muton
48 PAGES
PAGES 1 T0 12
VOL. XXV-1ST0. 3.
PORTLAND, OREGON, SUNDAY MORNING, JANUARY 31, 1906.
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
Bit
OOSEVELT IS
IGUREHEAQ
President is Real Chief
Executive of Nation,
LEADS IN LAND OF BOSS RULE
May Even Be Boss Himself,
Says Lincoln Steffens.
TROUBLE IN WASHINGTON
Pence Is Found Only, in Corruptly
Governed Cities, but at Nation's
Capital Is ound Discon
tent Sore and Pressing.
r-
UNCOLX 8TKFFUNS OX BOSSKS.
"Wherever there Is a bosp. there our
representative democracy has ceased
to exist.
When you expose the burinoss bosses
back ot the political bosses, the busi
ness bospes throw overboard their po
litical bosses.
If a boss rulep absolutely a well
corrupted city, that city Is at pence.
The President Is the President.
Theodore Roosevelt Is no figurehead.
He Is no man's man. lie may bo a
boss himself; they say he is more
than President, and that Is a very
interesting; charge. But at least he is
tho President.
By IJncoln Steffens.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 20. (Special Corre
spondence) It is my custom when visit
ing: a state or a city for the purpose of
studying its government, to make my first
formal call on tho head, of that govern
ment. The first man you meet in the
street can, usually direct you right, but
he won't; not the first time. Wo Ameri
cans are charter-blinded; we think our
constitutions descrlbo our Government.
Consequently, the first direction of the
first man you meet In the street is to his
Governor or the Mayor. Since my sub
ject Is tho actual Government, not the
paper thing I boned over In college, my
Inquiry is for the actual, not the figure
head of the city or tho state. And the
moment that is made clear to the man In
the street (almost any man in almost
any street) ho will exclaim:
"Oh, you mean tho boss!" Then he will
emlle and name his boss.
Why the smile? It is no laughing mat
ter. Wherever there Is a boss, there our
representative democracy has ceased to
exist. Wc do not see it so. Wa call our
selves a practical people, and we say
there must be a boss. This is a theory
and false. Leaders there must be, but
our leaders do not have to be our mas
ters, rulers, bosses. Do they? I think
not, but I don't know. All I am sure of
is that wherever there Is a boss, there
a revolution has happened; slowly, grad
ually, without shock of violence, perhaps;
but none the less, practically, a revplu
lion. And where In our cities and states
has not this second' American Revolution
happened? Who is tho head of your city?
Who is the actual head of your state?
Who is the actual head of the Govern
ment of the United States?
Xevv York's Boss Overtliown.
Usually easy, sometimes this question
Is hard to answer. What citizen of New
York, for example, can toll you who Is,
the head of his state government? Sena
tor Thomas C. Piatt, the Republican boss.
used to be. but he grew old. and In a
moment of weakness and folly, he broke
the cardinal rule of the boss system. He
named for Governor not a "safe man,"
but his political lieutenant, Benjamin ,B
Odell. In any state where the Governor
ship controls good graft and large patron
age, the Governor can be tho boss. Gov
ernor Odell was boss. And if such a Gov
ernor in such a state wants to be, and
knows how, ho can go out of office and
still be boss. Governor Odell knew how;
Boss Piatt had taught him. Governor
Odell choso for his successor a man who
was really and truly safe. He made
certain Mr. Higgins Governor, so cx-Gov-crnor
Odell remained tho head of tho
actual government of the State of New
York. But a boss does not reprcsenfrhlm
self alone, he represents tho chief sources
of the corruption of his state. Big inter
ests are often In conflict among them
selves, and it is ever a difficult and delicate
task to adjust their differences to tho
satisfaction of them all." Big things were
at stake in New York, and the conflict
there became acute. The interests Mr.
Odell failed to satisfy, appealed to Piatt.
