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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (July 5, 1914)
1914. ft TIIE SUNDAY OREG'ONIAX, PORTLAND, JULY trotaw PORTLAND, OBEOOX. Entered at Portland. Oregon, postofflce as Second-class matter. Subscription Rate Invariably in Advance. I BV MAIL.) Ially. Sunday Included, one year ?V? iJaily, Sunday included, aix months iJaily. Sunda included, three months JDaily. Sunday included, one month . Xal!, without Sunday. one year .... Ial.'y. without Sunday, aix months . .Daily, without Sunday, three months. Ialiy. without Sunuay. one month .. "Weekly, one year ...........-- Sunday, one year ...... Suuday and Weekly, one year .75 0.00 1.70 .(Ml 1.50 2 Mi 3.50 (BY CARRIER) Dal!y. Sunday Included, one year v9!' Xnily, Sunday Included, one month How to Hemit Send Postofflce money or der, express oruer or personal eheck on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are. at sender's risk. tilv postofflce address in tuii, indiiHintf ,-niintv m ml state Postage Kate. 12 to Id pages, 1 cent; 18 to It:; pages. 2 cents; a. to 4b pages, 3 cents r.ll ti. htl n.-itrra 4 cents: d to 711 Pages, i cents; 78 to pages, tf centa. Foreign post- double rates. . Eastern Buaineas Offices Verree & Conk lin, .New Votk, Hrunswlck building. Chi Sun Irunrisoa Office R. J. Bldwell Co., 741 Market street. I'ORTLANI), oCSOAY, JULY , 1U. A. . BEHARKABLE Sl'RVEY. In extent of research disclosed, new Information supplied and conclusions Implied, the lengthy article by Col onel I. X. Day, chairman of the legis lative research committee on water power and reclamation, published elsewhere in The Oregonian today, is a remarkable survey of a problem vital to Oregon's development. Colonel Day presents Irrefutable facts which sustain the general im pression long held that the Carey act is practically a failure in results. Not 4 per cent of the lands applied for by Oregon under the provisions of the act have been actually settled on and cultivated. - - Reclamation under the Government has not made a much better. showing In Oregon. There has been paid Into the reclamation fund from the sales of public lands in Oregon more than $10,000,000 and Oregon has received back in expenditures on reclamation work within the state but little more than 43,000,000. Aggregate cash re ceipta from all sources to the Federal reclamation fund are rapidly dimln lshing. It has cost the department $77,000,000 to put in shape for irri- gation 1,200,000 of the more favor able projects. There remain to be reclaimed the less favored projects, and in Oregon alone there is a vast acreage that might come under Gov ernment activity had the department the funds to spend. Where is the money to come from? Reclamation by means of stored or diverted water carried through ditches has apparently neared its maximum application in the projects now com pleted or under way. But there re mains another resource with which Oregon is superbly equipped. Thir teen per cent of ,all the potential water power in the United States is located in Oregon. There is far more than can be used In industry, trans portation or household. Much of the undeveloped water power is situate near semi-arid lands. Irrigation by use of electric pumps is both feasible and economical wherever power can be generated close at hand by water and water to Irrigate had near or on the land. In connection therewith It is a sur prising bit of information that in Cali fornia half as much land as the United States Reclamation Depart ment with its $100.000.T00 In expen ditures has succeeded in reclaiming is there watered, without fuss or dissen sion or political discussion, by the use of electric-driven pumps. Yet Oregon, with this wonderful, undeveloped asset and a crying need for its application, encounters a stu pendous obstacle in so-called conser vation. Every mountain stream that is not within a National Forest . is dotted from source to mouth with re served Government power projects, while, all the iwater powers in the 15, 680,000 acres of Government forests are withheld to the Government. The map showing these reservations which is published with the article supplies, we believe, information never before given to the people of. Oregon. In the light of Oregon's great ex tent of irrigable lands and the lack of hope for direct application of water, this map discloses the vital interest of the state in water power legislation pending in Congress. Oregon's great asset has been bottled in event op pressive restrictions are put upon pri vate development. The Oregonian therefore commends Colonel Day's ar ticle to the close study of every indi vidual who has the progress and pros perity of Oregon at heart. An awaken ing to our needs-and to the possibility of denial of relief is overdue. TAINTED DOLLAR DIPLOMACY. While the principal features of the treaty with Nicaragua are eminently good, certain of the Administration's dealings with Nicaragua need investi gation and explanation. - Senator Smith, of Michigan, charges that fraudulent bonds known as the Ethel burza bonds to the amount of $6, 250,000 were issued by Kx-Presldent Zelaya without valid consideration and repudiated by his successor, but have been engrafted on the republic as a bona fide debt against the wishes of the people. He says these bonds have been "secured in large part by Ernest H. Wands, who had been designated by the Department of State of the United States as financial agent of the Republic of Nicaragua" in the in terest of Brown Bros.' and Sellgman's banks and have been purchased by these bankers and their allies