The Sunday Oregonian., September 06, 1908, SECTION TWO, Image 13

SECTION TWO
Pages 1 to 12
CLASSIFIED
ADVERTISING
VOL. XXVII.
PORTLAND, OREGON, SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 6, 1908.
NO. 36.
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NEIVERAIS MARKED
Young Turk Party Is Accom
plishing Wonders.
FREEMASONRY IS ITS BASIS
Committee Which Has Brought
About Such Radical Changes
Has No brganlzatlon of
Any Kind.
SALONICA, Sept. 6. (Special.) It Is
now possible to describe the methods and
alms of the Young Turk party, which
has achieved so complete and astonish
ing a success. Not the least curious fea
ture of the story is the secrecy of the
organization and the suddenness of the
final developments. Macedonia Is stud
ded with observant pairs of European
eyes belonging to gendarmerie officers,
Consuls and Vice-Consuls, whose vigil
ance Is rarely relaxed, yet there is no
one who does not confess himself sur
prised by what has taken place. The
East has kept Its own secret, according
to. its Immemorial custom. Bewildered
skepticism has now given way to general
satisfaction at the present Idyllic condl
tion of affairs and to a solid, though not
fully assured, hope for the future.
The new phase of the Toung Turk
movement, which has culminated In
successful rising In European Turkey,
began three years ago with the forma
tion of a secret committee of liberty. A
Young Turkish organization had long
existed, but Its members were chiefly ex
lies and Its center was Paris. Murad Bey,
1 lis lormer jtrttuei, uv5, uniuiiuuaicij.
nnr nrnof nralnat the blandishments Of
Ylldez Kiosk. He deserted the cause
and. betraying his. agents, returned to
Constantinople. Like some other offi
cials, he has now had the effrontery to
telegraph to the Young Turk committee
a declaration that he had always strug
gled In their behalf.
Hampered by Spies;
Others were more stout-hearted, and
Ahmed Riza Bey and his friends con
tinued to. labor at Paris to promote a
liberal propaganda In Turkey, but the
ramifications of the system of espionage
made the difficulties of the task insur
mountable for an outside organization.
The committee of liberty was formed In
Turkey Itself and Its most active center
was Salonica. On hearing of Its forma
tion the Young Turks of Paris sent an
emissary with a proposal that. In order
to promote common action, It should
adopt the title of the Paris organiza
tion, the Ottoman Committee of Union
and Progress, and should appoint the
members of the Paris committee as Its
delegates. This proposal was adopted
and Ahmed Rlza Bey and his colleagues
have been the trusted agents abroad of
the association In Turkey.
The new organization consisted chiefly
of servants of the government, civil and
military, with a goodly proportion 01
young officers. The nature of the force
which produced it Is now evident. me
old discontent with the misgovernment
and oppression of the country never re
sulted In any effective Internal move
ment for reform. The European reform
schemes have laid the train and kindled
the spark and the powers, with quite an
other Intent, have indirectly caused this
amazing revolution.
Notified by Europeans.
To the" Turks the advent-of the Euro
pean officers and the imposition or re
form from without have been unspeak
able mortifications and have engendered
the bitterest hatred of the corrupt re
gime at Yildlz Kiosk, which, by Its Im
potence, tyranny and provocative atti
tude towards the rayah, exposed the
empire to continual humiliations. The
Ineptitude of the government was demon
strated In a striking object-lesson by the
fact that the foreign officers, although
their authority was ' cut down to the
lowest point and their activities ham
pered at every turn, succeeded In turn
ing the gendarmerie Into a smart- well
dressed and well-drilled force, while the
powers Insisted that It. should be regu
larly paid.
The contrast between the condition of
the gendarmerie under foreign surveil
lance and the condition of the army, at
the mercy of their own corrupt and
shiftless rulers, was a bitter one for of
fleers and men. The plunder of the em
pire by European- concession-hunters and
long series of Ignominious Incidents in
creased the hatred of the palace.
And there appears to have been also In
Macedonia a prevalent conviction among
the Turks that the attitude of the palace
towards, the Macedonian question, Its en
couragement of the bands, and stubborn
opposition to reform, would Inevitably
end in the loss of the whole of European
Turkey
Freemasonry Is Basis.
The Salonica committee set vigorously
to work. It saw clearlv that the only
way to wring a constitution from the
Sultan was by force, and conceived the
plan of a general strike of the troops on
some critical occasion. The Third Army
Corps, stationed at Macedonia, was made
the special object of Its attentions and
the new propaganda Infected the officers
with extraordinary speed. Local com
mittees were formed everywhere, no unit
of the army being neglected. The finer
etalls of organization must be still with
held from the public, but Its basis Is
Freemasonry, which In the . last three
years has grown prodigiously In Turkey.
