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PORTLAND, SUNDAY, JANUARY 29, 1903.
ENCELADUS UNDER AETNA.
The outbreak In Russia is not a revo
lution, because the soldlera in the great
centers, drawn from distant parts of
the empire, do not sympathize with the
people who protest against the despot
Ism, and at the word of command
therefore are ready to Are. But for the
vast extension of the Russian empire,
during centuries past, through which
outside peoples in great numbers have
been brought under the control of the
central government, and now In turn
eupply a force of coercion for. central
population, which hitherto has been ex.
erted by the central population over
them, there would be no doubt of the
success of the revolutionary protest. As
It is, the revolution must wait
How long, no. one can conjecture. In
so mighty an empire, composed mostly
of people fit only for servitude, it will
take a long time for the leaven of free
dom to leaven the lump. It may be
hundreds of years yet, therefore, "until
Russia can become a free country, with
a public and popular spirit, working
out its way through parliamentary or
representative government In the tide
of human affairs in Russia, there is
something akin to or comparable with
geologic movements and eras In the
physical history of the planet. The
human cataclysm is in operation In
Russia; yet no one can foresee when
Its fierce fires will have burned out, or
under what conditions it will obtain
repose.
Yet we must believe that the cause
of human liberty, in spite of these
checks, obstacles and difficulties, will
get forward. It Is old history. The
spirit of freedom, now trodden down,
will still live. In all ages men have
seen liberty desperately wounded; they
have seen her foes gather around her
and bind her to the stake; they have
seen them give her ashes to the winds,
But, as If to mock their exultation, she
has risen again like an avenger upon
them, clad in complete steel, bearing
In her right hand a flaming sword red
with Insufferable light. So now, the
spirit of liberty, crushed today In Rus
sia, will rise again; for there, as else
where, the eternal years are hers
What time can be required none can
tell one century, two centuries, five
centuries, with agony and blood at
every stage of the proceeding. For Na
ture, in her movements, scarcely reck
ons time, never counts the cost. But
the blood shed in the cause of freedom
is not lost. Byron's drama, "Marino
ailero, and historical tragedy of
Venice, is little read. -Here, however.
is one of its powerful passages:
They never fall who die
In a great cause; the block may soak their
gore;
Their heads may sodden In the sun; their limbs
Be strung to city gates and castle walls
But still their spirit walks abroad. Though
year
Elapse, and others share as dark a doom.
They but augment the deep and sweeping
thoughts
Which overpower all others, and conduct
The world at last to freedom.
Russia now. In her career of aggres
sivc despotism, has encountered a na
tion on her remote frontier that is able
to give her a check. The splendid ef
fort of Japan throws the conflict In
Russia back on Itself, and may hasten
the Inevitable. That Japan Is fight
lng the battle of freedom in Russia Is
apparent. Japan, acting as an inter
nal force, will hasten the Internal con
flict In Russia. But the mass of Rus
sla Is mighty and immobile, and the
conditions are not yet ripe for revolu
tlon. The "circulation" of the coun
try is too Imperfect and 6low. But it
will be quickened yet. Enceladus Is
turning under Aetna.
"SO ir CIVETH HIS BELOVED SLEEP."
The gift of sleep: Daily recurring, It
is as needful to us as food or air. Un
like food, tho harder it is labored for the
poorer the results. When Lord Rosebery,
the English statesman, and a great
favorite personally, suffered from sleep
lessness some years ago, he published
his thanks on his recovers' to his un
known correspondents who had deluged
him with recipes. Among the old wives'
fables that were sent him were a few
remedies which he advised others to
try who were In similar doleful case.
The first was. breathing deeply and
thinking of each breath, but above all
breathing slowly. The next time one
lies awake, slumber far from one's eye
lids, it is worth while to remember this
and put it to trial. Generally, about
ten to fifteen long breaths will be all
of which consciousness remains. If this
loses its power, try a cup of ot, very
hot, cocoa or chocolate, with milk, just
as you lie down in bed. If you fancy
mental remedies, count the sheep pass
ing through the gate one by one. Often
about & hundred so Imagined will send
you off for good. Or. In the dim light
of the bedroom, fix your eyes on a spot
on the ceiling above your head and
watch it before long your eyeilds will J
be tired and close in sleep. ' 1
Some people keep some old rhymes J
and verses In a back chamber of their I
brains, ready for such an emergency.
slowly to recall and say over to one's
self. If worry is the enemy, then byJ
some means turn the current of your
thoughts. Try some of these sugges
tions, but if none succeeds then cease
fighting in bed for the sleep that will
not come to you, get up, wake yourself
thoroughly, try cold water inside and
out, then seek your bed once more.
and you may perhaps bless these recol
lections and experiences of a poor
sleeper.
ONE REFORM UNDER WAY.
The House at Salem has passed the
Newell bill providing a more humane
system for transportation of Insane per
sons to the State Asylum. It requires
In brief that custody of the unfortu
nate insane, who may be ordered
committed to the asylum, shall be
turned over at the county seat to a
trained attendant sent from Salem.
