TyE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, DECE3IBER 31. 1911. 13
OREGON'S GROWTH GREATER IN CITIES THAN IN COUNTRY
Latest Censu3 Bulletin Contains Much New and Interesting Information Concerning Population Increase in This State
Y
MAXT new and interesting facts
concerning Oregon's growth In
population to (72.765 In 1910.
bearing both on the state as
a whole and on Its subdivisions
arc contained in a bulletin that has
Just been Issued by the Bureau of the
Census. Although the population of Ore
gon cities and counties was announced
months aro. the latest bulletin (tires In
more detail the various phases of popu
lation Increase, drawing Interesting
comparisons, such as the relative In
crease In urban and' rural population
, during t::e decade ending In 1910. when
the census was taken.
In Oregon, the bulletin shows, the
proportionate gain in urban population
over rural population was even greater
during the de-ade than In the countrr
as a whole. This growth of the towns
and consequent loss or relatively small
growth of the country districts Is a
phase of the 1910 census In the I'nlted
States as a whole that has attracted
great sttentlon. The fact that the
titles are becoming larger without a
proportionately greater supporting
rural population has done much to
stimulate Interest In the "back to the
soil" movement.
Comparing the urban and rural popu
lation ot uregon. the census bulletin
say n :
"The urban territory of the state In
1910 that la the cities and Incorporat
ed towns of 2500 inhabitants or more
contained 307.010 Inhabitants, or 45
per cent of the total population, whllo
365. 70S Inhabitants, or r.4.4 per cent.
Jived In rural territory. Ths urban ter
. rltory as It existed In 1)00 that Is. the
cities and Incorporated towns then hav.
Ir.if lOOO inhabitants or more con
tained 131. Mo Inhabitants, or Ji 2 per
cent of the total population, wlilie 280.
256 Inhabitants, or 67. S per rent, lived
In rural territory. There has thus been
a larae Increase In the proportion of
urban population. For continental
United States as a whole the urban
population constituted 44.3 per cent of
the total population In 1910 and 40 6 per
cent ef the total population In 1900.
"In 1910 Portland s proportion of ths
total population ef the slate was 30.1
per cent. or nearly one and one-half
times Its proportion In 19" and more
than twice Its proportion In 1850. The
proportion of the population of the
state In the other urban places In 1910.
1900 and 190 was 14. S. 10 3 and It I per
cent. respectively.
"The urban population of ths stats
In 110 mas contained In I cities and
two towna Of the total population.
13.3 per cent was contained In 153
cities and Incorporated towns of less
than 2500 Inhabitants ea. h and 41 per
cent In unincorporated territory.
-The 153 cities and towna of leas
than 1500 Inhabitants each have an ag
gregate population of 99.742. These
places comprise 27 having from 1000 to
2500 Inhabitants each. with a com
bined population of 42.549: 31 having
from too to lofle Inhabitants each, with
a combined population of 22.177; and 95
having less than 500 Inhabitants each,
with a combined population of 24.S97.
"In all cities and Incorporated towns.
Including those of less than i5u0 In
habitants, thera was In 1910 a popula
tion of 39C.903. or 59 per rent of the
population of the state. The popula
tion of all cities and Incorporated
towns, as they existed In 1900. was 192.
(41. or 41.4 per cent of the population
of the state."
Many of these facta are shown at a
glance In the following table, which
presents the population of Oregon at
the Federal censuses of 1910. 1900 and
1(90, distributed among cities and
towns grouped according to specified
limits o population, together with the
percentage of the total population In
each group at each of the censuses
named:
m Per Cent of To-
1(10. 1(. l'0. tal Population.
CLASS OF PLACES. N'mberl N'mberl N'mberl ...J....
of IPopula- of IPopula- of Popula- 1(10. 1(00. 1890.
places.) tfon. places.l tlon. places. tlon.
ITTerrl.ory HlZlJZ 11 TiTIsO 10 85.098 45.8 11.2 J..8
i tii- ar.d tw ns f , A-w 10 8
f: lurid red thousand Inhabitants or more 1 3t.J14 Via
r'ifiv Ih-unand to one hundred thousand Inhabitants . ij.: '
I't :v-fiv th.uan. to lifly thousand Inhabitants . "Vi """ I?
