The Sunday Oregonian., May 08, 1904, Page 4, Image 4

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THE SUNDAY OREGONIAff, PORTLAND, MAY 8, 1904T
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PORTLAND, SUNDAY, MAY 8, 1904,
IT IS LONG HISTORY.
It is a singular spectacle to the mod
ern world to behold the religious devo
tion of the masses of the Russian peo
ple, used -with effect by the rulers in
stimulation of the war spirit against
Japan. And yet among these same rul
ers, the nobles and the so-called upper
classes of Russia, skepticism and In
fidelity are very prevalent; nowhere
more so. Russian peasants are very
devout, especially those who belong to
the dissenting sects, of whom there are
large numbers. Among others, of the
orthodox creed, religion is rather a me
chanical ritualism, yet it holds them
under bonds as severe as the most In
tense fanaticism. But since the days of
Peter the Great the spirit of doubt and
skepticism, characteristic of the 18th
century, has pervaded the nobility and
governing classes. Recent observers
say that among them atheism is as
general a doctrine as Christianity,
while infidelity has supplanted faith;
yet the common faith is used by the
rulers as a means of controlling the
masses, for the latter have not risen
to the 'stage of mental development and
independent spiritual culture which
elsewhere long since rendered this Im
possible. Elsewhere in the Christian world
there is nothing that corresponds to the
complete ascendancy of the national
religion over the political and social
thought of these masses; for Christian
ity in Russia is not merely a creed or a
religion, it is a"bove all a national In
stitution, the first, the most venerable,
the most popular. For though skepti
cism is widely prevalent, and often as
serts itself in the national literature,
the Church is seldom or never as
sailedunless In recent times by an
archists here and there, who, as far as
they dare, denounce the use of It as an
instrument of a general despotism.
Thus, the Church that has this sway
in Russia is an anomaly in the modern
world. It has come down through a
period of more than one thousand years,
under conditions that have Isolated it
from the movements of modern life.
Of course, it finds its strength in the
nature of the people, and is suited to
their general condition and stage of de
velopment. A religion or church can
not be progressive unless the people
among whom It exists are so. Hence
the conservatism of the Church in Rus
sia, and Its use by the rulers as an in
strument of the state, arc facts corre
sponding with the general condition
and slow progress of the mind of the
country, and have their part in main
tenance of the common despotism.
In his historical review of the causes
of the separation of the Greek and Latin
churches. Dr. Philip Schaff remarks
that "no two churches in the world
are so much alike, and yet so averse
to each other." The Pope and the Czar
are the two most powerful rivals in
Christendom. The immediate causes of
the great schism between the Oriental
or Greek, and the Occidental or Roman,
churches, which culminated in A. D.'
1054, were ecclesiastical in their nature
and were inflamed by disputes over
abstract theological ideas; but political
events had material and even profound
influence in preparing the way for sep
aration. The foundation of Constanti
nople, the dismemberment of the em
pire, and the complete separation, in a
political sense, of the East from the
West, exalted the pride of the patriarch
of Constantinople and raised his see to
pretensions to an equality with that of
Rome, and he as indignantly resented
the Pope's claims to supremacy as they
wero vehemently asserted. The "East
ern Church made its boast of direct
affiliation with apostolic times; it re
joiced in its careful preservation of tra
ditions; the first heads of the Church
were Greek, the name of Pope was
Greek, and the Eastern Church easily
convinced itself of its especial right to
be considered the true heir and suc
cessor of the Founder of Christianity.
The literature of this subject, theologi
cal and political, is immense, exceeding
in bulk that of any other subject in the
history of letters.