The old method has been and is to
keep an insane person in the County
Jail until the Sheriff Is ready to make
the trip to Jhfi capital. When he goes,
he charges all the traffic will bear.
He may or may not understand the
humane method of caring for his
charge, and the Journey, if long, may
be. probably will be. one of very
great hardship. It ought to require
no argument to convince any one
that the considerate and proper way to
take a demented woman to the asylum
is to place her In the keeping of a sym
pathetic and experienced female atten
dant; nor is an insane man entitled to
less consideration at the hands of a
careful and patient male escort.
The question of expense is not all-
important, but it ought to be consid
ered even in a matter of this kind.
Secretary of State Dunbar's report
shows that it costs $220 to convey one
insane person from Harney County to
Salem, and $33.80 from Baker. From
Salem the thrifty Sheriff draws down
$S for taking one patient from the
Courthouse to the asylum, a distance
of two miles, with a connecting electric
line whereon the fare Is the moderate
sum of 5 cents. The time occupied for
this 'service Is perhaps two hours. If
the superintendent of the asylum were
to be permitted to send for this pa
tient, the total actual outlay would be
15 cents, plus the time occupied in
going and coming.
The graft in this one branch of the
state service, and the reasons for
maintaining it, are so obvious that
they do not need again to be stated by
The Oregonian. There has long been
a crying and recognized need for re
form, but there has been no reform.
because the Sheriffs were able to pre
vent it Four years ago, the bill passed
the Senate by a large vote, but by one
of those subtle and effective moves
which the practical politician so well
knows how to make, it never reached a
vote In the House. Now a similar mea
sure has gone through the House by
an overwhelming vote. The genuine
humanitarians who have been success
ful in carrying the measure so far will
no doubt be able to Impress on the
Senate the importance of early and
favorable action.
REPRESENTATIVES OR DELEGATES?
The Industry of the two houses of the
Oregon legislature is marked by the
introduction of 474 bills. Of these
twenty-nine bills have passed both Sen
ate and House, and eight bills have
been signed by the Governor. The com
mittees are hard at work, and the
slaughter of the innocents proceeds at
a rapid rate. A bill for enabling future
Legislators to submit to their future
colleagues bills they Intended to pre
sent has been judiciously killed, and it
certainly seems as Ifvarious others
might be similarly disposed of. The
knotty questions of whether or not
divers institutions should be created or
enlarged, and how much of the public
funds should go to their support, re
mains to be solved. Certainly these
matters are directly within the pro
vince of the Legislators and nothing ap
proaching dictation to them should be
suggested. And yet there are general
principles which can properly be put
forward as guides.
The decision as to whether or not a
certain bill should be supported or op
posed depends on the point of the com
pass from which it Is approached. It
may well be if as a delegate, yes if as
a representative, no. Oregon, and not
Its components parts, is to .be heard
and studied In Its Legislative Assem
bly. .Many a member is supported for
election because his neighbors think
him able to win votes for and to carry-
some local measure in which they con
sider the prosperity of their district is
at stake. To that extent then he is
their delegate.
"When he arrives in Salem his first
step Is to test the ground, meet his fel
lows, and ascertain the chances for his
pet measure. He finds that alone he
will fall, by combination with others
he may win. He thinks himself Justi
fied, and he Is, in pressing his views on
his colleagues. Almost all these local
measures have merit, more or less, and
with an unlimited treasury and no com
parison with others, might pass with
some profit and little Injury to the
state. So far the delegate.
The next step, however, enters de
batable ground. The member finds his
powers of persuasion unequal to win
ning enough support. So he seeks for
weapons of compulsion. He leaves the
advocacy of his own bill to find out
what pet measures his neighbors have
in -hand. Then comes the crisis for him
between right and wrong. He is tempt
ed not to submit his neighbors' bills to
the test of his own judgment and con
science whether the passage of their
bills and of his would benefit the state
at large, but to put all the bills together
and with a united push to drive them
through.
Now there may be yet another stage
in the delegates progress. Another
temptation may beset him. He may
know in his soul that all these bills
ought not to pass, but. for the sake of
his people at home, and to justify the
faith they have in him. he Is In danger
of sinking the representative in the
delegate and of Joining the combine
"Whether these trite and obvious sug
gestions apply to any members of the
present Legislature Is not now in ques
tion. It is not asserted, for final action
has not been taken on the vast major
ity of measures, and time and events
will tell the tale. But it is sure that
the true representative, awake to the
interests of our common state, know
ing that the whole is greater than the
part, feeling his responsibility to Ore
eon in accord with his oath, will let
.the large and -rot the minor cocsldera- ' ail children oh the farm are encour
UonE turn his vote j aged to attend- during the school sca-
Of course, ii Is hard to run the risk
on his return of being faced with th?
charge of failure to upheld the local
measure to the successful end. But the
true representative will run this rirk.
