The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current, June 07, 1908, SECTION THREE, Image 30

The Sunday Oregonian., June 07, 1908, SECTION THREE, Page 6, Image 30

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Newspaper Page Textfr THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, JUNE 7, 1908. SUBSCRIPTION KATES. INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. (By Mall.) Dally, Sunday Included, on year '? X: Dally. Sunday Included. lx months.... 4 bally, Sunday Included, three months., it Dally, Sunday Included, one month.... .T Dally, without Sunday, one year J.w Daily, without Sunday. els months.... 3 4a Dally, without Sunday, three months., i.ij Tlallv lthni.t C.mHav nnk montD...... Sundnr om ver 2 SO Weekly, one year (Issued Thursday) Sunday, and weekly, one year ISO a go BY CARRIER. Dally. Sunday Included, one year.. 900 Dally. Sunday Included, one month " HOW TO REMIT Send postoftice mone) order, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamp, coin of currency are at the sender's risk. Give postofrlce o dreas In full, including- countv ana state. POSTAGE RATES. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postoftice as Fecond-Class Matter. . 10 to 14 Page t ! 16 to 28 Page D 80 to 44 Pages J 5" 46 to 60 Pages ; cenU Foreign postage, double rates. IMPORTANT The postal laws are tT,ct Nespayers on which postage Is not '"' prepaid are not forwarded to destination. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. The s. C. Beckwlth Special Airf"0-??? Toik. rooms 48-50 Tribune bunding, t-ni-cago. rooms filO-512 Tribune building. KEPT ON 8ALK. Chicago Auditorium Annex: Postoftice News Co., 178 Dearborn street; Empire rews Stand. St. Paul. Minn. N. Ste. Marie. Commer cial Station Colorado Springs, Colo. H. H. BelL Denver Hamilton & Kendrlck. 006-912 Seventeenth street; Pratt Book Store. 1214 Fifteenth street; H. P. Hansen. S. Bice. George Carson. Kansas City. M--Rlekeerlier Clrar Co.. Ninth and Walnut; Toma News Co. Minneapolis M. Cavanaugh, 60 South Third. Cincinnati. O. Toma News Co. Cleveland. O. James Pushaw. SOT Super ior street Washington. I. C. Ebbltt House. Four teenth and F streets; Columbia News Co. Pittsburg. Pa. Fort Pitt News Co. Philadelphia, Pa. Ryan's Theater Ticket Office, Penn News Co.; A. P, KemWe, S35 Lancaster avenue. New York City Hotaling-s news stands. 1 Park Row. 38th and Broadway. 42d and Broadway and Proadway and 29th. Tele phone 6314. Single copies delivered; L. Jones & Co., Astor House; Broadway The ater News Stand; Empire News Stand. Ogden. D. L. Boyle: Lowe Bros.. 114 Twenty-flfth street. Omaha. Barkalow Bros.. Union etatlon', Uageath Stationery Co.; Kemp Arenson. lies Moines, la. Mose Jacobs. Fresno, Cal. Tourist News Co. Sacramento. Cal. Sacramento News Co., 430 K. street: Amos News Co. Salt Lake. Moon Book & Stationery Co.. Bosenfeld & Hansen; G. W- Jewett. P. O. corner; Stelpeck Bros. Long Beach Cat- B. E. Amos. Pasadena. CaL Amos News Co, ban Diego. B. E. Amos. San Jose. Emerson. W. Houston, Tex. International News Agency Dallas, Tex. Southw-estern News Agent. 44 Main street; also two street wagons. Fort Worth, Tex. Southwestern N. and A. Agency. Amarlll. Tex. -Tlmmons ft Pop. San Francisco.--t oster A Orear: Ferry News Stand; Hotel St. Francis News Stand; L. Parent; N- Wheatley; Falrmount Hotel News Stand; Amos News Co.; United News Agency. 14 Eddy street; B. K. Amos, man ager three wagons; Worlds N. 8.. 623 A. stutter street. Oakland, Cal. W. H. Johnson, Fourteenth and Franklin streets; N. Wheatley; Oakland News Stand; B. B. Amos, manager live Wagons; Wellingham, E. O. Uoldtleld. Nev. Louie Follln. Eureka, Cal. Call-Chronicle Agency; Eu reka News Co. PORTLAND, SUNDAY. JCNE 1, 1908. ECONOHIC CONDITIONS. Rapid change of economic condi tion throughout the world has changed the view and interpretation of the eo-called prlhciples of political economy; so that Adam Smith, Malthus, Ricardo- and Mill are now read chiefly for the history of the IdeaB and theories they present; for though there is much in the so-called science, the "political economy" of one stage of the world's history cannot be that of another. Use of. machinery and development of transportation have superseded the old writers on political economy, and they will ndt come ihto Use again till some cycle of the world's affairs, resulting from Increase of the world's population and from Very complete appropriation of the morld's natural resources, shall re-establish the world over those con ditions of life that existed in Western Europe at the time when the works of the old standard economists were written. Malthus was right, for his time and for the circumstances in which he studied and about which he wrote. His theory of population was unques tionably true for that time and for those conditions. But steam and trans portation have changed everything, by changing the food problem. The con gested centers of population In Europe now obtain food cheaper than it was one hundred years ago, from every quarter of the globe: Malthus, there fore, reposes on the back shelves of old libraries, Ricardo, with his theor ies of rent, the same. Yet as a literary and historical study all this possesses interest. Ricardo taught that man began with cultiva tion of the best soils, and that as population Increased he was driven to poorer ones. He therefore placed his primitive man down In the undralned swamp, and later drove him up the hills; his condition, therefore, became one of increasing poverty and deeper slavery. But in fact man always be gins with the soils easiest to cultivate, which