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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Jan. 21, 1912)
TIIE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, PORTLAND, JANUARY 21, 1912. Leon Peltzer, After 30 Years' Confinement in Brussels' Prison,- Emerges Into Modern Life With Its Wonderful Changes He Adjusts Himself to All But the Sight of Woman His "ind Has Not Been Following Her Evolution And Her Present Appearance Overcomes Him Strange Story of His Imprisonment. fc-'i r sr . -e THIRTY years complete severance fnm human activities, and even the sight of the world outside a prison wall! flow does the scene strike the returned prisoner of educated mind? Leon Peltier, whose trial once stirred Belgium to its depths, has Just stepped out of the cell he has occupied for half lifetime. What strikes him most? Traffic developments by land or air The postal card flood, automobiles or the gramaphone? . None of these things. "What astonishes me. most. said he, as he Irft Brussels for England, en route for America. "Is the shape of the women. The narrow skirts give them a very different look to what I have had In my mind all those years, and can't sot used to the new Impression. In bis case. 30 years ago, a woman played a leading role. Here la the story of this love-drama that has now culminated In the return of Leon Pelt iw as from the tomb, specially told for The Oregonlaa by Herbert Devine: BT HERBERT DEVINE. BRUSSELS. Jan. 10. (Special Corre spondence.) Within a few weeks there will arrive In America one who has come back to the favored life of today after being Immured for 30 years "far from the madding crowd." When he went to prison the mothers of the pres ent generation were In wide attire. Hence It la that the pipe-line profile of the modern woman has struck his vis Ion with so sharp a shock as to obscure all other Impressions. It Is a declaration worthy of consid eration by philosophers who review the rapid progress of mankind In the arts and sciences. Moreover, It Is the decla ration of one who. for all his 30 years In Jail, has had his hard knocks at the hands of Dan Cupid. In fact, the mis chievous Dan had a whole lot to do with the tangle of Leon PeJtaer's life. This was the way of It: One January morning si young advo cate named Gulllaume Bernays left hla house in Antwerp, remarking to a ser vant that he was going to Brussels and would be back for dinner. As was his custom, he had escorted his little son to school the little lad who was the sole, unconscious tie that kept sn unhappy household together. For It had Ionic been whispered In Antwerp that Gulllaume Bernays. the brilliant lawyer, lived In strained relations with his beautiful wife. It was ssld that they never exchanged even a formal word of greeting, all Indispensable com munication between them being effect ed through domestics. The complete separation that such Intolerable cir cumstances seemed to demand was pre vented by the solitary bond of syrapa thy which survived from the wreck of their domestic bliss: they both adored their little boy and both resolved to sacrifice all personal considerations for ieJJDf ti A J. V w;-'j 5rr i V' ? i' ,'f th. welfare of the child. I J VVf'Vl-jft t 1 V 153 - 1 f When he did not return for dinner tf&3frSf i V V jf I -''-7& t ' V - '" obliged to stay over night. Whetihe ?effttWX T&&&7&! JVW'fM ' VfifcC-W tl did not returnNthe next day. and yet (, fc$ k i I Wj, lJLftfi&h ''Hl?XV fi HI lb MM yW if wi-i t-4 III I 'v - j- ' ir' r u . ?: - r t i a jvld v iwvoiv, i vvw w, ny; -'pi' "'y- Ami ii ..,f -hnJ , bio. : ,;.v XiVll).-(?r NiKai-.'" , never a word or sign from him. It seemed to the servants very unlike hla usual precision. When be did not return the following day. nor yet the day af ter, even the cold Indifference of Madame was stirred to wondering In- ouiry. But when a, week went by without tale or tidings of Gulllaume Bernays all Antwerp was agog with mystery. Theories were advanced from every side. He had committed suicide; he had gone to Join a rigorous order of monks: he had simply "run away"; he had lost his reason. AH agreed on one point that domestic unhapplness had become Insupportable to him. No one. not even his closest associates he had no Intimate friends knew anything more than what the servant could tell them, but everyone expected to hear from him presently some Inquiry as to the little boy. Mysterious Letter Seat. Advertisements were Inserted In the newspapers; then the police began to take up the case. Suddenly there came bolt from the blue. A letter, dated from Bale, came to the Coroner of Ant. erp, 11 days after the disappearance of Bernays. This letter purported to be from one "Henry Vaughan." It was written In the most hysterical