knowing that as Oregon grows and de
velops on all sides the responsibility
of her Legislators grows as welL
A WEAK MONARCH AVTI H1R VAltHA'. I
mi,, v, : , -it., tt t..v 1
in the great stress that has come upon
the government comports with the gen
erally accepted estimate of his charac
ter as a man and a sovereign. Mild,
generous by nature, with a mind re
sponsive to the demands of justice, he
is lacking in the sterner elements of
character that distinguished the earlier
.Romanoffs, abhors the cruelties in
which they delighted, and turns with
almost womanish repugnance from the
sight of bloodshed. "We may well be
lieve that this man has been monarch
of Russia but In name; that he'has been
held in subjection to the Imperious will
of his mother and constantly hampered
by the schemings of his uncles, the
Grand Dukes Vladimir and Sergius.
The Empress-mother, though a
daughter of placid and peaceful King
Christian of Denmark, has grown In
later years to be a very tigress in
subtlety and fury- Imperious, implaca
ble, haughty and dominating, she has
dominated not only her son, the Em
peror, but has ruled his court and
household. Inflicting many indignities
and much humiliation upon the amia
ble, cultured, high-spirited young Czar
ina. Her special grievance at the lat
ter was that she failed so long to bring
an heir to the throne, and when finally
a son was born to Nicholas the Empress-mother
took the boy under her
special supervision, Ignoring, as far as
possible. In all public functions, the
mother of the child.
If anything were wanting to prove
Nicholas a weakling previous to this
outbreak, the fact that he permitted
his mother to rule his wife in this man
ner would have furnished it. His utter
collapse in the presence of the grave
dangers and responsibilities of empire
was a thing to be expected of a man
who so signally failed to rule his own
house wisely and justly.
The Dowager Empress, who is said
to sway her son against his wife and
hl3 conscience, was Princess Dagmar of
Denmark, a younger sister of Queen
Alexandra of England. She was be
trothed in early youth to Nicholas,
Czarewlts of Russia, who died at Nice
in 165. She soon consoled herself with
his brother Alexander, the father of the
present Czar.- During her long resi
dence at the Imperial court of the Ro
manoffs, she has become thoroughly
Russianized, and Is today one of the
most unbending of the autocrats that
live close to the throne.
The Czarina is Princess Alix of
Hesse-Darmstadt, the youngest daugh
ter of Princess Alice of England and
Louis, late Grand Duke of Hesse.
Known in her childhood's home as
Princess "Sunshine," she is a gentle
woman of bright and even brilliant
mind, and many graces of character.
She very reluctantly became the bride
of Nicholas, having no taste for Rus
sian forms and customs and objecting
strenuously to the change required in
her religious faith in order that she
might become Empress of "Holy Rus
sia." Her- objections, though not her
misgivings, were overcome, however,
and she was married to the Czar some
ten years ago with great pomp and
circumstance. She is the mother of five
children four daughters the eldest of
whom is said to be a child of almost
phenomenal intelligence, and a son who
was born a few months ago.
These comprise the immediate family
of the Czar, who are likely to be con
strained to seek safety by flight to Co
penhagen All, with the exception of
the Dowager Empress, are entitled to
the sympathy of the world in the great
stress that has come upon them.
Nicholas is a weakling. It remains
to be seen whether. In his weakness, he
will not be more fortunate in keeping
a place in the hearts of loyal Russians
than will be the Imperious Grand Dukes
of the Empire, who are grimly deter
mined to fight for the throne while he
is anxious to fly.
A FARM AS AN INSTITUTION.
Colonel James M. Smith, of Smith
sonla, Ga., is scheduled by a writer in
the World's "Work as one of the few
millionaires who have won their
wealth by farming; few, for the reason
that "men are rare who can make a
farm an institution." This man. who
is practically a class by himself, began
with a farm of about G3 acres, near
Athens, Ga., in 1S66. His first year's
crop was two bales of cotton and fifty
bushels of corn. He now owns 23.000
acres of land, much of which is timber
and pasturage, and his crop last year
consisted of 3000 bales of cotton, 25,000
bushels of corn, 12,000 bushels of wheat.
15,000 bushels of oats, COOO bushels of
cow pease, 6000 bushels of sweet pota
toes, 10,000 bushels of turnips and 500
tons of hay and forage.
A peculiarity of Colonel Smith's
methods is found in his faculty of util
izing the labor at hand to a certain
extent, by eschewing machinery and
keeping his hands busy all the year
round. For example, as stated by this
chronicler, one sometimes sees forty
women and children blacks, of course
flailing seed from Amber cane when
two men and a machine could do the
work just as well In much less time.
His wheat Is cut with the old-fashioned
scythe and cradle Instead of the mod
ern reaper. The reason is simple. No
machine has been Invented that can
successfully pick cotton, and an abun
dance of negro laborers must be kept
on call for the cotton picking. Hence
these old-fashioned methods are em
ployed to keep his laborers at hand
for picking time. In the Interval he
must keep them busy, since upon this
depends discipline, health and cheer
fulness, without which satisfactory
work on the farm is Impossible.