are usually the poorest, for nature's heaviest growths are on the richer soils. Only as- wealth and power of association and combination have increased, has he been able to drain, clear and cultivate the richer soils. Malthus taught that man In creased more rapidly than food could be produced, and that the only way to keep down the population to the supply of food was to be found in war, famine and pestilence. This was a cheerful and consoling law for. those In England who wanted cheap cab bages and lentils and potatoes and men and women. Even Darwin and Spencer were affected with the belief in this Indictment of the Almighty. Spencer demonstrated the existence of a beautiful law of population by which the power of procreation was in In verse ratio to the power to sustain life. Steam and coal and electricity and means of rapid transport have sent all these Ideas to the dust heap. They can be revived only when the earth shall be so full" of people that cultivation in all lands shall have reached Its utmost limits, and the whole population of the earth becomes too great for our common mother to feed it. Considering the areas in both hemispheres yet uncultivated, that time would appear to be still far away. Of course. In particular localities, where the population Is very dense, there always will be poverty and pres sure on the means of subsistence. But what can be done about it? Nothing, by any general theory whatever. If Individuals must work out for them selves their salvation for .another world, they certainly must work out for themselves the main problem of existence in this. Society and government can do something, but not much. They can not compel the energetic few to do very much for the improvident many. The attempt at all times goes about to the limit of practicability. But If pushed far the result will be con tinual and rapid diminution of the energetic few and increase of the Im provident many. These are the rea sons why anybody and everybody who had any real or solid property, any thing they could depend on, or had accumulated by labor or received J through inheritance, united to vote down the single land tax. "WHAT SHALL WE SAY, THEN?" The First District has in W. C. Haw ley a Representative in Congress who at preseht is In 'high favor and Is worthy of It. He now is elected for the second time. He ought to be elected straight along twelve times, and fifteen times, for he is worthy. His worth, however, may count for little. Under the existing system every "cheap skate" in the district is Invited to become a candidate against him; and since the majority is large, and since it tempts each and every one to the belief that he can be elect ed, after a while they will conspire to pull Hawley down; and the voters of the district, taking up some silly fad, advocated by a "friend of the people," will supersede him. But it will re main that a man can serve his state best who 1b kept continuously In Con gress. If the people of the First Dis trict will send Hawley back five times they will see what position a Repre sentative honored thus by his constit uents will attain. But the First District voted heavlly against the State University its prin cipal institution, and Multnomah had to save It. That looks ill for the fu ture of Hawley. Yet, perhaps he rnay help to educate his constituents. In Oregon there is every need of eane men. Never Was such need be fore. Ah Immense body of the people has gone daft. Long isolation from the currents of the world has devel oped groups of utopists and hobby ists among them; who, if agreeing in nothing else, agree to fight constitu tional limitations on one side, and true progressive principles on the other. It Is chaos. True enough, they declare themselves the apostles of progress. But it Is progress backwards. It comes from contempt of the lessons of experience and of history, and from desire to supersede rational principles, by substitution of whimsical notions and local ideals. The First District ought to have stood by the university; and all Oregon needs deliverance from the narrow, provincial mind. We are advertising ourselves to the country in a most unfavorable manner. Every. crank and mattoid will pack his Valise for Oregon. Return to common sense and to the rule of judgment. Is the first thing we must fight for, and re demption of Oregon from reputation of folly. HE OF THE SMALL OHtLLINO. What is a communist? One who is willing To divide your big guinea with his small shilling. This bit of old jingle is suggested every day In the week by the blather of some self-appointed adjuster of financial and industrial conditions In the overworked and grotesquely twist ed name "reform." Whether this ef fort appears under the single-tax label, the profit-sharing scheme of the bold demand of a per capita division of the available money of the world, its meaning Is the same. Its cry, under whatever hame, reaches the sluggish ear ofldlehess and awakens it to a sense of grievance; the sordid ear of greed and Increases its desire for un earned Increment; the fretful ear of Incompetence and makes It hearken favorably to any scheme Whereby it may stand side by side with forceful ability when the returns of thrift come in; the Vicious ear of crime and fur nishes it an excuse for robbery and murder. Its purpose is not always openly stated, but it Is at best but thinly veiled by platform platitudes, street Corner verbiage and the reason ing of long-winded newspaper corre spondents. It delights especially in calling "con ventions" In which "relief" is demand ed now for one condition incldeht