at 25 cents on the dollar. He declares that the bonds were "through the assistance of the State Department brought within the scope of an American guaranty" and that the last presidential election in Nica ragua was influenced by the presence of United States marines and war ships to prevent their invalidation. He also alleges that the National Rail road of Nicaragua has been sold "much below its actual value" to Brown Bros, and Seligman, "with the approval and acquiescence" of the State Department in violation of the Nicaraguan constitution and that the bankers mentioned, through their control of the Nicaraguan custom houses, are enabled to compel re demption of the fraudulent bonds at an enormous profit to themselves. Mr. Smith has asked for an investi gation by the foreign relations com mittee, which should get at the truth. Our proposed protectorate of Nica ragua should not be made a cloak for foisting upon the Nicaraguan people a debt contracted by the tyrant Zelaya and which probably could not have been collected except under our prb tection of by coercion. Mr. Bryan's one adventure in dollar diplomacy should be kept free from any such stain. The bankers concerned wrote to Senator O'Gorman denying all of Mr. Smith's charges and their letter was read to the Senate, but' Mr. Smith said he had made his charges after thorough Investigation and reiterated them. He again called for investiga tion by the Senate committee. I ' ' : ' : BAITING AS OPPONENT; THAT'S ALU ' It was a straightforward, .and it was a courteous though emphatic, re ply which Dr. Withycombe sent to Mr. tTRen in response to Mr. tTRen's inquiry as to the Republican candi date's views on prohibition. But Mr. ITRen in another letter published to day falls into a sneering tone, insult ingly questions the sincerity of Dr. Withycombe's assertion that he will enforce prohibition if it shall become law and he become Governor and generally attempts to bait his opponent Into a prolonged and utterly useless discussion. Moreover it, develops from Mr. TTRen's latest contributions that when he originally invited Dr. Withycombe to join him and Dr. Smith and Mr. Gill in advocating prohibition he had no knowledge that Dr. Smith had such intention. The sole basis for his im plication as to Dr. Smith's position was an "impression" that the "beller was "justified" and he gained this Impression from something Dr. Smith had said on an occasion the .-date of which he cannot recall. The Oregonian publishes the latest installment of the U Ren correspon dence with considerable reluctance. It does not believe that a large propor tlon of the advocates of prohibition care what are the individual views on 'prohibition of the several candidates for Governor, so long as they nave confidence that the law will be en, forced if adopted. Moreover, The Oregonian does not believe, and it does not believe very many others believe, that Mr, tTRen is inspired by the prohibition cause Itself to write the open letters In ques tion. He is attemptlng to use an is. sue that only the members of the Prohibition party recognize as a po litical issue to further " his personal political ambitions. The man who, devoutly committed to the principle of single tax. offers to suppress that unpopular Issue if the people will but elect him Governor, may naturally be exDected to embrace and pretend to foster any other issue which he thinks might land him in the gubernatorial chair. SENDING PROSPERITY ABROAD. Imports to the United States con tinue to increase, while exports con tinue to decrease. Total imports in May. 1914. were $29,913,673 more than in May, 1913, while domestic exports were $33,649,228 less. The increased imports are chiefly of man ufactured goods, giving more employ ment to skilled foreign labor and tak ing it awav from skilled American labor. The Increase in percentage of certain articles, chiefly manufactures, during April, 1914, as compared with April, 1913, was as follows: Manufactures of aluminum, is; Darts of automobiles, 279; watches and parts, 2S; clocks and parts, 17; cotton cloth, 45: lace and lace arti cles, 104; stockings, 47; all other knit goods, 716; linen yarns, 57; fruits and nuts, 22; glass and glassware, l; cutlery, 92; leather and tanned skins. 114: leather gloves, Zi; lino leum, -59; paper and manufactures of paper, 25; perfumery and toilet, arti cles, 6; seeds.. 103; silks and manu factures of. 401; vegetables, 71; wool, class 1, 296. class 2, 106, class 3, 83; woolen cloths, 398; dress goods, 42: wearing apparel, 37; all other imports of wool, 28S. ' - - The process of transferring the American market to foreigners goes merrily on, while American factories run on half time and American labor is Idle or receiving half wages. If the manufacturers of Europe are not prosperous, it is not the fault of the Democratic party. The Administra tion has shown a deep concern for the welfare of almost every nation ex cept the American Nation, which it was elected to serve. Breadth of sym pathy is a fine quality, but the Amer ican people wouia preier to nave more of the Wilson sympathy dis played at home. - WRONGS OF IMMIGRANTS. Besides being the greatest labor market in the country. New xorK State becomes the home, for a time at least, of a larger proportion of im migrants than any other state. in. the last decade nearly 840,000 new immigrants have settled in that state. nearly 30 per cent of the population being foreign-born whites. A horde of harpies or every ae- scrlption is shown -by the State Labor Commissioner's report to prey upon the Immigrants, and a large part of his