Here is a man who has solved for
himself and to his profit the negro
question In the South. His laborers
are among the happiest and freest in
this country, and yet they are like the
ante-bellum slaves In their dependence
upon their employer. He directs their
work with fatherly kindness, keeps
them busy, and provides them with
comfortable homes and clothing. Un
der this treatment the negroes remain
his tenants for years and are devoted
to his Interests.
As contrasted with the disastrous at
tempt to. inject the negro bodily Into
political life, and to throw him a
grown-up child upon his own respon
slbllity. industrially, the method of
Colonel Smith appeals to humanity,
good judgment and commercial sagac
ity. Recognizing the fact that condi
tions change, he provides schools which
son. Tn-? growth from cepencence to t
independence is slow with the individ
ucl of any race. "With the negro It is
particularly so. The necessary ele
ments of this crowih are provided vjhen
.a people willing, cheerful, affectionate
and anxious to please are kept busy
and comfortable and furnished instruc-
ftlon in schools as fast as they can ab-
EOrb Mi assimilate It.
A sufficient number of fanners
In
the South, to have covered its arable
area with their holdings and turned
Its waste" places into productive farms
by means of the labor at hand, at the
close of the war, would long ago have
put the meddlesome politician out of
business in that section and taken the
negro question out of the catalogue of
puzzles that vex the brain7 of the social
scientist and the Industrial philosopher.
Colonel James M. Smith, of Georgia,
doubtless won his military title in the
service of the Confederacy; but Na
ture made his title clear to the com
mon sense that enabled him to "wrest
prosperity from devastation" and to
solve within the circle of his agricul
tural activities the negro question upon
the broad and sure basis of Industrial
growth.
A CHARACTER OF CONTRADICTIONS.
With the death of Louise Michel, one
of the most noted anarchists of later
years passed from earth. Her strong,
somewhat masculine features have been
familiar to the public of two continents
for some years, and the ceaseless activ
ity of her life as against the existing
order of things is a matter of common
knowledge. "Worshiped by the enemies
of law and order;, feared by the civil
authorities, as she pursued her errant
course; beloved by the poor and suf
fering among whom her lot was fre
quently cast, she fought the battles of
anarchy on the lecture platform, in the
streets and in books and pamphlets for
a generation. She maintained the hold
acquired by her aggressive speech and
sympathetic acts up to the close of her
long- life, and died sincerely lamented
by the group of anarchists-who make
Paris the source of their propaganda.
In spite of the instinctive aversion
that arises at the mention of her name,
there were many admirable points in
the character of Louise Michel. Her
devotion to the sick and wounded
in the Franco-German- "War, her
love of children, her sympathy with
the struggles of the poor, her per
sonal bravery In the presence of dan
ger, are elements that stand to her
credit. Against these lower darkly the
fierce Invective by which she incited
riot and her unbending enmity to es
tablished rules of government.
The contradictions in the character
and career of this woman are depicted
by the Brooklyn Standard-Union as
follows:
Too much, of a woman to be a great anar
chist, for women are conservative by Instinct;
too much an anarch Ift to be a good woman.
Loulw) Michel was an anomolr, a contradic
tion; a type to furnish speculation to scien
tists of the Lombeoso school; a type to be
pitied by the sreat majority, who hold, despite
Xiombeoeo, that environment has more to da
with the development of character than the
bumps In one's skull.
"Whlttler, kindest and gentlest of New
England poets, yet often sternly just In
his arraignment of wrong, says of the
contradictory elements In the charac
ter of a woman who found a place In
his great "Winter Idyl, "Snow Bound":
The outward, wayward life we see
The hidden springs we may not know.
It is not ours to separate
The tangled skein of will and fate
To chow what meted and bounds should stand
Upon the foul's debatablo land.
And between choice and Providence
Divide the circle of events.
This is at least a convenient form of
philosophy to apply to a character that
Is by Nature so contradictory as to be
a puzzle practically unsolvable.
The sanitary measures that have
made yellojy fever a scourge of the
past in New Orleans, Memphis and
other cities of the South, and that, ex
tended with such satisfactory results
to Cuba, are to be vigorously urged
this disease fit Panama. Reports that
it had Invaded the Canal Zone were
quickly followed by the inquiry of san
itary scientists, and stringent measures
were taken looking to its elimination
before the Influx of canal laborers. A
force of men Is engaged in extermina
ting mosquitoes, the most industrious
servants of Yellow Jack, and It Is be
lieved that these carriers will be ef
fectually put out of business before
Spring. Next to the mosquito, or, per
haps, his co-equal in the dissemination
of this disease, is filth, and, strange as
it may appear, it is easier to extermi
nate the hordes of these busy germ-
carriers than It Is to make the people de
stroy the hotbeds of rottenness wherein
these germs multiply. Yet difficult as
are these tasks. Governor Davis, of
the Canal Zone, closes a recent report
on the subject with the assurance that
everything is being done to stamp out
the disease that sanitarians desire to
do or have proposed to do. This rep
resents the forces of peace at war with
a subtle enemy of human life and
presages what a few years ago would
have been deemed an impossible vie
too.