to human folly, misfortune, evolution and misery, and now for another. Of late "the unemployed" have posed or have been posed by exponents of this effort as special subjects for the considera tion of municipal authorities and state lawgivers, , and many plans wrought out in the spirit of the "yellow horse" in Kipling's sketch, '.'The "Walking Del egate," have been formulated. One of these conventions was called recently in New York City by 3. Eads How, of St. Louis, chairman of the National Committee of the Unem ployed. In response to the call some 600 or BOO men assembled, and at the suggestion of salaried "leaders" reso lutions were passed "demanding" that the Legislature of New York at once appropriate (6,000,000 for Improving the condition of the roadways, deepen ing and improving waterways and oth er municipal and state work upon which the unemployed were to be en gaged without delay at union Wages. It Is not of the smallest consequence to these reformers that the Legislature Is thus asked to repeal a law not or its making the law of supply and demand. The probability that a law manufactured demand for labor would lead to an oversupply that would, in the natural course of events, operate to reduce wages was not Considered, "ste state was to be held up for union wages in disbursing the $6,000,000 de manded without regard to the capa bility of the worker, the number de manding employment or the certainty that even the large sum to be dis bursed undcH- these resolutions would have no appreciable effect upon the conditions for the "relief" of which It was demanded. It is interesting In this connection in our own state at present to note that these "reformers" of industrial conditions In the great State of New York declared In favor of the initiative and referendum and a co-operative commonwealth, as a final solution of the problem of idleness and poverty, and, of course, of human vice and mis ery. It Is surprising that the manipu lators of fads and fancies in Oregon politics overlooked these vital points bearing upon the untrammelled lib erties of "the people" when institut ing the initiative and calling the ref erendum this year. However, with so i many "problems" calling for instant solution and but one U'Ren In the land and one Bourne in Congress, It was too much to expeot that all could be solved at one election. When we come to the problem of the unemployed the problem of Idleness and poverty that will be easy. For have we not the all powerful law- of initiative and refer endum? Let the fellow with the big guinea look to it; he or the small shilling Is after him, not only willing to divide In accordance with the code of the communist, but boasting his power to compel the long-desired division. FEDERAL CONTROL OF PILOTAGE. The Louisiana legislature, now in session. Is Wrestling with the old ques tion of control over the pilots hand ling shipping between New Orleans and the sea. The situation at the mouth of the Mississippi Is more com plicated ihd troublesome than at other Atlantic ports because two sets of pilots are required to bring a vessel from the gulf to New Orleans and the charges are not only burdensome on shipping, but there has been much complaint over poor service. The sit uation in this respect bears a strik ing resemblance to that Which has caused Portland so much trouble at the entrance of the Columbia. At New Orleans, as at the entrance of the Columbia, there is a "close cor poration" 6f pilots acting under spe cial "branch" licenses Issued by the state. For years these pilots have handled the service in any manner that suited their own convenience and desires, regardless of the effect their independence was having on shipping. This poor and expensive service at the mouth of the river became so ob jectionable to foreign shipowners a few years ago, that a freight differen tial was levied against the port, and maintained until the O. R. & N. Co., at ah expense of many thousands an nually, was obliged to absorb the pilot charges. Even after paying the exor bitant rates 'Which the present law permits, neither the railroad company nor the Portland shipping men had any control ovet the service and no distinction was permitted between a good pilot and a poor one. Naturally this Imperfect and trade-hampering system is highly detrimental to the port, and it Is imperative that some reform should be inaugurated. The New Orleans papers. Which have been fighting the Mlississtppl pilot ring for years, seem to have abandoned hope of any legislation that will place the work on ah economical, good service baslB, and are now calling for Federal Control over both bar and river pilots. In some respects this plan possesses decided advantages over any legisla tive control that could be secured. In Portland we have had an oppor tunity to test the workings of Federal control over the river pilots. Wheh the Oregon Legislature passed a law abolishing compulsory pilotage on the river, the best pilots In the service continued with their work, operating exclusively under licenses granted them by the Federal Government. Control by the Government over their actions extended simply to require ment of faithful performance of their duties, and, ill case of collision or other trouble, the pilots were answer able to the Federal Inspectors. Since repeal of the compulsory pilotage law on the river, the river pilotage service has been the best the port has ever known, and there have been but few complaints of excessive charges, the law of supply and demand being al ways in operation to prevent excessive toll being levied on