TyE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, DECE3IBER 31. 1911. 13 OREGON'S GROWTH GREATER IN CITIES THAN IN COUNTRY Latest Censu3 Bulletin Contains Much New and Interesting Information Concerning Population Increase in This State Y MAXT new and interesting facts concerning Oregon's growth In population to (72.765 In 1910. bearing both on the state as a whole and on Its subdivisions arc contained in a bulletin that has Just been Issued by the Bureau of the Census. Although the population of Ore gon cities and counties was announced months aro. the latest bulletin (tires In more detail the various phases of popu lation Increase, drawing Interesting comparisons, such as the relative In crease In urban and' rural population , during t::e decade ending In 1910. when the census was taken. In Oregon, the bulletin shows, the proportionate gain in urban population over rural population was even greater during the de-ade than In the countrr as a whole. This growth of the towns and consequent loss or relatively small growth of the country districts Is a phase of the 1910 census In the I'nlted States as a whole that has attracted great sttentlon. The fact that the titles are becoming larger without a proportionately greater supporting rural population has done much to stimulate Interest In the "back to the soil" movement. Comparing the urban and rural popu lation ot uregon. the census bulletin say n : "The urban territory of the state In 1910 that la the cities and Incorporat ed towns of 2500 inhabitants or more contained 307.010 Inhabitants, or 45 per cent of the total population, whllo 365. 70S Inhabitants, or r.4.4 per cent. Jived In rural territory. Ths urban ter . rltory as It existed In 1)00 that Is. the cities and Incorporated towns then hav. Ir.if lOOO inhabitants or more con tained 131. Mo Inhabitants, or Ji 2 per cent of the total population, wlilie 280. 256 Inhabitants, or 67. S per rent, lived In rural territory. There has thus been a larae Increase In the proportion of urban population. For continental United States as a whole the urban population constituted 44.3 per cent of the total population In 1910 and 40 6 per cent ef the total population In 1900. "In 1910 Portland s proportion of ths total population ef the slate was 30.1 per cent. or nearly one and one-half times Its proportion In 19" and more than twice Its proportion In 1850. The proportion of the population of the state In the other urban places In 1910. 1900 and 190 was 14. S. 10 3 and It I per cent. respectively. "The urban population of ths stats In 110 mas contained In I cities and two towna Of the total population. 13.3 per cent was contained In 153 cities and Incorporated towns of less than 2500 Inhabitants ea. h and 41 per cent In unincorporated territory. -The 153 cities and towna of leas than 1500 Inhabitants each have an ag gregate population of 99.742. These places comprise 27 having from 1000 to 2500 Inhabitants each. with a com bined population of 42.549: 31 having from too to lofle Inhabitants each, with a combined population of 22.177; and 95 having less than 500 Inhabitants each, with a combined population of 24.S97. "In all cities and Incorporated towns. Including those of less than i5u0 In habitants, thera was In 1910 a popula tion of 39C.903. or 59 per rent of the population of the state. The popula tion of all cities and Incorporated towns, as they existed In 1900. was 192. (41. or 41.4 per cent of the population of the state." Many of these facta are shown at a glance In the following table, which presents the population of Oregon at the Federal censuses of 1910. 1900 and 1(90, distributed among cities and towns grouped according to specified limits o population, together with the percentage of the total population In each group at each of the censuses named: m Per Cent of To- 1(10. 1(. l'0. tal Population. CLASS OF PLACES. N'mberl N'mberl N'mberl ...J.... of IPopula- of IPopula- of Popula- 1(10. 