vein, de ploring first the mislaying of an al leged former letter, and proceeding with anguish to unfold again the tale that the first letter was supposed to contain. Henry Vaughan" explained how Gulllaume Bernays had come to his nouse, 159 Rue de la Lot. Brussels, for an important consultation on the morn Ing of the day he left Antwerp. When they had finished their business, the at tention of Bernays had been attracted by an American pistol belonging td Vaughan. While the latter was ex plaining to Bernays the working of the pistol, it "accidentally went off," and to Vaughan'a horror, Bernays fell mor tally wounded. Vaughan described the consternation. the wild terror that seized him. his vain but frantic efforts to restore life to the corpse, his decision to fly first to his Invalid wife and only child, and his mention to return to Brussels to abide by the consequences as soon as he could arrange his affairs. Immediately the house. 159 Rue de la Lol. was entered by magistrates and police, and there was found huddled In an armchair, the body of Gulllaume Bernays. Facts did not tally with the details of the letter written by the mysterious "Henry Vaughan." Inquiries were made as to who had recently hired the house In the Rue de la Lol. Itt was ascertained that he was a man with a black beard and blue glasses who styled himself a rich Amer ican who hab come to Belgium for the purpose of establishing a trans-Atlantic steamboat service between Antwerp and New York on behalf of accompany with a capital of $2,500,000. It was also ascertained from various sources, chief ly from some of the shrewder business men with whom Vaughan had had in terviews, that the whole scheme as ad vanced by him seemed rather shady and that he himself Inspired anything but confidence. A TZ .' " . i 1t H FH Justice started out oh the trail of the suspected murderer, and Justice natu rally looked first for what might seem the likeliest motive for a crime. Who was the person who could profit from the death of Bernays? Was there in the deceased man's circle an Individual upon whom the eye of suspicion could rest? . Gradually from the labyrinth of fact and fiction, there began to stand out some telling circumstances that led to all Investigation being concentrated in one direction. Beginning of Romance. Armand Peltzer had returned from South America, a disconsolate widower with one fair little daughter. He had In time made the acquaintance of Gull laume Bernays, had won his friendship and been invited to his house. From the first moment a sympathy sprang up between the romantic young wife of Bernays and the strong command ing man who had suffered. That inti macy grew with time Then there had come the sudden crisis, after which Ar mand Peltzer was received no more In the house where he had been a wel come guest. Madame's open attach-4 ment to him naa oecome me suDjeci oi servants' gossip, and later it was re ported that the seal' which Madams Bernays had set upon her lips came from her resolution never again to speak to her husband a resolution dat ing from the day when Armand Peltzer was forbidden the house. I Armand Peltzer had a brother, a ne'er-do-well who had been everywhere and everything, and whom he had more than once plucked from the fires of fate. This brother had spent most ol his time in the United States was, in fact, alleged to be there at the moment the wall of suspicion was growing up around Armand. And when Armand was arrested he had letters ready for production of recent date, though the envelopes had been torn or burned, to prove that his brother was "out San Francisco way." The" tentacles of justice were being stretched forth upon every side, and just when the Belgian people were al most convinced by the protests of Ar mand Peltzer when he wrote to the press that he would get his brother to come across right away from the United States to help dispel these suspicions, suddenly Brussels was astounded by the news that Leon Peltzer. the man sup posed to be "out San Francisco way," had been arrested, disguised. In Co logne. "Nobody worked then!" That is what the Belgians who are old enough to remember tell you of the sensation the trial of these two brothers produced. It lasted over a month. Every day pro vided a new development, some more startling revelation. It was shown how the master mind of Armand Peltzer had thought out every detail, prepared for every contin gency, even to the taking of a house quite near the station for the murder so that it would not be worth any man's while to take a cab. Thus there would be no accusing cabman to "come knock ing at the door" when he had waited hours for his belated fare. But from the tangled skein so deftly woven by Armand Peltzer to secure the woman who