shipping. But the bar is still at the mercy of the little band or pilots having headquarters at Astoria, and, until the repeal of the compulsory law makes them answerable to the Federal Gov ernment, and dissolves the present close corporation there will be trouble and needless expense and delay for shipping. The advantages of non compulsory pilotage have been so ef fectually demonstrated on the river that there is no longer the slightest doubt about the necessity Tor extend ing the system to the bar. The mat ter is one of great importance for Portland, as well as for all other ports along the river, and should receive at tention at the next meeting of the Legislature. A STEP IN ADVANCE. Open Air pavilions are being built on the asylum grounds at Salem for the use and benefit of tuberculosis pa tients of the state hospital for the in sane. Having been led up to this stage by the Blow evolution of public opin ion, public conscience and scientific knowledge in the treatment of the In sane, this and other humane methods pertaining to the care and restraint of these 'unfortunates, pass almost without notice. It Is easy to recall, however, the time, in relatively close touch with our own, when the Insane .Were looked Upon as Wild beasts of the most dangerous and revolting type, and In accordance with this view were caged and left to wear their wretched lives away with only such care la the way of food, warmth and clothing, as sufficed to meet their scantiest physical needs. Thofew insane of the Oregon pioneer era formed no excep tion to this manner of treatment. They were simply penned up In bare quar ters In connection with the poor homes In which they had suffered bitter pri vation, even before thir wits had fled, fed at arm's length through an aper ture made in the log cabin wall for that purpose by so-called attendants, who Were afraid of them or regarded them with superstitious horror, and left to their mutterings, pleadings or ravings. It was the knowledge of some such conditions as this, in which a few wretchedly demented or violently in sane persons dwelt, that aroused the late Dr. Hawthorne of this city, and his associate. Dr. Loryea, to establish a private institution for the treatment of the insane, which was the nucleus of our present state insane asylum. That was more than half a century ago. The world has grown in knowl edge and grace during the intervening period, and in no other direction has It grown more rapidly than in the under standing and treatment of the insane. Oregon has kept full step with thlB growth. Of this fact the generosity and enlightenment of our people, as worked out in the large and well equipped buildings in which the insane are housed, and the fine and ample grounds that surround them, bear testimony. In the care of the feeble minded, and the lack of provision for the segregation of this most helpless and harmless class from the insane, the state has long been remiss in duty, but intelligent and ungrudged provi sion has been made almost from the i first for the large class of adult Insane. Official peculation has at times. It is true, preyed upon this great charity and subordinated its needs to per sonal gain; politicians have now and again fattened upon the appropria tions made for its support and better ment; but humanity has triumphed over these baser instincts in the main, and grqwth along substantial and approved ways In the treatment and care of the insane has been steady. The open air pavilions now Under con struction on the grounds for the use of tuberculosis patients, as reported by the State Board of Health, are in further evidence upon this point. It is a step in advance, one that goes forward to meet a condition of human misfortune and misery that, being without remedy, calls Upon medical science for such amelioration of Its sufferings as It Is possible to provide. LEGAL ETHICS. There is nothing really new In the code of ethics which the American Bar Association has lately formulated. It Is merely a statement of very old principles of conduct which most lawyers have professed and some, we hope, have practiced for centuries. The most interesting of them relate to the lawyer's duty to his client. How far may he go in defending a man whom he believes to be guilty? The new Code says he may see that the client enjoys all those rights which the law grants him; but the lawyer is not obliged to do everything possible to save his client from punishment. Certainly he is not under obligation to break the law in order to protect a lawbreaker. So much for the code. Its Ideals are Worshipful and One fond ly wishes that they may be put in practice. But experience offers only slender cause for expecting -that they will. Lawyers have always boasted of their exalted ethics, but It Is a mat ter of common observation that the e'hics was kept mostly for boasting and not much for use. Nobody who knows the ways of the world will expect that the members of the legal profession will change their customary course of conduct In the slightest degree on account of the hew code. It signifies merely that some leading lawyers, whose conduct is al ready Irreproachable, acknowledge that certain of their brethren are less Immaculate. But It provides ho effec tive Way to make the sinners better and no way can be provided, in ail likelihood, until competition becomes less severe. It Is competition within the profession that lowers the moral tone of lawyers. The struggle Tor ex istence among them is severe. To earn their bread and keep up appear ances they are compelled to do what their better nature