1(00. 1890. places.) tfon. places.l tlon. places. tlon. ITTerrl.ory HlZlJZ 11 TiTIsO 10 85.098 45.8 11.2 J..8 i tii- ar.d tw ns f , A-w 10 8 f: lurid red thousand Inhabitants or more 1 3t.J14 Via r'ifiv Ih-unand to one hundred thousand Inhabitants . ij.: ' I't :v-fiv th.uan. to lifly thousand Inhabitants . "Vi """ I? Trr tn.m.an.l t.. taenty-flve thouand Inhabitants 1 14.0(4 ' "'"j . ii n. il...ut,.l to un thnu-anJ inhabitants. J9.210 2 15.044 2 11.311 J 8 1.6 .( T- t..;...-r.l f.v. hundred lo f.v. thousand inhabitant... ttll Sllltf ll'tVillt !r;:,ri:;wn.vf-,;ai-,-han:5.o i " 10ltltil "tliHl i Hi ,i niurr rural territory 1.S3 sa.ssi "' T. tal population ? ' 1 ' 17-70 l-OUoMlOtJ "In or.ler to ebmpare ths rate ef growth In urban and rural communities, it 1 necessary in each case to consider the chantct'S In population which hava occurred In the same territory from one decennial census to another," continues the bulletin "With this end In view places classed as urban ar rural, ac cording to their population In 1910. are aken as a ba.it. and the segregate pop ulation In 1910 and In 1900 of the same places Is then compared. The total pop ulation In 1910 of the cttles and towns which at tbat time had 2500 Inhabi tants or more was 107.00; In 1900 the total population of these same places was 143.4n. It may be noted tbat the latter ngure exceeds the total popula tion In lnA of the cities and towns which at that time had over 2500 In habitants each. 131.1i'. by 9660. Tha difference I the result of ths passage, since 1900, of certain communities from the raral to tbs urban class and of aanezattons of territory during the aama period. -A comparison of the total popula tion in 1910 of cities and towns having a population of not less than 2500 each with the total population of the same places In 1900. shows an Increase of 111 per cent. This represents ths rate ef growth of urban communities as thus denned. During the same penoa the rural population, comprising that of ths remainder of ths state. Increased ti.1 per cent. The population of urban areas thus Increased more than three times as fast as rural. For continental United States as a whols urban popula tion Increased J4. per cent In the last decade and rural population 11.3 per cent." In the following table ths population for the state as a whole Is distributed so ss to show, for 1910 and 1900. the population of the City of Portland, the POPULATION. T-tal population. 1910 Ir " ISt'H i.-o!"!"!" Incr-.-. 1 -I'M I -t rnt of Increase In-r. -4.- l-t?,," IVr cent ct Increase Ijr.il are (square mile Pilxi,a:in per square mile. 1910...... It .i al population p-r squsre mile. 1910 I r.'an an. I rural territory Crb.Ti. isle Places of 2600 or more In Ills... r-aine places In 1900 Ir cent of Increase. 1900-1910........... Kuril. 191 Rr-malnder of county In 1910.... ame U rriturv In 190 IVr .-nt of increase. 1900-110 I'rt an. 1 'la.-c ot 250 or more Kural. 1 . KemalmW of county in r cent in piaces ct -or minr, TOTAL POPULATION ' f (fiS'f3l ' I i y jfjlllf j l j liuium as issrrawrs ess sauaasj su jllX RURAL POPULATION. ajusssni ss awuarraMTS ess ssuias au (' Os O""! DKAsITT OK POrrLATIOW OF OREGOM COIXTIES AS SIIOWX BY CE.VSIS OF 1(10. combined population of the other cities and towns having in 1910 over 2500 In habitants, and ths population of ths remainder of the state: Class of places The state I'rban territory In 110 City of Portland Cities and towna of 2(00 to 25.000, 1(10. Kemalnuer of the state "From this table." says ths bulletin, -It appears that the City of Portland Increased In population somewhat more than twice as rapidly as the stats as a whole, and mors than one and one third times aa rapidly as ths group of cities and towns having from 1500 to 25.000 inhabitants, while ths rats of in crease in rural territory was but little more than one-half ths rats for the state as a whole. -It also appears from this table that of the total Increase in the population of the stats during ths decade, namely, 259,229. nearly one-half was In ths City of Portland." Dealing with ths total population of Oregon. Its Increase as compared with the increass of population In the coun try as a whols ths bulletin says: "The population of Oregon Is 472. 