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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 20, 1905)
8 INTELLIGENT ANIMALS OF EVERYTHING about the Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth is big. The tents are big, the center poles are big-, the horses are heavier than the average, the biggest elephant 1b a lineal descendant of the .mastodons, the giraffes hold the trophy for long teach: Prince, who Is the uncrowned king of the menagerie, is also champion scale tippor of the feline display, and old Babe, the hippopotamus, claims to be a little bigger and a little rounder of girth than any other hippopotamus in the business. How Babe chanced to be called "Babe" isn't of any grave consequence. Every menagerie has a Babe. Sometimes it is an olephant, sometimes it's a horse: oc casionally It's a baboon or a chimpanzee but every show must have a Babe. That's one of the unwritten laws of the animal man. The Barnum & Bailey show has something more than a quarter of a cen tury of its age credit, and pretty nearly every year there has been a different Babe. The name this year has fallen to the big hippopotamus. "Whether or not Mrs. Babe appreciates her name would be difficult for a novice The Victims of Imaginary Ills- Are Many s Ailments Cuused by Overwork nnd "lorry Lend to Hysteria and Nervous Exhaustion. OUR bodily ills are multiplied many ; times by the imagination. A pain ! in tle back moans kidney disease, abdominal pain brings thoughts of appen dicitis, the uric acid crank Imagines that evory aohe or pain he suffers is due to this acid in his system, while the dys peptic with a pain over the region of his hoart "a weak heart" fancying his heart diseased, deprives himself of many of life's pleasures. All these people are the victims of their own ignorance. The art of diag nosis is the most difficult that the physi cian loams, and yet thoy diagnose their complaints or symptoms the moaning of whloh, in many cases, they have searched for in some household work on medicine. It is this self-confidence that produces so large a number of those imaginary ailmonts. Effect of the Mind. That the mind plays a great part in the course and occurrence of certain dis eases is undoubted. There is a universal dread of hydrophobia; a dog bite Is ter rifying, for It is the bite of a mad dog that causes the disease. The mental strain for the six weeks following any bite is Intense. Curious symptoms may appear, cramps of the arms and legs, the patient making a curious noise like the bark of a dog, fully believing that he has the disease, though his symptoms are not those of 'hydrophobia, but simply an Imaginary ailment. Convince him that he has not the disease and his cure will soon be accomplished. If the general health is not good, ab normal sensations have a grcator influ ence upon the mind. The struggle for existence among all classes today Is keener than ever before; every year it Is becoming more so. A large propor tion of the populace use their brains In the struggle. Universal education has in tensified this competition to live. Over work is the order of the day; the whole Nation now suffers relatively more from jiorvous irritability; there are more nerv ous, exhausted people, more nourasthen ies the persons of "imaginary ailments' than there wore before this bustling age. "Result of Overwork. Overwork, associated with It anxiety, worry or excitement, quickly produces this condition. The business roan, anx ious for his vonturos. works doubly hard to seoure success; the sleepless mother, worn with care and nursing, does double or treble duty and finally "goes to pieces" when the strain Is over. The over trained athlete goes "stale." the young professional man, keen, but faced with disappointment on the threshold of his career these are types of neurasthenics. The complaints of the neurasthenic are many; all manner of vague sensations, of heat and cold, numbness, stiffness, weak ness, fatigue, pain, pressure, of headache such as "no man has ever suffered from before," each symptom doscribed with minuteness defying subdivision. Every function, every organ of the body being doscribed is subject to strange sensa tions. They are the subjects of mental dis turbance. Attracted by any of the mor bid sensations, they develop a morbid dread of sickness and disease. As the suggestions of these reminders and fears are constantly present the neurasthenic becomes saturated with them, becoming morbidly self-watchful. Tarlous 3Ientnl Diseases. Ifi some instances these morbid fears pass Into insane delusions and obsessions then neurasthenia be.comes Insanity. The woman who complains that one side of her body is bigger than the other after taking food is not very different from the Insane pauper possessed of the de 'to discover. George Conklin, the animal expert with the show, says she does. So does Jim Smith, the man who has imme diate chargo of her ladyship. Jim thinks Babe Is the smartest animal on earth. Responds to Her Xante. "Know her