Trr tn.m.an.l t.. taenty-flve thouand Inhabitants 1 14.0(4 ' "'"j . ii
n. il...ut,.l to un thnu-anJ inhabitants. J9.210 2 15.044 2 11.311 J 8 1.6 .(
T- t..;...-r.l f.v. hundred lo f.v. thousand inhabitant... ttll Sllltf ll'tVillt
!r;:,ri:;wn.vf-,;ai-,-han:5.o i " 10ltltil "tliHl i Hi ,i
niurr rural territory 1.S3 sa.ssi "'
T. tal population ? ' 1 ' 17-70 l-OUoMlOtJ
"In or.ler to ebmpare ths rate ef
growth In urban and rural communities,
it 1 necessary in each case to consider
the chantct'S In population which hava
occurred In the same territory from one
decennial census to another," continues
the bulletin "With this end In view
places classed as urban ar rural, ac
cording to their population In 1910. are
aken as a ba.it. and the segregate pop
ulation In 1910 and In 1900 of the same
places Is then compared. The total pop
ulation In 1910 of the cttles and towns
which at tbat time had 2500 Inhabi
tants or more was 107.00; In 1900 the
total population of these same places
was 143.4n. It may be noted tbat the
latter ngure exceeds the total popula
tion In lnA of the cities and towns
which at that time had over 2500 In
habitants each. 131.1i'. by 9660. Tha
difference I the result of ths passage,
since 1900, of certain communities from
the raral to tbs urban class and of
aanezattons of territory during the
aama period.
-A comparison of the total popula
tion in 1910 of cities and towns having
a population of not less than 2500 each
with the total population of the same
places In 1900. shows an Increase of
111 per cent. This represents ths rate
ef growth of urban communities as
thus denned. During the same penoa
the rural population, comprising that
of ths remainder of ths state. Increased
ti.1 per cent. The population of urban
areas thus Increased more than three
times as fast as rural. For continental
United States as a whols urban popula
tion Increased J4. per cent In the last
decade and rural population 11.3 per
cent."
In the following table ths population
for the state as a whole Is distributed
so ss to show, for 1910 and 1900. the
population of the City of Portland, the
POPULATION.
T-tal population. 1910
Ir "
ISt'H
i.-o!"!"!"
Incr-.-. 1 -I'M
I -t rnt of Increase
In-r. -4.- l-t?,,"
IVr cent ct Increase
Ijr.il are (square mile
Pilxi,a:in per square mile. 1910......
It .i al population p-r squsre mile. 1910
I r.'an an. I rural territory
Crb.Ti. isle Places of 2600 or more In Ills...
r-aine places In 1900
Ir cent of Increase. 1900-1910...........
Kuril. 191 Rr-malnder of county In 1910....
ame U rriturv In 190
IVr .-nt of increase. 1900-110
I'rt an. 1 'la.-c ot 250 or more
Kural. 1 . KemalmW of county in
r cent in piaces ct -or minr,
TOTAL POPULATION '
f (fiS'f3l ' I i
y jfjlllf j l j
liuium as issrrawrs ess sauaasj su
jllX RURAL POPULATION.
ajusssni ss awuarraMTS ess ssuias au
(' Os O""!
DKAsITT OK POrrLATIOW OF OREGOM COIXTIES AS SIIOWX BY CE.VSIS
OF 1(10.
combined population of the other cities
and towns having in 1910 over 2500 In
habitants, and ths population of ths
remainder of the state:
Class of places
The state
I'rban territory In 110
City of Portland
Cities and towna of 2(00 to 25.000, 1(10.
Kemalnuer of the state
"From this table." says ths bulletin,
-It appears that the City of Portland
Increased In population somewhat more
than twice as rapidly as the stats as
a whole, and mors than one and one
third times aa rapidly as ths group of
cities and towns having from 1500 to
25.000 inhabitants, while ths rats of in
crease in rural territory was but little
more than one-half ths rats for the
state as a whole.
-It also appears from this table that
of the total Increase in the population
of the stats during ths decade, namely,
259,229. nearly one-half was In ths City
of Portland."
Dealing with ths total population of
Oregon. Its Increase as compared with
the increass of population In the coun
try as a whols ths bulletin says:
"The population of Oregon Is 472.
745. Compared with a population of
411.534 In 1900. this represenU an In
crease during ths last decade of 25(.
229. or 2.T per cent. During the same
period the total population of conti
nental TTntted States increased 21 per
cent. The growth of the stata was a
little mors than twlcs as rapid as
during the preceding decade. 1190-1900.
"The following table shows the pop
ulation of Oregon at each Federal
census from 1850 to 1(10. lnoluslve.
together with the Increase and per
cent of Increase during each decade,
in compsrlson with the per cent of
increase for continental United States
as a whole:
Per ct.
