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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 23, 1914)
&) 111 (0 Section One Pages 1 to 16 72 Pages Six Sections VOI XXXIII NO. 34- ruxv x ijaii xj unuit oj--j. ww.. , - ' 1 - . : 1 i , -. JAPAN AT WAR WITH GERMANY Firing Begins When Ger many Ignores Ultimatum, KIAU-CHAU WELL PREPARED Experiences at Port Arthur Teach Lessons in Both At tack and Defense. SIEGE MAY LAST LONG Fate of Concession Certain if War Lasts Long Enough, and Japan Is Determined. BY JOHN CALLAS O'LACGHLIS. WASHINGTON, Aug. 22. (Special.) Japan has extended the area of war by embarking on hostilities with Germany. At 8 o'clock. Pacific Coat time, the time limit of the ultimatum handed by the Japanese government for the evacuation of Kiau-Chau by the latter expired in Berlin and Tokio. The plans known here to have been arranged were executed promptly at the hour of noon. Sunday. Kiau-Chau Is about 16 hours ahead of Portland in point of time. First Gun Is Fired. The first Japanese gun was fired gainst the German fortress in China and the first boatload of soldiers was sent ashore from the Japanese trans ports. By the time this is read Japan will have begun the investment of Kiau-Chau, preliminary to the final assault. It will not be an easy task to reduce Kiau-Chau. That is realized by the Japanese, who have not forgotten their experience in connection with the cap ture of Port Arthur. The Japanese learned in their war with Russia that a frontal assault in mass merely means a tremendous sac rifice of life without result. Therefore, tbey will pursue the taqtics adopted at a later period of the Port Arthur oper ations, which consisted in sending small parties of men a short distance toward the point of attack for the purpose of building a trench. As soon as this work wa3 done other trenches in ad vance would be dug. Japanese Spurred by Ambition. It is the desire of the Japanese gen eral staff to work rapidly and to give the world a demonstration of the effi ciency of the Japanese army. While the Japanese learned how to attack at Port Arthur the Germans also learned how to defend from the same operations; so, in spite of the fact that there are not more than 6000 defenders of the German fortress and that they will be assaulted by 45.000 of the best troops of Japan, it is expected that months will elapse before Kiau-Chau will be In the possession of the Far Eastern power. All reports received here show that the Gerians have been working with feverish energy to strengthen their de fenses. They have employed thousands of Chinese laborers. Probably they will retain within their lines many of these men. driving them out when they are no longer needed or they are too se riously reducing the food supply. So far as the latter is concerned, huge quantities of provisions have been im ported Into Kiau-Chau. The fate of Kiau-Chau Is certain, provided the war iasts long enough. Now that the war has begun. Japan (Continued on Page 4.) I 1.1 VJNHZSn amsSm L"-t I v " N, nBKmm? 7aK'. s S . Sfi 7 StS. NsT.WV IT-T 'X Sy4-or lrf S: 7V- LAJAFZ OOCS TOO Ay oSfJ ;-y' ' " ' . i . - ryv-ru-rvn A TTrTTCrr 0 U11 ( IBULLETINS INTUKRP. via London, uc. IK great battle between the Germans and the allied forces began Saturday morn i.r. according to official announce nirnt. The battle line extends from IVamur to Carleroi, which lies about 20 miles to the west. PARIS. Aug. 23 (10l25 A. M.) Of ficial announcement was made here to day that the Germans had shot to death the Burgomaster and a group of the inhabitants of the Belgian town of Aerscaot. The execution is declared to hMM hci-n without nrovooation. The men were all shot at once. SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 23. Rear- Admlral Pond, XI. S. N., and John W. Preston. United States Attorney here, are authority for the stntement that the "proper officials" are Investlgalng the source and transmission of code messages known to have been sent by an amateur wireless operator on shore to the German cruiser Leipzig at sea. Further information was refused. LONDON, Aug. 33. A dispatch to the Exchange Telegraph Company from Rome says the Duke of The Abrnzzl has been appointed commander-in-chief of the Italian navy. NISH, Servla, Aug. 33. There has been continuous fighting along the whole frontier for two days without any change In the respective positions of the Austrian and Servlaa armies. It Is officially stated that a part of the Servian army has Invaded Bosnia suc cessfully and that a great battle, with an outcome favorable to the Servians, Is expected. LONDON, Aug 22. A dispatch to the Exchange Telegraph from Rome says that according to messages from Ber lin the German press la indignant at Great Britain's acceptance of Japanese support. The leading papers declare that Germany will retaliate