name?" he sniffed the other day, when some guileless stranger in the crowd wanted to know whether Mrs. Babe was cognizant of the fact when she was personally addressed. "Know her name? Well, I should say she did, don't you. Babe?" Mrs. Babe winked one -sleepy eye at her keepor, ruffled her porous cuticle and opened her cavernous mouth. "That's the way she has of expressing herself," said the keeper. "Almost every time I spoak to her she opens her mouth. It's her way of telling you she under stands what 'you're talking- about. Oh, she's wise. Babe is." "Hurt anybody? Oh, I don't know. That depends. Maybe it wouldn't be a good thing for a stranger to go Into her cage. She'd probably resent that as an Intrusion on her privacy. By say, I oould lusion that Inside him were two red her rings, Introduced into his body while he slept by an inmate next him. The neurasthenics are the prey of the quacks and a source of great profit to patent medicine venders. To him their advertisements are of absorbing interest, he finding comfort and hope in the pub lished cures of cases .such as his. arid with a hope that "springs eternal" he tries for a time this or that patent cure, only too often with little result toward the riddance of his imaginary disease. Can the manifestation of hysteria "be called Imaginary? What hysteria really is is Pot known; all that can be said at present Is that it is some disturbance of the higher centers of the brain; no ac tual disease of these centers has as yet been discovered. Its manifestations are wonderful and many; the hysterical fit, resembling an epileptic fit, is of common occurrence; the state of catalepsy, in which the per son may assume or be placed In any at titude, may follow the fit. The senses of sight, hearing and tAstc may be affected, causing defective vision, deafness and complete loss of taste; sen sation to touch and pain may be lost over certain areas of the skin, or even over the whole body, so that affected persons are unable to feel the prick of a pin or to distinguish the difference between heat and cold; curious abnormal, rigid posi tions of the limbs, clenching of the fin gers, various forms of paralysis closely resembling those produced by disease of WHERE WOMEN MAKE Old-Fashioned Art Survives Among French-Acadian Villages in Nova Scotia. IN the French Acadian villages of Nova Scotia one may still seo the primitive household arts. Thoy are still so far from the railroad that they -are protected from the Invasion of cheap manufactured objects, and there are few towns large enough to support stores of - any Im portance. One of the most interesting efforts at household decoration on the part of the women is the painting of the floors. In some few of the houses, the more pros perous ones, there are carpets In the par lors and oilcloth in the bedrooms. There are others whose bedrooms, dining-rooms or kitchens have bare floors but whose parlors are furnished with oilcloth and rugs. But most of those seen in these St. Mary's Bay villages have no carpets and few have oilcloth. The floors are decorated by the women In bright colored paints. This idea may have originated in an effort to Imitate oilcloth or carpet. If so, the Imitation Is more picturesque than the original, as well as cleaner and cheaper. The paint Is put on In patterns usually geometrical, large and rather simple, al though the more skilful the painter the more complicated the pattern. Different patterns are used on the different rooms in the house and on the halls and stairs. The patterns are first carefully marked out and measured by the women before the paint Is put on, and It is astonish ing how accurately and neatly the work is done by the ordinary housewife. In one household the kitchen floor was painted dull gray and ovor this a huge centerpiece of crude red and yellow had been painted. The pattern was laid out in circles, each part ot the pattern ac curately spaced. The effect was one of barbaric brightness and yet was not un pleasantly glaring. The hallway of this house had for its floor paint red, white and blue squares. The tricolor and the "Marseillaise" still THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, AUGUST 20, 1905. go to sleep In Babe's don and she's never make a fuss. "We'reold friends, you see. and hips arc mighty sociable with kcep ors when they itnow them. Toothache Makes "Bnbc" Cranky. "The only time I ever had any trouble with Babe was last Spring at Madison Square Garden. I noticed that Babe had suddenly developed a cranky disposition. She seemed to have lost all pleasure In life, and moped around' like a sick chick en. She even resented it when I went into her cage. I didn't know what to do with her. and so one day I called in Dr. Way. who has charge of the animal hospital of the circus, to make an exam ination. It didn't take him long to dis cover the trouble. " "Why,' he said, after he had looked at her tongue and'peered down the long tunnel she calls her throat, and prodded around among her teeth