Incrsass ovsr incr'se
preced g cens's United
No. Perct. Sta's.
259.229 .T 21.0
(5.833 80.3 20.7
143.934 81. S 25.(
83.545 93.2 30.1
18.47.8 71.3 22.S
39.171 294.7 15.
Tear.
1910...
1900...
10...
ISS0. ..
170...
10...
1850.
pop'l't'n.
S72.785
41S.SM
317.704
174.74
90.il
R2.44S
13.294
POPULATION
Tbe
State.
IBak'r
i 59.0
I 1.944
5.S33
807.060
4 592
1.051
HI 9
143.840
111 A
m.7os'!n.sJ4
4.111
:70.'9t!j S.'934l 4.(55
In 1900.
I'i'j.
,. - "..
"Oregon was organised as a ter
ritory In 1HS and appears In the
13.294, reported for 1(50, Includes
1201 returned for that portion which
fODUiauon. . 11
Inc. 1900-1(1 0-
1910. 1900. Number.
7! 7S 412 636 259.229
pet.
6 3.7
.307.060 142.840 164.220 115.0
.237.214 90.426 114.783 129.2
. 99 844 52.414 47.432 90 5
. 366.705 270.69 (5.009 35.1
i Federal census reports for the flrst
I time In 1850. The -total population.
was taken in 1S51 to form Washing
ton Territory. As shown by the above
table, during each decade since 1850
the state has shown a rapid growth,
the lowsst rate of Increase for any
decennial period being 80.2 per cent
for ths decade 1190-1(00. The most
rapid rate of growth was naturally
during the flrst few years In the his
tory of the state, the population In
creasing threefold from 1350 to 1180.
During the three following decades,
1140-1190. the population of the state
Increased more than fivefold, the per
centages of Increase ranging from
71.1 to (3.1. Between 1890 and 1910
the population more than doubled.
The numerical increase during the
last decade was nearly one and one
half times the entire population of the
state In 1810. n
"A oomparlson of the rates of In
crease for the state with those for
continental United States, as given
In the preceding table, shows tbat dur
ing every decade covered by the table
the growth of the state was more rap
Id than the growth of the country as
a whols. Ths population of the stats
In 1910 wss somewhat more than 50
tiroes as large as In 1880. while the
population of continental United States
In 1(10 was slightly less than four
times that In 1850.
"Oregon has (7 cities, of which Port
land, the largest, has a population of
207.314. and Salem, the second city, a
population of 14.094. There are also
five cities having from 6000 to 10,000,
nine having from 2500 to 6000, and
II having lees than 2500 Inhabitants.
"Portland. Salem. Eugene, Medford
and Ashland show very high rates of
Incrsase for the last decade, ranging
from 90 per cent In Ashland to 193.8
per cent In Medford. Baker City shows
the lowest rate of Increase, namely.
OF OREGON COUNTIES, WITH DECENNIAL INCREASE, DENSITY AND
ID'uar-
Coos. CroTc.lCur y 11
29.9Sl'l.106f
19.65J1J.7S5
15.233110.01
9.:Sl' T.222!
6.9S 1.255;
10,2T3f J.34l
1O.6S0
6.237
5.191
2.042
563
4.34.-.
69. C
1.046
20.2
662
10
14.0
i 044
19.674
1.S6S
14.565
1.709
1,20b:
504
176
11.864
9.69B
6.066
5.109
52.3
9.4:
S.9S0
1 am
114. 2l
14.!79; 9.316
S.K33 3.964
1,868112.875
l.S per cent. During the precedlne;
decaJo, however, there was a marker
growth In the population of this city,
the percentage of Increase being 155.9.
It will be noted that a high rate of
! Increase In population has prevailed
In Portland since lis Incorporation,
the percentage of Increase ranslng
from 4. for the decade 1890-1900 to
188.6 for the decade 1860-1870.
The following table shows the popu
lation and Increase of the seven larg
est cities:
Clt v and Census
Year.
Ashland
1910
1900
1890
18S0 ,
Astoria
1910 ,
1900
1890
1880
1870
Baker
1910
1900
1890
1880
Eugene
1!10
1900
1S90...
180
1S70
Medford
1910 i...
1900
1890
Portland
1910
1900
1890
1880
1S70
1860
Salm
1910
1900
1X90
1KS0
Popu
lation. 6.020
2,634
1.784
842
.5!9
8.381
C.184
2,803
- 639
6.742
6.66.1
2,604
1.258
9.009
3.23i
1.117
561
8.840
1,791
967
207.214
90.426
46.385
17.577
8,291
2.871
14.0O4
4.258
2.5SS
Incr. Over
Free. Census.