by stirring up an Ixlamltic revolution In India, Egypt. Tunis, Algeria and the Sudan, which will quickly brlug England and France to terms. PARIS, Aug. 32, 12:20 P. M. The son of Major Dreyfuss. who was exonerated n a charar of treason in 1006. has been promoted to the rank of Sergeant for heroic conduct on the field of battle at the taking of Mulhausen. LONDON, Aug. 23 A dispatch to the Exchange Telegraph Company from Os tend says a big battle appears to have been taking place since this morning In the environs of Charlerol. The great er portion of the German troops, ac cording to this authority, have not yet passed the River Dender. The Dender Is to the east of Ghent and Bruges. LONDON, Aug. 32, 9:35 A. M. A Cen tral News dispatch from Antwerp for warded today says It Is reported from Brussels that assurance has been given by the Germans that they will not con tinue to occupy the capital, contenting themselves with having marched through the town. LONDON, Aug. 32. .Large numbers of refugees from Belgium arrived In London tonight, coming from Ostend. They are mostly Belgians, but among them are a few Americans. They say the general opinion In Ostend today was that the Germans were not coming to the coast. TOKIO, Aug. 22 Japanese newspa pers that are sometimes officially In spired, say that Kftau-Chau is to be a prise of war. Japan may not be obliged to restore the German protectorate to China. Restoration, tbey say, would be conditional on the peaceful transfer of Kiau-Chau to Japan by Germany. CHERBOURG. Aug. 22. The French steamer Admiral Melly arrived here today from Dunkirk with 850 German prisoners of war. CONSTANTINOPLE, Aug. 33. via Am terdam and London. The Forte has sent a circular telegram to the foreign diplomatic representative here declar ing that the Dardanelles are now open to all commercial vessels. LONDON, Aug. 22. The Republic of Lllterla, on the west coast of Africa, nrting under the KUldance of the l iilt. il States, has prot-lalraed its neu trality In the present European war. PARIS, Aug. 22. Prince Louis of Monaco, a retired Captain of the Afri can Light Cavalry, having applied for reinstatement In the army, has been appointed to staff duty. s ran a m.- a mm m mj m m m ma & ii x a w i ; k t m - f . r a i Til LIMIT IS UP; NO AH Diplomats at Washing, ton Keep Watch. JAPAN IGNORED BY GERMANY Declaration of War From To kio May Be Expected. ATTACK IS NEXT STEP Japanese Government Believed to Be Resolved to Regain Friend ship of China and Retain That of Americans. WASHINGTON. Aug. 22. The time limit of the Japanese ultimatum to Germany demanding the surrender of Kian-rhau exDlred at 10 o ciock to night without any answer having been made bv the German government through the State Department here. A the hour approached btate .ue- partment and diplomatic officials here were watching for a possioie repo from Germany to be transmitted to Tokio through American channels. So far as known no such message naa fnri'rfil throueh other channels and the opinion was general that Ger mans- hart determined to ignore japans note, leaving the initiative to Japan in whatever was to follow. Ambassador Directed to Leave. uor,n i-hinrta. Ambassador, trans mitted through the State Department today a message to Mr. Fonikosha, the apanese charge d'affalrs at Benin, ,-rtr;rnr him to leave the German aritni at 4 A. M. tomorrow, if by that hour he had received no reply from the German government to th ultima tum. Th charge was instructed to leave the interests of Japan in the hands of the American embassy at lerlin. tIto nTt -jten on the part of the Japanese government, it generally as sumed here, would be an attack on Kiau-Chau. A declaration from Tokio o i9tn nf war asrainst faermany would not be unexpected, for in German ns Jidmcic circles here me belief was that Japan would make the flrst move. At the Japanese emDasby it was reiterated that Japan would carry out to the letter the terms of her ultimatum. United States Prepared. "The United States, in the role of an interested but neutral spectator, "was prepared to transmit any communica tions from the wo governmens. Secre tary Bryan announced that the posi tion of the United States toward the ultimatum had been made clear in a note sent two days ago to the Japa" nese government. This expression of policy places on record the expectation of the United States in any eventuality Japan will restore Kiau-Chau to China, preserve the territorial Integrity of the Chinese Republic and maintain the principle of the "open door" to the commerce of all nations. Discussion turned here today on the future of Kiau-Chau, its early surren der or capture by assault seeming as sured. Japan is expected to redeem Its promise to her ally, England, and to the United States to turn this territory over to China at a reasonably