and tusks, "there's nothing much' the matter with the old girl just got a little toothache that's all. "You might naturally suppose that Babe would kick against any one fooling with her Jaws, but she seemed to know in stinctively that the doctor was there to help her. So when Dr. Way cleaned out a cavity in one of , her big teeth, as well as he could, and sprayed a little antisep tic solution into It, and plugged up the hole with a fistful of amalgam, she never whlmpored and kept her mouth wide open without the slightest urging. The noxt day she was all right, and she hasn't had a pain or ache since, so far as I have been able to discover." Prince, the GInnt Iilon. While Babe is the biggest animal among the amphibians. Prince, -the old lion, is one of the giants of his race. Prince has quite a history. He is a real African lion. fls one of the very few lions In this coun try actually born in the Jungle, and. in stead of being secured while a cub. was captured whon almost full grown after a the brain and spinal cord are some of Its manifestations. They may last for but a few hours, though they have been known to coritlnue for months and years. Recovers from them in many cases is sudden, taking place during some mental excitement or during periods of religious revival. These hysterical manifestations and their cure arc the explanation of many of the "faith cures." Whon placed upon proper care, re cover" is nearly always rapkl. A young girl, bed-ridden for months with hysterical paralysis of the legs and complete loss of sensation to touch and pain, got well in a few weeks whon removed from her home to a hospital. Another case of a grl who would fall asleep for periods of three or four days, during which time she could with diffi cult.. hA r-t 1 r- n .1 4nlrn . f -Um am rapidly well on removal to a hospital. In the middle ages hysterical subjocts were rdgarded sometimes as saints, but more often as possessed of devils. It then occurred frequently later on they were supposed to be affected by "vapors." which gav'rise to these various condi tions. A little while ago they were ' regarded as shammers: attention to them was thought to aggravate their complaint. To day these imaginary ills are looked upon as something more definite a disease of the nervous system, the true cause and nature of which will be one of the groat discoveries of the future. RUGS BY HAND mean much to the French Acadian. But the leaning toward the old colors was not without modification; tho blue was almost black and the red vory dark. The effect was very much that of a tiled pavement. ' The houses have usually one story all the- way across and a second story In tho center under the peaked roof. The front hall opens directlyon the kitchen, a very large, - low celled room, from which sev eral tiny bedrooms open. Besides Its decorated floor, the kitchen, which Is the dining-room also, often rejoices in elabo rate home-made rugs. The making of these rugs Is a much practised art among the Acadian women. There are three principal kinds of these rugs, classifying them as to the method of construction those made on a back ground of sacking, and pulled through. those mado of braided rags and those made of flat pieces of cloth and sewed together on a foundation. The most elaborate rugs, those having ornaments of little dogs and other designs of a sim ilar nature, ar-e the least attractive. The braided rugs, which are the sort most admired by those of artistic eye, are the easiest to make. The pulled through rugs made on sack ing are the ones on which the skilful workers most pride themselves.They offer an opportunity for the working out of the much admired dog designs. They are made on a -foundation of sacking. The material of which they are woven Is pulled through the Interstices of the sack ing and then the ends cut off so that a deep soft surface Is formed of the closely placed clipped ends. The weaving fabric is oiten or rags, but In the finer rugs is or woolen yarn, which the women them selves have carded, wound and dved. In making these rugs of wool an effort Is usually made to follow the patterns of the old-fashioned velvet carpets. None of these carpets Is to be seen In the homes of these people, but the patterns have been copied for generations. The wool for the groundwork is usually dark red. rich and soft, as In the old velvet THE CIRCUS ZOO desperate battle with native hunters. There Is something of the lordly freedom of the wild beast at liberty in Prince's walk., and manner, while his great size and beauty of his head and mane make him particularly .interesting to students and artists. During the time the Barnum & Bailey show was exhibiting at Olym pla, in Ixmdon. famous painters from all over Great Britain made sketches of old Prince, and one artist was especially com missioned to paint him as the representa tive British Hon for the British Museum. The painting now attracts the universal and admiring attention of visitors to the museum. When It comes to