had become the desire of his life, thread after thread was pa tiently unraveled. And when, at the end, sentence of death was passed upon both brothers, the strong man, broken, shrieked the curse of himself and of his daughter upon the jurymen. Leon, was content to state that an injustice was; being done to the brother he loved Armand, who was "Innocent of all." Reprieved From Death. A distinguished lawyer of Antwerp, . connected with the case, married the widow Bernays, thus hushing the voice of scandal about her after she had come as a witness, callous to the death of' her husband, and avowedly attached to Armand Peltzer. She has since sep arated from this second husband. Perhaps it was due to the fact that all the world loves a lover"; anyway, men of force and persistence rose to plead for the convicted brothers. They succeeded in procuring a reprieve from the death penalty, but the alternative was life imprisonment. Armand died in prison of a broker heart. Leon lived on, till the other day he emerged from the gates of the Jail to blink at the rush of modern ways, and marvel at the tube-like forms ol the women of today. A visit has been paid to his mother. 90 years old, In Cologne. Now he is in-. England, gray, pallid and emaciated, a dungeon-wreck of a man waiting to cross the Atlantic, to seek still newer impressions in the broad freedom of the West. YOUNG MEN WALK 3500 MILES TO SETTLE DIETETIC QUESTION And Then the Answer Afforded by the Long Tramp of Two Harvard Students Is Not Accepted as Final. TWO Harvard students, the brothers Warren and Jesse Buffum. start ed last July to walk frpm Boston to Los Angeles. They reached Los An g les a short time ago. Throughout the lonT walk Warren Buffum ate nothing tut vegetable food, while Jesse con sumed only meat. Before starting they were carefully measured and weighed by Dr. Dudley 8. Sargent, Harvard's well-known physical director. On arrival at Los Angeles they submitted to similar measurements and weighing at the hands of Dr. A. H. Reynolds, physical director of the Los Angeles Y. M. C. A, It turned out from these examina tions that Warren Buffum. the vege tarian, had gained 13.7 pounds during the trip, while Jesse, the carnivorous member of the team, bad gained only 11.3 pounds. Also. Jesse became ex hausted and was compelled to board a train when still 300 miles from his goaL "A triumph for vegetarianism." cried the man who has formed "an affection a la Plato for a bashfulyoung potato or a not too Freochy French bean." "A triumph for vegetarianism." ex ulted his brother-faddist, who munches nuts while others pursue the ' Juicy steak. And all the other people to whom parsnips and cabbages are the sum of human endeavor lifted up their voices and proclaimed that their fad had won. So It would certainly seem from the results of the transcontinental walk of the Buffum brothers. But here comes the strangest part of the tale. In spite of the relative condition of War ren, the vegetarian, and Jesse, the. meat-eater at the and of the walk, neither Dr. Sargent nor Dr. Reynolds will agree that a vegetarian triumph has been won. Both have been Interviewed freely, and both are of the opinion that many things must be considered by the gain in weight shown by the two brothers. Proves Not blag, Sara Doeter. "The matter of the diet has proved nothing at all to me." said Dr. Sargent- "Why? Well. U must be borne In mind that Warren Buffum. before the trip began, was stronger organi cally than his brother, besides being a little heavier. It was because Warren was the stronger that I suggested the vegetable diet for him. as I thought that if either weakened It would be the man who was deprived of meat. My own experiments have convinced me of this. "Also, it must be remembered that Warren did not confine himself to vegetables wholly. He was allowed cheese, crks and milk, all of which tcme under the head of meaty foods. "On the face of It. It appears that the vegetable diet was the more suc cessful, but In reality they both gained greatly by the trip, and Warren's slightly greater gain may be ascribed to his advantage over his brother In physical condition at the start. "One remarkable fact." said the doc tor, "la that while they both gained greatly to welg'nt. there was no other change In their stature or physique out side of the fact that their calves gained each a fraction of an Incn In girth. "However, there was a great change In the condition of the men. While both were sound and healthy at the start, the close of their walk found them In a vastly better condition. The flesh of both was Arm and sound, their skin had the glow of health, and waa tanned a fine brown by the sun In short they were physically two One specimens of manhood. So Dr. Reynolds