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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 4, 1908)
THE SUXDAT OREGONIAJf. PORTLAND. OCTOBER 4, 190S. $J (Que jpmian MRTLIND. OREGON. Entered it Portland. Oregon. Poitotfct an Becead-Claaa alattar. aubacripttoa Kate lavarlabhr IB Advanca. By Mall laily. Sunday included. on year J Daily. Sunday Included, sm moolhl-.-. Ua.ijr. Sunday Included, threa xnontna. ti-liy. bjudsy Included, one mmu.v - An La:; without Sunday, ona ear . JW atly. without ttuaday. alx months. . a.-i Lallr. without buoday. thrca montna. Lal.y. without Sunday, ona month .. -oo v ... ' lot! Sunday,' ona .!! J J feuuUT and Weekly. Ana viar (By Carrier ! ft innriif Included, ana mf tOO Llallv. uniia lmluded. ona month.... -7 How to Kenilt sand postofllca money artier, express order or personal ch-ck on yocr local bank. Stamp, coin or currency are at tha sender' risk. Olva postofnca ad drees In tu.l. including county and alata. faetace Kate lo to 14 pales. 1 cent; 1 to 2f paf-a. 2 cents; SO to 44 pagea. a eanta; 41 to AO pagca, 4 centa, Foreisa post age double ratea Eastern Uauneao Of tie Tha C. Beck wit a Special Agency New York, rooma 49 00 Tribune buiUlr.s. Chicago, room alO-313 Trlbjne building PORTLAND. KINDAY. OCT. 4. IMS. THE IMt.VOH J tJl'ANTITT. Possibility of Bryan's election is admitted. It Is admitted, always, when he is a candidate. Because It Is admitted that every person who may be dissatisfied for any reason, or for no reason, may vote for Bryan. Even the man who is dissatisfied with himself will vote for Bryan. To this sort the candidacy of Bryan always appeals, with peculiar force. The election next month will not be decided by the business vote or industrial vote, commonly called the independent vote, but by the vote that Is dissatisfied with Itself. The really independent and substantial vote of the country is divided: but the ma jority of It supports TafL Bryan's play Is for the votes of those who, since they haven't much energy or efficiency or foresight, and want to work as little as possible and to fly as far as they can from the compe tition of those of their own class who set a high pace, feel and declare that they "haven't a fair show." To this sort of people tha effort of Bryan's whole campaign is directed. Partisan spirit and the name of party will get for him. he knows, the bulk of his votes. His play Is for these others.. He expects help from the labor unions. Some help he will get from them. They, too. have members of varying degrees of efficiency and pur pose. Then every labor union has members of radical and revolutionary disposition. In every crisis and on very important occasion, these come to the front. The more quiet mem bers do not care to contend with them. Just now it is advertised that the labor unions o Portland are soon to hold a Bryan or antl-Taft meeting. These are the extremists. Needless to pay, they can't control the union labor vote. The solid element of union la bor does not commit Itself to effort through partisan politics. But the element that la violent and rash often tries to do so much to the injury in the long run of the cause of union labor. The "agitator" sort, in union labor or out of It, doubtless will now support Bryan. Indeed. It always has. Hut the rational and steady element of lubor, whether in the unions or out of it. never has. There are no men more steady of purpose or careful of Judgment than the majority of tha men who constitute the labor unions. But In times of radical action and in revolutionary times, the aggressive minority is always at the front, with loudest noise. On these Bryan now depends, as always heretofore. Hope springs eternal In the Bryan breast. It hangs chiefly on appeal to those who are dissatisfied with themselves, and attribute their lack of success to their assumption that society some how is unfriendly to them, and "that the party In power" doesn't give them a chance. These ' and such like. It will always be necessary to contend with, till the end of time. AGKfS THE NHiHT RIDERS. The American Society of Equity, which for the past two years has been endeavoring by unnatural and ar tificial means to advance the price on tarm products, is extending the scope of its operations. In an effort to in crease the price of tobacco in Ken tucky and Tennessee, the famous "Night Hitler" branch of the society burned, pillaged and murdered quite freely for the past year, but was un successful In Increasing the price of tobacco. Recently a similar organl atinn has been formed In Arkansas for the purpose of reducing the yield of cotton and maintaining prices. Marked riders have called out promi nent planters nt night, and warned them, under pain of death, to reduce the acreage planted, and not to sell at less thnn the price set by the farm ers union. If the criminals who are responsi ble for this 'night riding and for the arson and murder which they have deemed necessary In enforcement of their arbitrary and unreasonable de mands were ordinary. Irresponsible sneaks, such as their actions would Indicate. It would be easier to ferret them out and punish them. Unfor tunately for the good name of the South, where most of the outrages re committed, the guilty persons are in nearly all cases men of such re sponsibility and power in the com munity that the task of bringing them to book Is practically impossi ble, and hope for bringing order