reach, however, the giraffes are the giants of the zoological display. There are four of these In teresting animals, two of them are known by the Teutonic names of Fritz and Lens. Strange to say. Fritz and Lens are pronounced enemies, and fight po desperately when placed in the same cage that they have to be kept separated most of the time. The male animal is the taller, and can feed conveniently through a second-story window. A peculiarity of this animal Is the fact that it makes audible sounds. All books on natural his tory that treat on the giraffe declare that the camcleopard is entirely mute, and that has always been the belief among zoolog ical men In this country, and they say that Fritz is the only giraffe that ha ever bden known to make an audible sound. It la a very peculiar thing and the keeper has taken advantage of It to "show off" the animal to curious visitors. The keeper pats Fritz on the neck, tempt ingly holds up a little bunch of .leaves and says, Just as he would say to a clever dog: "Speak, Fritz, speak!" Intelligence nnd Long Reach. Fritz gazes longingly at the succulent leaves, looks undecided for a moment, then throws up his head and emits a nolso that sounds suspiciously like the carpets, or It may be white, but this In rarer Instances. The designs are large and carried out In. the old-fashioned pinks and blues of our great-grandmothers' days. - Even' well equipped Acadian kitchen has a spinning-wheel whero tho wool is reeled after the carding Is done. The mother of the household usually sits at the wheel while the younger women and girls knit the heavy woolen garments much needed In the winter season. Through the doors opening off the kitchen one catches glimpses of the little bedrooms yith painted walls and floors and Immaculate small beds. Each room has Its home-made rug and Its fanciful prie dieu. Teh latter shares the glory of the apartment with the home-made quilt which covers each bed. The home-made quilts are the pride of tho Nova Scotian housewife. She is still working out tne elaborate patterns which absorbed the attention of our grandmothers and which we of this generation never look at with out wondering where they found the tjme to do them. ADAH AND EVK AT THE FAIR. "Can It be our dear old Eden? Am I dream- lnc- or awake? Paradise wan never fairer than thli region by the lake. Tee, It U! It 1 our homeland, glorified by meant and stream." CrlAd exulant Father Adam, waking from aa agelong dream. All the nations here uniting! What" a vron dreus caceant. Eve! Come. behoM our lively garden, what we aeo we must believe. Leek! the olden mode of travel have for ever passed away. And the swiftest speed of lightning suits the clamor of today; In the air a giant wlxard. never seen but tried and strong Walt to speed us on our Journey, don't you hear the trolley song? For the exile drear is ended, here is homo for ns at last. Eden's door is open, dearest, and our wan dering is past." Happy as a pair of children guided by a beckoning star. For the Fair our .two ancestors hailed a whizzing trolley car; Parsing temple, grove er castle, stately plre or cottage low. Thrilling with the Joy of motion, faster, faster, on they go! Soon an undreamed sight of beauty wel comed them with swinging gates. They had reached the crowning triumph of the proud Pacific States. SUH. like little eager children, pawing through each portico. Tbey oould see In bloom the valor of one hundred years ago. Seo the .bud of future greatnem never 'blighted by a fear. See the upward march of progress, trusting every untried year. And they cried: "Oh. roaecrowned clty! blooming like your matcnieea, flowr, O'er your majesty and beauty rut hi cm Time can hold no powr!" - - - Evening came, and 'every structure glittered . 'neath a Jeweled crown, . For the very stars of glory came to light tho masic town. Adams eyes were big with wonder; he could only jraJD and say: "How. the world has hastened onward! What a land we ate today! In these glanC firs and cedars we behold this new world's wealth. ' "While from wind of pine-clad mountain oil may draw "fresh hope and healtK"- - - Age then vaaSohed like a vapor, both had reached the fount of youth. Son-own, centuries long, were ended; here was home In very truth. Eve's gray tresses turned to golden, all around them beauty reigned. And they knew that land of roses must be Paradise reralned. Everywhere they sent thbi message; "When you want a cooung oreexe. Pack your trunk and come to Portland, pttc your tent Beneatn our trees." -MART at'XABB JOHXSTOX. bark of a young seallon. Having ac complished his stunt, he looks for his reward, and of course gets It. The giraffe is more or less proud of tho fact that he is "the tallest creature that walks the earth." but elephants nevor mm to know that they are big. The biggest elephant In the Barnum & Bailey herd of 30 big and little pachy derms is old Queen. This elephant Is the colossus of her kind, but she ?ccms to have no comprehension of the fact. She Is like an overgrown