The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current, August 13, 1911, Image 11

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The Sunday Oregonian., August 13, 1911, Page 11, Image 11

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Newspaper Page TextTO PROSPER. FRUITGROWERS MUST BF nOMPFTFTMT. AS IN OTHER LINES tvery Step in Raising of Applet and Par Mart Ee Taken With Crf Rogue Rivet Valley Shows Many Orch jrt, Whose Owners Have Succeeded. i . V.VvV - 4 . v.fx'- "V- Vv-H ' J .. ; : tI-v4't ' "- . c-i . "- - - " . ' a "' ' rr. ill V . 5 w r- 9 M1 :M&fr - te? ii&K . t'.-f .: ?Tv - ' ' r.- YV- -vv-,J iKPTORrv Or.. An. IS. (Sp elm! ) Thound of dolUrt and haQir4xla of aettlcra art l4at aach yaar to tha Roirua River vallar bacua lBoott4-nt men. fallarea la otner llnea of buslneM. lnTt their money In fruit Uod and einert It to retura their dollars, multiplied many time, without any effort on their part. The? plant pear land to applea. apple land to peara and oeltfier apple nor pear land to bo h. They enttmate their profits for one year and say that they he made so mnrb per mere off their orchard, not averacina- In their poorer years. In other words, thry try to saw wood with an a, and In a very short time they are knorklnjr- nfty years ao Stuart, father of tho fralt Industry In the Rotrua Rirer Tal ley. and owner of murh rich land then, laid out Ms first orchard tract, heed less to the Jrers of the graln-a-rowers. He selected the soil for Its depth, fer tility and drains", and his orchard was a success. Hundreds of people took up this ltne of work, and now S.0i)4) acres of pear and apple trees are under cultivation In the Koro Taller. Mr. Stuart discovered the varieties that thrived the best In this country the Poveen Da Cornice, kins; In price and quality; the DAnJoo. Winter Nells. Howell. Host and Kartlett peara and the Newtown. Jonathan. SplUenberg and Ben ravls apples. iJtnd Choecn Hrt The first step In enrsjclOR In the orchard business la to select tfia land The land should be rolllna. well drained, fertile and deep. There Is aa expert employed by tha county to five advice In such matters, and also aa to selecting the stock. The soil should be examined to see whether tt Is adapted to the particular variety of fralt that tha (rower wishes to raise, aa land that will raise arood pears may not raise apples and vice versa. When the trees are purchased and planted, the work' of cultivation be tns Immediately. The land should be plowed In the Hprlnic. icons over with tha sprlnar-tooth harrow and drard with a drsa; harrow. Then a crop of etch or aome crop that will add humus to tha so. I and protect the youns; trees from the sun should be allowed to dio dowa and tie plowed under. Aa tha trees bee In to crow and' take shape, the limbs are trimmed off to within II Inchea of the around, and the center Is cut out. leavlnc the upper por tion In V shape. Then In case dlseaso start on any of the limbs they may be eut off. whereas If It started on tha trunk of the tree It would ruin It en tirely. Oeoerally the pear trees are IS feet Spart. and the apples 12. the square plan belns; used In plsntlnf almost exclusively- Tha diagonal plan allows tha plaoUne- of more trees to the acre, but la not so satisfactory. In this space between the trees, corn or some other filler crop ts planted. Thla crop also adds homua to the soil, protects the younc trees and rives a considerable aide income. Crops may be planted in thla way between tha rowe for three years, at the end of which time the treea ara cultivated "clean." rear IVcaf In Vtmr Years. ptfferent vartetlea beg-In to produce at different es. When four yeari old. the Bartletl pear tree bea-las to bear, and the fruit la taken off early and thrown away. . Thla ajlvea the trea added strena-th, and the fifth year a rrop that will piy expense and even a profit Is secured. From the fifth year on. the pear tree produces an Increasing- crop, not belns; subject to the uncertainties of the apple until It la 1 yearf old or older. lnrpf tree fcsve, berti kaowa to produe In thla wt-r aatll taey wera Uo year old. Tha aeaaon for Bartlett peara la Jut, openlnc now. The grower has already aent In his estimate of the crop to the fruit association, and when he wants pickers the association sends them out to him. Tha pickers use sacks, hunt over their shoulders, and they pick tha fruit from a ladder. Tha peara ara picked green. The fruit 1 taken from the tree by a slight twist bf the wrist, and la laid gently Into the picking; sack. When tha sack la about two-thirds full the picker descends tha ladder, being careful that tha sack doea not hit against anything, and letting; the bot tom out of his sack, leta the fruit "fun Into the boxes. The boxes are hauled to tha pack Inn-house on a spring; wason. There, at wlndowa along the aldea of tha structure, are expert packers, who make fl and 14 a day for all and eight hours' work, and to these-packers the fruit la carried by helpers. Parker Usually Women. Th packer are generally women and glrla. while the helpers ara always men. The packer deftly wraps the fruit In tissue packing paper, specially pre pared with the label of the orchard upon It. and laya It on Ita side In tha regulation box. When the box Is filled, the- packer ealla a helper, who takes the box to, the nailer, and another helper brings a box of unpacked fruit. The nailer places the box npon a ma chine, draw th cover dowa tight, and with a few well-directed strokes of the hammer nails it an. Tha box la slipped onto a stack of other packed fruit. Is loaded on a spring; wagon and hauled to the refrigerator car on tha sidetrack, except where the grower have provided a pre-cootlna- plant. Thus tar fruit raising baa been re ducd to an exact science. Expert whose mU boetxieae) it la to sa to on f the acore of seemingly pur detail bold down "snaps" on too larger orch ard of the valley. But tha trouble come after tha fruit 1 In th car and ready for market. -WKere will J ship ItT Is the cry of the producer; and In a measure th fruit association have answered him. Beside their work of seeing that the atandard I kept up, the association correspond with and are members of the Northwestern Fruit Exchange. The particular association notifies how much and what kind of fruit It has. and the exchange telegraphs back where to hip the fruit. Thus far scientific dis tribution lias progressed and the grow era are losing much less 'than they did several years ago from Inability to sell their shipped fruit. CI t lea' Taetc Differ. For Instance. It ha been learned that Pittsburg does not want Gravenstelns. while the dealers there will give a good price tor Spltzenbergi. Milwaukee Is Just the opposite In taste for apples. Chicago does not want Cornice pears. Mew York does. Formerly Gravenstelns were shipped to Pittsburg and Spltzen bergs to Mtlwaukie, but the exchange and the associations have changed all this. The exchange has sales manager In ail the f rnlt-buvlng center. They cover the entire t'nlted States and the foreign markets. In the I'nlted State their district cover merely that which they can cover In a day'a Journey. They are paid salaries by the Northwestern Fruit Exchange and have no connec tion with commission house. For this erv1c the grower pays 10 cents a box and nearly all the growers have stock In the exchange, which Is controlled by the members of fruit associations. When the- fruit arrives at It destin ation tt la bought either by aomo big commission bousa, wholesale er retail store. Formerly an Immense amount rf fruit was shipped directly to New york commission house and from there sent out to the real markets, but since the advent of the exchange thi ha been done away with. If the fruit goes to the wholesaler it Jm sold to the small dealer . and vthen -may either be retailed in boxea over the counter or sold at so much per doaen. It Is handled nrst by th picker, then by the packer, in boxes by the nailer aJ car loader, and- then reaches the re tailer or street vendor. Cost of Land Estimated. The cost of fruit land in thl valley now varies from 10 to $500 an acre. Much more mnst.be paid per acre for small tract near the city. The cost of planting and taking cre of an orch ard until It comes Into , bearing in Its seventh year is 9113. Where the Owner performs the work and does not com pute his own time thi sum Is mater ially reduced. Thla amount. Includea the cost of trees and planting at 20 an acre, expense of cultivation-for six years at 10 per year. 160; pruning for third snd sixth year. $15; and spraying from fourth to sixth-year. $1. Five dollars -was allowed for miscellaneous. i - h till hearing I -Al'r'C nt-ce Lperlod at from 12 to 1 .i years of age. r ... . r . flu.-M and win proouce lornuiv. to boxes to the- tree, aceoiding to aga and variety. Soma treea. under care ful cultivation, have borne as high a (0 boxes of apples In a season. At the age of eight years the pear tree will bear from nv to 20 boxes of fruit to the tree. "' . ' - "What are 'the profit?" The profit have almost no limit except that of the ability of the gi'oweT.