Piatt couldn't do much, but a dethroned
King Is a rallying point for the enemies
of a ruling Prince, so the business bosses
fought hard back of their political bosses
Now the force that keeps such fights
within bounds is the fear of publicity. Tho
Insurance scandal brought a demand for
publicity. If Governor Higgins bad held
out, as he expected to do against an in
vestlgatlon, all might have gone welL But
a safe man is a timid man, and the very
weakness that makes him a "good man
for Governor" in good times, renders him
dangerous (to his boss) in a crisis. Gov
ernor Higgins . caved before the demand
for an investigation, and, as we all know.
the light of publicity poured in upon the
New York grafters, political and business
too. When you expose the business bosses
back of the political bosses, the business
bosses throw overboard their political
bosses, Just as in purely political arises,
tho potttiesJ fcoow "drop" tfeek- Gorer-
New York to save themselves, dropped
both Piatt and Odell, and still fighting.
they -could not agree on a new political
head for the state. They are looking for
one now. The people of the state are
deeply interested In the spectacle, but
they are not led to regard it as their
affair, wherefore, I say, that It would not
be easy to go Into the State of New York
and detcrmlno Just now who Is the politi
cal head of that state. .
Thore are other states and cities where
our question would not be easy to an-
wer. The citizens of New York City
have boon asking ever since tho election
of last Fall whether the hoad of their
government was Mayor alcClellan or J
Boss Murphy. In Pennsylvania all they
know is that the Governor isn't the hoad
of the state; they are surer In Philadel
phia, but even there I hear men express- !
ing some doubt. In Jersey they have set
about finding out for themselves, this
Winter. In Ohio all is clear at present,
but in Cincinnati they aro fighting, quiet
ly, but vigorously, to settle the question
which, I have reason to think. Mayor
Dompscy will answer in due course. Out
In San Francisco, whoro organized labor
has usurped the power of corporate capi
tal, they say they have a labor Mayor,
and tliey have; but is he the hoad of the
actual city government? You iee, it
ipn't always obvious who the real rulor
ie. But let' us go back to Washington.
AVho Is the Head of the Ration?
How about the United Statos Govern
ment? Who, or what, or where is the
head of the Nation? Thoodore Rooscvejt
is in the White Houpc, but is the White
Houso the seat of the supreme political
power of this country? Some pretty keen
observers of the thing as It is point away
up to the Capitol on the hill at the other
end of Pennsylvania avenue and they say
the Senate is the throne. Is it? We aro
seeking to know of our own knowledge,
romombor, so that we may not take the
say-so of other men. We must find out
for ourselves How?
My experience of cities and snatcs has
taught me to look for certain superficial
signs which I find to be true guides to
the truth concealed deep down below.
One of thcfe flgns is trouble. If a
boss rules absolutely a well-corrupted
city, tliat city is at peace; Philadelphia
under Boss Durham, .for example. But
If tho Mayor of a city presumes to govern
it. as ho should, then there is no peace
but sore trouble In that town; said Phila
delphia under Mayor Weaver, for exam
ple. So with a state, and for Illustrations
take Wisconsin under Boss Sawyer and
compare It with Wisconsin under Gover
nor LaFolletto; or take Now York before.
and New York aflor, the ploctlon of Gov
ernor Odell. Usually "this trouble means
something else besides, but let us stick to
the trail and go slow. How does all this
boar upon our question of National gov
ernment? Discontent in Washington.
There is trouble in Washington. Thero
is no peace there at all, at all, but only
discontent sore and pressing. And if you
could listen, as I have all this, my first
week here, to the complaint? of all mon
that complain, you would notice that all
the complainants point at the White
House. Borne of these complaints are
serious; some of them arc only amusing.
They say that "that man" plays politics;
they say that ho doesn't. They say that
he plays pollticp well; they say that he
plays politics badly. They say that ho
sacrifices public service to the interests
ot his party; they say that he doesn't.
They say that he interfered in Ohio and
Philadelphia, and thatho thus helped de
feat the Republican bosrcs and rings in
those places. They say that he should
have done this in other states. They say
that he rides over the Constitution as he
does over a fence, with 'courage and Joy
A one-time civil service reformer, they
say that he violates civil service laws
and principles at his least convenience.
He defies tho Senate, thoy say; yet they
will tell you that he deals too much with
It. He interferes In everything, they
say; not only In the politics of the states.
but in the politics of the world; and he
Interferes In great private businesses.
They call him a "dangerous man." Maybe
he is. I have seen him do things in states
that I could not understand; I have heard
of his doing things since I have been
here that puzzled me. Wc must ask
about tlioso things. We shall have to ask
to understand the basis of all these com
plaints later. We must know the man
well, see what he does, and how. and
why, and. most important of all for
whom he does them. For, our funda
mental question, you remember. Is
What do they represent, these, our rep
resentatlves? And we want to know
whether "our" President is ours. But
I find it wise in such Investigations as
this to begin with the A-B-C. and. for
a beginning, I think it sufficient to have
established to my complete satisfaction.
and, I trust, to yours, this fact:
Roosevelt Is Xo Figurehead.