745. Compared with a population of 411.534 In 1900. this represenU an In crease during ths last decade of 25(. 229. or 2.T per cent. During the same period the total population of conti nental TTntted States increased 21 per cent. The growth of the stata was a little mors than twlcs as rapid as during the preceding decade. 1190-1900. "The following table shows the pop ulation of Oregon at each Federal census from 1850 to 1(10. lnoluslve. together with the Increase and per cent of Increase during each decade, in compsrlson with the per cent of increase for continental United States as a whole: Per ct. Incrsass ovsr incr'se preced g cens's United No. Perct. Sta's. 259.229 .T 21.0 (5.833 80.3 20.7 143.934 81. S 25.( 83.545 93.2 30.1 18.47.8 71.3 22.S 39.171 294.7 15. Tear. 1910... 1900... 10... ISS0. .. 170... 10... 1850. pop'l't'n. S72.785 41S.SM 317.704 174.74 90.il R2.44S 13.294 POPULATION Tbe State. IBak'r i 59.0 I 1.944 5.S33 807.060 4 592 1.051 HI 9 143.840 111 A m.7os'!n.sJ4 4.111 :70.'9t!j S.'934l 4.(55 In 1900. I'i'j. ,. - ".. "Oregon was organised as a ter ritory In 1HS and appears In the 13.294, reported for 1(50, Includes 1201 returned for that portion which fODUiauon. . 11 Inc. 1900-1(1 0- 1910. 1900. Number. 7! 7S 412 636 259.229 pet. 6 3.7 .307.060 142.840 164.220 115.0 .237.214 90.426 114.783 129.2 . 99 844 52.414 47.432 90 5 . 366.705 270.69 (5.009 35.1 i Federal census reports for the flrst I time In 1850. The -total population. was taken in 1S51 to form Washing ton Territory. As shown by the above table, during each decade since 1850 the state has shown a rapid growth, the lowsst rate of Increase for any decennial period being 80.2 per cent for ths decade 1190-1(00. The most rapid rate of growth was naturally during the flrst few years In the his tory of the state, the population In creasing threefold from 1350 to 1180. During the three following decades, 1140-1190. the population of the state Increased more than fivefold, the per centages of Increase ranging from 71.1 to (3.1. Between 1890 and 1910 the population more than doubled. The numerical increase during the last decade was nearly one and one half times the entire population of the state In 1810. n "A oomparlson of the rates of In crease for the state with those for continental United States, as given In the preceding table, shows tbat dur ing every decade covered by the table the growth of the state was more rap Id than the growth of the country as a whols. Ths population of the stats In 1910 wss somewhat more than 50 tiroes as large as In 1880. while the population of continental United States In 1(10 was slightly less than four times that In 1850. "Oregon has (7 cities, of which Port land, the largest, has a population of 207.314. and Salem, the second city, a population of 14.094. There are also five cities having from 6000 to 10,000, nine having from 2500 to 6000, and II having lees than 2500 Inhabitants. "Portland. Salem. Eugene, Medford and Ashland show very high rates of Incrsase for the last decade, ranging from 90 per cent In Ashland to 193.8 per cent In Medford. Baker City shows the lowest rate of Increase, namely. OF OREGON COUNTIES, WITH DECENNIAL INCREASE, DENSITY AND ID'uar- Coos. CroTc.lCur y 11 29.9Sl'l.106f 19.65J1J.7S5 15.233110.01 9.:Sl' T.222! 6.9S 1.255; 10,2T3f J.34l 1O.6S0 6.237 5.191 2.042 563 4.34.-. 69. C 1.046 20.2 662 10 14.0 i 044 19.674 1.S6S 14.565 1.709 1,20b: 504 176 11.864 9.69B 6.066 5.109 52.3 9.4: S.9S0 1 am 114. 