The Salonica Freemasons, whose very
existence was hitherto a profound secret,
were photographed with their orders and
decorations on Constitution day.
The committee has no officials of any
kind, either at Salonica or elsewhere. A
chairman is elected to preside over each
sitting, but he has no further authority;
and meetings are summoned by the mem
bers In general by word of mouth. They
ave now, however, a recognized rendez
vous, where business Is transacted and
the members are ordinarily to be found.
At Salonica the Sultan has presented the
White Tower Garden and building to the
committee for Its use as a club and by
thus mentioning It In an trade, has
transformed i.t from an Informal body
without legal existence Into a legal en
tity of which the state Is cognizant.
Had Help From Paris.
A great deal of help In the work of
i-ganlzatlon "came from the Paris com
mittee, but It Is not clear how far finan
cial assistance was rendered from out
side. The whole work was done with
Ingularly little expense, as the emlssa-
es in general worked for 'Hove," while
officers and officials all contributed tbelr
rnftes, whenever money came their way.
The feudal beys of Macedonia are also
for the most part ardent supporters of
the Young Turks and a good harvest
brought some gold to the committee's
treasury. But, naturally, the committee
did not neglect the other parts of the
empire in their propaganda.. .
The Second -Army Corps, at Adrlanople,
was Inoculated with the virus, and spe
cial attention was also paid to Asia
Minor. Thus when the Anatolian bat
talions were brought from Smyrna to
crush the movement at Monastir, they
declared themselves friends and were
sworn to the constitution as soon as they
arrived.
The activities of the Salonica commit
tee did not entirely escape the notice
of the spies of the palace. In March
series or raids and perquisitions were
made and a commission was sent from
Constantinople to collect evidence against
suspected persons, but so widespread had
the propaganda now become among offi
cials and omcers that It continued un
checked. Additional efforts were made to dis
rupt the committee, probably by means
of bribery, which nearly proved success
ful, and It was then resolved to act, and
to act quickly. Consequently the con
stitution was proclaimed by a -small force
In the Reana Hills In the name of the
Ottoman Committee of Union and Progress..
SOLDIERS MID THEATER
AVE.NGE IXSULT FROM USHERS
IN CHINESE PLAYHOUSE.
Ill-Feellng Between Military Men
and Civilians in Soochow Re
sults in Free Fight .
SHANGHAI, S.?pt. 6. (Special.) The
Shanghai Times prints a lively story from
Soochow. It "appears that soldiers and
citizens In that district are on indifferent
terms, -and when four soldiers, carrying
pet birds, entered a theater recently to
see the play, and were asked to cover the
cages so that disturbance might not arise,
they not only regarded the attendant
with a frigid stare, but assaulted him for
his Impertinence In making the sugges
tion. The servants of the theater
gathered In a body, beating the soldiers
In turn, and handing over two to the
police. The two who were handed over
were taken to.the ramp for punishment,
Cut they seem to have aroused Instead
tho sympathy of their comrades, and a
hundred soldiers determined to raid the
theater on the morrow.
Their designs became known, and 200
unemployed but eager ' men rose up ' on
the Instant to defend the theater with
their lives. Unfortunately, the soldiers
did not come on the Instant and the valor
of the voluntary army oozed away, till
t length the last man had gone prob
ably Inside and when the soldiers ar
rived they carried the box-office by storm.
.Having obtained entrance to the buil-ding,
they set about belaboring the spectators
with long sticks, as a consequence of
which action the show broke up rather
suddenly, but iio one was seriously hurt.
After matters had quieted down, the
Chtuese' officials approached" the scene,
and made Inquiry for the officer of the
camp, who, it turned out, had Just run
away. In his absence, they beat the
soldiers, and left them with arrows stuck
In the backs of their ears. .' -:
Negro Lyncned in Georgia.
ALBANY, Ga., Sept. 5. John Towne, a
negro accused of assault on Mrs. . Joseph
Wheeler last Thursday, was captured at
Damascus, Ga., and late last night taken
out and lynched.
REDS IN CONGRESS
Russian Nihilists Hold Secret
Convention in London.
WILL MAP OUT CAMPAIGN
In
Delegates Represent Extremists
Revolutionary Party Spies
Faithfully Report All
Proceedings.