condemns, just as other men are. Lawyers are.no worse than their fellow, mortals and, as a rule, ho better. Like othef systems of elaborated morals, theirs will be kept mostly for show and only used when it does not seriously interfere with the battle for bread. ' ashes of roses. . It would be ungracious not to com mend the programmes which were supplied at the Damrosch concerts last week. They gave not merely the names of the pieces and the compos ers, but they added a paragraph or two in explanation of the music. Pro fessional musicians do not need these little pointers, or they claim that they do not; but if two of the elect were asked to say without consultatloh what a piece means which they never heard before would they agree? Music at best is but a vague language. Its vagueness is part of its charm to the instructed since it may thus convey a different message to each different hearer and a single piece may have as n.any meanings as men have moods. But to the unlearned listener it may mean nothing at all unless he has something to guide his speculative ears. It is therefore well to let him know what the composer had in mind when he wrote down the score and for this' reason the programmes Which Mr. Damrosch provided were admir able. Still nobody needs much explana tion of Tschaikowsky's Pathetic Sym phony. The composer's meaning is al moBfr as unmistakable as Is Nordica's When she Blhgs "God's In His Heaven, All's Right in the World." Her smile, her eyes, her gestures all conspire to tell us what a wholesome and happy place the earth Is and the eame mes sage triumphs In the tones of her di vine voice. We should understand it just as well if she sang In Greek in stead of Browning's Imperishable Eng lish. TBchaikowsky's score needs ho words at all to tnake it clear. He sat down deliberately to swamp his hear ers in misery and he succeeded. The pathetic symphony Is a direct assault upon the fountains of tears, like Dickens' description of Little Nell's Death. But Tschaikowsky 13 worse than Dickens. The novelist leaves a ray of comfort In the assurance that little Nell went straight to Heaven as Boon as her sorrows Were over, but the musician plunges us into Unmlti gated Woe. He has no hope of Heav en or anything else. But for all that the Pathetic Symphony is one of the most popular pieces of music in' the world. It is popular for two reasons at least. One of them Is that people like to be made miserable. Goethe's "Sor rows of Werther" was tremehdoUsly popular because It caused the reader to weep lh despair. It mourned over the death of all our old beliefs and dis consolately assured us that no new ones could ever be invented to take their places. "Oh, what an awful place this world is, my dear hearers," cried the youthful Goethe, "let us sit down and bemoan ourselves as long as we can stand Jt and then all commit sui cide." Tschaikowsky says the same thing in his maudlin symphony. His work has not even the doubtful merit of rebellion. Byron thought the earth was a pretty tough old sphere and hesitated not to say so, but he did not weep and wall over it. He expressed his dissatisfaction with good, round oaths and, in our opinion, if one can not be pleased with life as It has to be lived It is far better to swear than to sob and groan. "A plague Of sighing and grief," shouted Falstaff, "it puffs a man up like a bladder." It certainly puffs up a man's vanity and especially a woman's. The second reason. Indeed, why the Pathetic Symphony is popu lar IS that it makes a direct appeal to vanity. "Isn't It perfectly heart rending?" sob the susceptible listeners to one another, and they go away felicitating themselves upon the deli cacy of their emotions. They are so easily moved, so open to the tender : influences of music. The person who can show that he has listened the most tearfully has the most artistic soul. In exhibiting grief there is as much com petition among human beings as in trade. The widow who can display the mdst abundant and depressing signs of sorrow for the departed wins a sort of eminence among her friends. The families left by the dead darken their houses, draw down their faces and speak in hollow whispers as if regret were something precious to be cherished and gloated over. In India, before the law forbade it, widows carried this sort of thing far ther than We do. They practiced the spirit of Tschaikowsky's symphony by burning themselves to death. Among many savage tribes mourning is a reg ular trade. People can be hired at so much an hour, to weep and wail and scratch their faces and the look ers oh no doubt derive much the same pleasure from their performance as we do from listening to the Pathetic Symphohy. Of course there is the difference that Tschaikowsky's music is beautiful, but it Is beauty devoted to. a deplorable use. There Is despair enough In the world without going de liberately to work to make more. Even if we enjoy It, misery is unhealthy. It tends toward a lower moral and phys ical tone and looks in the direction of death instead of life. Emotions which do not lead to action gradually destroy the power to act. Hence if we permit ourselves to luxuriate in such causeless and purposeless melan choly as the Pathetic Symphony In spires we run the risk of becoming inefficient puppets without definite ambition or resolute will. THE BUSINESS GRIND." Among the very first of the bacca laureate sermons this year and a busy season in this line is now open was that delivered last week by Itev. Paul R. Frothlngham, of Boston, to the outgoing class of Columbia Uni versity. His theme Was "Business,'' that