "my friends, I I f But something suffocated him. He could not finish the sentence. Thereupon he turned to the blackboard, took a piece of chalk and, bearing on with all his might, he wrote in the largest let ters he could: "VIVE LA FRANCE." Then he stood there, with his head rest ing against the wall, and without speaking he motioned to us with his hand: "That is all ; go." WAYS TO SAVE ARE TOLD American Bringing Idea Back After Study Abroud. LONDON, Aug. 20. Simon W. Straus, of Chicago, who has been spending six months in Europe, conducting investi gations as president of the American Society of Thrift, is to take home a number of 'suggestions. One of them is the establishment of co-operative societies. He has found that the work done by them in Great Britain Is second in extent only to that of the United States Steel Corporation, and that such societies not only save the fees .of the middleman, who Is thus put to productive toil, but give their members a sense of thrift. He found the societies working with great success also in France, Switzerland and Ger many. The use of vacant city lots for gar dening by school children is another movement he will try to further. The American cities, most of which are not yet overdeveloped, as are some of those In the Old World, usually have plenty of vacant lots, left for years in an un sightly condition until building opera tions are begun. Mr. Straus urges that these be turned into gardens, where school children may receive valuable elementary training in thrift. In a summary of his Investigations of thrift in Europe he finds Germany excelling in the economy and efficiency of government, while the Frenchman leads in individual thrift. If the two were combined in the United States, he said, the cost of living would take a big drop and prosperity increase. TOURIST GETS HOME M. Lawrence Leaves Zone of War Before It Is On. DARK SHIP SLIPS ACROSS part of our course was in the very center of the present battle line in Belgium Bouillon. Dinant, Namur, Wavre, Brussels. Antwerp, including, of course, the field of Waterloo. I also made a flying trip up the Rhine and across from Frankfurt to Berlin and thence to Hamburg. In Germany the people surged through th? streets in me evenings. Knotting aDout tne dui letin boards and devouring the numer ous newspaper extras. BALKAN HERO JOINS I laeralnst Turkey, now takes on fresh military has always boen Its generals. I Interest and importance as a graphic! And In no other army Is effective lead- Xoiselcss but for Churning of En gines at Open Throttle, Cincin nati Swerves From Course and Speeds to Neutral Port. Another Portlander to reach home from the European war zone is J. M. Lawrence, who returned from a two months' motoring trip in France, Bel gium, Holland and Germany with Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Drake, formerly of Bend, Or., but now residents of Pasa dena, Cal. He left the Drakes at Frankfort-on- ihe-Main and has been unable to get into communication with them since, though Ire has sent inquiries through the State Department at Washington, but late news to the effect that foreign tourists are receiving proper attention in Germany considerably relieves anx iety on this score. I caught the Hamburg-American liner Cincinnati! at Cuxhaven, the port for Hamburg, on July 29," said Mr. Lawrence. "Things looked vers' squally and there was hourly expectation of a war move by Germany. We touched at Southampton and got English papers, indicating a serious situation. A score of powerful searchlights from forts and warships continually swept the harbor in an exceedingly alert and business like manner and kept everything well lit, particularly our German ship. At sea we got by wireless news of the ac tion of Germany and Russia and France, which everybody, including the ship's officers, seemed to expect; but when the news came that Great Britain also had decided to oppose Germany something akin to panic seized our German crw, and from that moment we ran like fugitives. 'The orchestra was ordered to quit in the middle of a selection Pprts were masked and decks blanketed, every ight was doused or hidden, and we turned due south for the Azores. In foggy weather speed was increased and no signal sounded. All other craft were given wide berth, in order that we should escape laentirication ana report. 