No. Per Ct.
1,384 90.6
850
942
47.6
111.9
1.218
2.197
3,381
2.164
14.6
35.5
120.6
333.7
79
4,059
1,34$
5.773
SS
1.2
155.9
107.0
178.4
29.7
7.049
824
393.
85.1
11.T88 129.2
44.041 94.9
28.808 163.9
9.284 111.9
6.419 188.6
0.836 231.0
Not returned separately.
"The total land area of the state is
5,607 square miles," continues
the bulletin. "The average num
ber of persons to the square mile
In 1910 was 7; In 1900 and 1890 It was
4.1 and 3.3. respectively. The average
number per square mile for continental
United States aa a whole in 1910
was 30.9,
'The density of population Is "given
by counties In accompanying tables and
maps, both for the entire population
and for that living In rural territory,
excluding In the latter case the popu
lation of places of 2600 or more, but
not excluding the land area of such
places.
"Harney County, with 9923 square
miles, has the largest area, and Mult
nomah County, with 451 square miles,
has thesmallest area. Multnomah
County, which contains the City of
Portland, has the hlRhest density of
any county, namely, 501.7 persons per
square mile. Harney. Lake and Mal
heur counties each average less than
one person per square mile."
Also of Interest Is the following
table showing the population of towns
and cities of Oregon in 1910. 1900 and
1890:
City or Town
and County.
1910 j 1(00 1890
2051 263
4,275 1,149 8,079
407 292
1751 249
317 388 356
6,020 2.634 1,784
9,599 1,381 6,184
686 70S 495
190 122
144
6.742 6,663 2.604
1,803 646 219
69
281 203
149 119
886 149
636
77
(19 698 680
904 647 264
49
687 372
364 146 304
149
336 145
761 122 634
747 311 ZVi
240 176
613. a.... ......
1.009 ""iso '.
250
1,398 728 494
469 246 ......
4.652 1,819 1,627
1,634 (74
433
167
2.124 1,271 148
453 293 304
335 193
82
623 336
196 124
262
400
1.120 603 127
147 185 263
1,242 S96 242
406
1,009 1,236
204
(09 269
811 222
1.772 1,096 66S
421 288 163
632)
891 286 229
276 234
646
423i 385
89 245
t.697 1.290 1,432
342' eeeeee
28
640
423
186
837 214 2 70
191
68 12 240
453 603 413
109
880 1,146 676
47
2.016 (80
2,331 766 201
847
283 213 117
680 821 221
1.160 (09
239 283
166 ....I.
785 653 742
415 273 207
258 282 211
725 237 249
769 606
2.768 ' 447 864
4.843 2.991 2.583
412 359 366
1,253 761
Adams, t., Umatilla
Albany, c, 1,1 nn
Amity, t., Yamhill. .
AnteloDe. c. Wasco
Arlington, c Ullllam
Ashland, c. Jackson
Astoria, c uiaiui. .
Athena, c. Umatilla.
Aurora, c, Marlon..
Austin, t-. Grant. . . .
Baker, c. Baker....
Handon. t COOS
Barlow, c, Clack'ms
Bay Cy., t., Tlllam k
Beaver Hill, t.. Coos
Beaverton, t.. Wash.
Bend, c Crook
Bourne, t.. Baker...
Brownsville, c. Linn
Burns, c. Harney.
Butteville. c Marlon
Canby, c. Clackamas
Canvon Cv. t.. Grant
Canyonv. t., Douglasi
Carlton, c. Yamhill.
Central Pt. t.. Jack'n
Clatskanle e. Col'm'a
Clatsop, t., Clatsop
Coburg. c. Lane...
Condon, c. Gilliam. .
Copperfleld t. Baker
couume. c, loos. .
Cornelius, c. Wash
Corvallls. c, Benton.
Cot. Grove, c. Lane
Cove. t.. Union...
Creswell. t , Lane. ..
Dallas, c Polk. . . .
Dayton, c Yamhill
Drain, t.. Douglas.
Drewsey, t., Harney
Dufur, t., Wasco
Dundee, t.. Yamhill.
Kastslde, t.. Coos.
Echo, c, Umatlla.
Elgin, c. Union...
Empire, c. Coos
Enterprise, t., Wal'a.
KHtacada. c uiaca a.
Eugene, c. Lane. . .
Ealrvlew, c,, Mult'h.
Falls City. t.. Polk..
Florence, t-. Lane. . .
For. Grove c. Wash.