old-new topic upon which advice Is so freely given by men from the out side who know nothing of its demands upon those who are -engaged in it, ex cept through casual observation. Dr. Frothlngham is a gentleman and a scholar. Nobody will question this statement, and upon the basis fur nished by it what he has to say upon any live theme Is entitled to respectful, Considerate attention. His estimate of business and of the men Who are en gaged in it will, however, bear analy sis. His Indictment is against the ma jority of business men In this country, and it contains, among others, the following counts: They have too little interest in anything outside of com merce and finance; they have laid aside their books on leaving college until the only book they care to turn to is their checkbook; they have little interest in any of the arts except the art of making money; they engage with hand and Heart and head in business Bchemes and details, allowing these to absorb them completely. Now while these charges are doubt less true in many individual cases. It Is putting it much too broadly to say that all of them are true of a large majority of the business men of the United States. In point of fact, there hever was a time In our history when the men whose endeavor has entered into the prosperity of the country were bo generally interested In affairs outside or their counting-rooms and offices as now. They have learned the art of making money, and, to a great extent, the art of employing it in pleasurable and useful Ways., They are levied upon In every city "and vil lage for contributions for what has come to be called "public betterment," and they respond, in the main, gener ously. They are contributors to and patrons of libraries; are found upon the boards of managers of Churches, schools and charitable Institutions; they enter Into the work or organizing fairs, rose festivals, naval and other public receptions and functions for the honor and profit of their city and sec tion; ahd some of them at least are patrons of art. This much for what may be called work that is done by buxiness men outside of the counting-houses and offices. When it comes to play they are found on the golf links, at the Hunt Club, on the water In the row ing and yachting season, at the races and the theater, and even as "rooters" on the baseball grounds, and as enthu siastic patrons of college football. Outdoor life appeals to them. When their Income permits it they visit Yel lowstone and Yosemite, tour the Great Lakes, cross and recross the conti nent, and go east across the Atlantic and west across the Pacific, halting by the way at the islands of the sea. When necessary they are good "stay ers" by their business; when prosper ity comes their way they are good "players," the world at home and abroad their field. Where the trouble comes In Is through the open door of play. They can enter it with impu nity, but their children, having free passage with them, learn to play be fore they have earned by work the privilege of playing, anH thereafter re fuse to be confined to the routine of business. The great perplexity in the realm of business today arises from this cause. The rising generation refuses to accept the "grind" that is inseparable from the acquirement or knowledge or business at first hand, and thus earn the leisure later on that has come to their father's over the practical road that leads to business success. "There is small danger," says the New York Commercial, "of 1908 col lege graduates becoming business 'grinds.' " Hence no exhortation or warning against this fate through the perfunctory words or baccalaureate sermons that will be delivered this June Is necessary. FARMERS AS CONSERVATORS. From the fact that President Roose velt called a conference of Governors at Washington, recently, for the pur pose of considering the problem of conservation of natural resources, we must not get the idea that It Is a problem so large and bo mysterious that Its solution can be undertaken only by scientists working with enor mous Government appropriations. Far from It. As pointed out by W. K. Newell In a communication published Saturday, every farmer can be a con server Of natural resources. Every farmer who so manages his farm op erations as to preserve fertility is a conserver of natural resources and a benefactor of the country at large at the same time than he promotes his own best financial interests. Mr. Newell reminds the agricultur ists or this state that small vegetation holds moisture just as a forest does, though In a different degree. When a field or orchard Is left bare all Win ter the surface soil packs and the water runs off quickly. Moreover, in running off the water carries with It much of the valuable portion of the soil. By raising a Winter crop of vetch, or even rye, erosion Is dimin ished. Then, If the crop be plowed under late In the Spring, it makes the soil mellow and capable of retaining much moisture. A mellow soil will hold moisture like a sponge; a leached and lifeless soil becomes hard and im pervious. Let all the Valley farms be sown to Winter Vetch where fields' or orchards are now left bore, and we shall soon see evidences of greater productiveness, less soil waste and more Valuable lands. for future gener ations to till. Like charity, conserva tion of natural resources should begin at home. Some person has been Imposing on the Puget Sound newspapers a yarn to the effect that Portland imported from California for Its late Festival three carloads of roses, and therefore made an exhibit that It was unable to complete