out of chaos In the immediate future has been abandoned. It Is legitimate and praiseworthy that the grower of tobacco, cotton, hops. wool, wheat or any other com modity should secure for his crop the highest possible price wnrranted by the untrammeled law of supply and demand, and by natural, healthy competition for the product. But when any man or organization of men. like the American Society of Equity, essays to dominate the mar ket by force and to regulate prices bv unnatural and criminal methods. It Is full time for the Government to take a hand In the game. The code of de cency which prevailed when our an cestors lived In caves and mauled each other with atone hammers awarded to every holder of any com modity the right to give it away if he saw ftt to do so, and the only maul ing indulged In was for the purpose of making a division of property in stead of hoarding It and making those who had no cotton, tobacco or wheat pay more for it than It was actually worth. The Baltimore Sun credits Henry YVatierson, who U an authority on all things Southern, with the ex pression that TJilnga nave come to a hell of a pasa When a man can't wailop bin own jackass. They have also reached a similar state when a man can no longer sell his cotton, tobacco, or any other product, at a price and a time agree able to himself. Some parts of the South are certainly in need of a new deal. IMPERIALISM LET T8 SEE. And who is mora to blame than yourself. Mr. Bryan, for what you call "the Inexcusable blunder of im perialism in the- Philippines?" At the conclusion of tne ar un Spain we could have quit the Philip pines. We could have scuttled the Islands and sailed away. But we didn't. It didn't seem to be the thing to do. The matter was long in debate. Opinion was very evenly balanced. The treaty, as negotiated, demanded cession of the Islands on the payment by the United States to Spain of twen ty millions. But It was necessary that the treaty should be ratified by the Senate. It was in danger of rejec tion. There was a strong body in the Senate that favored Independence for the Philippines. It required two thirds to ratify, and on this division It was extremely close. Whether two thirds could be secured was doubt ful. Senator Hoar, of Massachusetts, a man of great power in the Senate, was leader of the opposition. He re sisted to the utmost the ratification of the treaty, and induced others to help him. Then it was. at this critical juncture, that Mr. Bryan appeared at Washington, and threw all his influ ence in favor of-the treaty, using his prestige as leader of the Democratic party. In i.hat behalf. His appeal had weight W.th the Democratic and Pop ulist Senators. Senator Hoar and other opponents of the treaty always Insisted that without Bryan's help the treaty would have been rejected; for it was ratified by a vote of 57 to 27 only one more than the necessary two-thirds. It was said that Mr. Bry an's motive was to "put the Adminis tration In a hole." It hardly becomes Mr. Bryan at this time to talk about "our Inexcusable blunder of Imperialism In the Phil ippines," and to lament that In taking the Philippines we were guilty of "violation of the Immortal principles of our own Declaration of Independ ence." What is Mr. Bryan but a tempo rizer, an improviser and time-server; a man of expedients, unstable as water, variable as the wind? THE CONGRESS OX TCBERCCLOSI8. The sixth triennial Congress on Tu berculosis, now In session in Wash ington, is perhaps the most important convention to medical scientists that has ever assembled in this country, or, for that matter, in the world, since the scope of Its work Is world-wide. Its Importance from the standpoint of the humanitarian may be Judged from the statement made by Professor Fisher, of Yale, that 5,000.000 people In the United States at this time are marked by this destroyer, while the economic Importance of the question Involved In stamping out this disease is noted in the further statement of this careful statistician that the 138, 000 people who annually die of con sumption in this country represent a cost in hard cash of $1,000,000,000 a year. The first statement deals with a pale host, flitting hither and thither over the land, seeking to shake off the deadly germs that have fastened upon their vitals; falling pitifully to accomplish this object, but hoping ever hoping for the miracle of health to be wrought within them by "change of air." which Is pouplarly supposed to be able to work this miracle. Enduring the discomforts of travel; turning with loathing from the food of hotels and restaurants; latterly shunned as disseminators of disease; homesick and possessed of a languor that makes any exertion a real hardship: now suffering from be numbing chills, now parched with fever and again drenched with pers piration; trying to persuade them .if. om-h dav that they feel better; at times buoyed up in spirit by a de ceitful rally of their struggling me tr.