Tha East had been, indeed, the home
and fountain head of literary activity;
the cultivation of letters was there car
ried to a far greater extent and held in
higher estimation than in the West; the
Greok mind was fond of argument and
skilled In scholastic disquisition and
controversy; was nice in definitions and
distinctions. Down to the sixth or sev
enth century the Greek Church took
the lead in theology and the Latin
learned gratefully from her. AH the
great councils were held on the soil of
the Byzantine Empire, in or near Con
stantinople, and carried on in the Greek
language. Upon such facts the grow
ing claims of the church at Rome were
withstood and resisted, and the first
main cause of the separation was the
ensuing politico-ecclesiastical rivalry of
the patriarch of Constantinople backed
by the Byzantine Empire, which had
taken the Eastern Church under its
protection and control, and the Bipiop
of Rome in connection with the new
German or Holy Roman Empire. But
the Roman Church inherited the greater
and more fruitful field in the new and
vigorous nations' of the South and West
of Europe; the Latin daughter outgrew
the Greek mother and, numerically, is
twice or thrice as strong, without
counting the Protestant secession.
It is not probable, indeed it seems im
possible, that the Eastern and Western
churches of Christendom should ever
be reunited. A great writer on ecclesi
astical history, dealing with this topic,
has said: "Where the two churches
meet in closest proximity, over the tra
ditional spots of the birth and tomb of
the Christ whom both accept as their
founder," at Bethlehem and Jerusalem,
they hate each most bitterly, and their
respective devotees have to be kept
from violent collision by Mohammedan
soldiers."
OLD THEORIES IN JEOPARDY.
.The military glory that is crowning
the arms and seamanship of Japan is
not more startling than her successive
demonstrations in the art of self-government.
Of these brilliant ventures
into the methods of Western civiliza
tion, the latest is the promulgation of
the entire code adopted by The Hague
tribunal. How slowly Europe and the
United States advanced to those many
ameliorations of war's misery and hor
rors, how reluctantly they were agreed
to by some nations, and by the United
States itself only in part, is still fresh
in memory. But in an hour, so to speak,
Japan took up that elaborate product of
a thousand years of military develop
ment, and in the realization that it rep
resented the best that modern thought
could agree upon, wiped off the slate
of medlaevalism and at a single stroke
put into force the result of centuries of
evolution. It was as if a modern print
ing press had been produced in a day
by some genius of the stone age.
We have been taught that all the
properties, privileges and duties of self
government are the slow and painful
growth of many generations, not else
where to be attained; but along comes
the phenomenon of new Japan and calls
in question all our theories. Heredity
and environment in Japan are Oriental.
There are certain limitations which ex
perience has set to the capacity of the
Asiatic and all the brown and yellow
races. These things they can do, we
have said, andf these things they can
not do. However fair the surface ap
pearance of their achievement may be,
It need not seriously disturb the seren
ity of the Western mind. No imitator
can surpass the originator. Let us ad
mit that the"lmltat!on of military skill
and spirit in Corea and Manchuria is
sufficiently genuine for all practical
J purposes. Tell It not in St. Petersburg
mat tne brain of the Mongol is un
equal to that of the Caucasian or that
what hasj been going on around Port
Arthur the past ten days is only the
counterfeit presentment of real war.
Instructive as the Japanese spectacle
is from a political or historical point of
view, the transcendent Interest of all
such studies pertains to its bearing
upon the greatest of all "problems the
origin of life and the destiny of man.
What life is we can only seek as yet to
derive from how life works; and it is
with the human species that Investiga
tion yields the most directly useful and
indirectly among the most valuable re
sults. Present readings of evolutionary
development differ most radically and
widely upon the problems of heredity
and environment. Whether we take the
humblest living organism or the high
est society, the issue which divides biol
ogists Is whether heredity is practically
all or environment is practically all.
At one extreme there are those who
hold that the whole capability of a spe
cies Is contained in its original heritage;
at the other are those who think they
see the Inheritance of the individual
profoundly modified from generation to
generation by the history of parent,
transmitted to offspring.
It is needless to say that the doctrine
of the almost limitless power of en
vironment to work changes in the indi
vidual within its lifetime is of recent
growth. Hard and fast conceptions of
heredity have long prevailed unchal
lenged; but experiments In botany, pis
ciculture, and all the way up to the
education of foundling orphans, have
demonstrated the most startling possi
bilities In favorable surroundings to
bring out latent qualities and suppress
supposedly inevitable tendencies. Within
its own lifetime a humble wild plant
may be brought from seed to brilliant
exhibitions, and domesticity may be
imposed upon a ferocious animal, and
the child of the slums, taken in Infancy,
may be brought up to high character
and distinction. It is therefore held by
theNeo-Darwinians that the difference
between the Indian medicine man and
the composer Beethoven Is simply that
one has been surrounded from Infancy
with the highest and the other with the
lowest musical influences.