from its own floral resources. All this may be classed in the cate gory of stories Interesting if true. It Is not true. ' Portland brought no roses from California, but made its usual wonderful display of that most beau tiful and popular of all flowers. It Is difficult to conceive of the motive that would Inspire either the fabrication or publication of such a falsehood. It would seem that Seattle, for example, ought for its own sake to view with more neighborly appreciation the Portland enterprise. Seattle, we be lieve, expects to hold a fair of Its own hext year. Throughout the rural districts the farmers have Voted en masse for pro hibition, In the hope and expectation of being able to get responsible work ers, when the saloon was cut out. Who can blame them? The saloon, afford ing opportunity for drink, and press ing the men to drink bo as to get their money, has made farm labor, especially at the busy season, prac tically worthless. Hence the farmer has decided to try the plan of cutting off the source of liquor supply. They hope by this expedient to be able to get something out of their hired men. Who can blame them? The Summer floods now prevailing In Montana are unprecedented in Its history as a civilized Working com munity. So far as reported, the rail roads are the heaviest losers. Mining, stockralsing and agriculture, the three great industries of the state, will profit by the deluge of water and as upon these the traffic of the railroads de pends, the present loss will In due time be turned to substantial gains. The real, or at least the permanent sufferers are the hundreds of railway passengers, marooned in transit, to whom loss of time is loss of money. Portland has had Its Rose Festival and come through successrully, hand ling Immense throngs or people with out accident. Oregon City has had its "Booster Day" and success, spelled with a capital letter, has crowned the unique and practical effort of Its citi zens. These are not evidences of forced growth, but of earnest and loyal determination on the part of public spirited citizens to let the country far and hear know the secret of their prosperity and Invite every boeVy to come in and share it. The Pendleton Tribune hopes to get Tor Umatilla County a State Insane Asylum and an armory as a result or the late election on the amend ments. The outlook for an armory Is dark Indeed; but as for the insane asy lum we should say it is very bright. But what Is there about an Insane asy lum calculated to cheer up the droop ing spirits of Umatilla? It' is well that the National Repub lican Committee should decide all the so-called contests for delegates from the Southern states so an to throw the Southern states out. They can give no electoral votes, and ought not to control the nomination against the states that are to decide the election. If, as appears probable, the effect of passage of those two fish bills is to abolish flshwheels, fishtraps, glllnets and fishing of all kinds on the Colum bia except fishing with a string and a bent pin, it may be surmised that there are lively times ahead for Fish Warden McAllister. Mr. Mclsaac, manager ror the Hearst party on the Pacific Coast, Invites all recruits to come to the Port land Hotel and register under the banner of the party of, the plain peo ple. Bring your patent leathers, dress suits and high hats. The man who professes or pretends to responsibility, and makes a fool's promise, must keep It, of course, lie feelB bound even to a fool's promise of marriage, under Statement No. 1. The sane thing Is not to make a fool's promise. j Naturally there was-great curiosity as to the Identity of Rex Oregonus. It wasn't Governor Chamberlain, as was universally believed, but merely one of his official family. He was himself too busy running to be reign ing. I So far it appears that something like 100 uncounted votes for Hearst were lying concealed In those ballot boxes. But It's the votes that are counted and the men that count 'em that make Mayors In New York. In case of another financial pinch, Oregon will be able now to Issue $2,114,000 emergency currency. That will help somewhat. But there's nothing the matter with wheat money. Many begin to look forward to the time when the Holy Statement, or Sacred Pledge, will give to Mr. Gearln the scat now held by Mr. Bourne. With characteristic originality the Tacoma News continues to deride "poor, old Portland." "Old," yes; but why "'poor" ? The solution to the whole question, possibly. Is to have a State University In every county. And a state capital. It will be Taft and Bryan, undoubt edly. But which of these will carry Oregon? However, there will be some antl Taft men in the National convention. RESCLT OF HODGE-PODGE LAWS. ov We Are to Move Democratic Sen. ator From ltrpuhlirnn I.calslmure. The Dalles Optimist. On the lth or April the supposed Republican voters of the State of Ore gon nominated H. M. Cake for United Btates Betiator, and the Democrats by a very email vote nominated Governor Chamberlain. At an election hold last Monday Chamberlain beat Cuke by nearly 2000 majority, while the bnlanee of the Re publicans on the state ticket were elected by 25.000 majority or more. Thus goes on the handiwork of the direct primaries law; thus rushes the Republican party of the state on to total annihilation and destruction. In the next. Legislature there will be a majority Of six members pledged by Stntement No. 1 to vote for tlie peo ple's choice for United States Senator, thus assuring (?) the election of Mr. Chamberlain to the Senate: The people are in the saddle, and the