-c- uinnnlns: to return home only to suffer relapse and die among stranger this is the saa lot oi mis large army of hopeful yet hopeless health-seekers, who. carrying the ; germs of tuberculosis with them, try to escape from the deadly clutch of their Insidious foe. j mr the rest those who do not change location because they cannot afford the cost they fight the battle o hope against Inevitable defeat In thousands of humble homes, wnere l.. ministers to their fading vitality in vain, keeping the monster at bay but unable to prevent his slow, stealthy encroachment; their dally portion excessive weariness, tne ersa death. Pitiable as is the condition of these two classes of sufferers from tuberculosis. It Is as sunshine com pared with darkness to that of the myriads who pass their wasting days i" ih awentshoos of a greedy traffic and later end them amid the reek of the crowded tenements of the great cities. The economic loss Incident to the struggle and vanquishment of this great army annually can only be ap proximately estimated. Dr. Fisher gives it In the enormous ngures quot ed. In this computation of suffering and loss the great element of per sonal sorrow and family bereavement Is necessarily left out; Its volume, and the effect of Its mighty surge upon the energies of mankind, who can measure? Clearly, In view of these facts, science can set Itself to no task more humane, to no effort that looks more directly to the conser vation of human energy and happi ness, than that to which it has ad dressed Itself In the Investigation, looking to the prevention, treatment and cure of tuberculosis. It is but a few years since the specific germ of this ages-old disease was discovered; fewer still since Its communlcability was established, and yet fewer since the medication of consumptive pa tients has given place to treatment with Nature's remedies fresh air, sunshine, pure water and nourishing food. It Is at this point that the In terests of sanitary science converge. The seal of death has for years been set upon the consumptive. Science declares that this Is not necessary If the presence of the disease Is noted In time and Nature's remedial agencies, combined with nourishing food and proper exercise, are engaged on the j other side of the combat. The chief object of the present Congress on Tu berculosis Is to put In motion such agencies as will promote knowledge that will lead, first, to the prevention of this disease, and then to its proper treatment. Communicable, consump tion is not actively contagious; Its germs are not a baleful inheritance. That Is to say, it is not hereditary. Any one can acquire it- Some per sons, owing to resistance of constitu tional tendencies, can throw it off; others with less resistant powers of body, aided by mental depression and anxiety, become its prey. - With the dissemination of knowledge among all classes, and an improvement in the domestic and Industrial surroundings of the poor, especially In large cities, sanitary scientists declare that the ravages of this great scourge can be checked and that It can ultimately be stamped out among civilized peoples. Surely, in this view, the effort that Is being made Is well worthy the grand rally of science now In progress look ing to that end. THEIR "RECONCILIATION." It Is quite probable that the much discussed reconciliation between Taft and Foraker was more apparent than real. It took place at a Grand Army encampment, where the managers of the affair took pains to have Taft and Foraker sit side by side. They both spoke from the same platform. What could Taft do? Should he refuse to sit there or speak from that plat form merely because a man with whom he did not agree politically had been invited to do the same thing? Could Mr. Taft, with due respect for the organization whose guest he was, do otherwise than manifest a friendly attitude toward every other guest? The Grand .Army encampment was not a political gathering and men who were most diametrically opposed to eacli other In politics were there, meeting each other in a friendly man ner. Mr. Taft would probably wel come the vote of Mr. Foraker and gladly receive his support. Just as a Prohibitionist would accept the aid of a saloonkeeper; but there Is not nor ever has been any evidence that Taft ever approved or excused For aker's objectionable political ideals or practices. If Mr. Taft, knowing Foraker as he did, had made him a campaign treasurer, as Mr. Bryan made Haskell treasurer, there would be reason to question either his honesty or his good sense. The people of this coun try have intelligence enough to know that Taft conducted himself as a gen tleman should and In no way com promised with dishonesty. WORKING HIS WAY tPWARD. According to press dispatches, Theo dore Roosevelt, Jr., has commenced work in a carpet factory, and will be assigned for duty at first in the wool storing department where he will help unload, wash and store the wool. There are many people who will think that his thus "beginning at the bot tom" is a farce, and that he will 'be rapidly promoted from one depart ment to another until he occupies a responsible position with a large sal ary merely because he Is the son of the President. Quite likely his pro motion will be rapid, for he is un doubtedly a bright boy, anxious to learn, strong and ' active. But if his own best interests are considered, he will be promoted from one depart ment to another only after he has mastered the work of each depart ment in turn. No man Is competent to "boss" the wool-storing depart ment until he knows by actual expe rience how a sack of wool should be handled, how many sacks a man should be able to handle In a day, and how the time of laborers can be economized. President Roosevelt is above all things a practical' man. Though of moderate fortune, he has always been a hard worker at some useful occu