The President Is the President, Theo
dore Roosevelt is no figurehead. He is
no man's man. He may bo a boss him
self; they say he Is more than President.
And that is a very Interesting charge.
But at least he Is tho President, .
"That's certain Isn't it?" I ask every'
body everywhere in Washington, and one
man's quick answer seemed to express
the -conclusion of all.
"Well, you can bet your life he's the
President."
To that extent, then, the Constitution
is intact; the description of the National
Government as it was written by the
Fathers is correct as to the Executive.
Nothing new or wonderful about that?
Perhaps not, but if you had spent as
many months as I have in states where
I never had to sec the Governor, you
would understand what it meant to me
to have to make my first formal call In
Washington on the President of the
United States.
It wasn't very Important, that first In
terview. I explained that I had come to
Washington, not as a correspondent for
news, but as a citizen seeking to under
stand the news and the Government, And
I asked him whether I had a right to
know and to make that Knowledge yours
He said I had.
"You have a right to know everything
you want to know everything." he said
with all the force of his tremendous
vigor.
Of course mat aoesn t mean that we
may know about "unfinished business'
or business which It is in tho public in
terest to have concealed. But that Isn
the kind of Information I want. And a
day or two after this Interview a subor
dinate official, who could throw light on
a practice, which I heard was an abuse
in the department to wmcn Jie is as
signed, was authorised to tell me all he
know. This information Is against the
Interest of one of the Interests that are
supposed to fee the real rulers of tits
Unitm StMMcXCppyri srJ.. .L.
T
BALL
ABOUTF
Professionalism Is Doomed in
the Middle West
Colleges.
MUST CUT OUT BRUTALITY
Rules of Game to Be Revised, Hired
Conchas Barred, Players Must
Study or Icavc Team,
Xo Training Tabic.
CHICAGO. Jan. 20. College football was
dealt a stagorlng blow by the representa
tives of the faculties of the "big nine"
Western coUcgos, who. at the conclusion
of a two days conference, recommended
many changes in the conduct of football
and other sports. The aim of the profes
sor", apparently, is to curb, as far as pos
sible, all tendencies toward professional
ism In the different universities, and the
various recommendations announced after
the meeting adjourned have this Idea up
permost It was recommended that the game of
football as played at present be abolished
as an Intorcolloglatc and collegiate snort
In the conference colleges; that the Amer
ican football rules committee make such
modifications of the playfng rules as will
free the game from brutality and unnec
essary danger; that In the event such al
terations are not sufficient the conference
will delegate a committee to draw up rules
of its own, and that, if a satisfactory
game can thus.be established, the recom
mendations today shall apply to Its con
duct and management.
Xo Study, Xo Football.
The money ond of football was strongly
condomned in a set of resolutions, and in
the future tho faculty will have charge of
the gate receipts. One of the new rules
compels the football player to have as
many recitations during the football sea
son as at any other time of the year, and
at the end of the school year he must be
able to show a clean record to be. eligible
for the team during the next playing sea
son. Any man who Jtas received his bach
elor dogree or other academic degree will
not be eligible to play on a football team.
no matter by what institution that degreo
has been conferred.
In tho future the coach of any team be
longing to the "big nine" colleges must
be a member of the faculty, the purely
professional paid coach Is not to bo cm-
ployed. Among the other recommenda
tions wcro the following:
Only Five Games a Season.
The numbor of Intercollegiate games
played by each university team shall be
limited to five.
The admission to all athletic meets shall
be limited to 50 cents for students.
No training table shall be maintained
for the athlotes.
That no one shall play for more than
throe years In the aggrogatc In any inter
collogiate sport, and that this participa
tion be confined to undergraduates. That
no team consisting In whole or in part of
college students shall play witn nign
schools, academies or Independent profes
sional schools.
That It Is recommended to the college
conference that its rule which allows the
first three games of the season to be un
counted In participation be eliminated.
That freshmen teams and second elevens
shall play only with teams from their own
institutions.
TRIUMPH OF REVOLUTION
AliKARO ItUI.HS ECUADOR AND
X'LAZA PI-EES COUNTRY.
Moreno' Assumption of Presidency
Cause. Riot at Guayaquil aad
Arvllo Replaces Hltu.