people, like the king, can do no wrong, say the advocates of our hodge podge laws; and yet we all know that Chamberlain's election was brought about by Democrats registering as Re publicans and voting for the defeat of Fulton and the nomination of Cake In the primaries and then voting for Chamberlain on Monday last. Thus the Republicans have been tricked, swindled and defeated by the Democrats! Thus have 80,000 been put to rout by 40.000! Eighty thousand Republican voters . have chosen the members of the Legis lature, thus showing that they believe in Republican doctrines, and wish Re publicans to hold the offices; and yet these men are to go down to Salem next Winter and elect Chamberlain to the highest office within the gift of the people of Oregon! The king can do no wrong, but kings .are sometimes damfools, and their sub jects finally get wise to the fact and smite them hip and thigh. And now the Optimist again says, as It has frequently said before, thac the direct primaries law Is a delusion, a snare and a fraud (so far as it re lates to state and National officials), and should be repealed, and In the future the Optimist will work In season and out of season against this law, which has cheated, defrauded and anni hilated our party. Take the Medicine). The Mist, St. Helens. It may possibly be that a six-year term of a Democratic United States Senator will cure the Republican voters of their folly, and enable them to unite on some candidate who will poll the full strength of the party. There will be no chance for Chamberlain to work the non-partisan racket In the United States Senate. The leaders of the Democratic party will tell George what to do, and he will do It. Such men as John Sharp Williams and Benjamin Tillman will see to'lt that the Demo cratic Senator from Oregon stands up to be counted on every partisan meas ure and lends his aid to every nttempc to obstruct the enactment of Republi can law. He Is an able man and he has reached the summit of his ambition and will promptly kick into the ditch the nonpartisan ladder on which he mounted. Bourne, the populist, and Chamberlain the Democratl Isn't that a great team to represent Republican Oregon? Plfrnlflcant Trlfgrsnu Eugene Register. A Republican legislator-elect, who lives not 1000 miles from Eugene, and Who signed Statement No. 1, is reported to have telegraphed George E. Cham berlain as follows: If I live until January, 1909. I will rota for frou for tT. 8. Benator. I hope, however, that one oC us may die. It Is presumed that the author of the telegram was not particular about be ing the one to pass in his checks and escape the fruits of Statement No. 1. I'M Can't Tell. Vancouver Independent. The people of Oregon have decided that they prefer a Democrat In the United States Senate. The Legislature is pledged to carry out the wish of the people. It would not be surprising if Oregon should decide that they prefer Bryan to Taft in November. Remains the Horrible F. sain pie. Olympia (Wash.) Recorder. Oregon still remains the "horrible ex-. ample" of Republican factional strife and I party demoralization, the long dominance of which recently caused" The Oregonian in disgust to declare itself an Independent publication, and now deepens the Winter of its discontent by the party ldosynora sies in electing a Democrat as United States Senator in an otherwise general' Republican victory. With large Republican majorities, run ning as high as 25.000 or more, for somo offices, and a strongly Republican Legis lature, the Ofeponians have turned a complete flipfiop on the Senatorship and elected Governor Chamberlain, Democrat, to the upper house of Congress against Henry M. Cake, a Republican or high ' standinK. Although Chamberlain's ma jority will run only about 10D0, It is re ported practically certain that the Legis lature will have members pledged to vote for the popular choice for Senator, which Is six more than Is necessary to elect. Through the light regard for party lines characteristic of Oregon, therefore, an almost unanimously Republican Legisla ture will be placed In the position of having to elect a Democratic Senator. Oregon sets a bad enough political ex ample at any time, but such defection from party fealty for the highest offles In the gift of the state is especially dis tressing and conrtemnable in a Presiden tial election year. The other Western States Bhould profit by the Oregon "hor rible example," and prove tlielr Republi can faith by going BtralKht down the line on the ticket and swelling the normal Republican majorities. Oregon can best he rebuked In this way, and the Republi can West redeem itself from the Oregon blight. A I'usleri ICilllor. Weston Leader. Frankly, the ln-ader doesn't understand Chamberlain's election. It comprehends a broad-minded non-partisanship that will permit an able and popular Demo crat to occupy the Governor's chair, hut It has not yet fully emerged from the "old school" of politics, and Is ton dull to see why a Republican should vote to seat a Democrat In such a partisan body s the United States Senate when ho lias a clean candidate to support of ills own faith. It's proud of its own party, the loyal few. Find an Oregon Democrat who voted for Cake and you'll find a curiosity equal to Jo Jo or the bl-horned Blvolapue. Sarin tbe Earns. Louisville Courier-Journal. "Why can't I have eggs for supper?" "You can't have eggs for supper." an swered the landlord of the riunkvill? House, "because an affinity gentleman is going to lecture on affinities at the town hall tonight. I persoom you have some public spirit?" He had.