Bringing these antagonistic theories
to the wonderful rise of the Japanese,
we are met with the Incontrovertible
fact that one generation of these re
markable brown men has lifted Itself
from the depths of Asia to the heights
of Europe and America. Self-government
with them has not been a growth,
but a made-to-order contrivance arti
ficially imposed from without upon a
national life whose Inheritance Is mon
archy, feudalism, rigid caste and fatal
ism. American manufactures, German
military organization, and to some .ex
tent even an aTien religion have been
put upon the Japanese people and car
ried by them as easily as if they had
had the training of a thousand years
of representative government and
Christian ideals. It is evident that much
we have been taught to believe of
heredity, in the light of this evidence,
falls to the ground. Asiatics can do
what we have thought no Asiatics could
ever do; and the line of demarcation
between brown and white loses much of
its distinctness
But because the Japanese have shown
so wonderful a capacity of a race to
rise to dizzy heights of achievement
within the lifetime of a generation. It
does not necessarily fojlow that this
capacity Is proved for any other Asiatic
people or other colored race. When all
has been said of the capabilities of up
lift discovered by the application of
Western Ideals and methods to Japan,
we still come to an irreducible residue
of acumen, fertility and fiber in the
Japanese nature which has attested its
quality In the response it has made to
outside influence.
It is not too much, accordingly, to
say that China, India and Egypt have
been brought in contact with high
European civilization for generations
of years as closely as has Japan; yet
there is In none of these peoples the
result that so electrifies the observer of
Japanese progress. We come back to
the conviction that breed is more than
pasture; and find our explanation in
the fortunate blend of ancestry behind
the ruling classes of Japan, the favor
able situation of her island home, so
conducive, like Great Britain, to alert
ness and self-reliance, and perhaps
more than anything else to the unique
chivalrlc code which has formed the
Japanese mind through hundreds of
years for the acceptance of the best in
Western civilization, and has fortified
the Japanese nature for the supreme
test of national greatness It Is now
bearing with such resplendent glory.
Japan would seem to be not a miracle
flower, springing full-organed from the
magician's hand, but rather the century-plant,
bursting into bloom In due
and orderly seasons when the years of
its preparation have been fulfilled.
FROM OREGON TO OXFORD.
It Is to be regretted that no more than
one Oregon student Mr. Densmore, of
the University of Oregon felt suffi
ciently attracted by the Cecil Rhodes
bequest to take the requisite examina
tion for an Oxford scholarship. Where
else than on this farthest- shnr of
the Republic's continental domain
should our scholastic life welcome the
opportunity to form direct connection
with Jhat old and perennial fountaln'of
truth and learning? There is no source
of knowledge so fruitful for youth as
the lessons and the counsel of age, and
Oxford has stood so long in the stream
of time that its origin is lost In the
mists of legend. An academy there Is
described as ancient by Pope Martin H
in 802, and "the schools" are known to
have been one of the many noble under
takings of the great and good Alfred,
whose millenary was gratefully ob
served by all the English-speaking
world some three years ago. It Is cer
tain that tne university proper was In
corporated by "mighty Elizabeth" in
1570, and that, in the words of a Rhodes
trustee, "for the last three centuries Ox
ford has been turning out with the reg
ularity of clockwork the literary states
men of Europe."
Partly due to the fact that superior
men drift somewhat naturally to the
great university, but also to the train
ing there bestowed, Oxford has con
tributed a most Important part to he
history of Great Britain. Of the nine
teen Prime Ministers since 1806, nearly
half, or nine in all, belong to Oxford
Lord Grenvllle, the Duke of Portland,
the Earl of Liverpool, George Canning,
Sir Robert Peel, the Earl of Derby,
William E. Gladstone, the Marquis of
Salisbury and the Earl of Rosebery. Of
the others Cambridge may claim six
Spencer Perceval, Viscount Goderich,
Earl Grey, Lord Melbourne, the Earl of
Aberdeen and the present Premier, Mr.