boy or school girl, whose logs have stretched out in ad vance of the rest of her body, and whose great difficulty Is to keep from stumb ling over herself. When the small ele phants have their bad days and want to fight with the other elephants nnd with themselves. Queen gently, but forcibly, acts as peacemaker, and separates the young belligerents before they can do one another any rerious injury. Sho also used to move the big dens and cages into place, and although when the show i lot Is muddy, and the big wagons stick J the mire. It Is enough to give her a colos ! sal headache, she never complains. She ! leavos complaining to the small fry among tho elephant herd. Rest of Herd Defers to Queen. I Thero Is something, too, about .old j Queen that attracts all the new and ' strange young elephants to her. Last Fall I the Barnum & Bailey agent in Singapore sent over a herd of little war elephants. These elephants give a remarkable ex hibition of trained elephantine intelligence in the big show. One of their number, however, has never been able to perform, owing to an illness contracted on the voyage, or, as some of the keepers think, the result of homesickness. This little elephant Is known around the chow as Chedah. When Chedah was corralled with the other elephants at the Winter quarters in Bridgeport, Conn., she gave every evidence of Illness, and tho other A Great Newspaper "jBeat" in Mid-Ocean How Dr. Dillon Sent the Famous "Wltte Interview by Wireless, Relaying It From Ship to Ship. DR. EMILE J. DILLON'S Interview with Mr. Wltte, the Russian peace en voy, sent by wireless telegraph from the deck of the Kaiser "Wllhelm der Grosse at sea to the London Dally Telegraph and then cabled to every part of the world, was one of the sensations of the voyage of Russia's representatives to America, says the New York World. It was not only a great newspaper feat, but the transmission of nearly a thou sand words by such means and under such circumstances startllngly suggests the future possibilities of the wireless tel egraph. Dr. Dillon is a small man. with a large forehead and mild gray eyes. Ho is the SL Petersburg correspondent of the Daily Telegraph, a scholar learned In Slavonic literature, a friend of Count Tolstoy, a war correspondent, an author of Russian books, a Biblical student, a walking en cyclopedia on Russia and the Russians. So simple and Innocent Is the counte nance of this gifted man, so meek and shy his bearing, that you would never suspect him of "scopping" his competit ors by the wireless achievement which as tonished Europe and America alike. Here was an Interview of great length in a crisis In the affairs of two warring empires. The ship was far out at sea. The demure man with the large forehead and queer gray eyes said nothing, but, looking meeker and more modest than ever, went to work. "I wrote all the Interview out very care fully," said Dr. Dillon, when asked for the facts about his "beat." "for there is great liability of error in wireless trans mission. Then I divided it into parts, each containing about ICO words, closing each part with the words 'End of Part 1 or 2, &c. and 'more to come. "The reason for dividing the message In this way Is that, on a moving ship it Is quite likely that ICO words would be the limit possible to send to one receiving station before we passed out of range. "We had already gone too far from shore to send a message direct to the nearest land station (Qr the Lizard). . "The wireless apparatus on shipboard does not transmit nearly so, far as is gen erally supposed. Two or three hundred miles? No; I should say less than that So It was necessary to send this message from ship to ship as we and they were moving on the ocean. "Before starting the message the num ber and probable position of these ships was ascertained. There were four steam ers properly equipped with wireless ap paratus bound westward on which we could count, I estimated that with good luck wo could get the entire message through by Sunday, In time for Monday's Telegraph. ."Electrical connection was effected with one ship on Friday and a portion of the message was transmitted to that ship. Then, as the ships Increased the distance between each other, they passed out of' range of the electrical transmission. "It was then necessary to wait until another steamship came within the radius of the transmitting power of the Instru ments on board the Kaiser. . "Whether it was necessary for the op erator on the Kaiser Wllhelm der Grosse to use all the four eastbound ships as re ceivers I do not know, but the last con nection was made on Sunday, with a falr probablllty of the entire interview reach ing London that night, as, in fact, it did. "This process of sending a message in mid-ocean from ship to ship and then to land is A long and uncertain one. In this case it worked admirably, however. "Wire less telegraphing Is still in. an experiment al stage, and the equipments on shipboard I understand those on the Kaiser Wll helm der Grosse were as good as any In use today must have stronger batteries before they are fully a success. They Prince, Uncrowned Potentate; Name; Queen, Chaperone OLt little elephants, which are unlike monkeys In this respect, seemed to delight In tor menting her. This went on for several days. Finally one day. Queen, who had , been chained at the far end of the ele phant house, was fastened close to the ( little bulls. The next time they began to worrj Chedah their fun was of short i duration. Queen swung her great trunk t right and left, administering punishment ; wherever she could reach. That settled the assaults on Chedah.