LONDON, Sept. 6. (Special.) Nihilists
abound In London, at present, for these
enemies of the Czar have come here from
all parts of the world to attend a secret
conference . In this city to decide upon
what Is to-be done In Russia. The men
and women, for there are many women
among them, have been drawn from the
most extreme members of the Russian
Revolutionary party.
"Many of them have come here," said
a Secret Service man who Is one of the
greatest authorities on anarchists and
their doings, to me last night, "with
ordinary passports, and some of them
have come with none, but it Is certain
that the Russian government knows all
about them and In spite of all their pre
cautions every word which is uttered,
nothing Is written, will be faithfully re
ported to the Russian police by means of
the spies who obtain admission as. mem
bers. You can be sure that out of the
80 members there are about ten Informers.
"There Is no doubt that this congress
Is a revolutionary parliament of a very
advanced type for the discussion of Rus
sian politics and quite different from the
Social Democratic Congress or last year,
although some persons have been In both
assemblies."
The members of the congress began to
assemble yesterday morning about 10
o'clock. No one In the vicinity of the
hall eeemed to be aware of their coming
as by ones and twos they passed Into
the narrow doorway. They had attracted
no special notice on previous mornings
from the neighboring residents and shop
keepers.
A thorough system of watch and ward
had evidently been established, for when
anyone approached who might be sus
pected of an endeavor to obtain surrep
titious admission signals were unob
truslvely yet' effectively given by scouts
by movements of the hands and arms.
Anxious faces occasionally appeared at a
small window on the first floor and hand
signals were passed as an inquiring face
peered upwards; but the countersign not
being forthcoming the signaler disap
Deared.
Catering arrangements nad been made
to prevent much passing in and out of
the building during the day and so the
morning passed away without any one
leaving. In the early part of the after
noon a young man emerged. Interrogated
In French, German and Russian he re
sponded In the latter language, "I should
be shot If I told you anything." He
added, with a mocking smile, "If you
want to know anything why don't you
go Insider
would have thought that "Immortals"
are Incorrigible smokers? Two great
men In effigy have suffered in conse
quence. The marble bust of Merimee
was formerly placed In the vestibule
of the Institute of France In a handy
corner. Academicians found the mar
ble Merimee particularly convenient
for lighting up as they went In or out,
and struck their matches for years on
the hapless neck of the author of the
story of Carmen. Merimee had long
been streaked and unsightly and the
chief porter out of respect for him at
length removed the bust. In Its place
he put Jules Favre, either because he
hoped the statesman would awe the
"Immortals" more, or because his com
plexion mattered less.
Anyhow, the academicians respected
him not a whit more than the writer.
and the bust of Jules Favre now suf
fers from the same streaky complaint
as did that of Merimee, and in an even
more acute form. It seems that Jules
Favre Is In a special kind of Carrara
marble, with a comparatively rough
surface, which Is even better than the
Merimee marble for lighting French
matches, which, as Is known, require
rather violent methods of ignition.
The chief porter has given Jules Favre
up In despair, and the statesman will
now permanently be left to his fate as
the matchbox of the "Immortals.
ELF IN WORKHOUSE
Dwarf Caught by Irish Police
. Said to Be Leprechaun.
QUEER STORIES EXPLAINED
Peasants Search for Months for Mys
terkras "Spirit of Good Iuck,"
Who Is Probably Harmless '
Little Lunatic. 'I
MPL1GATES KING PETER
COXSPIRATOR SAYS MONARCH
ORGANIZED BOMB PLOT.
IMMORTALS ARE VANDALS
French Academicians Scratch Their
Matches on Busts of Famous Men.
PARIS, Sept. 5. (Special.) Who
WOMEN AMONG BRITISH NOBILITY
YACHT-SAILING FAD
TO HAVE
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life fSMmiiismg
Jill ill; t " illfl MWIIS$MMSSm
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Object Aggrandizement of Servia by
Utter Extinction of Monte
negrin Dynasty.
BERLIN, Sept. 5. (Special.) An amaz
ing book, the confessions of a conspira
tor, has Just been published at Budapest.
It contains detalis of a widespread
Southern Slav conspiracy for the aggran
dizement of Servia, and the most direct
accusations against King Peter of being
the organizer of the bomb plot for the
extinction of the Montenegrin dynasty.
The volume Is entitled "Finale." and the
author Is George Nastvich, the young
revolutionary whose revelations at the
trial in Cettlnle of those concerned In
the plot against Prince Nicholas brought
the proceedings to a close and caused
sentence to be passed on most of the 60
old prisoners. Nastich declares himself
appalled by the conspirators' aim and he
says he must free his conscience even at
the peril of his life.