department's work is to protect them and to obtain redress of their wrongs. ' It has a bureau which can do business in seventeen languages and which must cope with the many forms of Imposition to which "green" immigrants are subject. From the moment of landing the immigrant is trailed by human parasites. They overcharge him for carrying his bag gage; they withhold his baggage in order to enforce payment of extor tionate lodging-house bills. They take fees to find him employment from which he is discharged within a week, often with a balance of wages unpaid, in the guise of bankers they obtain deposits of money for safe keeping or for transmission abroad; the money is never repaid or sent to the poor relatives in Europe. They sell them worthless. Ial estate or an interest in a fictitious business. Law yers and notaries obtain power of at torney to collect European inheri tances, pocket the money and deny that it has been received. : Ticket agents sell tickets on install ments and fall to deliver them. They sell-, orders .for : tickets, agreeing to transmit 'ttiem' to relatives of the buyer abroad, but do not send them and the buyer waits in vain for his family's arrival. "" Returning immi grants are required to have their tickets stamped at the dock or sailing day and wait in a long, stationary line while favored runners enter the of fice and have tickets stamped in batches, having extorted 50 cents or $1 apiece from the owners. Those who wait are often crowded out and must either have their fare refunded, sail on another steamer or await the next one of the same line. In the lat ter case the steamship company agrees to pay the board bill, but the boarding-house keeper often by with holding baggage extorts double paj ment from the immigrant, who pays in fear of again missing his steamer. Immigrant agents of railroads, who are employed to direct the immi grants and protect them from impo sition, have been found to be in league with certain hotels. One rail road had at a transfer point a room for immigrants, which was totally ; unfit for human beings, for it was unpainted, filthy and without drink ing water. - . These evils and the elaborate ma chinery by means of which New York copes with them are a subject of in terest to Portland, for before many months have -passed immigrants will begin pouring into this city and means must be provided for their care and protection. The wrongs to which immigrants .are subjected are a hindrance to their becoming settled, prosperous citizens, give them a bad first impression of the American peo ple, encourage them to Imitate those who have defrauded them and make them an easy prey to lawless agita tors and propagandists of. revolution. A BITTER TRAGEDY. What a tragic moment it must be when parents look upon a tiny slip of humanity they have Just brought into the world and . one or the other sees In its pitifully blemished form the grim evidences of past delinquencies. No more racking situation can . be Imagined, particularly when the blame the accusing finger of conscience or the words of the attending physician. The world can know no deeper tragedy. Such a case has just had a fear ful sequel in Chicago. The innocent mother of a babe that came into the world sightless overheard a discus sion between father and physician which fixed the blame exactly where it belonged. Her love for the unhappy author of the sad affliction turned to bitter hate. Brooding on the sad fate of their little blind child she later shot her husband. This act; of course, was not Justified. But plainly it was the act of a hysterical and over wrought woman. And in that this frenzied vengeance was inspired by his own moral blemishes he is, after all, the victim of his own misdeeds. The way of the transgressor is hard. A CHEAP AUTOMOBILE. There is something more than mere talk in the story that Thomas A. Edi son and Henry Ford are to put their wits together to b,uild a cheap elec tric automobile. The two distin guished men have formed a partner ship for that purpose and we may confidently expect to see remarkable consequences from it before long. Mr. Edison is the most Ingenious practical electrician in the world. Mr. Ford has done more than any other person to mako the automobile an everyday ' vehicle for the common man. In their partnership Edison will of course- contribute the electri cal contrivances, in particular the storage battery which is essential to the machine they are planning. For many years there have been predic tions more or less enticing of a cheap and efficient storage battery. Mr. Edison himself promised this boon to the world for a long time before he actually produced it. He tells us now. however, that he has surmounted all the difficulties in the way and has actually invented a storage battery that is not too costly and will furnish power enough to run an automobile for practical purposes. The cheap; electric automobile wnicn this partnership seeks to build will be more useful in the city than in the ennntrv for some years to come. It is Indispensable that a power station be accessible to charge the batteries and this is. out of the question for the nresent in most rural districts. But in the course of time there will un doubtedly be a generating plant in almost every Oregon community. To bring this about it is only necessary fhat water nower now running to waste should be harnessed and util ized. We cannot expect an Improve ment of such magnitude to be effected all at once, but the invention of an electric automobile selling at $590 would no doubt hasten the develop ment of the water-power , of