Fossil. t. Wheeler.
Freewater c. Umat'al
Gardiner U. Douglasi
Gervals, t, Marlon..
Glendale c. Douglas
Gold Hill, i. jacuBun
Granite. L. Grant.
Grts P"s c J'sephine
Gras VaL c Sherm'nl
Greenhorn, t., Baker
Gresham c Multno b
Haines, t-. Baker....
Halfway, t. Baker..
Halaev. c Linn
Hardman t. Morrow,
Harney, c, Harney. .
Harrlaburg. c., Llnn.1
Helix, c. t-mainia..
Hennner. c. Morrow.
Hermlston c. U'tllla
Hillsboro. c. Wash'n
Hood R. c. H'd Rlvsr
Houlton. I., uoium a
Hubbard. c Marlon.
Huntingtn' t. Baker
lndepend'nce c. Polk
lone, c. Morrow
Island Cy, t.. Union.
Jacksonv. c Jackson
Jefferson. c Marlon
John Day, c. Grant.
Joseph, c, Wallowa.
Junction city. Lane.
Klam. Falls t. Klam.i
La Grande, c Cnlonl
Lafayette c. Yamhllll
Lake view, t.. Lake. . I
i-i - letTn'ri IJack-l Jos
ney. IRlverl son. Iphine
4 059
8.016
2.59S
2.559
8,016
3;i.l
543
14.8
14.S
8,016
16.0
r7J. Mwmmm
A hi,, "
PER CENT OF INCREASE OF OREGON BY COUNTIES BETWEEN CENSUSES
OF 1800 AND 1910. .
Lebanon, c. Linn.
1,820 (22 829
186
70
86 123 60
230
2,400 1,420 1,386
364
2,980 1,391 1.461
8,840 1,791 967
1,280 804 644
860
210 135
493 606
119
378 333
646 637
429 189
836 630 S54
119 59
957
2.260 945 614
721 .256 121
. 2,078
455
449
467 368 339
1.248 445
4,287 3,494 3.062
4,460 4,406 2,608
505 343
250
197
207,214 90,426 46,385
348 213 222
1,042 656 460
1.69 622 238
I 16
iri4
m 131
4,738 1,690 1,472
742 258 220
4,872
108
14.094 4.263
295 346 253
1,121 191
495
1,021 466 29
116 111
1,688 656 611
110 178 66
1,838 353 271
318 .......
703 " 324 ' 2'S1
338 .. ......
237 "'l84 "280
643
202
4.880 3,542 3,02
1,362 834
541 802
309
191
198
"1,483 837 604
992 127 121
69 62
793 243
839
886 322
63 69
149
140
499 626 661
65 :
117
876
1,616 828 406
826 264
233
Lexlnirton c. Morrow
Lonerock, c, Gilliam
Long Cr'k, t-. Grant
Lostlne, t., Wallowa.
McMlnnv. c Yamhllll
Madras, t.. Crook.
Marshfleld. t.. Coos..
Medford, c, Jackson.
Milton, t.. umatiua.
Mllwaukle. t. Clack
Mitchell, u Wheeler
Monmouth, t.. Polk.
Monument, t.. Grant.
Moro, c Sherman. ..
Mt Angel, t, Marion
Myrtle Cr.. t-, Dougl.
Myrtle Point, c. Coos
Nehalem, t.. Tin mn
New Astoria, Clats'p
N'ewberg, c, Yamhllll
NewoorL c. Lincoln
North Bend, c. Coos
N. Powder, t-. Union
Nvssa. t.. Malheur
Oakland, c Douglas
Ontario, t.. Malheur.
Or. City. Clackamas.
Pendleton c Umat'a.
Philomath c. Benton
Phoenix, t., Jackson.
Pilot Rock c. Um'tll.
Portland, c. Multn'h
Prairie Cy., t-. Grant
Prinevllle, c. Crook.
Rainier, c, Columbia,
Redmond, t.. Crook.
Richland, t.. Baker..
Riddle, t.. Douglas. .
Roseburg c Douglas
St. Helens c Colum.
St. Johns o. Multno'h
St. Paul, c, Marion
Salem, o.. Marlon..
Sclo. c. Linn
Seaside, t.. ClatsOD..
Shanlko, Wasco.. j
Sheridan, c, Yamhill
Sherwood, t., wasn.
SUverton, c Marion.
Sodavllle, t.. Linn. ..
Springfield, t-, Lane.
Stanfield, c, Umatil.
Stavton. t Marion..
Sublimity, t. Marlon
Sum'ervllle t. Union.