pation. He despises the idler, rich or poor. He knows that wealth is an uncertain possession and that a man trained in some useful occupation need never be in want, but may al ways hold an honorable position among men, even If it be none other than that of a common laborer. Like a wise father, he wants his sons to be independent by reason of their power to earn their own way In the world. He knows that experience gained by hard work is the surest road to suc cess, and he desires that his sons shall pursue the safest course. No salary that a mill company could pay the boy for filling an honorary position could tempt an intelligent parent to permit his son to assume abilities he does -not possess. If Theodore, Jr., should learn the business of carpet making, he would very likely succeed at it, especially if he has inherited a fair portion of the energy, intelli gence and honeBty of his father. If he should undertake the carpet-making business without first learning the work from the bottom up, he would probably go down to failure in com petition with some other man, per haps of poor and unknown parentage, who has paid the price of success. GREAT WEALTH-PRODUCING STATE. No well-informed person will charge that The Oregonian's estimate of exports from this state for the year 1908. published yesterday, leans toward exaggeration. On the con trary, the total of J100.O00.000 will be accepted as conservative by men engaged in the various interests whose output was summarized. Some day Oregon will establish a bureau to keep a precise record, and its Integ rity will not be attacked by Jealous and malevolent rivals. Among residents of the Middle West who are considering removal to' the Pacific Coast and have been led Into doubting by too roseate descrip tions sent out from professionally boomed sections, these figures on Oregon's inherent wealth cannot fall to be Impressive. Personal Investiga tion will promptly confirm every par ticular. Information Intended to attract- farmers, manufacturers, mer chants and other Investors that con tains 100 per cent truth is quite as much a surprise as the actual indus tries, which can neither be concealed from nor misrepresented to the man who has enough interest to examine into the facts. The intelligent reader on the other side of the Rockies will naturally ask. Where is all this business centered? What city is the terminus of the rail roads that move 100,000 loaded cars a year? Where is the harbor that forms the meeting-place for freight cars and ocean-going vessels?. Where do the producers who ship this $100.-J. 000,000 worth of stuff buy their sup plies? There is only one answer. And as Oregon grows In productive wealth, so grows Portland. It is a trite remark that the industries of Oregon are only in their infancy,. So is Portland. OCR DCAL NATTER In his famous book on "The Ego" Max Stlrner finds an opportunity to laugh at the idea of the dual nature of man, as he does at most other ideas. We divide ourselves into two parts, he says, one mortal, the other Immortal. For six days of the week we serve the interests of the mortal part; Sunday we devote to the Immor tal. Possibly this shows the relative values which we attach to them. Ac cording to Stlrner, the soul, or the eternal entity In man, Is nothing more than a piece of Insane dreaming. "To think of such a thing," he remarks, "Is merely to spook in the head." Still science presents some very fair grounds for the belief that we have a dual nature and that one side of It is immortal. Welssman's great theory of heredity Is nothing more than a restatement of the ancient dogma that each human being includes In his being a. deathless soul as well as a mortal body. . Persons who were readers of biological literature some twenty-five years ago will remember what a stir it made among the learned when Welssman announced his conviction that "acquired traits" could not be inherited. If this were true, what would become of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selec tion? In order that natural selection may act on a race, variations must ap pear, and they must be inherited. According to Welssman, the? may ap pear as numerously as you please, but when the Individual who exhibits them perishes they will perish with him; he cannot transmit them to his offspring and therefore there is noth ing for natural selection to work upon, seemingly. This conclusion is absurd, however, for we know that natural selection does work, and arti ficial selection also, and that they produce astonishing results. "It works," said Welssman, "but not upon acquired traits." For thousands of years men have been shaving their beards, and yet at the age of puberty the beard still springs upon the chin of the youth. Just as it did when Adam tilled his figs in the Garden of Eden. The Indians of Oregon had been flattening the heads of their In fants for numberless generations when the whites discovered them: nevertheless each new pappoose a head needed Just as much flattening I as its sire's. The son of a DraKe man who has lost both his legs in a wreck will not be legless. You may mutilate and deform the human body as much as you please, and for all that if the power of procreation is left unimpaired, normal descendants will be produced. How shall we reconcile this undeniable truth with the actual operation of selection through heredity? Welssman accounted for it by re turning to the