the country Just as the Ordinary machine has helped along, the cause of good roads. It is a little discouraging to reflect that these inexhaustible sources of energy are not so much utilized now as they were fifty years ago. In those days, before the Inven tion of patent milling machinery and the evolution Of the large corporation, pretty nearly every rural neighbor hood had a flour mill. Some of the most primitive depended for power upon the old-fashioned "overshot" water wheel. Others, owned by more progressive millers, possessed tur bines, which would do a great deal more work under a less head of water. But the economic progress of the- country has obliterated these neighborhood mills and replaced them with great urban establishments, while the water-powers which they made so profitable have fallen into complete neglect in far too many instances. English poetry is . full of allusions to rural mills, but it is a question whether the younger generation can understand them. What meaning has "the old millwheel" to a boy who never saw one turning under the im petus of falling water? A whole world of romance and proverbial lore has perished with the rural mill. What boy of today can "see through ... . ,,n rl V -mill a millstone imi touuui mo trrind with the water that is past' 7 What image have our modern chil dren in mind, poor things, when tney sing of the miller who had "one hand in the hopper and tne otner in me bag" and who, as the wheel turned round, never, forgot to cry out grab? The community mill once occupied a great place in both literature and life. The miller had a well-defined char acter of his own, as had the shoe maker and the blacksmith. He was hale and bold," independent and re sourceful. "He cared for nobody, no. not he." Chaucer brings the miller well to the front in the Canterbury Tales. He still retained his renown in Tennyson's day. But now his glory has departed. The obligation of the nonuntR to erlnd their flour at the lord's mill was one of the causes of the French revolution. Today neither the 'lord nor the, peasant has a mill. They must both go to the trust for their grinding. The decay or tne rural mill has been one of the most notable losses which modern industrial prog ress has brought upon the country. Naturallv the water powers wnicn have fallen into neglect, or which never were improved, will regain their 'prestige when a new use is found for them. . The overshot wheel and the turbine will reappear as the demand of farmers for electricity be comes insistent and the electrical E-enerating plant may assume some such position in the poetry and ro mance of the future as the flour mill had for Chaucer and Tennj'son. The course of invention which has broken down so many fundamental institu tions of rural life may, as it proceeds to its logical goal, restore them again. The first effect of the railroad upon country roads was -to ruin them. Everybody and everything was to go by rail and the wagon road would soon disappear. Under the same psychological delusion the waterways of the country were despised and neg lected. Now we perceive that the railroads lose half their utility with out scientific wagon roads to feed them, while the waterways have be come indispensable in our system of internal transportation. So the wheel goes round and time brings in his revenges. . Good patriots look with compla cency upon everything that spreads the use of the automobile in rural sections because it means not only road improvement, but countless other desirable Qhanges. The curse of rural life has always been its immobility with the consequent stagnation and dullness. Even in little Attica, which was not so large as an Oregon coun ty, Aristophanes made the country manthe butt of his Jokes for their Immovable stupidity. It was more of a journey in those days to go ten miles across the country to Athens than it is for a modern Greek" to make a trip to the United States. The automobile is doing more than all other agencies com bined to make : rural life as fluid as that of the cities and with vital currents flowing among the people in every direction we shall have more thought, more enjoyment, more prog ress. Edison and Ford are doing their part, and it is a great one; to make the "isolated country home" a nightmare of the past. UNPATRIOTIC EMPLOYERS. Complaint of company comman ders of the National Guard that many of their men cannot attend field maneuvers because employers will not allow them the necessary time from their work would not be heard had all employers a patriotic appre ciation of the value of this service. Members of the National Guard serve without pay and give freely of their spare time for the purpose of per fecting themselves as far as possible in military science. The value of this service would become strikingly ap- narent in4he event of a war, for which the country is so poorly pre pared. With a regular Army that is little more than a police force in size and functions, the country must nec essarily fall back upon citizen soldiers in time of war; and despite the activ ities of peace propagandists wars con tinue to occur from time to time. Hence the necessity of properly Instructing' the 110,000 National Guardsmen of the- country is appar ent. Nor can military instruction in all Its details be imparted at the weekly drills which Guardsmen free ly attend the year around; nor on Sundays which Guardsmen give up to target practice. The annual field instruction camp provides the practi cal application of what has been learned during the year. It brings the men under field service condi tions, where