Summer, c. Baker. .
Sweet Home. t.. Linn
The Dalles, c. Wasco
Tillamook, c, nu m.
Toledo, c, Lincoln..
Troutdale. c. Multn.
Turner, c, Marlon. ..
Umatilla c. Umatlllal
Union, c, Lnion
Vale, c, Malheur. . ..
Veronla. t. Colum'a.
Wallowa t. Wallowa
Warrenton, o., (Jiat.
Wasco, c, Sherman.
ir....fA. T Inn
, Kwt ivu, v., ..... - -
W. Seaside t. Clats'p
Westfall, t., Malheur
weston, c umauua.
Whitney, i. Baker. .
Willamette t. Clack.
Wlllamlna, c, Yamh.
woodburn c. Marion
Tamhlll. c. Yamhill.
Yoncalla, c. Douglasi
(o.) city; (t.) town.
Rosenblatt Goes to San Francisco.
Gus Rosenblatt left last Tuesday for
Ban Francisco, to be present at the
banquet given December 30 In honor
of Charles D. Haven and Colonel a
Mason Kinne, the retiring managers
of the Liverpool London & Globe
Insurance Company, which positions
they have held for more than 30 years.
POPULATION IN URBAN AND RURAL TEBBITOBY
Kl'm-
Lin- I
I Mai- Mart- Mor-
Linnj heur. on. row.
22.662 8.601 39.780 4.857
18,603 4.203 27.713 4.151
16.265 4,601 22.93"4(- 4.205
12.676 14,576
8,717 9.965 .
4,039 4.398 12.067 206
21.8 104.6 43.5 5.0
2.S3S 1,602 4.779 54
14.4 61.6 20.8 1.3
2,243 9,883 1.194 2,025
10.1 0.9 33.3 2.2
8.2 0.9 21.5 2.2
4.275 14.094
8.149 4,258
35.8 23U0
18.387 8.601 25,686 4.357
15.454 4.203 23,455 4,151
19.0 104.6 9.5 . o.O
3.149 4.25S
15.4541 4.203 23,455 4.151
18.9 35.4
16.91 15-
S !?
3.575
4.584
115.5
390
16.0
5,999
1.4
1.0
1.811
63.6
243
9.3
7,920
0.6
0.6
1,008
6.6
5.5
4.658
2.847
63.6
5,587
8,575
56.3
1NCRSAM
fZA n m to mass. t-'
LABOR SEEKING BIGHTS
HAIUUMAN" STRIKERS GIVE OUT
PUBLIC STATEMENT,
General Strike Threatened If Men Do
Not Get Demands Blame Pnt
on Strikebreakers.
That prganized labor will, if driven
to the extremity, resort to a general
strike as a last effort to further its
right to live decently, and to receive
some fair share of the fruit labor
gets. Is the statement of the local ad
visory board of the striking union
Harrltnan employes.
In a letter to the public the commit
tee styles strikebreakers "hyenas" and
"scabs," and says they poured oil on
a union picket from the roof of a
building, and have hurled rocks at
them, but that notwithstanding these
attacks, the strike has been conducted
by the unions in an orderly and peace
able manner. The committee points
out that the strikers have not been
found carrying concealed weapons,
while the strikebreakers have.
The statement is as follows:
Believing that public opinion la the strong
est power in society, the striking- shop em
ployes of the Haniman lines wish to call the
attention of the public to the peaceable and
orderly manner In which this strike has been
conducted since last September, and is now
being- conducted.
Numerous strikers have been arrested un
der various pretexts, but not one haa been
found carrying concealed weapons. The
strikebreakers Imported for the occasion
have invariably been found armed, contrary
to law and apparently with the consent ef
the Sheriff and District Attorney. In such
personal collisions as have occurred the
strikebreakers have proved the determined
aggressors, apparently anxloue to work the
old tactics of enlisting publio opinion against
the strikers, by Inducing some act of vio
lence and charging them with It.
When It is understood that about 900 men
are on strike In Portland of all ages and
nationalities, many of them seeing suffering
In their families, because of strike condi
tions, certainly organized labor ought to re
ceive credit for aelf-control, for Intelligence
and for law-abiding Instincts In conducting
this strike so peaceably, that probably 90 per
cent of Portland's population has no idea
that the strike is still going on. It is easy
for the wealthy and the comfortable to
keep the peace. It la not so easy for the suf
fering to do so, who feel that they suffer
because of Injustice.
The strike was originally called Septem
ber 80 after repeated efforta to get the rail
road ertlclale to treat with the Federation.