'Plentv of wireless news was received. but not a sound of any kind given out. Our long silence evidently caused some anxiety ashore and Cordinal O'Connell, who was among our pas sengers, received an urgent inquiry from a Boston paper and another from a press association as to the condition of our ship, the messages being wire lessed at random over the sea. They were received, but no response was allowed to be sent Not until the neu tral waters of Cape Cod were reached, 10 days out from the North Sea. were these precautions dropped, and then we were only a few hours from the Boston pier, where we found a very anxious crowd waiting. A German crew of 450 and a ship worth J2, 000,000 would nave been no mean prize for the British. "In motoring through the country SOCIALISTS PLAN COLLEGE First Institution of Kind ProtKsed for Kansas. TOPEKA, Kan., Aug. 17. A Socialist college, believed to be the first insti tution of its kind in the country, has been chartered by the state of Kansas. The college is to be located in Fort Scott and will be known as the Peo ple's College. The purpose of the col lege, as outlined in the charter, is: "The teaching in this college shall be done both by correspondence and resident-school methods. "All subjects taught shall be taught, as far as possible, from the viewpoint of the producers of wealth, the rela tion of the working class to civiliza tion and to the social problems that confront mankind. All moneys arising from any source will be used to extend the work of the college and to create a fund for the aid of the students in pro curing an education." General Radko Dimitrieff Of fers Aid to Russia. EFFECT HELD SIGNIFICAN The Imports' of cigarettes into China continue to increase, notwithstanding greater croduction by Chinese tobacco factories. Victor of Many Battles, Idol of Two Annies and Organizer of Ability Earns Comparison With Napoleon In War. In the press of news from the fron the significance of the brief statemen in the papers of August 11 that Gen eral Radko Dimitrieff, commander the Third Bulgarian army during the Balkan war. has telegraphed his resig nation in order that he might Join th Russian army, has escaped general no tice. The remarkable career of this hero of the Balkans is sketched by Lieu tenant Wagner in With the victorious Bulgarians," and this famous book on the Balkan powers and their wa NOTED BULGARIAN ARMY OFFICER RESIGNS TO FIGHT FOR CZAR IN WAR ON GERMANY. GE.EIIAL DUllTltlliFPF. account of the generalship of a man who may easily beeon5e a dominant factor In the present war. "Since the day of Kirk Killsse Lieutenant Wagner wrote, "a name has become generally known throughout the world, which has long enjoyed pop ular fame throughout Bulgaria itself the name of General Rndko Dimitrieff, the victor of Kirk Killsse, and the commander of the Third Bulgarian army. Xapoleoo-tMcbrto In Mrkname. "The officers and soldiers call him 'Napoleon-tscheto,' not only on account of the likeness of his profile and his general build to that of Napoleon, but also because he is the hero of Kirk Killsse, I. tile Burgas and Chorlu. "Whence came Radko Dimitrieff?, What was the past career of this hero, undoubtedly the most popular leader of hts time in Bulgaria? Ho was born in tho little town of Gradez on Sep tember 24. 18511, and after a successful course at the Military School of Sofia, passed out as Ueuteiu nt on May 10, 1879. He then distinguished himself as a student at the Academy ot the General Staff at St. Petersburg. 'When the annexation of Eastern Roumelia was proclaimed by Prince Alexander at Pliilippopolis, he was sent with most of the Bulgarian army to the Turkish frontier, for naturally the general idea was that Bulgaria would be attacked by urkey. But the foresight and the expectations of Nat- schovllsch, who was then Ambassador at Bucharest, were Justified and it was not the Turks but the 'Servian broth ers' of Bulgaria who were the lnvau ers. Polities Cauxr Kxile. "it Is well known how difficult it then was. on account of the want of railways, to transfer Bulgarian troops from the south to the northwest of the country. Radko Dimitrieff took -part as a captain in this operation. March ng his men at headlong speed, he was n time to be present at the decisive battle of Slivnitza as one of the famous left wing. But then came the unfor tunate dethroning of Prince Alexander the result of a conspiracy organized by Russian Panslavists among the offl- ers