they learn, . under their own officers and officers detailed by the War Department from the United States Army, those things which it will be essential for them to know if they are ever called out for war. The employer surely cannot afford to be less patriotic and public-spirited man the employe in this matter. COLORADO FINDS NO REMEDY. Federal troops are still guarding the Colorado coal mines and Colorado seems to have done nothing to rem edy the condition which made their presence necessary. The Legislature has provided for payment of the mi litia, but that is no remedyv so long as the militia remains as it was wnen "the Ludlow outrage was perpetrated. The militia are regarded by the min ers as in the employ of one party to the controversy, and Justly so, as long as it Includes many men who were fnrmerlv eruards in the pay of the mining companies. The militia appear, from state ments made by speakers at a meet ing in' Washington by wives of min ers, to have acted on the assumption that their duty was to fight, the battles of the coal companies against the strikers, not to keep the peace. Mrs. Thomas, a miner's wife, stated that the mine guards "gunmen," she called them tried to provoke the strikers to fight in order that the op erators might have an excuse for call ing for mllit'ia and thus transferring the expense of the strike to the statf. Ex-Senator Patterson says, in a statement published in the Rocky Mountain Sentinel, that after spend ing a night in vain efforts to induce the operators to confer with the union leaders, who offered to waive recog nition of the union. Governor Am nions ordered out the militia. He Instructed General Chase to afford the fullest protection to all miners then at work and to any of the strik ers who wished to return to work, but so long as the operators refused to confer with the union officers, not to permit a strikebreaker to man the mines. So long as this policy was pursued there was no trouble, but when the Governor permitted the use of troops to install strikebreakers. serious trouble commenced. Mr. Pat terson condemns the Governor lor permitting General Chase "to flout the writ of habeas corpus, to hold such as he chose to arrest incommuni cado for weeks and months, ultimate ly to turn them loose without a single charge being preferred against them, to disregard the commonest rights of citizenship in the. matter of personal liberty, ignoring local courts as suited his purpose." The testimony of Mrs. Thomas con firms the opinion of Mr. Patterson as to the cause of the first disorder. When the militia first arrived the strikers were friendly with them, in vited them to their homes, danced with them and gave tnem suppers. After the - militia were employed to take in strikebreakers, the strikers broke off friendly relations and the militia then "did everything that was mean.'? They searched and robbed the tents, said Mrs. Thomas, the peo ple were "pushed about like dogs, knocked around just as if they were beasts," and machine guns and men with fixed bayonets were placed around the tent colony. It is hard to believe such . state ments about National Guardsmen, but Mr. Patterson furnishes the explana tion. Referring to predictions that if the Federal troops should be "with drawn and the militia returned to the strike district, civil war would break out, he says: Frankly I don't believe it. To be sure. If the militia should De returned, officered in whole as it was, with former mine cuards and members of private detective companies defiling Its ranks, with Its com mander turned loose to use force without recard to law and in utter - disregard of the most cherished rights of citizenship, serious trouble would most likely follow and the worot predictions might be verified. But I firmly believe Uat those interested In the welfare of the guards, as well as in their restoration to an efficient nd de pendable body of the state's defenders, will see to It that all Improper persons are re tired from its ranks. If certain officers who have lost public confidence and all for-1 mer mine guards and employes of private detective agencies shall be excluded from the militia, and if the Governor will but instruct the commander that efficiency must be retained and that all civil writs must be respected, and that those who ar ar rested shall have the right to consult with counsel and be turned over to the civil au thorities, with the cause of their arrest. I believe that the state troops would be as ...... . . . . 1 will. eincieni as me regular soiaiers aim miv obeyed .. thev have been in the past, Here we see revealed the provoking causes of the violence. First, refusal of the operators even to talk to the union leaders; then, use of militia to take in strikebreakers; then disguis ing of gunmen as militiamen by dress ing them in state uniforms; then deeds of brutality and robbery, cul minating in the Ludlow massacre. ,The operators insisted on the rights of property to the very letter, but showed no regard for the rights of persons to life and liberty. Of course, the operators had a right to employ any miners they pleased and "were entitled to the state's pro tection, but when they showed so un yielding a front and such utter disre gard for the larger interest of the public as to render necessary the ex treme measure of calling out the mi litia, the Governor could properly in the public interest, limit the uses to which the troops should be put, The operators had no right to cause their gunmen to be incorporated into the militia and to use the state's uni form as a shield while they harried the