ancient theological concept of man's dual nature. The theologians said that we were com posed of soul and body. Weissman used different language, but It came to the same thing. We are composed, he declared, of two kinds of cells, somatic and germ cells. The Bomatlo cells are a sort of slaves. They per form the gross services which we re quire to keep alive, such as bringing in nutriment, healing wounds, carry ing oft waste, and so on. They build .and maintain this earthly tabernacle, but not for themselves. The mansion is for the habitation of the aristo cratic and immortal germ cells. The somatic cells are of the earth, earthy. They die when the body dies, and all the variations which they undergo necessarily perish with them. When a man shaves his beard he cuts off somatic cells merely; he does not alter the germ cells. Hence he may go on shaving forever and his boys will need razors just as much as he did. But let anything happen to the immortal germ cells and the descend ants of that man will show It to the end of time. Thus we see that, even if "acquired traits" cannot pass on by Inheritance, nevertheless there is plenty of material for natural selec tion to deal with. It seizes upon the modifications which happen to the germ cells. So It turned out that Welssman was really a friend to the Darwinian theory, since he reconciled circumstances which appeared to con flict. He showed why some traita could be Inherited while others could not. Weissman was rather a poetic person for a German and a biologist. He conceived of the aggregate of germ cells in the world as a unity and seemed to speak of It as if it were a sort of supernatural being which sur vived the mutations of time and change and were endowed with eter nal life. He named it the "germ plasm." The germ plasm is the most pre cious thing in the universe. It trans mits life from one generation to an other. It is the treasury where all that the inhabitants of the world have gained is everlastingly stored. It Is the same in the brute, the tree and the human being. It is the same in us as.it was In the protoplasm where life began. In each new generation It is reborn. Hence, if Welssman's theory Is true, we can answer the question where the soul was before It entered the body. We can see also how much truth there is in the Hindu doctrine of transmigration, which Malvolio explains so lucidly in "Twelfth Night." The particle of the universal germ plasm which exists in Malvolio has passed through a thou sand bodies before it came to him, dwelling now in a pine tree, now In a serpent, now In a swine and finally In a man. When we slay a beast for foo'd, how do we know that we are not ending some career of life which in the long succession of the ages would produce a finer race than our own? The first care of nature is al wavs to see that the germ plasm Is not lost. When a plant is deprived of water or nourishment It forthwith goes to seed. Emerson tells us that nature has overloaded the passion of love to subserve a purpose of, her own. Clearly that purpose Is to transmit the germ plasm to the succeeding gen eration. Weissman's theory gives encourage ment to everybody who hopes for a better race in a better world. The base characteristics which men and mor, ar-nuire in miserable condi tions of life are loot when they die. Their children are free from heredi tary curse, and If we can. only make their environment good, they have the same chance as others to grow into normal individuals. Or, if the bad conditions have affected the germ cells, their vitality must be impaired and it Is only a question of a little time when the degenerate stock will perish. Thus' natural selection will protect the race in spite of all we can do, and we understand how little oc casion there is for the fear which some people have that helping the blind, the diseased and the unfortu nate may lower the standard of man kind. Their acquired triats cannot be inherited, and if they possess an undesirable modification of the germ cells it is sure to cause the extinction of their line. No large section of man kind can possibly become permanent ly degenerate, and It follows, there fore, that by improving the environ ment of our fellow-men they can all be elevated to the normar"standard; or, if there are exceptions, they are rare and from the Mature of heredity they cannot persist. FALL GARDENS. People who wait till Spring to make their gardens lose half the pleasure and profit of the art. Anybody who has a plot of ground containing a square rod or two may have a garden where many vegetables can be raised and flowers will bloom, nor need he wait for Spring sunshine in order to plant them. In the climate of Oregon the most desirable perennials should be set out In the Fall. From October to the end of November is the time to do' it. Hollyhocks along the border of the lot, a bed of tulips to adorn the front yard, a row of daffodils beside the walk and crocuses here and there In the grass may all be planted now better than at any other time. These hardy perennial flowers are cheap and more beautiful than any others except rosea. t It is a mistake to plant nothing but roses. Beautiful as they are and lav ish of their bloom, still roses alone In the gardens must Inevitably become monotonous in the end. Some of the most charming lawns in Portland are ornamented with old-fashioned mixed borders which contain bluebells, col