who had studied at St. iVtersburg and were enthusiasts for the Czar, 'thv iberator from the Turkish yoke.' This affair involved the otherwise amiabld and astute Radko Dimitrieff in pon tes. Ho had to leave the service and o away to Russia, where he was again mployed as an officer, this time in a oreign army. "He distinguished himself in various ways in his -work as captain and soon ecelved I'lomotlon. But homt-m k ness grew tipon him, and he often regretted that he had allowed himself to be rawn into politics. Rilla-irlnns Return M Iron Later. "Ten years after his exile began he was enabled to return to Bulgaria un der the Government of Stuliol'f, who ad brought about a reconciliation ith Russia. His whole conduct in Ills elatlons with others and his zeal fot is military duties soon opened for him the advancement that he so well mor- ted, and he was named inspector-gen- ral of the Third Army District. "In this appointment General Dlmit eff showed more than ordinary abll- ty In preparing all the resources he would have to rely upon in a future war. Frequent staff-rides In the open ountry. the ideas and schemes for hlch were always very original, anil manuevers with tho troops made him reatly liked and generally popular with the army. When he appeared mong his troops, which was very ften, one could see in the faces of the men tneir entnusiasm ror mm. (From "With the Victorious Bulgar ians by lieutenant llernienog uj wan ner. This book also contains a full account of Dimitrieff's remarkable campaign in the Balkan War. I Alfearta The w eakest point of the Russian I acrea. erslilp more necessary. I'rrdei irk tha Great said the Russian soldiers ware so stupid that they didn't know enough to fall down when they were killed. Patlenl, stubborn, obedient, fearing death less than he does the officers, the moujlk lacks only Individual effi ciency to make him the Ideal soldier. It is Just this defect that makes the success of Russian arms absolutely de pendent on the quality of Russian gen erala. The Russo-Japanese War failed to disclose any effective commander, and, as far as Is known, none has sine arisen. Russia can put an army of 4,000,000 men into the Held. Eftlelent ly led, such a force us this would he well nigh Irresistible. Under the cir cumstances It Is no exaggeration to say that the action of the Napoleon of the Balkans in offering his services to Russia may be one of the determining fu tors of the war. WOMAN DISTURBS SERVICE Pastor Interrupted While Offering Words of Prayer. HUNTING TON. L. I.. Aug. 17. Wor shiper! In the First Presbyterian Church here during the second serv ices were disturbed by the strange ac tions of Miss Joan Heller, of Centor port Road. In the middle of the services Miss Beller tore two pages from a hymn book, walked to the pulpit and placed them on a table along with a book, a life of Frederick the Great, and a ring. Tho girl repeated the act a M0OH4 time, and Just as she was returning the third time one of the members of the congregation and tho sexton seized the girl and ushered her to the street. The interruption occurred during tho prayer by the Rev. J. Jeffrey John MAN IS BAPTIZED ON COT Elder Sirups Invalid to Bed and Carrie Hun Into Stream. LURAT, Va., Aug. 17. Elder James A. Rarer, of the German Itaptlst Church, solved the question of how to' baptize cripple who had been bedfast for several years. The mode of the Herman Baptist Church Is Immersion three times fare forward. That the ordinance should be administered in accordance with the teachings of his denomination, was considered essential. Elder Racer strapped Sereno Sours, the candidate or baptism, to his rot and the invalid was borne Into the stream by the min ister, aided by laymen of the church, and the ordinance was performed. CRIME SCHOOL ENDS TERM OWMapaaSatMt InMltule Founder und Professor 0M lo Prison. CHICAGO, Aug. 17. Pupils of the "only and original correspondence school of crime" are to have a three year vacation. Daniel McNeil, founder of the school, and G. F. Pattee. one of Its "professors," were sentenced recent ly to three and two years respectively In Leavenworth Penitentiary. Judge Iandls imposed tho sentence after proof had bren given that the men had counterfoil money in their possession. They had written a test book on crime Between ita pages ware found materials for manufacturing spurious paper money. baa a land area ot ll..i;i,eiK