Balfour. Of the remaining four Pre
miers, who were neither Oxford nor
Cambridge men, Lord John Russell and
Lord Palmerston were of the University
of Edinburgh, while the Duke of Wel
lington and Benjamin Disraeli achieved
distinction without the aid of a univer
sity education, as also did the eminent
Bright and Cobden.
The significance of Oxford training
for American youth and Oxford influ
ence on American life lies, as well as
In its venerable traditions, in its con
servatismthat Apeculiar vein of rever
ence for tradition" which Disraeli noted
in Cobden and which is readily discerni
ble not only In him, 'but also in almost
all English statesmen. Oxford Is the
home of tradition, the meeting point
between the Middle Ages and the mod
ern world. From time Immemorial, also,
Oxford has been the favored seat of
learning for the aristocracy, nnd nat
urally has been in turn a mother of
Tory, Conservative and Unionist states
men, while the opposite tendencies of
Whigism, Radicalism and Liberalism
have naturally, as a rule, proceeded
from Cambridge. How thoroughly Ox
ford has retained its ancient heritage
of scholastic calm and high spiritual
serenity has often been told, but never
more eloquently than In the words of
one of her own greatest sons, Matthew
Arnold:
Beautiful cltyl So lovely, so unravaged by
the fierce Intellectual life of our century, so
serene! And yet. steeped In sentiment aa she
lies, spreading her gardens to the moonlight,
-or whispering from her towers the last en
chantments of the Middle Age, who will deny
that Oxford, by her ineffable charm, keeps ever
calling us near to the true goal of all of us,
to the Ideal, to perfection to beauty, in a.
word, which is only truth eeen from another
EldeT .
What reader of these lines can be so
careless as not to discern in the qual
ity and charm of Oxford a force and an
influence supremely calculated to im
press for good such representatives of
our hurried and distracting Western life
as find abldlng-place within Its walls?
Calling us to the ideal, to perfection, to
heauty, to truth! surely never was a
call to the holler and deeper things of
life addressed to a more needy object
than the land where speed seems some
times to be the only desideratum and
money the only good! Deprecate and
minimize as best we may the rush and
avarice the American sees in the suc
cessful men all about him, there Is yet
an undeniable absence here of anything
that might take the place of reverence
for the old and deference to traditions
ripened and approved by time. In a
country without an established church
and its momentum of spirituality; with
out a court and its Inheritance of state
liness, grace and decorum; without
those venerable piles and atmosphere
of classic thought and artistic reverence
that impress the most thoughtless
stroller along the Isis or the Cam, what
should be a more fitting complement to
an Oregon boyhood than an Oxford de
gree? We hope that Mr. Densmore will go
to Oxford; that he will be followed, as
time goes on, by many other ambitious
ones from Forest Grove and Albany,
Salem and Corvallls, as well as from
Eugene, and that they wjll here return
for life's active years, bringing with
them some portion of the Oxford spirit
and the Oxford charm, to temper the
pride of the New World with some rev
erence for the Old, to soften our In
dustrial and commercial strife with
some hallowing and restraining influ
ence of the Past. The perfect man is
not only firm as Oregon's mountain
peaks of eternal snow and unswerving
as her stately rivers and sturdy as her
giant trees, but in his hours of serious
thought subdued to such solemnity as
sleeps round Oxford's walls and amen
able to grace and beauty like that
which broods o'er Oxford's meadows
and droops in Oxford's vines.
The Naval Board appointed by the
President to find out why the guns of
the Iowa exploded In target practice
inclines to the opinion that smokeless
powder was at fault. That Is to say,
black powder would have given a muz
zle velocity of 2100 foot-seconds,
whereas smokeless powder Increased
the velocity to 2300 foot-seconds, and
the euns. unable to stand, the Increased
velocity, exploded. If this means any-
umig. it is mat. li smoKeieas powaer is
used the Navy will have to get stronger
guns or Instruct the gunners to reduce
the charges. It is well to determine
these matters In time of peace. The
lesson would be altogether too costly
In time of war.