- They depend upon the kind of land, the quality and variety of the fruit, the way the fruit has been handled and ho-w it 1 mark eted. One grower aya that $300 to $500 an acr would cover' the net prof It from an apple or pear orchard, but thl estimate should not ' be taken to mean the "cost over production" as the term Is unally applied. Calculations Carefully Made. . Thi estimate was made by an orch ardlst who calculates to a nicety the depreciation In his stock and buildings, the Interest on the money Invested, the value of his own time, any loss by Insects, loss on any lands not In culti vation such aa the orchard border along the fence, the wear and tsa upon his car while attending to matter con cerning the orchard and th thousand and one thing that are taken Into con sideration by manufacturers. Thi grower say that when a man declares he ha made $1000 or $1800 an acre oft hi apples he really mean it, but he does not take Into consideration near ly all his expenses and does not ave rage in nine other yeara that might cut the figure down to $500. For a time pests made an alarming and absorbing subject to the grower, but now Professor P. II. Ogara. former Government pathologist, is paid $5000 a year to attend to them and tha pri vate grower does llttl other than fol low out his Instructions. There Is no pest now that cannot be controlled, and even frost Is thwarted by smudging. Anthranose. San Jose scale, borers, codling moth and blight can all be pre vented. Nearly all the pest prevention and extermination Is effected by means of prays. Whether there la a sign of th pest or not, when the time It generally appear comes, order are Issued from the office or Professor Ogara and th orchardist epraya. The United States Department of Agriculture and private capital have carried on extensive ex periments In combatting fruit pests with tho result that the peril is both ering the grower but llttl now. Management la 8dentiic. Of all th orchardist in the North west, the Hlllcrest Is probably tha most scientifically managed. The own er, R. H. Parsons, Is a young Eastern man who ha seen ao much of business method applied to successful manufac turing in the large Ka stern cttlea that he fully appreciates their value In the great Northwest. In his office there ar blue prints showing the position of very tree, building and buli on bis o o o When you think of Pianos Pianos of reliability, repu tation and renown you almost invariably think, too, of the old familiar name of IK, ShennanplacSs Co. Forty years of square dealing in stand ard Pianos is behind the association Steinway, A. B. Chase and Other Renowned Pianos. Sherman JJlay & Co. Morrison St., at Sixth Portland, Or. The Largest Victor Talking Machine Dealers in the World J 'v;-7rrrr:.t v,rtv . fllAfl J00 acres of orchard. ' Every tree that has ever -had a disease 1 marked and the loss from that tree is estimated. From hi rcord h can ascertain Just how much he ! making npon a certain tract of a certain variety of fruit. IT certain kind are not paying a much aa they should for the Investment the trees art cut out and the variety more suited to tho soil and location Is plant ed. Aside from the records of the tree themselves the age of every horse or cattle of any kind on the ranch is known and the depreciation In value or Increase, a the case may be, can ba estimated. Not a lngle treed can be een be tween the rows of trees In the entire Joo acres of apple and pear trees, and the owner Is planning to eliminate all those near the fence and plant alfalfa Instead. This he ays will afford food for his bees and will remove the last defect on tha place. H ha 86 hives of bees, all .necessary to the pollina tion of the orchard, and these yield a conslderabla Income. Realizing the large part that the weather plays in the frnit business, Mr. Parsons has Installed a complete ob servatory on his place and takes the readings daily. He keeps records of both barometer and thermometer re ports and of the reports received from th Weather Bureau at Portland. Besides owning a number of fine horses, Mr. Parsdns has for transporta tion an electric automobile. He has his private charging plant and garaga and, as Medford is only three miles away. It Is Ilk living in town. PORTLAND CLERGY WILL JOIN IN MORAL CANVASS Election of President of Ministerial Association to Be Signal for Action in Reform Shaie-Up. , THE 'police scandal and graft situa tion, and Portland- moral condi tion, -will oon be made a subject of Investigation and action by the Port land Oeneral Ministerial Association. Whether this organisation will employ a detectiva agency to gather Informa tion, or whether the mlnlaters them selves will become, sleuths, 1 a question which ha not been decided. Neither haa it been determined Just Bow far th minister will go In their work to clean up Portland. It 14 probable- that they will andeavor to learn th truth of re ports that the town i to bo thrown -wide open," and to- fix tha blama for existing conditions. Action probably will bo taken through a