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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (May 3, 1914)
THE STjyPAY OREGOXIAy, PORTLAM). 3IAY 3, 1914 (A corrected interview "with John Barrett, TJtrector-General of the Pan-American Union and formerly United states Minister to Ar gentina, Panama, and Colombia). 1VHAT may the Panama Canal De expected to do for our 20 sister republics in the West ern Hemisphere? "X many of them the canal will be . more immediately helpful, perhaps, than to the United States. That Is to say, it is likely to exert upon them a mora prompt quickening Impulse, by reason of the access it will give to new end profitable markets. "In considering this question, the Latin-American countries may be suit ably divided into two groups. One of these groups, which I will begin by discussing, comprises the countries bordering on the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea 1. e.. Mexico, Guate mala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Haiti, the Dominican Republic and. Cuba. "If a bridge be built from a city across a river to the country beyond, the value of the property on the way to the bridge and on both sides of the road is augmented. Such property. In deed, benefits as much as does the dis trict beyond the bridge. The ap proaches are now directly on the high way. Instead of being Isolated from traffic. ""Up to the present time at all events, until the movement for the Panama Canal was started the coun tries I have mentioned were not on the commercial highway. They were In a geographic and commercial 'pocket, at the end of a blind alley. One could get there, but, when arrived, there was nothing to do but to turn around and come back. Those countries were situ ated like towns on the ends of branch railway lines. But, with the opening of the canal. It Is a If they were all placed directly on the main line, an artery of trade. 'Vessels visiting: those countries Jiave done so merely to go and come back. Ships passing over the great routes of oceanic commerce have not touched at their ports. Inevitably, un der such circumstances, their commer cial, material, and political develop ment has been held back. They were oft the thoroughfare of travel and busi ness. "The canal is a water bridge con necting the Atlantic with the Pacific. The countries I have mentioned repre sent the property along the road to the bridge. With the opening of the canal, they will suddenly find them selves on great new trade routes. Travelers will come to them who never before thought it worth while to pay them a visit. Business men will be come Interested in them for the first time. They will begin to develop pros perity and purchasing capacity; and, through acquaintance with their re sources newly obtained by business men and travelers, they will develop a foreign demand for their products. "The opening of the canal, and the growth of trade and travel that must follow, will have the effect of a peace ful revolution in the affairs of these countries, and will bring about an era of National advancement that will necessitate political stability hence inaugurating a new epoch in the his tory of the republics bordering on the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. "In truth, it seems likely that the canal will benefit the countries on the ocean highway from the United States to the Isthmus of Panama even more substantially than those beyond the Isthmus. However, let us stop a mo ment and think what exactly is the meaning of the term 'beyond the canal.' "Looking at the matter from the standpoint of tho Pacific Coast of the United States, and of other countries bordering on the greater ocean, 'beyond the canal' means the countries on the iJvCvZ .. TT V7 x2TN nnr T "T rr .- xr . . I . vm man views mmn wmAH D -riCzejiUJ -J CZS SGS CJ2C J 22222 12 BT ELSIE CAROLL. w rHAT a man thinks about finance. or about politics, or about com merce may or may not Interest a woman, but what a man thinks about femininity always commands her at tention. The reason for this is that a wom an's whole life is often held and is swayed by a man's opinion of her. and, though she may be in a state of mind to rebel against this ancient form of dictatorship, it is still dominant and therefore compels her recognition. Coningsby Dawson, the distinguished young English author of "The Garden Without Walls," consented to discuss modern women from a man's view point. He said:- "What is it that attracts a man in a woman? Beauty, perhaps, but only temporarily. Brains, never. Only one quality is permanent in holding a man captive, and that is a woman's sense of humor, which is utterly different from anything else in masculine ex perience. As a little boy once saved Holland from deluge by pushing his small thumb into a hole in the dyke, so many a woman with a sense of humor has saved a man's affection by pushing a small joke into a dilemma. ScDse of Humor. "I was tajght to believe in the old caste system in England, where a woman is brought up to have the idea that she's going to be a housekeeper who happens to be married to her em ployer. All her culture Is to be able to play the piano a little bit, and paint a little bit, and the moment she's mar. rled she drops all this, for they are not innate acquirements thev are merely means of trapping a husband. She then runs