GUAYAQUIL, Jan. 20. General Al
faro occupied Qultto at 3 P. M. Thurs
day, A Junta of notable persons met
in the Government Palace hero at
P. M. today and formed a new govern
ment.
Vice-President Moreno assumed tha
executive power, establishing- tho cap
ital here and appointing a new minis
try. Rioting followed. The people
during the afternoon attacked the pri
sons, liberated the political prisoners
and afterward captured the police bar
racks, where tho rioters obtained pos
session of a number ot rifles and some
cannon. Rifle shots later were heard
In all parts of the city, and the rioters
became so bold that they attacked
cordon of military. Many persons
were killed or wounded on both sides
during- the fighting.
The new ministry, however, only
lasted one hour. The people rejected
tho election of Moreno and proclaimed
as president General Alfaro, the
former president of Ecuador ana
leader of the revolution, and in his
absence Dr. Emlllo Arvllo assumed tho
civil and military authority.
A great panic prevailed here during
the evonlng. and in the midst of the
disorder General Plaza, minister 01
Ecuador to the United States, who ar
rived here January IS and assumed
chief command of the army in its oper
atlons against the rebels, escaped from
the city and embarked on board the
Chilean steamer Loa. which leaves
hero tomorrow for Panama.
Later in the evening quiet was re
stored.
MINES
T
school ship Maranon joined In the re
bellion. A number of revolutionists
from Daule. 22 miles from here, ar
rived here this morning1 and were en
thusiastically received.
HONOR SHOWN MR. SCOTT
Becomes Thirty-Second Degree Ma
ton at Temple of Supreme Council
WASHINGTON, Jan. 20. (Special.)
Yesterday In Washington, at the -house
of the temple of the Supreme Council
of Scottish Rite Masonry for the
Southern district of the United States,
the degrees of A. and A. S. Rite, from
the 4th to tho 32d, were conferred on
Harvey W. Scott, of Portland. This dis
tinction was shown Mr. Scott in recog
nition of his high character, his ability
and the record he has made on The
Orogonian as one of the great editors
of the country. No citizen of Oregon
has ever before been similarly honored.
There aro two Jurisdictions of Scot
tish Rito Masonry in the United States,
the Northern and the Southern juris
diction. Scottish Rite Masons in Oregon
work under the Southern Jurisdiction,
tho larger and tho older body of the
two. The highest actlvo degreo con
ferred by either of these bodies is the
32d degree. Beyond this, however. Is
the 33d degree, which Is conferred only
for distinguished service rendered Ma
sonry, and after years ot active work In
the order.
The Scottish Rite bodies include
among their membors the most prom
inent men in all parts of the United
States. Members of the Northern and
Southern Jurisdictions affiliate with
each other, and also with members of
the Scottljh Rite order in all parts of
tho world. The influence of Scottish
Rite Masonry is world-wide. Exerted
by these bodies for the betterment ot
mankind generally. It is a factor that
is recognized in nil civilized countries.
CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER
The Weather.
YESTEKDAT'S Maximum temperature. 42
dep.; minimum, 35. Precipitation. O.OtJ of
an inch.
TODAY'S Partly cloudy with light rain or
snew at Interval. Southerly wind.
Foreign.
liberal victory In Britain assure Irish homo
rule and radical labor laws. Page 1.
Kins Edward is III. Par J3.
Berlin In arm to meet Socialist. Page 13.
Russian Democrats declare for universal suf
frage. Page it.
Revolution In Ecuador a success. Page 1.
Franc acts cautiously in Venezuelan affair.
Paso IS.
Morocco conference dodges dangerous points.
rage n.
National.
Fight on Joint statehood attributed to cor
porate influence. Fags 11.
Houc debates emergency appropriations.
Page 11.
Beet sugar men plan fight on Philippine bill
In Senate. Page 11.
Senate wants Congress to control reclama
tion fund. Fage 2.
Snontx answers attacks on Canal Commis
sion. Page 2.
Politics.
Steffens writes on graft at Washington.
rage 1.
Governor Folk on the revolt against graft.
i-age 3.
Judson Harmon on rate question. Page 3.
Domestic.
Portland-Salera electric road financed In
New York and to be hurried through,
rage 1.
John Mitchell scorns political office and
graft. Page J.
Stranded opera singers sing for their board
In Mexico. Page 3.
Six men killed by snowsllde In Utah. Page 3.