Nature having failed thus far to pro
vide a successor to Queen "Wllhelmina
of Holland, the sagacious Dutch bur
ghers have devised a scheme whereby
the hope of Emperor "William to place
a German Prince on the throne of the
Netherlands, when the time comes, will
be thwarted. This successor Is to be
chosen by an elective method, on the
tenth anniversary of the Queen's mar
riace. providing she has no child by
that time If later an hett is born, the
elector chosen will be installed Prime
Minister. The young Queen, the daugh
ter of an old roue who was in his
dotage when she was born, is far from
robust. She is married to a German
Prince of coarse Instincts and uncon
genial habits, and the Interests of the
Netherlands are not likely to suffer by
the lack of an heir, since the "futurity
stakes" under such conditions do not
constitute a promising venture. Un
der such circumstances the wisdom of
selecting a successor to the throne from
material already on hand Is apparent.
Kuropatkin has at this juncture more
than military conditions to regard. A
serious defeat would in all probability
have graver consequences at home than
in Manchuria, and the sudden activity
of Russians and Japanese at this time,
especially in view of the continued cold
weather. Is very significant Corre
spondents variously attribute the re
sumption of hostilities to Russia's de
sire to distract the attention of the
masses from domestic affairs and to
Japan's desire to test the feelings of
the Russian troops in the field. Disaf
fection does not seem to have spread
to the Russian army. Naturally trained.
soldiers, fighting the, battles bf their
country -on its uttermost "frontier, and
face to face with a foe of another race.
are less likely to rebel against the
established order of things than are
workmen, pinched by the distress this
very war occasions, and exposed to the
Inflammatory influence of socialistic
and anarchistic workers. "Whether or
not the present fighting develops Into a
pitched battle of the first magnitude, it
Is evident that even a temporary vic
tory means much to the prestige of
either side at this time.
A measure in the Interest of decency
and humanity is the House bill known
as Bailey's male-consort bill. It pro
vides as far as may be adequate pun
ishment for that lowest and most ut
terly contemptible of all criminals the
man who lives off of the earnings of
fallen women, fitly characterized by the
author of the bill as "the most vicious
parasite which afflicts mankind." The
bill carries a penalty of from one to
three years in the penitentiary, and
we may well believe that the Judges
before whom conviction Is secured un
der this law will not be slow to des
ignate the maximum term in cases
where the human parasite lives off the
wages of sin earned by his wife at his
instigation, or whose victim Is a young
woman at whose downfalf he connived
for this purpose. It may be added that
the bill passed the House without a
dissenting voice, and there is no rea
son to suppose that it will not meet
with equally unqualified Indorsement in
the Senate.
Monrovia, the capital of the only
republic in Africa, is not a place that
can afford much In, the way of distrac
tion from business cares, and this prob
ably accounts for the incessant activity
of the American Consular official there
in preparing reports on various features
of trade with that part of the Dark
Continent. A recent report urges Amer
ican shoe manufacturers to turn their
attention to Liberia, where "the trade
yields large profits, American $1.50 and
52 shoes selling at 54.50," truly a pleas
ant margin for the Importer. "With this
information comes a note on the ex
ports of palm oil, all of it going to
Germany and Great Britain. The oil
is used In Liberia for cooking and
making soap, and In Europe for mak
ing candles, soap and glycerin. An
other article of export from Liberia is
ivory, of which the exportation "has
been much impaired by tribal wars and
feuds."
As shown by the final report of the
Department of Agriculture for the
year, the farm value of the crops of
1904 was $2,734,863,702, exclusive of the
cotton crop. This Is the largest yield
in values on record. The yield of wheat
was less by 95,000,000 bushels than in
1903, but the value of the crop was
greater by 567,000,000, because of the
higher market price. The comparison
between the yields in staple crop3, cotr
ton excluded, for the years 1903-1904. is
shown by the following table, which
accompanies the final report of the
department:
ISM Bush.
1903 Bush.
Corn 2,4S7.4S0,93i
Winter wheat.... 32.935.345
Spring wheat 219.-J54.in
Oats SSi.535.552
Barley 139.74S.SSX
Rye 27.234.5C
Buckwheat 15.00S.338
2.244.176.923
393.S67.250
784.094.199
131.S61.33l
29,363.415
14.Z43.M4
Flaxseed 23.400,o34
Potatoes 332.830,300
Hay (tons) C0.O6.0S
Tobacco (pounds) 660,460,733
27.300.510
247.127.S30
61.305.9W
815,972.423
The Oregonian reprints today an im
mease variety of comment from news
papers throughout the United States on
its great New Year's issue and the
Lewis and Clark Fair. No similar'cdi
tlon of any Pacific Coast newspaper
was ever so widely and favorably no
ticed; and no enterprise, such as our
proposed Exposition, ever received so
much gratuitous advertising. A vast
number of letters, too, have been re
ceived, expressing satisfaction with and
admiration for The Orcgonian's Annual,
and the complete manner in which it
presented the beauties and wonders of
the Exposition. All persons who are
Interested in the success of the Fair
and they include everybody In Oregon
will find both profit and instruction by
turning to pages 34, 35, 36 nnd 37 of to
day's issue.