2l 14.!79; 9.316 S.K33 3.964 1,868112.875 l.S per cent. During the precedlne; decaJo, however, there was a marker growth In the population of this city, the percentage of Increase being 155.9. It will be noted that a high rate of ! Increase In population has prevailed In Portland since lis Incorporation, the percentage of Increase ranslng from 4. for the decade 1890-1900 to 188.6 for the decade 1860-1870. The following table shows the popu lation and Increase of the seven larg est cities: Clt v and Census Year. Ashland 1910 1900 1890 18S0 , Astoria 1910 , 1900 1890 1880 1870 Baker 1910 1900 1890 1880 Eugene 1!10 1900 1S90... 180 1S70 Medford 1910 i... 1900 1890 Portland 1910 1900 1890 1880 1S70 1860 Salm 1910 1900 1X90 1KS0 Popu lation. 6.020 2,634 1.784 842 .5!9 8.381 C.184 2,803 - 639 6.742 6.66.1 2,604 1.258 9.009 3.23i 1.117 561 8.840 1,791 967 207.214 90.426 46.385 17.577 8,291 2.871 14.0O4 4.258 2.5SS Incr. Over Free. Census. No. Per Ct. 1,384 90.6 850 942 47.6 111.9 1.218 2.197 3,381 2.164 14.6 35.5 120.6 333.7 79 4,059 1,34$ 5.773 SS 1.2 155.9 107.0 178.4 29.7 7.049 824 393. 85.1 11.T88 129.2 44.041 94.9 28.808 163.9 9.284 111.9 6.419 188.6 0.836 231.0 Not returned separately. "The total land area of the state is 5,607 square miles," continues the bulletin. "The average num ber of persons to the square mile In 1910 was 7; In 1900 and 1890 It was 4.1 and 3.3. respectively. The average number per square mile for continental United States aa a whole in 1910 was 30.9, 'The density of population Is "given by counties In accompanying tables and maps, both for the entire population and for that living In rural territory, excluding In the latter case the popu lation of places of 2600 or more, but not excluding the land area of such places. "Harney County, with 9923 square miles, has the largest area, and Mult nomah County, with 451 square miles, has thesmallest area. Multnomah County, which contains the City of Portland, has the hlRhest density of any county, namely, 501.7 persons per square mile. Harney. Lake and Mal heur counties each average less than one person per square mile." Also of Interest Is the following table showing the population of towns and cities of Oregon in 1910. 1900 and 1890: City or Town and County. 1910 j 1(00 1890 2051 263 4,275 1,149 8,079 407 292 1751 249 317 388 356 6,020 2.634 1,784 9,599 1,381 6,184 686 70S 495 190 122 144 6.742 6,663 2.604 1,803 646 219 69 281 203 149 119 886 149 636 77 (19 698 680 904 647 264 49 687 372 364 146 304 149 336 145 761 122 634 747 311 ZVi 240 176 613. a.... ...... 1.009 ""iso '. 250 1,398 728 494 469 246 ...... 4.652 1,819 1,627 1,634 (74 433 167 2.124 1,271 148 453 293 304 335 193 82 623 336 196 124 262 400 1.120 603 127 147 185 263 1,242 S96 242 406 1,009 1,236 204 (09 269 811 222 1.772 1,096 66S 421 288 163 632) 891 286 229 276 234 646 423i 385 89 245 t.697 1.290 1,432 342' eeeeee 28 640 423 186 837 214 2 70 191 68 12 240 453 603 413 109 880 1,146 676 47 2.016 (80 2,331 766 201 847 283 213 117 680 821 221 1.160 (09 239 283 166 ....I. 785 653 742 415 273 207 258 282 211 725 237 249 769 606 2.768 ' 447 864 4.843 2.991 2.583 412 359 366 1,253 761 Adams, t., Umatilla Albany, c, 1,1 nn Amity, t., Yamhill. . AnteloDe. c. Wasco Arlington, c Ullllam Ashland, c. Jackson Astoria, c uiaiui. . Athena, c. Umatilla. Aurora, c, Marlon.. Austin, t-. Grant. . . . Baker, c. Baker.... Handon. t COOS Barlow, c, Clack'ms Bay Cy., t., Tlllam k Beaver Hill, t.. Coos Beaverton, t.. Wash. Bend, c Crook Bourne, t.. Baker... Brownsville, c. Linn Burns, c. Harney. Butteville. c Marlon Canby, c. Clackamas Canvon Cv. t.. Grant Canyonv. t., Douglasi Carlton, c. Yamhill. Central Pt. t.. Jack'n Clatskanle e. Col'm'a Clatsop, t., Clatsop Coburg. c. Lane... Condon, c. Gilliam. . Copperfleld t. Baker couume. c, loos. . Cornelius, c. Wash Corvallls. c, Benton. Cot. Grove, c. Lane Cove. t.. Union... Creswell. t , Lane. .. Dallas, c Polk. . . . Dayton, c Yamhill Drain, t.. Douglas. Drewsey, t., Harney Dufur, t., Wasco Dundee, t.. Yamhill. Kastslde, t.. Coos. Echo, c, Umatlla. Elgin, c. Union... Empire, c. Coos