umbines, delphiniums and similar flowers, with no roses at all. In our enthusiasm for the queen of flow ers, we are sometimes prone to forget that she is only the first among many almost as lovely. Two or three large enclosures in Portland which have been planted with mixed shrub bery are to some tastes the most at tractive in the city. Fall Is also the best time to plant a great many other flowers, such as sweet peas, canterbury bells, foxgloves and sweet Williams. It is to be re gretted that the seed stores do not of fer the Summer's crop of seeds earlier in the season. As the matter is man aged It is difficult to get them In time to plant before the rains begin and part of the best growing time is thus lost. It Is astonishing to see what a quantity of vegetables for the table can be raised on a square rod of land by a skillful gardener, and one who has not investigated would be sur prised to learn how many of them can best be planted In the Fall. Spinach, onions, Summer squashes, potatoes and peas may all be planted In Octo ber with advantage. The crop will be earlier and more certain than If the gardener hastens his sowing in Spring. Potatoes will lie safely under the soli throughout the Winter, making some root growth in February and matur ing many days before the first Spring planting can be used. The taste for gardening both in city and country is becoming more general and more in telligent every season, and the climate of Oregon Is so mild that It can be in dulged almost without interruption from one year's end to another. GOOD ADVICE FOR PREACHERS. When Bishop Hughes, who presided at the recent session of the Oregon conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, told the ministers of his de nomination that they should make a practice of writing their sermons, he gave advice that might well be direct ed to ministers of all denominations. There may be a few ministers who can think out their sermons and deliver them in an orderly, forceful manner, with reasonable grammatical precis Ion, but those who can do this are very, very few indeed. There are many who attempt It and empty pews and low salaries show the result. A blind faith in God, an Ignorant self confidence and a lack of appreciation of the rights of an audience, lead min isters to deliver sermons into which they have put no real effort and which have no value whatever to the hear ers. Almost any minister can talk for thirty, forty-five or sixty minutes on almost any text that might be given him, but not one In a hundred could say anything worth hearing unless he spent hours in careful preparation. There are many ministers who are proud to boast that they can preach upon any text given them after they enter the pulpit. They do not realize that sermons of that kind are ad dressed to audiences that do not think it worth while to listen. Wherever there is a preacher who talks to his congregation without having prepared his address, it is safe to say there is also an audience that thinks of its own personal affairs while he is occu pying the- pulpit. To talk Is one thing; to instruct, inspire, persuade or convince la quite another. There are many reasons why a min ister should write his sermon before delivering it. Bishop Hughes did not say that a minister should read his sermon, or that he should commit it to memory, but that he should write It. There is much gained by the writ ing, even though the speaker follow the exact words of the written address very little. When Bacon said that "reading maketh a full man. confer ence a ready man and writing an exact man"," he gave reason enough why not only preachers, but all public speakers, should write their addresses. Writing an address tends to make a speaker exact not only as to his facts, but as to his language. The preacher who does not write becomes careless In what he says and In the manner In which he says It. Perhaps a more important advan tage gained by writing a sermon is that the man who puts his thoughts down in black and white has a clear understanding of what he has to offer his audience, and if he has neither a new message nor an old message In a new form, he will discover that fact and endeavor to produce something worth the time and attention of those who are expected to listen. Ministers are, as a rule, honest and charitable, and few of them would expect others to listen to sermons to which they would not listen if they were in the pews The written sermon is most likely a product of thought: the un written sermon may be but the listless movement of an almost stagnant mind. Again, writing a sermon enables a minister to economize the time and mental effort of his audience, for by carefully preparing his sermon he avoids repetition, eliminates common places, arranges his material in logical order, removes ambiguities, makes his meaning clear and acquires a more forceful style. The man who writes his sermon can easily deliver In thirty minutes an address which, unwritten, would spread over forty-five minutes, or even an hour. But the saving of time to the audience means an ex penditure of time on the part of the preacher, and . there's the rub. As Bishop Hughes said, there are a great many ministers who would rather spend the week in idleness, relying upon the Almighty to help them out when they get up in the pulpit on Sunday. To write a sermon requires thought, and thinking is hard work. But hard work is the