his house and takes care of his children. This system has one advantage. The man is educated to be wholly dependent on the woman and the woman to be wholly dependent on the man. That's the frl. ZJl lA tains the English matrimonial picture. Whether the picture shall be a Hogarth grotesque or a Millet idyl depends on the man an-1 woman. "Part of this view is exemplified by i-niriout nronte j loea that no woman ho,.irt lov. her- ... . been married six months. She' h7d "the happiest marriages came out of that coia-piooaea courtsnip. in spit of " Gulf and Caribbean,' to which tne ca nal will give them access for the first time; and It ia beyond question that a wonderful new trade will develop between these latter countries and those of the Pacific. "I may, by way of parentheses, call attention to the fact that already the . countries on the Gulf and Caribbean, although In a 'pocket,' have managed to build up a foreign trade that amounts to J600.000.000 per annum. If they could accomplish as much as this without the help of a canal, what may they not do when lnter-oceanic com munication has been opened? I have no doubt that this trade will be doubled In 10 years, and It may be In five. "Now we come to the consideration of the countries beyond the canal and forming, the second group of Latin American republics, whose coast line reaches all the way, in a general southeasterly direction, from the California-Mexico boundary to the Straits of Magellan. This coast line Is 8000 miles in . length. If we glance down along it, beginning at the north, we find the shores, first, of Mexico, then of the Central American republics. Guatemala, Salvador, Honduras, Nica ragua and Costa Rica, and next of the little republic of Panama, connecting Central with Soulh America the West Coast of the lower continent being oc cupied by Colombia, Ecuador. Peru and Chile, with Bolivia also tributary to it, "The cutting of the canal will afford the first means of direct communica tion between these 8000 miles of Latin American coast line and the Atlantic Coast of the United States. It will give the dwellers all along that won derful stretch of Pacific shore their first opportunity of direct access to European countries and to the repub lics bordering the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of. Mexico. Think what this means for the political and commercial development of the Pacific Coast of South America! "The reach from San Diego' (Cal.) southeast to Panama Is practically 3000 miles. The opening of the canal will give this stretch of Mexican and Cen tral American Coast its first direct ac cess by water to the East Coast of Mexico and the Central American re publics obviously a most Important advantage from their point of view, and one which they will find means of utilizing profitably in many ways. "Looking down the Pacific Coast of South America from Panama, we have a stretch of nearly 6000 miles, almost on a straight line southward from the canal. In which connection It is In teresting to consider that if a plumb line could be dropped down the surface of the earth, so to speak, from the city of Pittsburg, fdllowing the 80th paral lel of longitude, it would pass directly through the Canal Zone, and barely touch the most western point of South America. In other words, practically the whole of that continent is east of a line running north and south through Pittsburg a fact which, though easily verified by a glance at a geographic globe. Is by no means generally real ized. "This coast line of South America is tremendously petential, in Its rela tion to the future of the Western Hem isphere; and we cannot but recognize that it has vast undeveloped possibil ities. Upon the countries which border it the canal must inevitably have the same effect that the building of the transcontinental railways had upon the Pacific Coast of the United States. The railways brought settlers, travel ers, business men. Investors and a great army of men and women who created, through the development of California. Oregon and Washington, one of the most remarkable phases of the progress of our own republic. As a result of tne opening of the V- r holding these views she was the first woman to express the feminist revolt in fiction, and she expressed it in 'Jane Eyre.' Feminist Revolt. "Despite the woman revolt as it spread in England, the large majority of girls are brought up to regard mar riage as their sole road to any kind of freedom. "The attitude of being under au thority which has regulated their glrl- nooa makes them ready to place them- selves under authority to a husband in heart he prefers them to the women of a way which no American girl would his own country, for the same reason tolerate. But at the same time, in her that mankind hae deifledHelen of Troy, own province, in the educating of chil- because the American woman Is an dren and even to the having Joint con- expert in the art of flirting. She ex trol of her husband's bank account, the eels the Frenchwoman. The French Englishwoman has more authority, if woman practices the "art of flirtation less freedom, than the American wo- with an ulterior and material motive, man. Her kingdom may be narrow, whereas the American woman does it but it's absolute. Whereas In a great tor the joy of it 'art for art's sake.' numDer of cases an American woman's