But Mr. Krutachnltt refused even to meet
the delegates aa such. He expressed a will
ingness to meet the separate organisations
of which the Federation Is composed, boiler
makers, blacksmiths, carmen, sheet metal
workers and machinists, saying: "I am will
ing to meet the separate crafts; by so doing,
a few thousand men, we can handle, but
when 3,000 or 80,000 men go out It Is .too
gigantic to handle." But the weakness of
the small separate organizations acting alone
Is the very thing which made the Federa
Sher- Tilla-
Polk. man. mook.
!l3.469 4.242 6.266
9,923 3,477 4.471
7,858 1,792 2,932
6,601 970
4.701 408
3,546 765 1,795
35.7 22.0 40.1
1,913 1.685 1,539
24.3 94.0 62.5
709 836 1,125
19.0 5.1 5.6
. 19.0 6.1 5.6
13',469 V.242 V.266
9,923 3.477 4,471
35.7 22.0 40.1
V.923 V.477 V.47i
Uma
tilla. Uni'n.
2M09I16.191
18,049 16.070
13,381 12,044
9.607 6.650
2,916 2,652
2.260 121
12.5 0.8
3.271 4,026
24.4 33.4
3,173 2.087
6.4 7.8
5.0 5.4
4.460 4,843
4,406 2,991
1.2 61.9
15,849 11,348
13,643 13,079
16.2 13.2
4.406 2,991
13,643 13.079
22.0 29.9
22.4 18.6
212.086
90.426
134.5
14,175
12.741
11.3
90.426
12,741
tion necessary. So Mr. Krutscbnltfs position
was like saying: "I am willing to discuss
grievances with small bodies which I can
break separately, like tbe strikes In tha fa
ble, but 1 am not willing to let you bind
these faggots Into one bundle whioh I can
not break. For the shop employes to get
any recognition they must federate, and to
deny them the right to unite as a federa
tion is in effect to deny all rights whatever.
It is . the position taken In good faith by
so many employes, by saying. "We grant tha
right to combine In trades nnlons. but wo
also insist on -the right of every man to sell
bis labor when and how he pleases and must
stand for the open hop." al this Is r
well In theory, but tbe trouble Is that every
employer or capitalist belongs to the closest
kind of a union, namely, the Naturally Co
hesive Union of a privileged -class. Th
employing class as a whole Is a privileged
class, protected in the protective tariff. In
the ridht way and right to condemn prop
erty of the railroads. In the control or
monopoly of money and banking. In the oon
trol or monopoly of mines, forests, water,
land. While the laborer is wholly unpro
tected, he must work to eat and Is In com
petition to live with every other laborer,
man. woman or child. When the privileged
cla?s will consent to Its own open shop, then
there maj be an open shop for labor and
each 'man may be free, but until then the
only hope for labor Is the lessening of his
own cut-throat competition with himself by
a solid organization to act as one. Henoe it
Is that the "scab" Is the foe of his own
els. He refuses to make solid labor's llfe
savtng organization and help break up labor's
only present defense against the superior
power and natural solidarity of capital.
The striking shop employes of the Hani
man system want the people to know what
they are strlkiag for. It Is not for wages or
hours alone, but thoy are now striking to
gsln for labor something of that same solid
arity, cohesion and harmony of Interest
which capital naturally possesses and whloU
labor must have or sink to' the degraded
condition of absolute slavery, drawing such
wages and having such rights as the privi
leged emploer chooses to allow. No coun
try ever has survived or ever will survive
such a degraded condition of Its people and
the self-interest of every person, even the
capitalists if they did but know It, Is in
securing to labor Just recognition.
We are not going Into the potty persecu
tions to which we have been subjected by
strikebreakers: such as pouring oil on our
pickets from the roof of a building, hurling
rocks from places of ooncealment. We
know that the strikebreaker is a mere hire
ling following his business for pay and sent
In by professional detective agencies. Such
hvenss will always be found prowling
around. What we do desire the publio to
notice is the absolute peace and law-abiding
character of this strike, notwithstanding
many provocations we want our fellow cltl
sens to know what the strike means and
that It was forced on us by a refusal even
to meet and discuss with us and by dis
charging without cause many of our breth
ren at the commencement of Winter appar
ently to force the strike, and lately that we
must and shall win or otherwise we sink
Into slavery and that the Inmost meaning
of the strike Is that labor is one. that labor
must and will stand together, that the cause
of every form of labor Is the cause of every
other form, and that If driven to extremity,
all labor will unite as Mil And In further
ance of Its right to live and to live deoently
and to receive some fair share of the fruit
labor gets, it will resort to the general strike
as ltB last and most effective protest against
manhood slavery.