Mr. Duke's answer to tobacco king's di
vorce suit. Page 3.
Few invitations to Longworth-Roosevelt
wedding. Page 4.
Americans In Paris bet on Rochefoucauld-
Mackln lawsuit. Page
import.
Big nine colleges propose radical reforms In
lootball. Fage 1.
Jimmy Brill's review of the ring. Page 17.
Percy Megargel describes his automobile
trip. Page 17.
Indoor sports at the Y. M. C. A. Pag 17.
Gossip of the fighters. Fage 17.
Athletes In line for Athens team. Page 17.
MoCredle'a baseball plan. Page 10.
Pacific Coast.
Jasper Jennings creates a scene In trial of
sister Dura at Grant's Pass. Page 4.
Asphalt Company manager charged wlh
urjuing ine iiayor or Jieoma. i'age o.
Alaska Is In arms against the advanced
rates on freight. Page 3.
Eastern Washington wheatralsers would lep
a minion off raUroad revenue. Page
Oregon pilgrims are royally entertained at
Los Angeles. Page 4.
Singular fiat salary bill referred to the Ore
gon referendum. Page 5.
Commercial aad Marine.
Eastern orders for hops continue to arrive.
Page 35.
Bank statement shows large Increase in
cash. Page 35.
Gradual upward tendency of stock market.
Page 35.
California prune prices advancing. Fage 35.
County Commissioners decide to provide
dolphins for the Alblna ferry landing.
Fage as.
Steamer Olympian Is ready to start for New
York. Page IS.
Fertlaad aad Vicinity.
Republican harmony object of party con
ference. Page 9,'
6am Jones wants Christians to laugh.
Page 10.
Jerome and Loomls greatly please their audi
ence. Page 10.
Class of 42 Initiated into the Mystic Shrine.
Page 10.
Southern Pacific will divert tourlat travel
from California to Oregon In the Sum
mer. Page S.
Mutiny like that of the Sepoys feared by
Vncle Sam from the Filipino constabulary
and scouts, rage s.
Realty men will form an exchange. Page 32.
Mayor Lane says Richards, establishment
must go. Page 24.
W. W. Cotton springs legal surprise on the
Portland & Seattle Road. Page 15.
Save Niagara. Falls, watchword ot Civic
Federation. Page IB.
Chamber ot Commerce after the Alaska
trade. Page 3C.
Council will probe gas erlls and will grant
franchise for a- competitor. Page 9.
' FratHTes and Departments.
Editorial. Page 6.
Church notices. Page 34.
Classified advertisements. Pages 19-28.
Dr. nillls rermoa. Page 37.
Within the historic Kremlin at Moscow.
Page 39.
Carrying on Marcus whitman's work.
Page 49.
Judge Williams recollections.' Fage 40.
The Roosevelt Bears. Page 46.
Former artist's .-model trying to break into
society. 'age(4.
"Staunch Heart aad True," by Hugh Herd-
s&aa. Fage 45.
Elks soon to dedicate naadsene new home.
Fage 3.
Entirely a "bulU-itp cfcs4e." Page 44
KIh Tlagle'a ceklc leaf. Page-M.
DtbmlUc . Fags 2&-ss. . - "
MiilmL I'M. H. - . - .
LESSONS TAUGHT
Iff ELECTIONS
Balfour's Opportunism Caused
Defeat of Union
ist Party.
LABOR WILL GAIN DEMANDS
Socialism Xot Strong in British La
bor Parly,' but It Will Improve
Conditions Chamberlain's
Great Triumph.
LONDON. Jan. M.-CSpecial.) In the
mass of conflicting opinions as to the sig
nificance of the Parliamentary elections,
two conclusions may be drawn without
much danger that they will be reversed
by later events. One Is that Mr. Balfour's
opportunism was the leading cause ot the
Unionist disaster, and the other is that
the British worklngman has taken a Ionjr
stride toward the goal ot better social con
dltlons. That is to say. Chumbcrialnlsm.
definite, fearless and well considered has
vindicated Its claim to be a better party
programme than Balfourlsm; and labor.
long Ignored by the Tory and old-time
"Whig, has Justified the contention ot John
Burns 16 years ago that "organized polit
ical action on the part of tho working
classes will finnlly create a party that all
others will have reason to respect and
some others will have reason to fear."
Socialism Xot Threatened.
How far the element of fear should cn
tor Into the calculations of the privileged
classes, now that the labor representa
tives have made such remarkable gains.