( From that time I on eho was allowed tb live In peace. 1 should be able to send directly to land sta tions, wherever they are at sea. "When within two days of New York I desired, to send some very important mat ter to the paper in London. I planned to have It sent by wireless to an American station, from where It could "be cabled to England. We could not make connections, however, from shipboard, and I was obliged to wait until I landed." LONDON C01NSA NEW WORD Physician Vses "Smog" to Describe the Recking Atmosphere. Utlca Observer. This word "smog" which was coined in London last week and which describes tho condition of the atmosphere there when laden with fog and reeking, in smoke has surely come to stay. It Is the Invention of a physician In London who was serv ing as delegate in the British Congress of Health. The new word meets all the re quirements of the case. It is pointed. Its echo of sound to sense Is perfect. It Is a better word than "fog" to .describe a London morning or, for that matter, to describe a morning in New York, Brooklyn. Pittsburg, or Chicago. In all big manufacturing cities the smoke min gles with the fog .and produces darkness. Can you not see that the word is destined to live and become "classic"? It will, we are sure. " The word "quiz" (which is a dictionary word now) owes its qrigin to a wager made by an Irishman named Daly that he could coin a word to which the ptiblic would give the definition he Intended. He Is said to have bet 100 on this original wager, which was accepted by a friend. Then the original word-coiner set to work marking on every dead wall The Singer Sewing Machine Company 'Extends' to you a cordial invitation to visit its Pavilion IN THE MANUFACTURES BUILDING at the Lewis and Clark Exposition PORTLAND, OREGON Tkis PaviEon will contain machines for every stitching process used in the family and in manufactures, some of which rauit be of interest to you. Many of these machines will be running and - all will be capable of operation Samples of their work will be given to those interested also Free Souvenir Views of Pacific Coast Scenery There are Five Sets, each comprising Ten Views IN AN ENVELOPE READY FOR MAILING "Babe," Who Belies Her of Elephant Family, while Queen, who had so forcibly defend ed her. constituted herself the lonely littto elephant's adopted mother. It was a n!s she could play to perfection, too, for sha Is big enough to command respect amorg the entire herd, and at the sam tlnn she has a heart that is big enough to tak in all the motherless "little elephants in creation. The menagerie will prove one of the strongest attractions of tho big Barnum. & Bailey show when it exhibits in Part Innd tomorrow and Tuesday. that he could find In Dublin the four letters q-u-I-z. "What does it mean?" asked the first man who saw It. "It means to question." answered the second. Within 24 hours the public had fastened this signification to the new word, which was that fixed by tho coiner hlmseir. So he won his bet and enriched the Eng lish language with a sound, good word which is universally admitted today to the company of words derived from the original Latin, Greek, Hebrew and other tongues. We are not surprised to hear that th new word "smog" was hailed with "ap plause" at its first utterance before the health congress. The doctors were quick to see the wldo use to which "smog' could be put. "It Is a .smoggy morning." "The air is full of 'smog. " A few weeks ought to be sufficient, to introduce these phrases every where that they are avilya ble throughout tho English-speaking world. If the man who causes two blades cf grass to grow where but. on grew before Is to be honored how much more wor thy Is he who makes- two words whero only one existed In .the vocabulary be fore? All honor, then, to the medlval word-coiner and honor, too, to his coinage "smog!" Spirit of the Machine. Richard Le Galllenne, the poet and critic; & evidently no devotee of tho auto mobile. Hear him: "Compare the faces of coachmen and. the faces of chauffeurs and you will understand what I mean. Notice the kindly human look of the man who deals with horses (there Is, so to say. something humanizing about horses), ani notice the hard, cold, even cruel face ot the man who drives the machine. Tha spirit of tho machine seems to hava passed Into him. relentless and arrogant, the pride of power and speed."