writes me. "The size of their chests had not in creased, but their breathing was firm and regular. Their health was excel lent. At no time on their trip were they so much as threatened by illness. I as cribe this. In great part, to the fact that they slept outdoors continuously In sleeping bags. "Say for me that the matter of diet proved nothing at all. What the trip did prove, beyond any question, is that systematic exercise, more than anything else, gives vigor and strength to the body. Both gained weight on widely different diets so what Is proved by that? Effects ef Vlrmu Life. "No. It waa the exercise of the trip across the continent that caused the great Improvement In their condition. "Let any man or woman eat good, wholesome food. Including meat, and take exercise regularly by walking a certain number of miles a day. and there will be the same result, a gaining In strength, weight and health. In similar circumstances as those Warren spent six months lots of fresh air and exercise It seems to me that a diet In which meat was Included would be best at least, less likely to be In jurious than a vegetable diet. It Is lit tle wonder that Warren as I said, gained on his brother, for the simple reason that his diet Included meaty foods with the vegetables, while the other had far less variety of food." "Then you favor a mixed diet?" Dr. Sargent waa asked. "I assuredly do." he replied, "and I practice It. too. But It Is possible to eat too much meat. In fact, men in general eat too much. "But I am In favor of considerable (neat eating the peoples who have eat en meat. If you want to dabble In his tory, have always been strong, virile and healthy." J M hkihuhs i mill I. mwin n ' i ihim ii'w ivy ' tm-if't , , , J ' . I , ' ,',.."" " . " ' ' ' t , . ' v ;M ' : . " - '- 1 't ' '.': . : : . .". - . - . : ' :; : . j,:' .r s " - , -,. - - -. , :: I:..---1 . ' ii x - :: L .::'. . . - ' : . - ' . ..;... . ::! : 1 A 1 1 Horace: flktcher. whose dietktic ideas seemingly webb proved. 'Do you think a vegetable diet may have bad effects?" 'Yes," said Dr. Sargent, "and very marked ones. I myself tried a vege table diet for a year and I have known others who have tried it. At the time I was growing, and so naturally gained In weight. What Is more I was en gaged In athletic work. But during that year I seemed to lack energy, vim. I didn't have the snap and go that are necessary in modern life. "It is a fact that meat is a great stimulant. It gives one that ginger and vim which Is not supplied by a veg etable diet A sprinter should eat meat. A man going on a long hike of the sort the Buffum boys took would, on the other hand, need less meat." "Can you give me a diet for the av erage man?" Inquired the reporter. "'No, I couldn't do that. There Is no rule for regulating the diet. Every man needs different proportions of food. He must figure It out for himself. . If he likes statistics, there are plenty of books on diet to aid him. "Most men do figure It out for them selves, and without the aid of books, too. For Instance, the men In the lum ber camps eat lots of fatty pork, bacon and the like. It Is the thing they need most. Not long ago a lady whom knew happened to visit one of these camps with her husband. She watched them eat their pork, bacon and ham. and a great horror entered her souL "She went home and the picture of those poor lumbermen feeding on fatty dishes haunted her. So she purchased a side of beef and sent It to them. I happened to know that the beef was never touched. The lumbermen pre ferred pork and beans. Fatty food 1 necessary to those who live much In the open air. "An experiment as to the value of diets such as this one of the Buffum brothers," continued Dr. Sargent, "lacks scientific verity and accuracy. Such experiments should be continued for years before we could trust the conclu sions. I have suggested that they might be tried on postmen as well as on those who walk for the fun of the thing. A long walk is a long walk. whether It's work or play. "The logical conclusion to this Buf fum experiment would seem to be that the brothers be made to walk back on opposite diets to those which they fol lowed on the trip West. And I am told that the Metropolitan Club of Loa Angeles has offered to back them financially if they decide to do this. 