Apparently Luther Burbank is not the
only wizard of the vegetable world, a
young Frenchman having found a
method of changing radishes Into pota
toes. The- radish Is captured In its in
fancy, confined in a glass retort and
fed on a concentrated solution of glu
cose. Starch develops in the cells of
the radish. It swells but and acquires
the flavor and food value of the less
pungent potato. The discoverer of this
educational process does not point out
what good results may be expected
from training radishes to be potatoes,
so the matter remains at present of In
terest to scientists alone.
How can initiative and referendum
be in danger from a constitutional con
vention, when the constitution itself Is
Initiative and referendum? It is initia
ted by the people or by their represen
tatives, and must be referred to the
people for their approval or rejection
A constitutional convention Is the very
essence and quintessence of initiative
and referendum. Men may be for or
against a constitutional convention, for
good reasons, but they needn't talk
absurdly saying that in order to pre
serve initiative and referendum it is
necessary to deny the first principles
of it.
"Emotional Insanity" is an especially
useful defense in many cases, as the
Insanity presumably departs with the
emotion which brought it on. Hitherto
the one objection to insanity as a de
fense has been the possibility that a
defendant, acquitted of a charge, might
yet be confined as a lunatic "With the
success of "emotional Insanity," as pre
sented by the fair defendant in the
J. Hat. HItchings case, a run upon
this convenient defense may be ex
pected throughout the state.
Success of her arms in the Far East
at this 'Juncture will be of immense
value to Russia. This seems to be at
last promised. If the promise is even
partially or temporarily fulfilled, the re
volt against the government will speed
ily become a closed incident and the
power of aulacracy will be strength
ened by the recent clamor of the popu
lace and- the bloodshed at the palace
gates.
Emperor "William's proposal for the
exchange of German and American col
lege .professors will undoubtedly be fa
vored on this side, on the chance of
getting some of the Chicago University
faculty out of the country.
An open river, an open Sunday and
an open door for Oregon.
K0T'A!C1 COMMENT!
By this time Lawyer Hltchln'gs must
have a fellow-feeling for whipped cream.
A Belllngham girl ran away to become
an actress. She should have reflected on
the number of boys -that run away to be
come pirates and on the small proportion
that gets as far as tho wharf.
One of Pennsylvania's "W. C T. U. or
ganizations deprecates the strong lan
guage used by women. Such horrifying
expressions as "My Lord!" and "Good
Heavens!" are said to fall from ruby
lips with increasing frequency. But.
fudge! What's the use of talking. It's
Impossible to get a woman to come out
and swear like a man when she's mad.
If wo had to preach a sermon that would
scare the careless ones into the fold, we
would describe the after-world as con
sisting of two flats. The upper flat would
be heaven and the lower, helL The In
mates of the lower flat would have to
listen night and day to the strumming of
the harps up topside and to the rumble
of ecstatic millions prancing about on
the ceiling overhead.
The Pugnacious Woman.
(A woman was acquitted of a charge of
assault yesterday, having set up the de
fense of "emotional Insanity.")
When a women ups and hits you in the eye.
However you may feel, display urbanity;
Should ahe throw you (down and jump upon
your lace, '
Tou never, never should employ profanity.
Tour assailant very likely has a .warm and
tender heart.
But suffers from emotional Insanity.
So humor all her whimsies, to whatever length
they go.
It's a duty that you owe to your humanity;
To duck her swings and scratches, or to cut
away and run.
Were proceedings that would savor of lm
raanlty. So accept thla proffered hunch, and let her
swing and punch.
It's a symptom of emotional insanity.
Just grin that's if she'll Jet you and turn
me other cneeK.
Nor deem this good advice but Inanity.
For should you try to struggle, or to have
your puncher pinched.
You'll find recourse to law Is simply vanity.
As a Jury has no choice but to say with single
velec.
She's not guilty Just emotional Insanity.
Russia's Grand Dukes are not all "blind
mouths." Sergius is enterprising enough
to make public a story attributing the
trouble in Russia's "midst" to England.
and pointing out that England had also
caused the great strike of coal miners
in Germany, so that the Baltic fleet would
have no fuel to carry it on to glorious
victory in the Orient. This particular
Grand Duke need not fear a revolution.
If he has to skip from Russia ho can
always make a living as -a. reporter on the
London Dally Mall or the New York
Journal.
An international peace dance is the lat
est London idea. It should be a success.
if there is not too much fighting over
invitations.
Professor: Do you study Milton?
Student: I can't read "Paradise Lo3t,"
but I like the poems he wrote in Eng
lish.
Where Do the Spooks Go?