He declares that the aim of the con
spiracy Is to incorporate Montenegro
and the Slav provinces of Austria-Hun
gary under the Servian power. falav of
ficers and men In the Austrian army have
been won over and the work Is steadily
proceeding, directed, Nastltch declares,
by King Peter and his son and the dig
nitaries of the Servian court.
He gives a list of the head of the revo
lutionary organization and a draft of the
statute of same. The names Included
those of the president of the Servian Par
liament, of Captain Nenadoyitch, a near
relative and Intimate friend of King
Peter, and of a score of well-known men
In Servia, merchants, army officers and
civil servants. Among them Is the di
rector of the Servian state ammunition
factory at Kragjevetz. who made the
bombs destined to kill the Prince of
Montenegro. The Servian Crown Prince,
according to Nastltch, supervised the
manufacture of the bombs and gave
J1000 towards the cost. The support given
to the conspirators by the Servian For
eign Office Is not denied. All their ex
penses were defrayed from state funds.
"And the lnsplrer of the whole move
ment?" says Nastltch. "My readers will
guess who this abandoned wretch is,
and the whole world will be aware that
it is the same criminal who assassinated
King Alexander and Queen Draga, there
by branding the forehead of the Servian
nation forever with a brand of shame.1
In - consequence of Nastltch's disclos
ures the brothers valerian and Alllan
Pribitschewltch, a professor and an army
lieutenant, respectively, have been ar
rested on a charge of high treason. Adam
Prlbltschlowltch. a Croatian deputy to
the Hungarian Parliament, has attempted
suicide In prison. There have already
been a large number of arrests In Cro
atia and more are expected.
DUBLIN, Sept 6. (Special.) There Is
great excitement In County Westmeath.
Safely lodged in Mulllngar workhouse la
a little being whom the people of that
district believe to be the leprechaun.
the mannlkln enormously rich who.
clad In old-time Irish cut of garb, with
red swallow-tailed coat adorned with tiny
brass buttons, had from time Imme
morial gambolled In the moonlight and
lived in Ireland's glens and lonely places.
Whether the little man has treasures of
gold and silver as the leprechaun Is be
lieved to have hidden In the earth, to
which he will lead his captors, remains
to be seen.
The snlrlt of good luck, hundreds of
people have been searching for him. For
more than two months strange stories
have come from the Killough district
about the appearance of the leprechaun.
Frequent visions of the little man were
vouched for In the most emphatic man
ner by several school children, some of
whom, when coming along the road on
occasions greatly surprised their elders
by suddenly shouting: "Look at him,"
and pointing Into a field or wood and
following the movements of something
which the seniors could not see.
Found by Policemen.
It was two policemen who found a
creature of dwarfish proportions In a
wood near Mulllngar and took him to the
workhouse. There he eats greedily, but
his only reply to the observations ad
dressed to him Is something between a
growl and a squeal. The lnmatea re
gard him with Interest mingled with
awe.
The other day the gates of the work
house were surrounded with children
clamoring to see the leprechaun. Many
people of a more mature age also called,
but the officials would admit no visitors.
An exception was made, however. In the
case of a representative of the press.
The little man was seated on a bench
near a nre. tie was ciad in woricnouse
clothes, and beside him were two clay
pipes and some tobacco, in which . he
freely Indulged.
Interviewed by Reporter.
He took my proffered hand," writes
the correspondent, "and shook It lightly
between his thin fingers. He appears be
tween 30 and 40 years of age. Continuous
conversation was impossible with him,
as after a few words he broke Into gib
berish, ejaculating the sounds. 'Me, me,
me. On, on, on.' One minute his face was-
all smiles; the next his expression was
ludicrously solemn.
'Asked If he knew where the gold was
hidden, he answered with the ejaculations
above referred to. His appearance was
certainly not at all supernatural, and
to the medical officer he seemed a little
being not quite sound mentally."
PROBE SHIP SUBSIDIES
Japanese Government Will Invest!"
gate Workings of System.
CHI BUYS TELEGRAPHS
FORCES OWNER OF PROFITABLE
SYSTEM TO SELL.
DCCHESS OF WESTMINSTER. WHO WON SIUCH ADMIRATION BY
SAILING HER OWN YACHT DURING "COWES WEEK."
LONDON, Sept. 5. (Special.) 'Cowes week" Is responsible for a
new fad, which was started during the visit of royalty by the Duchess
of Westminster. She was the only woman who sailed her own yacht,
and the enthusiasm with which her feats of seamanship were received
by the yachtsmen assembled there resulted In many a resolve on the
part of other women of the smart set to. acquire somewhat of her
skill In the handling of a yacht.