'From the letters which I received from the boys, It would seem that War ren was constantly sighing for the meat which was denied him, while Jesse did not particularly miss vegetables." Dr. Sargent refused to come out def initely as opposed to vegetarianism, al though his remarks had not seemed to favor It. "Let them squabble over it," he said. "I have given them something to talk about, evidently. Really, I have no theory. I am a mixed eater." Dr. Reynolds, the expert at the other end of the walk, waa equally reluctant to be carried away with vegetarian en thuslasm because of the performance of the Buffum brothers. He maintain that their transcontinental journey has not finally determined any dietary or physical endurance questions. Records Were Indefinite. Professor Reynolds declares that th records kept by the brothers during the trip, their physical condition, what the ate from day to day and the general effect of the undertaking on them, are too indefinite and have too many ele ments of uncertainty to allow of the forming of general conclusions. "The fact that Warren Buffum was on an exclusive vegetable diet an came through In better condition than his brother, may have been due to su perior constitution and more equabl temperament," said Professor Reynolds, A reversal of treatment might produce the same results; Warren Buffum may be better fitted for the test than James. The only way I should be satisfied with such a test would be where a complete and comprehensive record Is kept by some one competent to keep it. Ihls should include form charts before and after the trip, together with data en tered from day to day or from week to week." The walk across the continent by the Buffums was not fair to them nor to the theories they sought to demon strate. according to Professor Reynolds. In the first place, a time limit should be fixed for completing the trip," he continued. "I am not saying the time they consumed upward of Ave months was too much; but I am try ing to convey the Idea that almost any one could walk from here to Boston n given sufficient time, and he could do t on almost any wind of a diet. To conduct such a test rainy, the NAPOLOEN GAVE LEGION OF HONOR TO FRENCH, AS "GEW-GAW" RAXCE owes the Legion of Honor I to Napoleon. AH orders of chiv alry had been abolished by the revolution, and had left a gap which It was not easy to fill. "They are mere gewgaws." said Monge. the chemist, who had taught the revolutionists how to make gunpowder out of plaster of paris. "Gewgaws. If you will," the first consul answered, "but people like them. Let us approach the question frankly. All men are enamored ot decorations, the French more than any. They posi tively hunger for them, and they have always done so." This waa at Malmalson In 1803. In May the conseil d'etat was Invited to consider the project of the Institution of the Legion of Honor. It was ridi culed by many, notably by Moreau. who as victor of Hohenllnden. was bitterly Jealous of the victor of Marengo. At a dinner party he sent for his cook and said to him In the presence of his guests: "Michel. I am pleased with your dinner. You have Indeed distin guished yourself. I will award you a saucepan of honor." Mme. de Stacl was also satirical upon the subject. "Ah, one of the decorated?" she used to ask each guest who was shown Into her salon. But Napoleon had gauged human na ture correctly. His Legion of Honor did meet a felt want, and It was definitely Inaugurated on July 14, 1S04. Among the eminent men of science and men of letters on whom it was then bestowed were Included Laplace, the mathemati cian: Lalande, the astronomer: Cuvler, the naturalist, and Legouve. the poet. The most notable name omitted was that of Bcrnardin de St, Pierre, just then in disgrace for championing Mme. de Stael, whom Napoleon had banished, but he arnt th rinnr&tinn ter on the entreaty of Queen Hortense. After Napoleon's downfall the ques tion of suppressing the Legion of Honor arose. Chateaubriand, whom Napoleon had not decorated, strongly .urged Its abolition. So did Puzzo dl Borgo. Mar shals Victor, Marmont and Macdonald opposed. After debate It was decided to recognize and retain the order, not on any moral or patriotic grounds, but be cause Louis XVITI could not afford to make himself more unpopular than he was already by stripping people of their decorations. Chateaubriand and Lam artine consented to accept the red rib bon, but it was also conferred upon a great number of worthless personages, and so brought Into contempt. There have been many Legion of Honor scandals since those days, but one of them surpasses all the others In magnitude. This Is, of course, the Wil son scandal, the history of which, though Intricate, Is worth recalling. Tha t rn ii hi ccc mav be M tn hav. hem- I gun on the" dav on which Mile. Allee i It wis proved that Wilson had made a Grevy fell In love with an opera singer regular practice of selling the Legion of who need not be mentioned here. He wanted to marry her, and she wanted to marry him, and the papers were begin ning to couple the two names In a manner most embarrassing to the Presi dent of the republic. The President, however, sent the opera