early date after Japan Is convinced that the Government of Yuan Shai Kai Is strong enough to hold it. China's confidence Desired. The question has been raised in Tokio whether Japan would not be re lieved from the execution of this pledge if through Germany's refusal to meet the terms of the ultimatum Japan is (Concluded on Page 4.) TOTfflE TOPICS ACrAUiT MONOPOLIZE THE ATTEWTIOE OF OAETOOJOST REYNOLDS.. I I RfflS The Weather. VY'S Maximum temperature. minimum, 05 degrees. . .j Fair; northerly winds. War. Japan in state of war with Germany. Section 1. page 1. Germany makes no reply .to Japanese ultimatum. Section 1, page 1. Germans reported marching on France by way of Oudevarde. Section 1, page 1. France declares she will "drive every German off BelKlan soil." Section 1, page & English have scant notice to get out of Ostend. Section 1. page 2. British Columbia considers confiscation of German-owned lands to crown. Section 1, Daice 5. Germany's grain trade curtails exports of wheat 100.000,000 bushels. Section 1. page 2. British expert says Japan nurses, old grudge against Germany. Section 1, page 4. London committee estimates there are 40,- 0O0 Americans on continent wno w.ui ij come home. Section 1, page 5. , Allies' bravery shown in conflict. Section 1. Page 1. Russians report defeat of German cavalry and general advance. Section 1, page 4. Pope. Impressive final rites are said over body of Pope Plus. Section 1, page 7. Domestic. Republicans hopeful of electing Senator in Ohio. Section 1, page 7. sports. Pacific Coast results: Portland 13. Oakland 4; Venice 4, San Francisco 0; Sacramento 3-2, Los Angeles 2-4. Section 2, page 1. National tennis play opens tomorrow at Newport. Section 2, page 2. Plans for Labor day regatta being kept secret. Section 2, page 4. Coast League to be eight-club organization after 1015. Section 2, page 1. Crowd smallest on last day of harness races at Speedway. Section 2. page 2. War affscts Olympic games. Section 2, pase 1. Hayward thinks Oregon track team will be winner next season. Section 2, Christy Mathewson says size counts much ill Mcuraw s eyes. oetiiuii ii.bo o. War to prevent athletes from abroad com peting at Baltimore meet. Section 2. page 2. Loss of tennis cup prompts criticism of McLoughlln for choosing weak partner. Section 2, page 2. Pacific Northwest. R. A. Booth, candidate for United States Senator, receives enthusiastic greeting in Southern Oregon. Section 1, page 9. Washington plans big cut in state levies. Section 1, page 9. Salmon fisheries have best season since 1011. Section 1. page 8. Federal scientist seeks way to control red clover pest. Section 1, page 8. M Joe Knowles' camp visited. Section 1, page 7. Automobiles and Roads. Walter GIffard argues for truck versus horse on expansion of trade basis. Sec tion 4. page 3. Auto trlD to Crater Lake described. Sec tion 1. page R H. L. Keats returns home after attending convention of Chalmers' salesmen in the East. Section 4, page 3. New model Overland more graceful than any previous designs. Section 4, page 5. Real Estate and Building. Total improvements projected and under way on East Side is $1,000,000. Section 4. page 6. Members of Builders' Exchange busy. Sec tion 1. page 6. Many East Side houses and lots sold. Sec tion 4, page 7. Country realty shows activity. Section 1, pace 0. Commercial and Marine. Wheat In Northwest again sells at dollar mark. Section 2. page 13. Sharp war flurry sends up wheat at Chi cago. Section 2, page 13. Financial situation continues to show im provement. Section 2, page 13. British and Japanese cruisers may attack Llepzlg. Section 2. page 13. Portland and Vicinity. Greatest Rose Festival Is planned by new directors. Section 1. page 12. Sand dealers accused of operating trust. Section 1. page 12. Labor day programme at Oaks arranged. Section I; page 11. Taxes may be, reduced by five mills this year. Section 1. page 10. Union men blame Employers' Association for industrial unrest In Portland. Section 1. page 12. Educational industrial exhibits to be feature of Manufacturers' and Land Products Show. Section 1, page 11. Ewbank gas-electric train to be tested. Sec tion 1. page 12. Accommodations for Multnomah County Fair Rrjail- increased. Section 1. page 10. Fine lawns seen by Judges In amateur floral contest. Section 1, page 10. WORK CAPTIVES, IS PLEA Canadian Suggests That German Prisoners Develop Land. NELSON, B. C. Aug. 22. Lord Ayl mer, ex-Inspector-General of the Ca nadian forces, suggested that the Ger mans taken prisoners by the British Army during the war, should be sent c Canada and given tracts of land in sections where large areas await de velopment and be encouraged to set tle as peaceful citizens of the country. BRAVERY OF ALLIES SHOWN IN CONFLICT Reasons for Strife Now Known as Varied ENGLAND'S SPIRIT SOLEMN James 