strikers. When corporations which derive their privileges from the state thus involve the state in anarchy, the state for its own protec tion must limit their rights and, as a sufferer by the controversy, must take a hand in forcing a settlement. Mr. Patterson recommends com pulsory arbitration as a remedy. De cisions, thus formed might be impos sible to enforce. Prohibition of strikes pending inquiry by a conciliation board, followed by full publicity in case its decisions are rejected, would probably cause less friction. Few men in corporations would dare face public displeasure by insisting on a conflict after an impartial body had given its verdict. Men so obstinate as the Colorado coal operators might, but further means might be found for bringing them to reason. SCIENTIFIC SPANKING. The enterprising Mothers' Club, of Haverford, Pennsylvania, has under taken the momentous task fit reducing spanking to a scientific system. Too long has this fundamentally necessary act been performed irregularly and In adequately. It has been a hit or miss process, so to speak. Following the initiative of the Haver&ord mothers it will soon be reduced to a strictly quantitative basis, so much naught! ness on the part of an urchin so many blows from his fond and indulgent parent. To aid in their noble work the Haverford mothers investigated the subject of spanking as it existed in thirty-four families. Twenty-eight of them practiced it in some form but with little regard to fixed rules. One mother gave her offspring a hundred blows for an offense which passed off next door with only two or three. Injustice of this sort ought not to be allowed to continue. The first principle of the law is that punish ments should be the same to all of fenders for the same crime and the Haverford Mothers' Club believes that spanking should conform in this re spect to ancient and established pre cept. We agree with them. If a mother is to spank at all let her do so by rule and measure. It is bad for Johnpy to whale him today for an offense which was smiled at yesterday. It disturbs the serenity of his soul to know that he will be thrashed to the limit of his endurance for going in swimming while Tommy Smith does it every afternoon with impunity. Such inequities arouse an uneasy class con sciousness which may later in life lead Johnny to question the very founda tions of the social order. But is there any real necessity for spanking? This seems to us to be the basic inquiry which the Haverford mothers ought to have taken up. Rousseau makes some Instructive ob servations on the subject of his con fessions which it would do the ordi nary 'parent a world of good to read The great General hints pretty clearly that blows delivered by hand upon tne area" usually selected do not invariably produce an uplift of the soul. We commend his remarks to the Haver ford mothers. THE GREEK AND LATIN FETICH. The trior nf Professor A. P. McKin- lay's argument for Latin nd Greek studies is that they improve a writer's English style. The mental training which such studies impart enables a person to think clearly and logically, while the excellent models furnished by the classical authors teach liim to express nimseir mciaiy ana uueu times even elegantly. Professor Mc Klnlay, whose letter is printed on another page, finds much to deplore In the style of some of our American writers, particularly our historians. He quotes with approval the judg ment of a fellow-professor who finds it "without form and void." Their paragraphs, for example, contain little evidence of topic sentences and show but slight "regard for co herence and emphasis. In these particulars French and British his torians are vastly superior to our own, according to ' Professor McKinlay's Views, and he very naturally ascribes their better style to the "aurereni stress put on classical studies m their countries. It is well known that both In France and England an "edu cation" which omits much Latin and some Greek is deemed little better than humbug. We may suggest that Moressor McKinlay possibly emphasizes liter ary form too mucn ana rameui little. This unwarranted preference of his is illustrated by the story he tells of a lad who received a prize for an essav on a topic in economics. The prize, he relates with glee, went not to a student of economics, dui to a student of Greek. The three best naners. in fact, "were submitted by students of Greek no one of whom hHii ever taken a course, in econom ics." And this, he adds, put the peda gogical iconoclasts to great confusion. We can sympatnize wun meir con fusion. We should tmnK, too, mat a commission de lunatlco lnqulrendo would be in order for the persons who awarded the prize. Following out their obvious principle, they would give the prize in a mathematical con test to a lad who knew no mathe matics but much Hebrew and the laurel for historical knowledge to a student of mineralogy. If the queer twist in their minds resulted from their classical training we should feel like urging young men to turn their studies in some other direction. The prize in this instance must have been awarded wholly on grounds of form with no regard whatever to matter. We are ourselves Inclined to ulue literary style highly, but that expres sion does not mean quite the same to us as to Professor McKlnlay. Style, to his mind, as we gather from his letter, is a matter of paragraphs, deft turns of expression, easy transitions and the like. This is all very well. , .... ,, ., u i. , but it does not go to the heart of the subject. It is only in decadent pe riods of literary history or In imita