TOO PASSIONATE ItJR A PHILOSOPHER.
Herbert Spencer In his "Autobiogra
phy" has a very interesting reference to
Carlyle, whom he refuses to class as In
any sense a philosopher. Spencer is a
.competent critic, for while he was not
an imaginative man, he possessed the
judicial faculty In a very high degree,
and above all he was a man of absolute
intellectualhonesty; so free from preju
dice that he could appreciate and set
forth his own father's Intellectual limi
tations. Spencer says of Carlyle that
he either could not or would not think
coherently; never set out from premises
and reasoned his way to conclusions,
and habitually dealt In intuitions and
dogmatic assertions. Spencer further
points out that Carlyle always thought
in a passion, and finally he denies that
any man deserves the name of a phil
osopher "whose implied belief was that
the rule of the strong hand, having
during early ages and under certain
social conditions proved beneficial, Is
therefore good for all time, proved by
It how little he had got beyond- that
dogma which children take in along
with their creed, that human nature la
"everywhere the same and will remain
the same forever."
This Is a sound estimate; Carlyle was
not a philosopher, either In temper or
In his methods of literary expression.
He was a monumental egotist and dog
matist, who, through his splendid poetic
imagination was a most eloquent
writer. He was a kind of latter-day
prophet in his style and his wonderful
power of Imagination. It is absolutely
clear that he was a man of great gen
ius. His most memorable book, "The
French Revolution," Is a dramatic poem
in Its wonderful succession of tragic
pictures. Nobody would read it as a
pure history, but as a bit of splendid
painting it has obtained Carlyle a first
place In the list of the greatest writ
ers of his century. He was always a
man of genius in his possession of the
poetic Imagination. Whether he de
serves to be rated as a prophet in any
high sense depends upon the reader's
estimate of his sincerity. If he was
sincere in all his utterances, he must
have been a man of ugly, morose tem
per, and if he was insincere he was a
magnificent charlatan. His "French
Revolution" Is easily his greatest book,
because It was written in his prime, in
1837, and the subject was so great that
it roused his great powers to their
greatest and most sincere display.
Later in .life, when he saw salvation
for the people only where a strong man
ruled by right of the divine reality
speaking through him, he was asked
who was to determine whether the
strong man was the good man, whether
might was right, he exclaimed savagely
that "hell fire would be the judge, as
had already happened in the French
Revolution."
Andrew Lang, who tells this story in
his recent review of the "New Letters
of Thomas Carlyle," holds that Froude's
biography Is really masterly in the suc
cess with which it has preserved for
us the extraordinary personality of
Carlyle, even as Boswell succeeded In
preserving for us the personality of
Johnson. Mr. Lang concedes that It is
quite probable that the bulk of Car
lyle's work will be little" read in the
future, as has happened to Johnson,
but that in the record of "his life he
will continue, like Johnson, to "amuse,
to Instruct and to dominate." This is
true, but only In a limited, superficial
sense do Johnson and Carlyle resemble
each other. Both were boorish men;
both were men of extraordinary gifts
of wit and humor in conversation; both
had known what it was to struggle
hard for recognition; but Johnson's
struggle was by far the most difficult
and most heroic. Carlyle was gifted
with a splendid imagination, and much
of his prose has the eloquence of a
great Hebrew prophet; Johnson could
write good verse after the model of
Pope; he had' great knowledge of the
world, and he had the humanity and
the sound moral sense essential to a
wise philosopher; but Johnson lacked
the grand poetic imagination; and he
never was a writer of such eloquent
poetic prose as Carlyle.
Nevertheless Boswell's Johnson, writ
ten by a man whom Macaulay describes
as little short of a fool, will be read
when Froude's Carlyle will be forgot
ten, and the fault will not be Froude's.