Enterprise, t., Wal'a. KHtacada. c uiaca a. Eugene, c. Lane. . . Ealrvlew, c,, Mult'h. Falls City. t.. Polk.. Florence, t-. Lane. . . For. Grove c. Wash. Fossil. t. Wheeler. Freewater c. Umat'al Gardiner U. Douglasi Gervals, t, Marlon.. Glendale c. Douglas Gold Hill, i. jacuBun Granite. L. Grant. Grts P"s c J'sephine Gras VaL c Sherm'nl Greenhorn, t., Baker Gresham c Multno b Haines, t-. Baker.... Halfway, t. Baker.. Halaev. c Linn Hardman t. Morrow, Harney, c, Harney. . Harrlaburg. c., Llnn.1 Helix, c. t-mainia.. Hennner. c. Morrow. Hermlston c. U'tllla Hillsboro. c. Wash'n Hood R. c. H'd Rlvsr Houlton. I., uoium a Hubbard. c Marlon. Huntingtn' t. Baker lndepend'nce c. Polk lone, c. Morrow Island Cy, t.. Union. Jacksonv. c Jackson Jefferson. c Marlon John Day, c. Grant. Joseph, c, Wallowa. Junction city. Lane. Klam. Falls t. Klam.i La Grande, c Cnlonl Lafayette c. Yamhllll Lake view, t.. Lake. . I i-i - letTn'ri IJack-l Jos ney. IRlverl son. Iphine 4 059 8.016 2.59S 2.559 8,016 3;i.l 543 14.8 14.S 8,016 16.0 r7J. Mwmmm A hi,, " PER CENT OF INCREASE OF OREGON BY COUNTIES BETWEEN CENSUSES OF 1800 AND 1910. . Lebanon, c. Linn. 1,820 (22 829 186 70 86 123 60 230 2,400 1,420 1,386 364 2,980 1,391 1.461 8,840 1,791 967 1,280 804 644 860 210 135 493 606 119 378 333 646 637 429 189 836 630 S54 119 59 957 2.260 945 614 721 .256 121 . 2,078 455 449 467 368 339 1.248 445 4,287 3,494 3.062 4,460 4,406 2,608 505 343 250 197 207,214 90,426 46,385 348 213 222 1,042 656 460 1.69 622 238 I 16 iri4 m 131 4,738 1,690 1,472 742 258 220 4,872 108 14.094 4.263 295 346 253 1,121 191 495 1,021 466 29 116 111 1,688 656 611 110 178 66 1,838 353 271 318 ....... 703 " 324 ' 2'S1 338 .. ...... 237 "'l84 "280 643 202 4.880 3,542 3,02 1,362 834 541 802 309 191 198 "1,483 837 604 992 127 121 69 62 793 243 839 886 322 63 69 149 140 499 626 661 65 : 117 876 1,616 828 406 826 264 233 Lexlnirton c. Morrow Lonerock, c, Gilliam Long Cr'k, t-. Grant Lostlne, t., Wallowa. McMlnnv. c Yamhllll Madras, t.. Crook. Marshfleld. t.. Coos.. Medford, c, Jackson. Milton, t.. umatiua. Mllwaukle. t. Clack Mitchell, u Wheeler Monmouth, t.. Polk. Monument, t.. Grant. Moro, c Sherman. .. Mt Angel, t, Marion Myrtle Cr.. t-, Dougl. Myrtle Point, c. Coos Nehalem, t.. Tin mn New Astoria, Clats'p N'ewberg, c, Yamhllll NewoorL c. Lincoln North Bend, c. Coos N. Powder, t-. Union Nvssa. t.. Malheur Oakland, c Douglas Ontario, t.. Malheur. Or. City. Clackamas. Pendleton c Umat'a. Philomath c. Benton Phoenix, t., Jackson. Pilot Rock c. Um'tll. Portland, c. Multn'h Prairie Cy., t-. Grant Prinevllle, c. Crook. Rainier, c, Columbia, Redmond, t.. Crook. Richland, t.. Baker.. Riddle, t.. Douglas. . Roseburg c Douglas St. Helens c Colum. St. Johns o. Multno'h St. Paul, c, Marion Salem, o.. Marlon.. Sclo. c. Linn Seaside, t.. ClatsOD.. Shanlko, Wasco.. j Sheridan, c, Yamhill Sherwood, t., wasn. SUverton, c Marion. Sodavllle, t.. Linn. .. Springfield, t-, Lane. Stanfield, c, Umatil. Stavton. t Marion.. Sublimity, t. Marlon Sum'ervllle t. Union. Summer, c. Baker. . Sweet Home. t.. Linn The Dalles, c. Wasco Tillamook, c, nu m. Toledo, c, Lincoln.. Troutdale. c. Multn. Turner, c, Marlon. .. Umatilla c. Umatlllal Union, c, Lnion Vale, c, Malheur. . .. Veronla. t. Colum'a. Wallowa t. Wallowa Warrenton, o., (Jiat. Wasco, c, Sherman. ir....fA. T Inn , Kwt ivu, v., ..... - - W. Seaside t. Clats'p Westfall, t., Malheur weston, c umauua. Whitney, i. Baker. . Willamette t. Clack. Wlllamlna, c, Yamh. woodburn c. Marion Tamhlll. c. Yamhill. Yoncalla, c. Douglasi (o.) city; (t.) town. Rosenblatt Goes to San Francisco. Gus Rosenblatt left last Tuesday for Ban Francisco, to be present at the banquet given December 30 In honor of Charles D. Haven and Colonel a Mason Kinne, the retiring managers of the Liverpool London & Globe Insurance Company, which positions they have held for more than 30 years. POPULATION IN URBAN AND RURAL TEBBITOBY Kl'm- Lin- I I Mai- Mart- Mor- Linnj heur. on. row. 22.662 8.601 39.780 4.857 18,603 4.203 27.713 4.151 16.265 4,601 22.93"4(- 4.205 12.676 14,576 8,717 9.965 . 