price of success, and those who wish to attain success should be willing to pay the price. It leaks out that one motive for em ploying the pay-as-you-enter car, soon to be Introduced here, is to Increase earnings of streetcar companies. The general manager of the Metropolitan Street Railway in New York esti mates that his company loses 8 per cent of the fares through failure to collect and dishonesty of conductors. During the rush hours many passen gers make a practice of "beating" their way. Experience In Eastern cities which have used the new car Is that its easy operation depends upon the passengers. They must be provided with tickets or the exact change, else no time Is saved. Spe cial Inducements to patrons to provide themselves with tickets are now being offered. Rev. George F. Houghton, aged, broken In body and spirit, poor and seemingly alone in the world, has asked to be taken to the county poor farm and there be allowed to end his days in peace. A man useful in his long day and generation; generous to prodigality, and charitable to the ex tent of his entire substance, the plight of the aged minister Is Indeed pitiable. It is hardly probable that the great church to which the best efforts of his life have been devoted will allow its faithful servitor to spend his few remaining days as a public pauper. Eighty-six years old, simple minded and destitute surely there Is a home and welcome for him some where among his brethren. The large number of birds and wings and feathers that are displayed upon women's headgear this season lead one to suppose that the Audubon Society had gone out of business in this city. Such is not the case, how ever, as a meeting of the society was held at the City Hall last night, in which the cruelty of plumage-hunters and the vanity of giddy women who wear birds and feathers were duly reprobated. But the slaughter of the innocents still goes on, the demand of commerce being held to justify the rapacity that comes up boldly with the supply. The property-owner of Multnomah County who has postponed the evil day as long as possible must walk up to the Courthouse Monday and pay the deferred half of the taxes that stand against his name, or later pay them with penalty for delinquency added. This is a cruel and exacting world. Does any one suppose that the Mil waukee road, due to reach the Pacific Coast within twelve months, Is going to Ignore a territory that produces 100,000 carloads of freight a year? And does any one fear that Oregon is going to resist Invasion by Mr. Earl Ing and his associates? If they do succeed in Haskellizing Treasurer Sheldon, it is to be hoped he will retire to the dark abysses of Wall street and be heard of no more. Mr. Haskell appears to be supplying all the posthumous remarks neces sary to any ordinary campaign. It's a mistake to have a Presiden tial campaign and a baseball season with a heart-disease finish running at the same time. How can any patri otic citizen be expected now to settle down to the ordinary excitements of a mere political campaign? Mr. Bryan might explain it all sat isfactorily by showing that, while he is the only bona fide blown-in-the-bottle heir to the Roosevelt policies, there is just now a wicked attempt by his sire to deprive him of his law ful inheritance. The National Irrigation Congress having listened patiently, not to say enthusiastically, to the annual roasts for Chief Forester Plnchot, dutifully indorse's him, as usual. That's what the Irrigation Congress is for. Candidate Taft appears to be get ting steam up all right. He applies the "short and ugly word" to Gom pers. The campaign has gingered up all around, and then some. But Is Bryan any the happier for it? The man who can talk about "sin soaked sirens." and yet have no word of censure of their male coparceners worse, the makers of the sin-soaked sirens is badly unhinged somewhere In his moral make-up. Though he strives to please, Chair man Hitchcock's management of the Republican campaign is likewise par ticularly unsatisfactory to the Demo crats. The Democratic war on Republican Treasurer Sheldon looks like spiteful retaliation for the great Haskell ex posure. But Isn't it a trifle too late? Senator Foraker and Mr. Archbold at least had the good judgment not to add to their letters the postscript "Please burn this." Now Ethel Barrymore says she didn't say it. We're sorry. We had begun to think very well of Ethel. Is there no way to get the National rs. warden after the President? . . , int ila limit. ' ne xin onvfc - Later Feature of a Crltlelnm by the Rival Town. Tacoma Tribune. The Lake Washington canal project for Seattle has been abandoned. The real reason for this is that the tax payers of Seattle are carrying about as heavy a burden of taxes as they can stagger along under. In a recent editorial The Tribune stated that Ta coma's advantage over her sister city lay in the fact that Seattle had gone the pace and must rest a bit or perish. Regrading and street-paving In Seattle attracted widespread attention. The Seattle spirit was undergoing a paroxysm. It has come out of It now and Is weak and trembling ai a re sult. During the past six to eight years Seattle has grown like a mush room. It has abosrbed suburban towns and made them part of the city proper. It has platted vast tracts of land ly ing beyond its watermalns and gas mains and electric light and power wires, and until these