There's one thing that I haven't found.
No matter how I've tried
When someone turns the light on quick.
Where do the ghoctscs hide?
At night-time when I'm tucked in bed.
The room is full of dark.
The -window- does not shine at all.
Not just the littlest spark.
That's when the spooks come 'round my bed,
I feel ttiem all about;
I'm awful hard to scare, but then
I shout and shout and shout.
Then mother comes, right in the dark.
And says there's nothing there.
And turns the light on. and there's not
A spook left anywhere.
I know that some were theretofore.
Right close up by my side.'
But when the light was turned on quick.
Where did those ghostses hide?
It looks like discrimination against the
dives, this opening of the Fair on Sun
days.
Many a member of the Senate will have
the proud moment of hj3 own election re
called by the little speech of Sam Piles
at Olympla about "being the servant of
the people." That's a phrase which, like
the measles, breaks out early in pollt
leal life, and Is almost as easy to recover
from.
A motor car has crossed the Andes. The
pedestrian has been driven from his last
stronghold.
That was a highly logical argument for
the reduction of the tariff on Philippine
sugar, namely,, that none would -be Im
ported. "
After beginning a movement to swap
professors with Germany, couldn't it be
expanded into having the American uni
versities over there and the German uni
versities la America?
Funny how the ordinary man laughs at
Smoot's belief in revelations and then
goes out to bet on a hunch.
The Chicago Post devote3 a column to
the discussion of "Woman's Place in tho
Home." "Well, In the first place but It's
no use to go further. That's where
woman is. and always will be.
Very fittingly, the National Editorial As
sociation will be entertained in Oklahoma
next year by Joe" Miller.
In thi3 country the "deceased wife's sla
ter" lacKs tho distinction she has in
England and France. There is constant
warfare over the deceased wife's sister
in both these countries, and the man anx
lous to marry a d- w. s. meets with the
greatest obstacles. This seems a very
foolish attitude on the part of the French
and English, for if a widower wants to
marry again, who could be more likely to
please him than one of his former angel's
family? Trained by the same mother,
wjfle the second would be sure to make
the same kind of biscuits as "wlfle the
flrst, and would probably be, to a large
extent, similar In disposition. Besides, It
Is only natural that It a widower knows
ha mustn't marry his d. w. s. that he will
set his heart upon doing so.
A present of pink silk hose figures prom
inently In a ?ew Xork divorce case. "Who'
a thought such things were worn, ex-
.cept in comic opera?
WEXFORD JONES
One Way to Kill Off Coyotes.
Spray Courier.
The local sheepmen have made an
agreement with an experienced trapper to
pay him 52.75 for coyote scalps, and they
hope by so doing to rid their ranges of
these destructive animals. Each sheep
raiser pays in proportion to the number
of sheep he owns. If the sheepmen ia
other sections would adopt similar meth
ods. coyotes would soon be as scarce as
deer and other native animals that were
once so numerous.
HOQR TOO ItOXG DEFERRED. .;
Morning Olympian.
More shame to us. It has fallen to a "
newspaper outside this state, the Portland
Oregonian. to come forward with the sug
gestion that while we are honoring- cur
great dead with monuments we should
not forget one, the preservation of who3e
memory Is pre-eminently entitled to our
flrst and best thoughts General Isaac In
galls Stevens. Hero of Cartreras, Cher-
ubusco and Chapultepec. flrst territorial
Governor and organizer of our civil gov
ernment. Indian fighter, treaty-maker the
medium of peace between the pioneer and
the Indian, the man who died on a Vir
ginia road hard by the old Fairfax home
of George Washington: died representing
Washington territory in that never-tobe-
forgottan time when the nation's Ufa
trembled in tho balance, a hero of heroes
Isaac I. Stevenr.
Tho Oregonian's suggestion is made to
the Legislature.
Now, then, since a statue of Governor Rog
ers has been erected in Olympla. will the
Legislature of Washington permit a further
suggestion? Will it not make provision for a
statuo, to be placed in the Capitol grounds; Of
Isaac Ingalls Stevens, first Governor of Wah-
ington. patriot and soldier Washington's su
premely eminent man?
One of tho finest monuments in the
United States marks the little plot of
ground whert Washington's patriot, sol
dier and hero lies buried, but it is on the
other side of the continent in a Rhode
Island town that had. no Interest In him
save admiration for his deeds of valor.
Here, on the ground that has flrst claim
upon him, the ground that he wrested
from savage hordes and made tenable for
the pioneers the now State of Washing
tonthere is nothing to show that he, ever
lived. A great state, whose civil govern
ment he planned and put in motion, a
land for which ho fought not only alqne
on the battlefield but in the halls of Con
gress, defending her boundaries against a
foreign power and securing for her her
flrst recognition by the Federal Govern
ment; a state for which he Anally died
miserably beside a rail fence In Virginia,
has forgotten him save in naming "for
him a county and a few mean streets in
the clUes.