4,039 4.398 12.067 206 21.8 104.6 43.5 5.0 2.S3S 1,602 4.779 54 14.4 61.6 20.8 1.3 2,243 9,883 1.194 2,025 10.1 0.9 33.3 2.2 8.2 0.9 21.5 2.2 4.275 14.094 8.149 4,258 35.8 23U0 18.387 8.601 25,686 4.357 15.454 4.203 23,455 4,151 19.0 104.6 9.5 . o.O 3.149 4.25S 15.4541 4.203 23,455 4.151 18.9 35.4 16.91 15- S !? 3.575 4.584 115.5 390 16.0 5,999 1.4 1.0 1.811 63.6 243 9.3 7,920 0.6 0.6 1,008 6.6 5.5 4.658 2.847 63.6 5,587 8,575 56.3 1NCRSAM fZA n m to mass. t-' LABOR SEEKING BIGHTS HAIUUMAN" STRIKERS GIVE OUT PUBLIC STATEMENT, General Strike Threatened If Men Do Not Get Demands Blame Pnt on Strikebreakers. That prganized labor will, if driven to the extremity, resort to a general strike as a last effort to further its right to live decently, and to receive some fair share of the fruit labor gets. Is the statement of the local ad visory board of the striking union Harrltnan employes. In a letter to the public the commit tee styles strikebreakers "hyenas" and "scabs," and says they poured oil on a union picket from the roof of a building, and have hurled rocks at them, but that notwithstanding these attacks, the strike has been conducted by the unions in an orderly and peace able manner. The committee points out that the strikers have not been found carrying concealed weapons, while the strikebreakers have. The statement is as follows: Believing that public opinion la the strong est power in society, the striking- shop em ployes of the Haniman lines wish to call the attention of the public to the peaceable and orderly manner In which this strike has been conducted since last September, and is now being- conducted. Numerous strikers have been arrested un der various pretexts, but not one haa been found carrying concealed weapons. The strikebreakers Imported for the occasion have invariably been found armed, contrary to law and apparently with the consent ef the Sheriff and District Attorney. In such personal collisions as have occurred the strikebreakers have proved the determined aggressors, apparently anxloue to work the old tactics of enlisting publio opinion against the strikers, by Inducing some act of vio lence and charging them with It. When It is understood that about 900 men are on strike In Portland of all ages and nationalities, many of them seeing suffering In their families, because of strike condi tions, certainly organized labor ought to re ceive credit for aelf-control, for Intelligence and for law-abiding Instincts In conducting this strike so peaceably, that probably 90 per cent of Portland's population has no idea that the strike is still going on. It is easy for the wealthy and the comfortable to keep the peace. It la not so easy for the suf fering to do so, who feel that they suffer because of Injustice. The strike was originally called Septem ber 80 after repeated efforta to get the rail road ertlclale to treat with the Federation. But Mr. Krutachnltt refused even to meet the delegates aa such. He expressed a will ingness to meet the separate organisations of which the Federation Is composed, boiler makers, blacksmiths, carmen, sheet metal workers and machinists, saying: "I am will ing to meet the separate crafts; by so doing, a few thousand men, we can handle, but when 3,000 or 80,000 men go out It Is .too gigantic to handle." But the weakness of the small separate organizations acting alone Is the very thing which made the Federa Sher- Tilla- Polk. man. mook. !l3.469 4.242 6.266 9,923 3,477 4.471 7,858 1,792 2,932 6,601 970 4.701 408 3,546 765 1,795 35.7 22.0 40.1 1,913 1.685 1,539 24.3 94.0 62.5 709 836 1,125 19.0 5.1 5.6 . 