0'Donnell Bennett Says France Is Alert. BELGIAN SPIRIT STOLID Englishman's Uppermost Thought as to War Is "Righteous"; Frenchman's "It Is Necessary" ; Belgium's "for Liberty." BY JAMES O'DONNELL BENNETT. (By arrangement with Chicago Tribune. Copyrighted 1914.) BRUSSELS, Aug. 15, via London, Aug. 17. In the last 25 hours I have passed through three countries which are in a state of war and I have observed only those manifestations which make for the solidarity of a people and which command the profound admiration of non-combatants from foreign PartB. I have come in war time across the whole of the northern tip of ! ranee from Boulogne via Calais to Lillie and on across the frontier to Brussels and not once have I met with an uncivil word or look. Only kldness, courtesy and helpfulness everywhere No Hysteria In Frnnoe. Not so much with light hearts as with brave hearts are the French going into this war. There is no hy.terla The spirit of the country may be .more accurately described by the word zeal than by the word enthusiasm. For 200 miles and from one afternoon to the next on boats and on trains and in hotels, in railway stations and in the streets. I have kept my eyes and ears open and I have discerned the best spirit everywhere. In England that spirit is solemn. In France it is alert, executive and untir ing. In Belgium it is stolid and unques tioning. ,or The three peoples are each in their own way. The English es'1. 1 thought as to the war mans upiicimv.. ... is "righteous," the Frenchman s is t is necessary," and me r.e.5.-.. ls for Belgium and us These are no fancy phrases. I have heard them 100 times. What American Must IJo. African crossing the chan nel in war time Is a ceremony. It be gins with obtaining a passpo.t a ... . ..(noil Ambassador in London. That passport must be vised by French and Belgian consuls ana must -photograph of the bearer affixed. Funds must be in English gold and ex traordinarily ample because travelers on the continent now cannot be sure when they will return. ah ih. rcnerlish erold you can per suade your London banker to let you have in exchange for OanK notes must k ,.,rri in a belt around the waist. Here is where embonpoint is a blessing instead of a curse. When I went in the evening before leaving London to the Belgian con sulate in Finsbury square to have my passport certified artillery was parked on the asphalt outside the palings of the square, and inside the green in closure horses, commandeered from mercantile houses, were cropping the grass, with golden sunshine over all and the sentries gravely pacing to and fro. There was a torrent of traffic surging by in the streets adjacent to the square as usual. Indeed, "Business rs usual" has become a war motto of London. My ticket, bought the net day at (Continued on Page 3.) Saturday's War Moves THE German forces in Belgium were reported yesterday to be marching in force over the country toward the sea coast. One correspondent said the movement was overwhelming in point of numbers. Cavalry patrols were said to have entered Ghent, finding no re sistance. Bruges was reported taken There was doubt about the fate of Os- tend. Refugees arriving in England yesterday eaid that when they left Os- tend the German forces were near and they did not doubt they had reached the city by the time the travelers them selves reached England. Meanwhile it was reported that a great battle along a front of 20 miles from Namur to Charleroi had begun. A dispatch from Ghent credits the Ger mans with seeking to reach France by way of Oudevarde, which is 14 miles southwest of Ghent Itself. It Is be lieved the Germans will not seriously attempt to capture Antwerp. A Belgian soldier at the front is quoted as saying the French had a large force in Central Belgium early in the week. This" was before the re port of the sweeping successes of the Germans on that part of the field of war. The time limit fixed in the ultimatum of the Japanese government to Ger many expired at 7:41 P. M., Portland time, which is Sunday noon in Tokio. without a reply from Germany. That Berlin would ignore Tokio had been expected by many, and it was taken as a matter of course that Japan would act at once. The Tenth Division of the Japanese army, consisting of 16,000 men, had gone on board transports at Kokura last Friday, according to an official report from Shanghai. A Jap anese battleship fleet, including the super-dreadnought Kongom, sailed to bombard Tslng-Tau, the seaport of Kiau-Chau, and cover the land of the first Japanese forces of occupation. At the same time the strength of Kiau Chau was not underestimated. It was said, on trustworthy authority, that both the Japanese and Chinese had profited by the lesson of Port Arthur and that both attack and defenso would differ from that of the historic siege of the