Yet the state may not be reproached ex
cept for its neglect, and for this there Is
to be pleaded in mitigation the fact that
in the rush and hurry of building a new
state upon the foundations laid down by
Governor Stevens, no' one thought of mon
uments. There has been no intentional
neglect: simply the people have been so
intent upon building high things with
elevators and rooms to let that they for
got the man who made it possible. But
now that the Ice has been broken In the
building of the Rogers monument it is
hoped that Isaac Stevens will be no long
er neglected in Washington.
Indeed, there are those who are now
thinking on the subject. Lieutenant-Gov
ernor Coon, a comrade in arms with Gen
eral Stevens, full always of limitless and
undying admiration of the man, the sol
dier and the patriot Stevens, Is hoping
for some mark of the passing of his hero.
In yesterday's Tacoma Ledger we find
this, sent from Olympia by that paper's
correspondent:
The Lieutenant-Governor wa3 always a great
admirer of the late Governor Isaac I. Stevens.
They fought In the same battle, and in the
battle of Chantllly, in which Governor Stevens
lost his life, ilr. Coon stood not a mile from
the spot where Stevens fell. I hope that some
day the State of Washington will be In a po
sition to appropriate money for the erection
of a monument, a fitting- monument, to that
great ana good man. I .viae Ingalls Stevens.
Said Mr. Coon to the Ledger recently: "Gov
ernor Stevens, to my mind, was the greatest
matt ever Identified with the state, then terri
tory, of Washington, and as the yesrs come
and go. the people of thla state will, more
fully realize his great services to this country
as statesman, soldier and scholar. The thought
has often occurred to me that the state might
do honor to the great territorial Governor by
erecting a suitable monument, and that a slm
liar honor might be accorded tho name aud
deeds of Governor Elisha. Ferry."
The Olympian is much mistaken in tho
people of Washington if their immediate
and hearty approval would not follow an
appropriation to build a monument to
their soldier hero.
The Last Trek.
(Verses on the burial of Paul Kruger. Writ
ten by F. Edmund Garrett, late editor of the
Cape Times.)
Who comes, a sob of slow-breathed guna borne
past
In rolenin pageant? This Is he that threw
Challenge to England. From the veldt he drew
A strength that bade her sea-etrength pause,
aghast.
Before the bastions vast
And Infinite redoubts of the Karoo.
"Pass, friend!" who living were so stout a foe.
tfnquelled. unwon. Not uncommlserate
The British wntry at Van RIebeck's gate
Salutes you, and as onco three years aso
The crowd moves hunhed and slow.
And silence holds the city desolate.
The last long trek begins. Now something
thrills
Our English hearts, that, unconfessed and
dim.
Drew Dutch hearts north, that April day,
with him
Whose grave is hewn In the eternal hiila.
The war of these two will
Was as the warring of the Anakim.
What might have been, had these two been
at one?
Or had the wise old peasant, wljr yet,
Taught strength to mate with freedom and
beget
The true republic, nor. till sands had run.
Gripped cIoe as Bible and gun
The keys of power, like some fond amulet.
He called to God for storm; and on his head
Alas! not his alone the thunders fell.
But not by his own text, who ill could spell.
Nor In our shallow scales shall he be weighed.
Whose dust. lapped round with lead.
To shrill debate lies Inaccessible.
Bred up to beard the lion, youth and man
He towered the great chief of a little folk.
Till, once, the scarred old hunter missed his
stroke
And by the blue 2Iedlterranean
Pined for some brackish pan."
Far eouth. self-exiled, till the tired heart
broke.
Bear home your dead, sad burghers; nor recoil
From English wreaths; for our posterity
Shall praise his. stubborn worth, co-heirs made
free
Of Africa, like yours, by blood and toll.
And proud that British soil.
Which bore, received him. back In obiequy.
OUT OF THE GINGER JAR.
Farmer Well, George. I ven't seen yuu on
that bicycle as you bought lately. George No.
farmer. He beant no good to I. He can't
find his way ome. and he won't carry cider.
Punch.
Edith Why. Reginald, where is your over
coat? Reginald Er I had a bet with a rela
tive on the election and he has the coat.
Edith Oh, your uncle, I suppose. Philadelphia
Bulletin.
Gayboy Tou shouldn't complain, my dear.
Before we were married I told you how bad I
was. Mrs. Gayboy Yes, but you didn't tU me
how much worse you were going to be after
ward. Chicago Daily News;
"What's the matter?" inquired Ascum.
"What am you searching your pocket torV
"X tied a knot In my handkerchief this morn
ing," raid the absent-minded man. "to remind
me of something I was to get for my wife.
And now I can't find the handkerchief.'
Philadelphia. Press.
"Does your annual ralary never disturb
yoaT asked the conscientious citizen. "Do
you Xeel that you are giving the voters- any
thing for your money?" "I confer." aid
Senator Sorghum, "that I never thought about
it In that light. I have been Interested In
seeing whether the- voters could be persuaded
to give me anything "-for my mcaV' Wash
ington Star.