supposed liberty to do as she likes is the reflex of her husband's indiffer ence to what she does. Devotes Time to Family. "Every Englishman, however busy. can always spare some time in the day., to devote utterly to his wife and fam- lly. His control of them Is the result of his Interest In them, "The boast that in most American families the man leaves his wife and children free to develop their own per- sonallty is not due to any superior kindness, but is due to a carelessness which is the outcome of his extreme devotion to business. "In England a woman's profession is marriage. In America It's her relaxa- tlon. In all countries it's her means of livelihood. "Because marriage is regarded as a sir. profession m England, .he Is edu- cated for it, and she comes to lt with less gayety than the American girl, but flL . -a.mer.ca lth a Werner sense of duty. n "terner sense of duty. In the modern world the woman Is i inspirer of Ideals because man the makes her recipient of them. tst a woman is natively more ideal.TtT: . . man man. out artists and Mt through the ages have tola h.r . . . ls- -"an na given woman his nurs of i'"- " " - "Helen of Tror was. .ft.. .,, .... in but m. fllrr Th.. 7" ,n oul lurt- Taera- Is no man who, . li A ' At-- s . Panama Canal, we may expect to wit ness, in the 12 Latin-American coun tries bordering the Pacific Ocean, a development not less remarkable than that which, in California and other far Western states, followed the completion of the trans-continental railroads. It is difficult for us to graBp even in imagination the immense importance to those countries of the advantage gained by direct access to the buying and selling markets of the United States and Europe. "When the canal is opened, steam ships and steamship lines correspond ing, as it were, to trains and trans continental lines will carry immi grants, business men, Investors, engi neers and all kinds of people seeking new opportunities, to those countries 7 77 . 9 772at AitfcictMeTi. does not prefer Helen of Troy to Cath erine of Sienna. t ' 'Was this the face that launched a thousand shlpe? And burned the topless towers of Ilium? Sweet Helen, make me immortal with a kiss.' "Whatever an Englishman may say for or against American women, at Got Her for Keeps. "The Englishwoman as a wife is more safe than the American woman. Once you've got her you've got her for keeps. How Interesting! "The American woman, even though you've married her. needs continual winning. Whether she gets it from her husband or no depends on his power to express his comradeship. "An English wife - borrows all her husband's opinions, voices them to her friends as her own, but naturally can- not on a conversation with him, tor lt would be a gramaphone record of n'8 own thoughts. Therefore she is not interesting to her own husband A mar- ried Englishwoman is not Interesting t( men as a rule. She calls out their 'ItteM respect and devotion, but they prefer a music hall for entertainment. Impertinence of Mind. "On the contrary, the who,- . . conversation in America is carriZi by women. Through lack of restr.irTf they have acquired an impertinence of mind which often develop Z 1, nalltv or wit r ? . .7 . 4..,.. natKi it th rVr ?Z.. ..U' " momlne. ... me ea ... tne early rv,. 4 . - "D muro-n preserve , 1 1 tliroueh b iif. r . farm men.8 sZ " JLot.f"Si W"eiy-C.harmln " - w.-w u. marry her. but continues to exercise iep fasclimJ iep fasclna- on the West Coast of Soutn America. New railroads will be built Into the Interior; waterpotters will be har nessed, mines will be opened; forests will be cut down; new towns will be started, and generally a great era of progress will follow just as has al ways happened In every part of the world where a region was newly pro vided with first-class means of com munication and transport. "The best evidence of the possibili ties of the west coast of South Amer ica, following the opening of the canal, is afforded by the remarkable com mercial and material progress which much of that coast, without the help of a canal, has already shown. The onward march of Chile which has a coast line of 2S00 miles; longer than OJl25U2 tl0n 8 an x"r'0n " instinct wh,ch h" not served ole purpose "V"8 n" oeen "Gained. "Marriage is a cage Into which a wm" eteps. But under modern condi- tlons the door Is always left onen. TWrty ars ago divorce was looked upon with horror. Now lt is regarded a enrgery for a social disease. " ... iu- modern "Th T j i . i . ,0:70 Trl tract comradeship. ThA wnm.n In h , , -n , no , replies, pt tie present type. Tie. the Pacific Coast of the United States is even now attracting the attention of the world. Santiago. Its capital city, often called the "Paris of the Andes,- has a population of 500.000. At Valparaiso.