tive literatures that these points re ceive capital attention. Vergil thought more of form than of matter. He was quite willing to depend upon Homer and others for the contents of his Aeneld as long as his verses were thoroughly polished. A similar re mark may be made of the Roman dramatists, who had scarcely a spark of originality, though their external style has been much admired by col lege professors. We hear little or nothing of this sort of "style" from the Greeks of the great period. Following the genius of their language and the bent of their minds, , they said straightforwardly what they had to say and let it go at that. Inasmuch as their thought was coherent their paragraphs flowed naturally one into another, but we doubt very much whether either Xenophon or Plato ever troubled himself a great deal about "topic sentences" and the like. Such frip peries came into fashion among the Alexandrians when men had lost the faculty of original thought and could only write about writing. Those who tell us that Latin study is essential to a good style never tire of praising the style of Plato, who knew not a word of Latin, though he had a fair knowl edge of Greek. In this connection It is instructive to remember that there were dozens of Latin authors who knew both Latin and Greek and yet their styles were execrable. It takes something more than acquaintance with the classics to make great liter ature. There have been, in fact, any number of writers of the first rank who knew only their own vernacular. John Bunyan is a fair sample of such men. In our opinion,' while style is undeniably concerned with the out ward form of literature, it is a great deal more concerned with the inner substance. We would even go as far as to say that when the substance Is all it should be it will inevitably mold the form to clearness and beauty. What professor taught Herodotus to write history? If we could return to the childlike lucidity of his mind we should forget all about the little grammatical vexations that worry us so much and write with all his charm and logic. Great literature weaves its own gar ment as it evolves from the brain of genius. College professors can an alyze the result after it has appeared, but they cannot teach how to produce it. That craft hides and ever will hide among the creative mysteries. It Is the pretty common verdict of great British authors that their clas sical draining never has benefited them an atom as far as style is con cerned. One would naturally expect teachers of Latin and Greek to ex plain every work of genius by the fact that its author had studied at least one of those magic tongues, but neither fact nor reason bears out such a contention. Now comes a Government health expert with the claim that the hu man hand is a dangerous carrier or germs and disease ana mat nouse wlves should beware of It. We hope the health faddists aren't going to order our hunds removed. Minister Williams Is fired for talk ing too much and offering to mediate in Albania's troubles. No competi tion in the trials for that Nobel peace prize will be tolerated by wistful Wil liam. Two boys were killed while dig ging about In the rubbish of a fire works factory which recently went out of business at Chicago, uui think of the casualties had the fac tory not gone out of business. Even the Kansas crops have es caped their usual multitudinous ob stacles this year and a bumper yield will add to the general prosperity which Nature Is forcing upon us. Callfonia University girls must not arrnear on tne campus in tneir bloomers for reasons or mociestj How about the abridged rigging of male students at track meets? It would seem that the popcorn vendors in crying their wares should say ' r resn cotconseea-oneo pupi-um, if they would remain within the lim its of truth. An 11-year-old boy at Albany was drowned trying .to save his 9-year- old brother. The world is much poorer in the loss of such sturdy stock. A Vancouver, Wash., produce dealer found giving large overweight with defective scales is merely an ex ception that proves a rule. But did the disgruntled noisy- Fourth advocate think to hang an American flag in front of his home yesterday? No doubt our Minister to Greece now realizes that the chief functions of a diploma are to keep quiet and look wise. Was the topic of Panama Canal tolls Just the thing for mention by the President in his 1-ourth or JQi speech? Thanks to sanity we can spend to day In rest rather than in counting the dead and succoring the wounded. President Wilson is said to have re marked that he doesn't care for a second term. It is just ma wen. With the Fourth over it is popu larly supposed to clear up for the remainder of the Summer. Mexico, of course, will have to struggle along with a bumper crop of revolutions and rumors. Now will Mexico please behave it self while William does a little Chau- talking. The Colonel has quit the Outlook. Too busy talking away his thunder gratis. The roughnecks evidently have abandoned Colorado for Butte. The next big event Is the Republi can ratification this Fall. And little Willie didn't even burn a finger oft. - Gleams Through the Mitt ly Iteasj 'IIU. Home Tewa l-'Mrih. The- tamutl and shouting have dwindled away. And budding young patriots bind their burnt fingers. Or point hack, unscathed, to a "pf and nne' day; But I have a niem'ry that steadfastly lingers; A dream of tha time (How the years hurry by!) Of boyhood In Home To a, and fourth ef July. The sun came tip to the merry rarkt Of banging crackers. We youngsters aai them Kecklrssly lighted, packet by packet. Although we