19.0 6.1 5.6 13',469 V.242 V.266 9,923 3.477 4,471 35.7 22.0 40.1 V.923 V.477 V.47i Uma tilla. Uni'n. 2M09I16.191 18,049 16.070 13,381 12,044 9.607 6.650 2,916 2,652 2.260 121 12.5 0.8 3.271 4,026 24.4 33.4 3,173 2.087 6.4 7.8 5.0 5.4 4.460 4,843 4,406 2,991 1.2 61.9 15,849 11,348 13,643 13,079 16.2 13.2 4.406 2,991 13,643 13.079 22.0 29.9 22.4 18.6 212.086 90.426 134.5 14,175 12.741 11.3 90.426 12,741 tion necessary. So Mr. Krutscbnltfs position was like saying: "I am willing to discuss grievances with small bodies which I can break separately, like tbe strikes In tha fa ble, but 1 am not willing to let you bind these faggots Into one bundle whioh I can not break. For the shop employes to get any recognition they must federate, and to deny them the right to unite as a federa tion is in effect to deny all rights whatever. It is . the position taken In good faith by so many employes, by saying. "We grant tha right to combine In trades nnlons. but wo also insist on -the right of every man to sell bis labor when and how he pleases and must stand for the open hop." al this Is r well In theory, but tbe trouble Is that every employer or capitalist belongs to the closest kind of a union, namely, the Naturally Co hesive Union of a privileged -class. Th employing class as a whole Is a privileged class, protected in the protective tariff. In the ridht way and right to condemn prop erty of the railroads. In the control or monopoly of money and banking. In the oon trol or monopoly of mines, forests, water, land. While the laborer is wholly unpro tected, he must work to eat and Is In com petition to live with every other laborer, man. woman or child. When the privileged cla?s will consent to Its own open shop, then there maj be an open shop for labor and each 'man may be free, but until then the only hope for labor Is the lessening of his own cut-throat competition with himself by a solid organization to act as one. Henoe it Is that the "scab" Is the foe of his own els. He refuses to make solid labor's llfe savtng organization and help break up labor's only present defense against the superior power and natural solidarity of capital. The striking shop employes of the Hani man system want the people to know what they are strlkiag for. It Is not for wages or hours alone, but thoy are now striking to gsln for labor something of that same solid arity, cohesion and harmony of Interest which capital naturally possesses and whloU labor must have or sink to' the degraded condition of absolute slavery, drawing such wages and having such rights as the privi leged emploer chooses to allow. No coun try ever has survived or ever will survive such a degraded condition of Its people and the self-interest of every person, even the capitalists if they did but know It, Is in securing to labor Just recognition. We are not going Into the potty persecu tions to which we have been subjected by strikebreakers: such as pouring oil on our pickets from the roof of a building, hurling rocks from places of ooncealment. We know that the strikebreaker is a mere hire ling following his business for pay and sent In by professional detective agencies. Such hvenss will always be found prowling around. What we do desire the publio to notice is the absolute peace and law-abiding character of this strike, notwithstanding many provocations we want our fellow cltl sens to know what the strike means and that It was forced on us by a refusal even to meet and discuss with us and by dis charging without cause many of our breth ren at the commencement of Winter appar ently to force the strike, and lately that we must and shall win or otherwise we sink Into slavery and that the Inmost meaning of the strike Is that labor is one. that labor must and will stand together, that the cause of every form of labor Is the cause of every other form, and that If driven to extremity, all labor will unite as Mil And In further ance of Its right to live and to live deoently and to receive some fair share of the fruit labor gets, it will resort to the general strike as ltB last and most effective protest against manhood