Is a nice calculation. The Tories ot the
reactionary typo talk angrily of "fore
shadowed Socialism." They pretend to see
a menace to vested rights In the presence
of John Bums In the Cabinet and In tho
nefarious activity of communistic Keir
Hardle, chief of the Independent !Labor
party and soul of the labor movement In
Great Britain, and they assert that Sir
Henry Campbell-Bannermans big battal
Ions are more than half Infected with the
virus of the German Social Democracy.
There is much buncombe about all this.
As a matter ot fact, the doctrines ot the
German Social Democracy have slight
footing In Great Britain. In Campbell
Bannerman's following Is represented the
majority of the British employers of la
bor. and the latter are. no more -disposed
than aro the Tory landlords to favor the
communizatlon of the agencies of Indus
try and the products of those agencies
Taking the British population as a whola
today, it contains a smaller proportion of
aggressive Socialist influence than cither
the German or the American.
liberals Head Signs Better.
What has happened Is that the Liberals
have been shrewder judges than the Con
servatives of the way the wind was blow
ing as to economic changes. One of the
grounds of Mr. Chamberlain's phenome
nal strength In Birmingham Is the fact
that, though for 3) years allied on other
Issues with the Tories, he has steadily
advocated the same betterment In social
and Industrial conditions for the working
classes which Lord Randolph cnurchlll.
the "progressive Conservative" of 1SSI
advocated when the Primrose League was
young. Labor's success will not bring
radical Socialism one step nearer In Kng
land, but It will lead to a relaxation of
laws that press too severely upon trades-
unions and will facilitate a more extend
ed municipalization of public utilities.
Chamberlain Looms Up -Biff.
Mr. Chamberlain's victory Is conceded
by Liberals and Irish Nationalists to be
the greatest personal triumph in the his
tory of modern British politics, and bes
described by the Times as "a political
object-lesson of a kind that Is much
needed."
in any event. says a weeK-end re
viewer not friendly to protection. "It Is
Impossible to pretend that the fiscal Issue
Is eliminated. Xo doubt we shall find it
mora Insistent than ever, now that Mr.
Chamberlain is absolved from all obllga
tions of courtesy to a former political
leader."
GREAT TIDE OP LIBERALISM
Labor Will Ally With Ireland and
Home Hnle Is Assured.
LONDON, Jan. 20. Within the last eight
days the political complexion ot the
United Kingdom has been completely
changed by the tide of Liberalism, which
even now Is higher than the most san
guine Radical dared hope for. The new
Parliament will be overwhelmingly Lib
era!.
Up to this tune the total number of
members elected is 4S0, of whom 247 aro
Liberals, 114 Unionists, 40 Laborltes. 78
Nationalists and one Socialist. This
leaves 150 seats still vacant.
The Liberals thus far have gained no
less than 177 seats, counting labor gains
as Liberal or government gains, and, if
the same proportion is kept up for the
remaining 190 scats, the Liberals will have
407 votes In the next Parliament, to which
may be added those of 42 Laborltes, one
Socialist and S3 Nationalists, which would
give Prime Minister Campbell-Bannennan,
522 votes, against 137 for the Conserva
tives. "While this ' calculation concerning the
results in the ISO vacant seats Is entirely
speculative. It is not Impossible of realiza
tion, nor could It be more extraordinary or
startling than any of the results declared
during the last few days.
Tory Strang holds Hazed.
Ireland remain practically uaefcanged.
The Xailtififtlfets have pteeked one seat,
erals have broken into the Tory strong
holds of Scotland, with prospects for oth
er remarkable successes, while, as already
noted, the great fortresses of Unionism
during the last ten years have been razed
before a storm of undreamed-of Liberal
sentiment or ot opposition to the Unionist
policy. With the exception of Birming
ham, which is completely controlled by
Joseph Chamberlain, all the great centers
have shown a determination to change
from the old order.
Mr. Balfour will probably remain an
outsider until he is given a chance in a
bye-election, though possibly some safe
Unionist seat may be relinquished In his
favor before the end of next week. It Is
understood several efforts In this direction f
have been made, but without success.
Such reports as these, it is believed, are
materially weakening the prestige of the
accredited leuder of the Unionist party.
In the absence of Mr. Balfour, Joseph
Chamberlain probably will take Ihe lead
In the next Parliament; at any rate he is
now acknowledged to be the strong man.
and will have the greatest support of any
man on the opposition benches.