committee. Nothing can fa done, however, until after the lection of a new president, a the term of Rev. W. T. Reagor. the preeent president, will expire at the first meeting, which Is to be held September 4. Mr. Reagor Is now away, spending his vacation hunting and fishing, lie Is to appoint a nominating committee before, the ex piration of his torm, and this commit tee Is expected to report at the meeting In September. . Rer. Benjamin Toung, of tho Gypsy Smith committee, reoolved word last week that th noted evangelist will .leave London September 17 for his Pa cific Coast campaign. Ho will conduct a series of meetings In Bpokan early In October, going from thfre to Seattle, and thence to Portland. The Portland meeting will be held In November. Smith will then go to San Francisco, Lo. Angeles and Dallas, Tex., after which ha will return to England. The plans for tho temporary auditorium are now in tha hands of th architect, E. B. McNaughton. . s . Plant of th Oregon State Sunday School Association for a whirlwind campaign for the raising of IJ000 to further the stat Sunday school work, are progressing satisfactorily: Com mittees have bx-n selected, and each commute will canvass those engaged In th particular line of business which that committee represents. It is planned to Increase the oqulpmenr of the office of the tat secretary Kev. Charles A. Phlpr. and to provide for him a tenograph4r. The Y M. C. A. Doy hike to tho sea has been postponed till August 21 About 25 boys have so far enrolled. It Is planned to make thts one of the big gest events for tho boys this season. Tho lads will go to Astoria in tho T.. M C. A. launch, and from there will walk to Tillamook Head, and thence to a r 4j.retrv Palmer is planning to have a permanent boys camp, to be maintained throughout tha Hummer, but tho placo for this haa not been determln - TT Trlmhle. Tiastor Of itev. - - - Centenary Methodist Church. Is spend ing his Summer vacation He will return th endof August. , n u r-uAHnn. raator of Grace Methodist Cnurcn, la at Seaside on his vacation. Soveralof tho Motbodlst "mtnistersv-of I Portland are passing their vacations at Cascadia, In tho mountains near Al bany. . Rev. W. O. Eliot, pastor of the Unita rian Cborch, Is at Hood River, with bis family. He will return September 1. Hla family will remain until September IS. returning In time for tho opening of the public schools. Rev. J. Vlra Blako, of Evanston, 111., will preach at tho Unitarian Church this morning-. Dr. T. L. Eliot, minister emoritu of tho Unitarian Church, returned Friday from a trip to eeasiae. ne ana airs. Eliot passed two weeks there. s .... As Re-v! W. B. Hlnson, pastor of tha White Temple, Is at Seaside on his va cation. Rev. Donald MacLaurin, or wai la Walla, Wash., will fill his pulpit to day.' Dr. Hlnson expects to be away for a month. He Is a the neacn. . . . Rev. A. S. Yantis, of Auburn, N. Y.. will speak at tho First Congregational Church today, and next Sunday the Dulnlt will bo filled by Elmer L Goshen, of Salt Lake City, who is passing his vacation in the Northwest. Kev. Mr. Goshen is said to have been successful in findlnz- nositlons for 400 men a month. Many of tho churcnes now con duct free employment bureaus In con nectlon with other church work, but so far- aa known Mr. Goshen has made a record for putting men to work. ' . s ' Bvangellst Luther Warren-will hold meetings at Thirteenth and llorrison streerts tsS week, with tho exception nf irnTiMav nicrht when there will be no meeting. The "Closing Scenes of Earth'a HlsTory" and "The Outpouring of tho Holy Bpim were nis nuujoun last week. WILDE CASE UP TOMORROW Alleged Embezzler to Bo Arraigned Before Judge McGinn. Louis J. Wilds, former Portland pro moter, will bo arraigned at 1:30 o'clock tomorrow afternoon before Judge Mc Ginn, in the State Clrcnlt Court, to answer with W. Cooper Morris to the Joint Indictment charging them with embezzling 190.000 of funds of the de funct Oregon Trust & Savings Bank. Wilde was brought to Portland from California the latter part of last month. He is under $20,000 bonds. t. -...,.. that Wilde will plead not guilty to the charge, declaring that he is innocent oi criminal a.iu,n m with the bank case. Dan J. Marlarkey Is his attorney. Ad Club Plana Programme. Arrangement of a suitable pro gramme for October 4, the day set aside by the Clark County Fair Association for the Portland Ad Club at Vancouver, Wash., haa been referred to a com mittpe of which W. T. Buchanan, publi city agent for the Portland Railway. Light A Power Company, Is chairman. The other members of tho committee .re: Charles T. Berg, Arthur A. Schell, F. C. McCrellls and C E. Edwards, WOMAN REPROVES SEX MAX'S EXAMPLE COMJIEJCDED . IX GRAXGE ADDRESS. Ijncharltableness and Prejudice Are Xamed as Deplorable Traits by Mrs. II. L. Vail. , That women are less forgiving;, less tolerant and more bitter in their actions and criticism toward each other than are men was the statement made by Mrs. H. L. Vail, a prominent member of the Patrons of Husbandry, in her talk before Lents Grange yesterday afternoon. She was speaking on "Wo man's Inhumanity to Woman and Man's Inhumanity to Man," and In tho course of her talk she very severely ar raigned women for their lack of chari tableness toward each other and de clared that they might learn a great deal from the men. "We women have' llttls charity for each other," said Mrs. Vail, "and espe cially if a woman make a little slip. If a woman does not dress as well as .we think she should we criticise and ridicule, and we are Intolerant of any little error. We forget t.ie teaching of the Master to reach the hand and lift up the slstex. but pas by on tho other side of the street. "Not so with our brother, and we might learn a lesson from them of tolerance and forbearance. The dres makes little difference with the men. They meet and shake hands and do business on equality. They are tolerant and forgiving. If a man gets drunk once, there is still a chance- for him .1 to get up. He la not ostracised by hla brothers, but let a woman be seen In toxicated and she is shunned by a her sisters, and none lends her a hand. At this meeting resolutions were adopted Indorsing- the movement to ask the Government to mine coal In Alaska and deliver It to consumers on the Pa cific Coast at cost, A. F. Miller and C B. Handson spoke for the measure. M'rs. Arthur Gelsler spoke and voted against the resolutions. DEFENDS PROPERTY DEALS Will Purdy Tells of Relations In H. D. Winters' Transactions, , i In reply to the statements that havo' been made regarding the deeding by; the late H. D. Winters of the Grand-! avenue property to him. Will E. Purdy, declares that his business relations with Mr. Winters extended over a, period of 13 years. Continuing, he said:; "I think that, outside of the property deeded to me, Mr. Winters left an es-; tate of probably 150,000. Much of this is property that I conveyed to him and the properjy which he deeded to ma wa transferred in due course and w not deeded to me for the purpose of avoiding his creditors or for any other purpose than it purports to be. "The statement has been made that the deed is made and signed with an Indelible pencil. ; This is not true, aa th paper will show. "As td the deed not being recorded earlier, I had a very good reason for that and it was a matter understood between Mr. Winters and myself." Steamer "Monarch"' for. Astoria Cen tennial leaves Waehlngton-st. dock I, A. M. Fare SI. EdWsen delivers fuel ties. C2303. .xcursion Tares East Via THE TRUE SCENIC ROUTE Dart a the gammer aeaaoa low round-trip rates) will be made to the principal destinations. A few of the points Quoted aret Minneapolis ... St. Taiil ....... (klrnsro. ...... St. Louis ...... Indianapolis ... Detroit New York ayv-aettse ....... Philadelphia . . . Pltt.bnrs; Boston Portland, Me... Ottawa, Ont ... Montreal, P. O. .$ ao.oo . ao.oo ,; 72.SO . 70.00 .. 79.90 SS.RO . 10H.SO , 9.ftO . I08.KO . 91.HO . 110.00 110.00 . 103.00 . 105.04) Sale Dates August 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23, 28, 29. 30. . Angnrt 3, 4, 6, 14, 15, 1, 17, 21, 22, 23, 28,23, 30. September 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Stopover. Goina and Returning. Ffnal Kefura Limit O gg U Yoho and other resorts. yrt TRANSCONTINENTAL H H TRAINS DAILY for descriptive matter and furtner particulars apply at 142 Third street, . ', or address FRANK R JOHNSON, General Agent PORTLAND, OREGON to ; i a a r r- at . ta m r- c 7 ! Yon can stop the pain In one minute. You can loosen the corn in two days, and remove It. Yon can do this without soreness, without inconvenience without any feeling whatever. Just attach a Blue-jay plaster. It is done in a jiffy. Then forget about it. The plaster protects the corn. A bit of soft B & B wax begins to loosen it gently. Ia two days me corn cumes uui, uuu iijai cuua il. V Millions of people end all corns In this way. Other J treatments ma uuw uiuo ascu, get m ov-aag, iuu fe jet corns torment you. Take them out. - A tn the picture is th soft BAB wax. It loosens the corn. B protects the corn, stopping the pain at once. C wraps around the toe. It is narrowed to be comfortable. D Is rubber adhesive to tastes tne piaster on. . Blue-jay Corn Plasters si (6) A 1m Blae-isT Baaioa Plasters. All Drsstists Sell sad Guarantee Thcau Sample mailed free. Bauer & Black, Chicago and Now York, Makera of Surgical Dressings, ate. .1)