slavery. Sli-ned by the local advisory board of ths Barriman system. H. WEBER, Blacksmith and Helpera C. F. WOHLPOBTH, Boilermakers and Helpera 3. W. FARNASKY. Sheet Metal Workers. JOS. VANA. Carmen. C. R. MERRILL. Machinists and Helpers. LIFE FULL OF SERUMS Correspondent Sends Account of Ono Man's Experience. PORTLAND. Deo. 28. (To the Edi tor.) In The Oregonian today I read that at a meeting of a Portland medi cal society Tuesday evening part of the programme was devoted to a con sideration of serum therapy. The edi tor of the Sacramento Star has also been giving consideration to the same theme. He recently expressed himself on the subject as follows. His re marks are so appropriate to the occa sion that I quote them herewith: Once upon a time, not so very long ago, a boy was born and they named him Willie. It not being cultured or fashionable and It being detrimental to the wearing of corsets and participation In social functions, this boys mother did not nurse him. but he was put on the bottle. Fortunately, a learned scientist had discovered how -to Pasteurize milk, se that the boy did pretty weU on most any old cow's milk. When this boy wss two years old, he caught the whooping cough. Fortunately, Professor Bordet, of Brussels, bad discov ered that anti-toxin serum from a cat would cure whooping cough, and some cat serum waa Injected into Willie. Soon after Willie got about sgaln, he waa taken with the measlea Fortunately. Doc tor John P. Anderson, of Washington, had discovered that anti-toxin serum from a monkey would cure tbe measlea 80, they pumped monkey serum bite the boy, and tbe measles didn't kill him. One day, Willie was playing with his pet terrier, when the dog scratched him. 60, his folks, fearing hydrophobia in Its worst form, rushed him down to New Jersey where there Is a great Institute In honor of Pro fessor Pasteur, who, fortunately, discovered that antl-toxln serum from a dog was a tins thing for rabies. They pumped dog serum Into little Willie for two months. Willie pulled through nicely, but en ths way home rode In a Pullman sleeper In which a smallpox case bad been dlscovsred. Fortunately, Doctor Jenner had discovered that antl-texin serum from a cow would cure smallpox and so, on getting home, they pricked some cow serum lnte Willie's arm. Well, Willie lived along until be was tea yeara old, when, one night, his folks were sent Into a panic by discovering that he had black diphtheria Fortunately, a noted phy sician naa mwuyeiw ' - from a horse would cure diphtheria. If any thing would, so they gave Willie some horse serum, hypodermlcally. Finally, at 40 years of age, Willie waj taken with a mysterious malady. None ol the doctors could tell definitely what H was. At last, as Willis was very low. a very learned scientist from a great Eastern Institute visited him and pronounced It general debility." "But, cheer up. my man! said the scientist, "I have here an antl- to"Nofrmore menagerie In mine," sighed Willie. "Life has been but one blamed serum after another." Whereupon he turned over and died, much to the regret of th scientist, who felt sure that he was about to enrich medical science with another great discovery, since be was about to try serum from a hen and from an alligator on "gen eral debility." RENT A NEW PIANO. New pianos to rent at $4 per monthi rent allowed on purchase. The Wiley B Allen Co., cor. 7th and Morrison. Wal- Was-1 W'sh-IWh'l-IYam- lowa.1 co lnnt.ni er. 1 uni. 8,364116,336 5,53S13,199 21.622; 2.484 2,443 18,285 13,420 10,692 14,467 11,972 7,082 4,261 11.120 2,509 3,137 23.8 7,945 6,012 4,865 36.3 2,4?8 23.3 714 25.6 25.6 2,826 51.0 1.877 51.3 7.055 48.8 3.734 40.7 2,343 7.0 4.9 2.495 20.8 731 29.4 29.4 3,145 2 2.7 4,8801 3.542 37 k SC4 11 456 21.522 2.484 18,280 5!538 9.657 14,467 2,443 13,420 61.0 18.6 48.0 l.l 00.0 I ? &l? 5",6S8 9!657 14,467 2,443 13.420 Z9.9 26.8 n 1810, 19,472; same territory ,-r r.ni in iu fi . j v. ,. . ..... V