Labor AV111 Help Ireland.
The most remarkable feature of the
elections thus far is the number of La-
borltes elected. The last Parliament could
claim but seven Laborltc members, while
up to the present no less than 10 of them
have secured seats, and. with the pros
pects ot further gains. It is not at all Im
possible that labor will have a represen
tation of 50 membcre In the new Parlia
ment. This undoubtedly will have a tre
mendous effect on future legislation in
England, as the Itboritcs are almost cer
tain to get the support of the homorrulers
In any reasonable measure introduced by
them. One of the most prominent politi
cians In England said to the Associated
Press:
Parliament at Dublin.
It is useless to minimize the presant revo
lution and we might as well begin to take a
new view of the situation. In my opinion a
Parliament sitting at Dublin may be looked
ror witmn the next two years. .Assureaiy
John Redmond, leader of the Nationalist
party, and Prime Minister Campbell-Banner-
man have reached a working agreement and
It Is Inconceivable that Mr. Redmond would
be content with anything less than an Irish
Parliament. I have no Idea, that such a
Parliament would mean separation and have
good reasons to believe that a plan Is now
under consideration by which the religious
question can be eliminated from the deliber
ations of such a Parliament, which would act
under the Imperial Parliament and at least
try the experiment of administering Irish
affairs under the conditions which' have
changed in the last century.
The elections will be over before the end
ot next week, the last contest being set
for January 2$, but, so far as the Liberal
government Is concerned. Its life will now
be meusured, not. as was predicted prior
to the elections, by months or a few
years, hut by limitations of the septen
nial act. k
The Liberals take Woodstock, where tho
Marlborough Influence did not suffice to
stem the anti-Cohservatlve flood. Among
the Unionists who lost their seats is Sir
"William Hart-Dyke. Conservative, ex
member for the Dartford Division ot Kent.
who was President ot the Council from
1ES7 to 1SS2.
Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur H. Lee, Con
servatlve, former Civil Lord of the Ad
mlralty, who was British military attache
at Washington, and later attache with
the American Army during the Spanish-
American "War. has been re-elected for
South Hampshire by a greatly reduced
majority.
Xintest Election lloturns.
LONDON", Jan. 21. (Special.) Returns
from only eight elections were announced
last night. Of eight seats thus filled the
Liberals captured seven by increased ma
jorities. The Conservatives gained a vic
tory In the subdivision of St. Andrews.
Edinburgh, but this was more than offset
by the Liberal successes elsewhere. The
most Important contest was In the Carnar
von district, where Lloyd George, presi
dent of the Board of Trade and leader of
the Welsh party, was triumphantly re
elected by an increased majority.
CHINESE VIEW INDUSTRIES
Visiting Commissioners "Watch Pack
ers Handle Heef In Yards.
CHICAGO, Jan. 20. The Imperial Chi
nese Commissioners, Tuan Fang and Tal
Nun Tzu, entered promptly upon the pro
gramme outlined for their second day In
Chicago. A special trajn carried the vis
itors to tho stockyards today. The usual
plan of inspecting the methods of killing
and packing were followed, the vWltors
following an animal from the time It was
Introduced into the packing-house alive
until It was hanging In sections In the
cooling-rooms. They displayed the great
est Interest in all they saw". Luncheon
was served In one of the largest ot the
packing-houses. Tho Commissioners were
then taken to the Mc'Cormlck harvester
plant.
A banquet "was tendered to the Commls
sloners tonight at the Auditorium, Mayor
Dunne and 100 men prominent In the po
liticai and mercantile life ot the city belnj
present. There were a few speeches, the
Mayor welcoming the guests of the eve
ning In a felicitous address. Tuan Fang
proposed, the health of the President ot
the United States, and Judge P. S. Gross
cup, ot the Federal Judiciary, replied. J
number of impromptu speeches were made
by other guests.
The Commissioners will devote toraor
row to the automobile, having made an
especial request that they be given two
fast rides around the city. They will
leave for Washington Monday noon.
ALL STATES SHOULD ACT
Insurance Commissioners Want Re
form Adopted Without Delay.
NEW VORK, Jan. 20. A general decla
Ion that insurance reforms should be In
augurated Immediately by State Legisla
tures throughout the country was ar
rived at by the Insurance commissioners
ot several states who conferred today
with .the New lork legislative committee
which Investigated the matter. Confer
ences between this committee and the
state commies! oners have covered
period of two days.