had hoarded for weeks ta) get them. We scarce could stop for the breakfast call; And rushed again to the noisy play. Long before noon we had burnt ttteut all To the glory of Independence day. Then the parade to the City Park, Led In state by tha full brass bnd. Floats and pageantry, fair to mark. Wound nway toward the spealter'e stand Goddess of Liberty, wonder fair She taught my class In the second grade I worshipped her from a distance there. In bright Columbia's robes arrayed. Soma of the boys of the Sunday school rlaaa. In oleaet white walata and In squeaking shoes, Mnrched, and we yelled as they went past Such epithets ns a kid will use. Would we march with them? No. not wel We counted them "sissies" every one And one of their number came to ma And li lacked my eye. when the march was done. The Mayor arose In tha spenker'a stand And read the Immortal proclamation; Then there was "music hy the band"; The parson's wife gave a declamation; A politician, a "promising lad," Began to apeak, and we atole away To buy, with pennies we'd begged from dad. More powder for Independenca day. In afternoon wum the baseball game! The greased pig races and sports galore: The evening glittered with flash and flama Of fireworks shooting ,'mld hiss and roar. Oh, often I've found Ufa full of bliss. But never did pure Joy mount so high As It used to go on a day Ilka thle In, boyhood; Home Town; Fourth af July. e "air," said the courteous office boy, restraining a comilucent giggle, "my sister Is coming back from the beach today and I wanted to ask you" "Yea, yes," I aaid IndulKontly. "if the cab she ordered don't reach the depot, will tha taximeter 7" (bee note.) And before I could find the ax, tha C. O. B. was biding under tha city edi tor's desk, where I couldn't reach him. (Note "Would lh taalmeter, 1. e taxl-meet-her?" Daffy dill stuff of the typa which Is probably responnlble for the wide spread social unrest to whfl h present-day alarmists are continually calling aur atten tion. ) e !olrml Thoaght. Drneath such head, some hefty think I ought to write, but 1 am caught With all my bruin cells oa the blink 1 cannot think a solemn thought. e Kduratlonal 1 pllft. Sir Whaddyu, mean School of Pi racy! We've got too much of that stuff already without allppltiK It Into our public school system. Yuu ought to tuku a Blunt at the laundry bill they sent ma for six measly collars and four of 'em unit back saw-edged an that 1 wouldn't have the heart to put 'em on a cast Iron copy of tha Apollo I). V. D. Voura truly, UUIuJVKD IlKADI.lt see Nrarlua Mils' Itef Irrtloaa. I know u fallow who ain't got but on bud habit lie has formed die habit of nut formln' 'any bad habits, till ha la plumb burdensome to us frailer mor tals. I-Jxpci ts In human psychology aln t all In college or tha Presidential chair. Some of 'em travels around coun try and sella spectacles and kidney platters. e e Fare-rant fr July. I'rofcBsor U. l'ythagorua Blmelark. the )oiuIhi- and well-known ragt le astrologer, has bean deluyed in Ills regular work this nionin. being cn KUKed in Investigations to ascertain what letter coinea after A-B-C, In tha diplomatic alphabet. Ho la still In vestigating. Therefore a bit lata, ha submits the following forecast and dis sertation for July: The Slftn of the Crab rulea over this month. Under ltn direct Influence are the dads In nil parts' of this country, who will Btlck In the office and put up money for vacation trlpa for tha rest of the family. About the middle of tha month the Moon moveg Into tha fcslgn of Tauroft. and Mother and tha Fam ily tpprouch lad to put up the Hie; Stall for a Summer vacation trip. Two days later the Moon hits the bign of the Crab, and employes are hereby warned to go easy with Dad for a few days. Saturday of the second week llnda the Moon in the Klgn of the Water carrier. I am at a loss to explain auch a phenomenon In thin dry and thirsty season, unleaa it portends that aome ona la to take a bath. The KlBn of the Flahea domlnateu the third week, and one Khould dig thalr bait the night before and get an early start. The June Forecast will hold for July. In doping out the progress of the Bea vers toward the pennant. , see Approximate lltatary. 8,776 U. C. Antedeluvlang declare their Independence and coma down out of the trees. . ; B. C Clioroebus receivea prisa In the first recoraea uiympre British atMctes offer no protests. 1S07 A. D. "God Save tha King, first . i .i i i . .fin sung in tne ujai may.... eapeclally appropriate. 1778 A. U. John HancocK ana others nresent their autograpiia to ' George HI. and George Washington be comes candidate tor tamer 's Country. 1S4 A. D. Peace declared in .... ... , Ikt. mnA Ico. (This la ooviousiy inipuim, must be an error on the part of tha hixtortan.) 1811-'12-'13-'14 A. D hee bacK ine. for several months to get dope on the Mexican situation. Footprlata Im Ftoae. London Chronicle. From time to time amateur geologlata unhampered by "hook learning man. a tliey euippoi-e wonderful oiwcovenca In the primeval rocks. Tney find what they hall, not a footprints on tha anda of time, but looipnma 114 and animals on flat rocK auriace. ..... slabs of stone. The real origin of such hollows la now known to be the far mer presence of concretions which have In time been worn out. In every purt of the eartn sucn have been lounu. un . r..-.- of these la a print two feet lone: on the top of a lony nin canu nu..n. Peak. In the Island of Ceylon, which Is believed by tno native 10 um m imr nf the foot ol Buunna aa na ten the earth a;id sprung Into heaven, an-1 It la accordingly an object of worship.