The Duchess sailed her speedy yacht Sorals entirely without the
Duke's assistance. Her handling of the trim craft excited general ad
miration and even royalty Joined In praise of her cleverness. The fad
which she has started for English and continental ports is likely to
extend to the other side of the Atlantic, so that fair leaders of the
Newport set may soon be seen trying their skill In handling the luxuri
ous big yachts of the American millionaires.
Government's Hlgh-Handed Action
Deprecated' by Many Statesmen.
Tends' to Frighten Investors.
SHANGHAI. Sept. 5. (Special.) The un
wisdom of tho Chinese government In
taking over at the present time the sys
tem of telegraphs which now covers the
provinces with a network of communica
tion is a leading topic of discussion and
criticism In Chinese society. Most per
sons agree that the forced transfer of the
telegraphs to the Chinese government Is
high-handed act, and there Is a strong
tendency to attribute the desire to pos
sess them to the ract that they have
proved remunerative. It Is freely stated
that the government cannot leave pos
sible sources of revenue unexplolted, and
this aspect of the situation, it is stated.
will militate strongly against railway.
mining and other Investments for which
there Is at the present time pressing
necessity in order to sssist In the develop
ment of the country, the fear b?ing wioe-
spread that the government would, when
such schemes were seen to be profitable.
nter upon possession without prooer re
gard to the rights of original share
holders.
At the request of the telegraph adviser
of he Board of Posts and Communica
tions, Cheng PI, the president of the
board, will establish a factory in Tientsin
for the manufacture of all the material
which is likely to be required for exten
sions of the telegraph system which are
rrojected, ana which the impending ra
tionalization scheme will involve. It is
expected that th-3 new lines and exten-
slors which are cor.templated will in
volve 10.000 miles.
TOKIO. Sept. 6. (Special.) It is re
ported that the Japanese department of
communications has In contemplation the
appointment of a commission for the In
vestigation of shipping subsidies. The
Idea Is to inquire into the results obtained
by the laws for the encouragement of
shipbuilding and navigation now in force.
and the necessity or otherwise or tneir
revision. At the same time, the director
of the shipping bureau will be dispatched
to Europe and America for the Investiga
tion of the practice in vogue In the west
In similar matters.
Writing with reference to the subject,
the Jiji Shim-po remarks that an amend
ment to the two laws referred to has
more than once become tne suDjecc ot
discussion In the Diet, and as the term
of contract for the subsidy of the Euro
pean and American steamship lines will
expire at the end of the next fiscal year.
It is not unnatural that the attention of
the authorities should be directed to the
matter. Generally speaking, the JIJI says
Japan's efforts In this direction have been
successful, and while as a result of the
investigations to be undertaken the gov
ernment may perhaps find it necessary
to readjust the amount of subsidies. It
would be unwise to endanger, by a par
simonious policy, the foundation of an
Industry which has been nurtured with
much care. '
It may be mentioned that the amount of
special bounties- paid by the Japanese
government during the past nine years
reached $50,000,000, while the total ship
ping subsidies for- the current year are
estimated to reach the sum of 110,000,000.
ENGLAND GOING TO DOGS
Germany Adopts Turbines.
BERLIN, Sept. S. (Special.) The
German Navy Department has decided
to Install a great plant for the manu
facture of the turbine engines with
which a large number of German war
ships are being equipped. Parsons' tur
bines were formerly used' exclusively
on German cruisers, but they are being
steadily supplanted by those turned out
by German firms. Eight of the torpedo
boats will be fitted with German tur
bines. Turbines have heretofore been
used only experimentally In German
torpedoboata.
Army and Xavy Fall Into Bad Ways,
Says Socialist.
0
LONDON, Sept. 6. (Special.) "What
Is the British Government doing what
Is the British Nation doing to guard
against a danger which Is visible tf)
every one except itself?" thundered L.
J. Maxse, the well-known editor of the
National Review at a political meeting
at Dorking yesterday. "Our ministers
of state divide their time between play
ing ducks and drakes with the British
Navy and running amuck in the British
Army. For every one pound Germany
adds to her naval expenditure we knock
off a pound of ours, and while Germany
keeps her battle fleet compact and con- j
centrated under a single command, we
break up ours into Insignificant frag- '
ments, each of which is inferior to '
the German High Sea fleet, because for
sooth the Admirals on snore are too
Jealous of the Admirals afloat to allow 1
any of them to haie a decent command. ;
A similar process of disintegration Is
at work In the Army.
This is not a party question It is a :
national question, it is a people's ques- j
tion, it Is the greatest question, before
tha peopl"