singer about his business and found his daughter an other husband, not a very good hus band, but the best husband he could procure on the spur of the moment His choice fell upon M. Daniel Wilson, who had long been one of M. Grevy's political supporters, and was a finan cier of some mark. No sooner was M. Wilson established at the Elysee than he proceeded to en rich himself by various means. Among other things, he founded a paper called Le Monlteur de I'Exposltion Univer sale, which really covered a traffic In decorations. The whole story came out tn .lot. trifl trcw, rri thm. AnA Af 18 2 7 Honor, or. rather, of inviting people who wanted It to bribe him to use his Influence to obtain it for them. His overtures were presented through hi jackals. Generals d'Audlan and Cafferel and Mmes. Limousin ana itatazzi, ana the whole party had to stand in the dock together. Wllsoa was sentenced to two years' Imprisonment, a fine of 3000 francs and five years' deprivation of civil rights. He appealed, and the court of cassation annulled the judgment. The accused, said the judges, was obviously guilty of everything that he was charged with, but as his offenses were not anticipated by any punitive law he could not be punished. So he retired to the country and tried to live down, his bad name. As he ultimately got himself elected counsellor-general, one must suppose that he succeeded in this object. Ex "c q nir - men should set out with full knowledge of their relative physical qualifications, to be arrived at not only by a physical examination, but by various prelim inary tryouts. Then they should have their task laid out for them. To be ef--fectlve, this would involve sending some one along to advise and super vise them, in order that they might be properly nourished and cared for, and relieved of everything except the or deal of the walk Itself. "For example. Warren Buffum, who came through on the vegetable diet,' tells me that his elder brother, who ate meat, worried during the trip. I asked him what he worried over, and he said it was mainly over the probability of their reaching food stations from day! to day and the possibility of being caught out and suffering from hun ger. This may have affected the phy sical condition of the' man. "To obviate such condtiions an au tomobile should be sent with the men to Insure a supply of suitable provis ions In the way of food and drink, and the man in the automobile should ar range the itinerary, designate the stopping places and' attend to all the non-essentials, thereby relieving the men on foot from all unnecessary ef-, forts and anxieties. This man should also be able carefully to note and com pare the condition of the men and tabulate the results. Examined at End of Route. "When the Buffum brothers reached Los Angeles they reported that Jesse Buffum, 30 years old and 70.7 Inches in height, weighed 132.2 pounds, and had a girth of the ninth rib of '38.2 Inches, expanded, and 28.8 inches con tracted. He had come through, on a meat diet, and had been compelled to take a train about 300 miles before reaching here. "Warren Buffum, who confined his diet to vegetables, was 26 years old and had a height of 70.2 inches,-. weighed 137.7 pounds and had a girth at the ninth rib of 33 inches expanded and 30.4 inches contracted. , "These figures don't tell me any thing, as the men did not have with them the measurements taken by Dr. Sargent, and I have nothing as a basis for comparison. The men tell me they adhered strictly to the rules of diet on which they started out, and I accept their statements. They also tell me they both gained in welRht. which I believe, but I am not satisfied as to the accuracy of the records I have been able to get from them, for they admit too many possibilities of inaccu racy. It appears they stopped at San Bernardino several days before coming on into Los Angeles, and naturally, living at hotels and resting, they would gain weight rapidly after what they -had been through, so that their weight when they reported to me cannot be aken properly as their weight at the close of the trip. All data of this kind should be kept religiously. 'I should be interested in observing the results of such a test under proper conditions and with a view to the trictest accuracy, and I think it would" be of great value, although I do not attach much importance to the rela tive virtues of the meat and vegetable diets. I am not an extremist. I believe many of us eat too much meat more than we actually require or can as- imilate properly; but I don't sub cribe to the doctrine that all men ould be benefited physically by com pletely eliminating all meat from their food. The requirements of the individ ual must at all times be taken into Consideration."