Senator Armstrong, chairman ot the
New York committee, said, that there
would probably be ao more conferences
He said that the committee's report
would be
ready for the Legie4.ture la
MONEY TO BUILD
Fill TO SALEM
New York Bankers Are
Now Building.
FAST TRAINS TO CAPITAL CITY
Build From Both Ends When
Portland Gives Right.
MANY MILLIONS BEHIND IT
Men Backing the Willamette Valley
Traction Come Forward First
Class Hoad to Be Built
AVithout Dollar of Debt.
BROOKLYN, N. Y.. Jan. 20.-(Sicctal.-
The Oregonlan is authorized to state that
the Portland-Salcrn Electric Railway syn
dicate has completed all financial arrange
ments and Is supplied with large funds
to push the road. Moffatt & White, bank
ers, of New York, have formed this syn
dicate, which is composed of men of un
doubted strength. Their aggregate wealth
runs Into hundreds of millions of dollars.
Moffatt & White, well-known members
of the New York Stock Exchange, of
large means, are Interested In a'varictv
of enterprises, including the development
of the Washington power properties in
Spokane.
This new Salem road will be about 30
miles long, will have 70-pound rails. and
be constructed in the best possible man
ner to carry heavy freight and passenger
trains at high speed. The bridge over
the Willamette River will be a heavy
steel structure of the standard required
to carry 100-ton locomotives. Construc
tion of the road will be entirely in charge
of Barstow & Chambers, . engineers,, of
Portland and New York.
Awaits Portland Franchise.
An arrangement has been, made with
the Portland General Electric Company
to supply power to operate the railroad.
Construction has commenced, and gradr
ing. Including, the laying of ties, has
progressed from Salem as far north as
Chemawa. Woodburn will be reached In
the near future. Franchises have been
secured in Salem and all the towns along
the line, and as soon as a franchise in
Portland Is secured, construction will be
gin from both ends ot the line and be
pushed as rapidly as possible. Tho appli
cation for a franchise by the Willamette
Valley Traction Company is In the In
terest of this enterprise. As all the money
has been raised, the managers of the syn
dicate only await a satisfactory fran
chise in Portland to push work vigorous
ly. It Is not considered advisable to con-.
struct the whole property until the fran
chise matter in Portland Is settled satis
factorily. A new company will be in
corporated in Oregon, but a name has
not been selected yet.
To Salem In Hour and Half.
Provision has been made to build ex
tensions and branches from time to time,
aa business may require. No expense is
to be spared to make the line a flrst-ciass
electric road In all respects, and it is In
tended that regular trains shall make the
trip between Portland and Salem In two
hours, and It Is hoped that through trains
will make the trip in one hour and a
lnilf.
This Is an entirely independent road,
backed by people of great wealth, and
the report that Philadelphia people were
behind the enterprise Is entirely without
foundation. The syndicate believes the
road has a good future and has arranged
the financing in such a way that the syn
dicate will meet the whole cost Itself, and
no securities win be disposed of until the
road is In operation and has proved that
It Is a success. ,
COXSTRUCTIOX GOES RAPIDLY;
Five 3111es ot Grade Completed.
Ready for State Fair.
SALEM. Or., Jan. 23. (Special.)
Construction work on the.. Portl'and
Salem electric line has been pushed
rapidly from the day the work began
and In such a manner that the people
of Salem never had a doubt of the
good faith of the managers. A good
grade has. been constructed nearly to
Chemawa, a distance ot five miles, and
ties have been laid and distanced ready
for the rails, which will arrive in
Salem in three or four days.
A construction engine haa been pur
chased and Is now In Portland. It will
be brought to Salem as soon as the
rails arrive and then the work will be
pushed with much greater rapidity.
Superintendent P. Welch says that It Is
the Intention to have cars running be
tween Salem and Portland when the
State Fair opens early next September.
As soon as the roadhas been com
pleted to Chemawa, the remainder of
the construction work will be let by
subcontract and three or four con-j
tractors given charge of portions of
the road. By this means the work wilL
be expedited. A large gang- of bridge
builders will be put at work Monday
on, a large bridge across the lake or
the Bonhaaa ranch, north of Salem,
and 30 tearng will be engaged in mak
ing cuts and-. Alls. All. the work is be
ing done in a. flrt-elass manner and 1
the rails to be used will be 79-pound,
m
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