Sli-ned by the local advisory board of ths
Barriman system.
H. WEBER, Blacksmith and Helpera
C. F. WOHLPOBTH, Boilermakers and
Helpera
3. W. FARNASKY. Sheet Metal Workers.
JOS. VANA. Carmen.
C. R. MERRILL. Machinists and Helpers.
LIFE FULL OF SERUMS
Correspondent Sends Account of Ono
Man's Experience.
PORTLAND. Deo. 28. (To the Edi
tor.) In The Oregonian today I read
that at a meeting of a Portland medi
cal society Tuesday evening part of
the programme was devoted to a con
sideration of serum therapy. The edi
tor of the Sacramento Star has also
been giving consideration to the same
theme. He recently expressed himself
on the subject as follows. His re
marks are so appropriate to the occa
sion that I quote them herewith:
Once upon a time, not so very long ago,
a boy was born and they named him Willie.
It not being cultured or fashionable and It
being detrimental to the wearing of corsets
and participation In social functions, this
boys mother did not nurse him. but he was
put on the bottle. Fortunately, a learned
scientist had discovered how -to Pasteurize
milk, se that the boy did pretty weU on
most any old cow's milk.
When this boy wss two years old, he
caught the whooping cough. Fortunately,
Professor Bordet, of Brussels, bad discov
ered that anti-toxin serum from a cat would
cure whooping cough, and some cat serum
waa Injected into Willie.
Soon after Willie got about sgaln, he waa
taken with the measlea Fortunately. Doc
tor John P. Anderson, of Washington, had
discovered that anti-toxin serum from a
monkey would cure tbe measlea 80, they
pumped monkey serum bite the boy, and
tbe measles didn't kill him.
One day, Willie was playing with his pet
terrier, when the dog scratched him. 60,
his folks, fearing hydrophobia in Its worst
form, rushed him down to New Jersey where
there Is a great Institute In honor of Pro
fessor Pasteur, who, fortunately, discovered
that antl-toxln serum from a dog was a tins
thing for rabies. They pumped dog serum
Into little Willie for two months.
Willie pulled through nicely, but en ths
way home rode In a Pullman sleeper In
which a smallpox case bad been dlscovsred.
Fortunately, Doctor Jenner had discovered
that antl-texin serum from a cow would
cure smallpox and so, on getting home, they
pricked some cow serum lnte Willie's arm.
Well, Willie lived along until be was tea
yeara old, when, one night, his folks were
sent Into a panic by discovering that he had
black diphtheria Fortunately, a noted phy
sician naa mwuyeiw ' -
from a horse would cure diphtheria. If any
thing would, so they gave Willie some horse
serum, hypodermlcally.
Finally, at 40 years of age, Willie waj
taken with a mysterious malady. None ol
the doctors could tell definitely what H
was. At last, as Willis was very low. a
very learned scientist from a great Eastern
Institute visited him and pronounced It
general debility." "But, cheer up. my man!
said the scientist, "I have here an antl-
to"Nofrmore menagerie In mine," sighed
Willie. "Life has been but one blamed
serum after another." Whereupon he turned
over and died, much to the regret of th
scientist, who felt sure that he was about
to enrich medical science with another great
discovery, since be was about to try serum
from a hen and from an alligator on "gen
eral debility."
RENT A NEW PIANO.
New pianos to rent at $4 per monthi
rent allowed on purchase. The Wiley
B Allen Co., cor. 7th and Morrison.
Wal- Was-1 W'sh-IWh'l-IYam-
lowa.1 co lnnt.ni er. 1 uni.
8,364116,336
5,53S13,199
21.622;
2.484
2,443
18,285
13,420
10,692
14,467
11,972
7,082
4,261
11.120
2,509
3,137
23.8
7,945
6,012
4,865
36.3
2,4?8
23.3
714
25.6
25.6
2,826
51.0
1.877
51.3
7.055
48.8
3.734
40.7
2,343
7.0
4.9
2.495
20.8
731
29.4
29.4
3,145
2
2.7
4,8801
3.542
37 k
SC4 11 456 21.522 2.484 18,280
5!538 9.657 14,467 2,443 13,420
61.0 18.6 48.0 l.l 00.0
I ? &l?
5",6S8 9!657 14,467 2,443 13.420
Z9.9
26.8
n 1810, 19,472; same territory
,-r r.ni in iu fi . j v. ,. . .....
V