Russian-Japanese war. Japan, however, will employ only her regular army and thus far Is known to have made no move to mobilize the reserves. Further assurances were reported on Japan's purt that her motives toward the United States and China were friendly and that its announced policy of returning the territory to China after the war would be carried out. The American Consul at Tslng-Tau, the port of the German concession, has decided to remain at his post during the siege, Washington having given him the option of going or remaining. Several Americans of German descent also remain, among them two or three I women, who will nurse the wounded A German official statement says that troops under the command of the Crown Prince of Bavaria, fighting be tween Metz and Vosges, took 10,000 prisoners and fifty guns. It adds that the French troops opposing the Ger muns comprised eight army corpa. A Paris statement declares this is absurd but admits reverses in Lorraine. Reports from the Austrian-Servian boundary say that the Servians have won a battle on the Drlna, which mili tary experts consider highly probable, as the Servians have a comparatively small army but one which has passed through two years' actual war and therefore has the advantage of vet erans fighting against amateurs. From the Russian boundary conflicting re ports come, both sides claiming suc cesses. PRAYER OF NELSON READ Every British Sailor Hears Words Written Before Battle. LONDON, Aug. 22. (Special.) Lord Nelson's words written in his diary be fore the battle of Trafalgar were to day read to the men assembled on every battleship. They are: "My Great God whom I worship, grant to my country and for the ben efit of Europe in general a great and glorious victory; and may no miscon duct in anyone tarnish it and may humanity after victory be the predomi nant feature in the British fleet." y. . a eur PRICE FIVE CENTSl BATTLE OF GIANTS BEGUN IN BELGIUM Forces Engage on Na-mur-Charleroi Line. GROUND IS CHOSEN BY ALLIES Germans Previously Reported in Overwhelming Force. ENEMY'S ADVANCE RAPID Front of German Fighting 1lno lc llcred by Some to Re Executing Great Circling .Movement to Break Into Franco. LONDON. Aug. 23. (Sunday. ) After nearly three weeks of mobilization the battle of giants has begun. Roughly speaking, the Germans are trying to work around the allies' flank in Bel gium, while the French are attempting to apply the same process to the Ger mans in Alsace. From the standpoint of the allies the important feature In Saturday's de velopments Is the great battle which began in the morning on the Namur Charlerot line. This It being fought on the position chosen by the allies. Antnerp Confirms News. An official dispatch to the Beuter Company from Antwerp timed 10:0 o'clock Saturday night tends to confirm the reports that a great bnttle is on between the French and the Germans. The dispatch says: "It is believed that this morning great battle began between the French and Herman nrmies between Nsmur and Charleroi. It Is thought that It will last two or three days. Precise details are larking." A dispatch to the Reuter Companv from Ghent says it is reported thst the Germans are marchliiR t...it.i France by the way of Oudenarde, s town I miles southwest of Ghent. Antwerp llrllrted Immune. The correspondent continues: "The Belgian army, which up to thres days ago held the line, roughly speak ing, from Aerschot to Tlrlemont snd Wavrc, has fnllen back on the llns be tween Antwerp and ilalllnes. It Ii not likely the Germans will trouble them selves about Antwerp, which could re sist indefinitely. "The peasants and town folk from the Lolvain country have been flealng Into Brussels, with their children and valuables, to find shelter where tbe could. These people constitute a bur den udded to the many which the town has to bear. "Moet of the fugitives were rather more Interested than stricken by the calamity which hovered over them and appeared to feel no need of sympathy. Occasionally there would be one with the tale of a husband or children killed r driven away and lost. Peasants Speak Only Flemish. "Unfortunately the peasants from ths war scourged districts speak only Flemish and some of their stories may have gained in the translation Into French. The news that the Germans wart, at the gates of the city took a great majority of the people of Brus sels by surprise. Thero has been a great exodous of well-to-do residents the two previous days, but that only proved that there was a scars, not that it was well founded. The censor ship allowed nothing positive to ba published until the morning of the ar rival of the Germans (Thursday). "Up to Wednesday the people were allowed to hear nothing but Belgian successes. "We were In the dark as to ths Oer- (Concluded on rags X) III 0 mmflmW (EV TH CtJEKWY WAS ACH0