Improvements, entailing expenditures represented In at least seven figures, are made, Seat tle must sit still and watch Tacoma grow. In addition to regrading and paving, the craze for skyscrapers, richly fur nished, hit Seattle hard. That ctty may well be proud of so;ne of Its busi ness buildings, the furnishings of which equal those In the great cities of the East. But there Is danger In this too raplj growth. A most notable example is that of Kansas City, Mo., from the mushroom growth of which sprung the origin of the word "boom." Kansas City was the first "boom" city. Frontage on the business streets jumped from hundreds to. thousands of dollars per foot. Business build ings which had been rated at JB.1.000 were given fictitious values of a quar ter of a million, and in equal propor tion were the structures of greater cost boomed to the skies. Kansas City outdid itself and finally sank exhaust ed, and fortunes were swept away as chaff before the wind. Topeka, Kan., Is another city which all of a sudden, during the "boom" period, built steam railways for the streets of the city Instead of sticking to the old "hoss" car. The side streets as well as the main thoroughfares of Topeka were asphalted, and one day Topeka came out of It and could not borrow $400 for which to buy a neces sary patrol wagon. It Is not the purpose of the Tribune In this connection to Intimate that Seattle has reached the collapse stage of either Kansas City or Topeka j merely to state facts and clinch the( argument that Tacoma today Is In the best position of any city on Fuget Sound to sustain that healthy growth which makes wealthy cities tike St. Louis, rather than those of the mush room sort that eventually go back. Tacoma has not outgrown herself. Improvements have followed the legit imate Increase In business buildings and residences. Tacomans can make no mistake In working energetically for the upbuild ing of their city, for it Is now a cer tainty that Tacoma Is In a better peti tion than Is Seattle to become a solid, substantial metropolis- TREAT MEN AND WOMEN ALIKE Publifih Nnmen of All Who PatronUe Disorderly Reaorla. Corvallis Times. On the assumption that no firm can continue in buisness without patron age. The Oregonian asks Mayor Lane why he does not let the immoral women of Portland remain in their present quarters, end then arrest every male specimen seen entering those joints? And the question Is extremely pertinent. Why should there be for men a set , of morals less Ideal than those set up for women' Why should woman be harrassed for offering temptation and her male partner In crime escape the law? Why should a bibulous man receive social recogni tion throughout years of drunken Im becility and a woman becoma social outcast for a single misstep of llko kind? Why should vile, vicious, un couth, vulgar language not condemn a man as it does a woman? Why should we demand of woman greater purity of mind and soul, more perfect gen tility, greater worthiness, stricter ad herence to virtue, than we demand of man? There can be no hope of reforming men by statute, but It would seem Jus tice If male frequenters of female re sorts were arrested, fined and their names published in all papers, that unsuspecting women of a higher social sphere might be warned of their lechery. The People's Press (East Portland). Some time ago The Morning Ore gonian suggested that the names of the men who were caught by the po lice In houses of prostitution be pub lished in the newspapers, and to start the fun that paper offered its own col umns free of charge. Not to be out done by Its big West Side contem porary, the Peoples Press hereby of fers its front page for the same pur pose, and to go the morning paper one better, it agrees not to suppress any names, no matter who or whactho- -gentlemen are. A short time n,go Mayor Lane was tickled when told by one of his most trusted detectives that one of His Honor's prominent political enemies was overhauled In one of the bawdy houses; his Joy was short-lived, however, when the sleuth Informed him that one of his own official family was pulled out of the same bed during the same raid. Time and again men who are higl in the official and busi ness life of this city have been caught In the unlovely arms of s.ome North End siren in the small hours, and. though they were taken to the polled station, their names did not even ap pear on tile blotter, let alone In the newspapers. Lets us be consistent. If we are going to give publicity to the patrons of the houses of prostitu tion the men who are really responsi ble for their existence let us not make fish of one and fowl of another. Print their names. The Overahndowlng Iaaue. Baltimore Sun. Ind.. Taft. It is, perhaps, natural that Mr. Bryan, If he Is merely an opportunist, ' should desire to eliminate his record from the Issues of this campaign, riut he cannot. The overshadowing issue of the contest this year Is "Bryanlsm" and all that word means, politically and economically. Mr. Bryan musl meet that issue. He cannot run away from It. He cannot evade It by refus ing to discuss It. Mr.' Taft has brought It to the front and will keep It there for the edification of voters. He will emphasize it as a warning of what will be in store for them if they vield to Mr. Bryan's entreaties and forget the danger to our material wel fare which the election of a candidate with such a record would Involve.