-the principal port, which has a population of 250,000. the gov ernment, in getting ready for the canal, is preparing to spend $15,000,000 to create the . finest artificial harbor on the Pacific. "Chile, while possessing so enormous ly long a coast line, has also an area about equal to that of the states of California and Montana combined. A glance at the map will show how the country runs shoestring-fashion along more than half the length of the west coast of South America, At the pres- ent time it is being grldlroned with real type of woman is eternal and fundamental. "The fundamental type of woman is a mother of men, calling out men's sac rifice and sacrificing for them. This without calculation or barter. Woman as depicted In the modern novel is a peddler, haggling over her wares, try ing to give as little as possible to get more than their worth in return. She Is represented as being afraid of man, of motherhood and all the natural sancti ties which have called out the heroism of older and more pious worlds. W Aave in- Action today; the woman WHAT ITtE BrG DITCH WILL DO FOP GUK SISTER ROPUBLICy "TOLD BY railroads. Nearly all of Chile Is in the South Temperate Zone, and the people are vigorous and ambitious. "Bolivia Is nearly twice the size of Texas. Although that country does not actually touch the coast, it Is trib utary to the latter, and at the present time is making great progress. It has enormous mineral resources, and by some authorities is believed to be the richest country in South America for minerals, including gold, sliver and copper. "Just now Bolivia has entered upon an era of railroad construction, and its plateaus are already connected by sev eral lines with the Pacific Coast. Fol lowing the opening of the Panama Canal. It will be one of the first of the South American republics to feel the touch of greater interest manifested by the world at large In the western shores of the lower continent. "North of Chile and Bolivia is Peru equal in area to France, Germany and Austria combined. Its coast line is long enough to cover practically the whole Atlantic seaboard of the United States from Maine to Georgia. South America, indeed, is a continent of spa cious geography. "Peru is a country vastly rich in minerals. 'Also, it possesses great ag ricultural possibilities. Lima, one of the famous classical capitals of South America, has a university that of San Carlos which was 100 years old be fore John Harvard thought of founding the college at Cambridge, Mass. The principal port, Callao. has a fine har bor, and is expecting great business when the canal has been opened. "I should not forget to say that Peru Is at the present time making a special study of means whereby through irrigation its immense semi arid territory may be developed. With the unlimited waters of the Andes to cal upon. Its opportunities in this line are equal to those of California, Ore gon and Washington. Indeed, the rains and melting snows of that wonderful range of mountains afford all along the west coast of South America most attractive invitations for the develop ment of the water powers which are destined to play a part of steadily in creasing Importance in the development of civilization all over the world. "Eucador. immediately to the north of Peru, has a coast line some hun dreds' of miles In length, and is now planning to make its principal port. Guayaquil, one of the busiest harbors on the Pacific. Hitherto Guayaquil has been looked upon as a perilous place to visit, by reason of the continuous prevalence there or yellow fever. This, in fact, has had a marked tendency to hold back the progress of the country. But. a while ago, the government of Ecuador Invited Colonel Gorgas, the man who cleaned up the Canal Zone, to pay a visit to Guayaquil and make recommendations as to what might best be done to make the town health ful. This he did, and as a result many millions of dollars are to be spent in driving out yellow jack" and rendering the port plague-proof: "Guayaquil possesses an ideal loca tion, geographically speaking, and is backed by a rich hinterland. Ecuador depicted as s more brilliant being than the mother we remember from our childhood. Feminine selfishness is rep resented as an enviable Instead of a base quality. Most of these types are drawn by men. And while the better part of feminine readers ought to re sent them they cannot help but have a poisonous effect on the mind of young girls, who, after reading Bernard Shaw, believe that there is something dash ing In getting rid of tenderness and Imitating masculine boldness. "It would almost seem that these writers believe that a woman by wish ing can change her mental sex. They Campaigning With Confederates tCOXTIXlTED FROM PAGES FOUR.) For instance, in other commands it was not unusual to see "stocks' set up In which to punish Infractions of discipline, but such means of punish ment were never tolerated in our camp, and, when we saw it elsewhere, we would go in force to such camp, liberate the prisoners, whip them for teing so craven as to submit to such indignity, tear down the stocks and carry them away to our camp to be used for kindling wood. This won for us the admiration as well as the envy of all other troops of our array. This happened more than once while the army encamped at Dal ton. Just why no attempt was ever made to punish us for our escapades along such lines has always been "one of those things which no fellow could find out. Lieutenant-Colonel Phil Lee, of the Second Kentucky, was quite a wit and something of a wag as well, and after the Fifth came to us. he char acterized the five regiments as fol lows: Tse "honest ninth," the "thiev ing fourth," tie "supple sixth," the "Invincible second" and the "simple fifth." The fifth had teen recruited in the mountain counties of Kentucky, and we called them "seng diggers" when they first came to us, but we soon learned to respect them for their prowess, their Indomitable courage, notwithstanding their want of culture. My regiment was called the thiev ing fourth becauce of the fact that, when marching, we refused to carry camp equipage, ana when getting Into camp would go over into other com mands and take whatever we happened to need, and that without asking leave. is unquestionably destined to reap great benefits from the canal. Already it possesses a remarkable railroad line, extending from the port nearly 500 miles up into the plateau section and reaching the capital city, Quito. Many companies have been organized (as in Peru) to develop irrigation projects, to open mines and otherwise to exploit the resources . of the country all of this largely under the influence of the expected opening of the inter-oceanic waterway. "Last bu not least, we must consid er Colombia, which, in addition to a long coast line on the Caribbean, has an ocean frontage of more than J00 miles on the Pacific To that country the canal will be enormously benefi cial, giving it for the first time water Intercourse between Its Pacific and Caribbean shores. Incidentally will follow a great development of traffio for the already-important railroad now being built fcom Buenaventura, the chief Pacific port, into the interior. This road reaches the famous Cauca Valley, which is described as one of the richest and most beautiful in the world. "Colombia is about twice the size of the German Empire. It has won derful wealth in minerals and timber, aside from extensive agricultural pos sibilities, to attract foreign Immigra tion and capital. If the present dis pute between Colombia and the United States shall be satisfactorily adjusted, and if Colombia devotes the Indemnity she hopes to receive to building rail roads, improving rivers, and the gen eral development of her economic re sources, she should experience bene fits from the Panama Canal second in importance only to those which the United States will receive. "The far western sections of Bra zil and of Argentina, being close to the Pacific Coast, will, despite the bar rier of the Andes, be to some degree developed by the railroads which, fol lowing the opening of the canal, will be built through or over the mountain wall into the fertile valleys of those western sections. "Conspicuous as a prospect in the Latin-American countries bordering upon the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico is the development of the banana and other fruit-growing Indus tries. There is an enormous and stead ily increasing market for such products in the United States. We want tropical fruits, and will buy them in almost un limited quantities. Once luxuries, they are now relatively cheap. The develop ment of the banana industry is already a marvel. "All indications point to the conclu sion that the people of the United States, as time goes on. will depend more and more upon the countries of tropical America for food supplies. At tention has been drawn to their great agricultural possibilities, which hither to have not been realized. Most persons have a notion' that beef cannot be grown In that part of the world, but there could be no more absurd mistake. As a matter of fact, some of the finest cattle In the world are raised In the valley of the Orinoco (In Venezuela), and In the Cauca Valley of Colombia." 'ctiesSOi. disregard the fact that a woman la as much a woman in her mind as In her body. "The modern woman Is at heart ex actly the same strong, weak, brave and timid companion of man that she has been in all past generations. "A man starts life at a woman's knees. As he grows older he may run away from them and pretend Indepen dence, but in the moments of failure and crises it is to a woman's knees that he is always coming back. And it is the kind of woman who is waiting for him and brave to make him strong as his mother was who still rules and has al ways ruled his heart and the world." This sometimes got us Into hot water. Captain Stake, of the Second Kentucky, had been made Inspector General upon the staff of our brigade commander, and whenever we made a raid upon some camp and carried off their skil lets and other cooking utensils, lt was sure to be followed by a visit to our camp of a squad from some other reg iment, commanded by Captain Stake, making a search of our camp for the stolen paraphernalia. Our boys got to yelling "skillet" at him whenever he made his appearance, whether on or off duty, upon parade or elsewhere, and kept this up until he begged a truce, and promised never again to question our privilege to steal all the skillets we might happen to need. This proclivity got the regiment a sharp reprimand from General Breck enridge while commanding the divi sion. He roundly denounced them for a set of damned thieves, and the boys felt -sore" at him until after the bat tle of Chicamauga. When the battle had ended be rode up to us and said: Tou boys never liked my calling you a set of thleies. but have you not proved it true by going over and steal, lng Rosecrans' artillery?" The boys answered his quip with a cheer, and his warm place in our hearts was re stored never more to be disturbed, (To be continued.) (Copyright, 19X4. by Lewis C. Garrlgua) Accuracy of Description. Atchison Globe, Tour description probably 1 accur ate, but too long, too long.