It will be due to the fact that while Car
lyle was a person of greater literary
genius than Johnson In his gift of Im
agination, he will never be so interest
ing a character because Johnson was
really a greater man. Johnson Is su
premely interesting because he is in his
weakness and his strength always so
intensely human. His struggle with
noisome poverty Is bitter, but always
upright; he never writes "pot-boilers"
for opinions that he does not entertain;
his heart Is always kind and temper
just He Is patient and genial with his
old fool pf a wife; he supports, besides,
two or three repulsive pensioners; he
comes to the rescue of the improvident
gambler and rake, Goldsmith; he wins
the friendship and holds the reverence
of so great a man as Edmund Burke
and so amiable and accomplished an
artist as Sir Joshua Reynolds tp the
day of his death. Burke was bitterly
opposed to him in politics, for Johnson
was always a Tory.
Johnson's fatherly kindness to little
Miss Fanny -Burney, the novelist; his
spontaneous benevolence and his unos
tentatious piety, all his days; his
veracity, his loyalty to his friends, all
make him an Intensely humane person
ality, while all we know about Carlyle
reveals him, compared with Johnson, as
a roan of Inhuman temper and worse
than this, as something of an Intellect
ual and moral charlatan, which John
son never was. Does anybody suppose
that a man of Carlyle's temper and
manners would ever have commanded
the friendship and reverence of so phil
osophic and imaginative a mind as
Burke, or so profound a scholar as Gib
bon, or so genial an artist as Reynolds?
The flaw in the diamond of Carlyle is
that he was a man of morose, malicious
temper. He was always a bitter Tory.
He told the "New Ireland" party that
what Ireland needed most was "sub
mersion"; he hated the cause of the
American Union; he hated the cause of
Mazzlnl and "Young Italy"; he believed
in negro slavery. He herolzed Freder
ick the Great, who was a man of great
military genius, but a man of corrupt
private morals; a man who loved to be
malicious in speech and cruel in action
for cruelty's sake, which was never Im
puted to Napoleon by his worst ene
mies. Carlyle was a good deal of a
charlatan. He belched about shams J
and dandles and snobs, and yet he was
a toady who would go to aristocratic
house's to which his. brilliant and ac
complished wife was not Invited. He
wrote an eloquent tribute to his pet
horse, saying that he would never in
case of infirmity kill him, but would
put him In a paddock, but when the
horse began to fall "he rushed him off
to the "knacker's" yard. The difference
between the personality of Johnson and
Carlyle Is not a difference of intellect.
Carlyle had probably more of what the
world calls literary genius, but Johnson
is the greater and most permanent fig
ure, because he was by far the greater,
the manlier, man.
FORTIFIED AGAINST FAILURES.
Oregon compares very favorably with
the Middle Western States in diversity
of agricultural resources, and may
therefore be considered more stable in
her industrial affairs. Leaving out of
consideration products which constitute
less than 1 per cent of the total, Ore
gon's agricultural wealth Is made up as
follows: Hay and grain, 27 per cent;
livestock, 28 per cent; dairy products,
10 per cent; vegetables, 5 per cent; fruit,
3 per cent; miscellaneous, 26 per cent
Compare this with Nebraska, a repre
sentative state of the central part of
the United States: Hay and grain. 49
per cent; livestock, 44 per cent; dairy
products, 2 per cent; miscellaneous, 3
per cent North Dakota, In the same
section, but further north, makes the
following showing: Hay and grain,' 88
per cent; livestock, 8 per cent; dairy
products, 3 per cent; miscellaneous, 2
per cent
In the year of a bumper crop of the
kind produced, the grain states have
little to complain of, but when there is
a slump either in yield or prices there
is nothing to fall back upon. It is dif
ferent in Oregon, for if one crop should
suffer a partial failure there are oth
ers that will be adding to our commer
cial wealth. This will be more notably
true when the completion of many
large Irrigation projects has materially
Increased our cultivated area and has
made the harvest as certain as the ro
tation of the seasons. The dairy and
fruit industries are steadily growing
and will gradually assume a more Im
portant position In the li3t of Oregon
Industries.
But the products mentioned In the
lists given above are only those of ag
riculture. To these should be added
our fisheries, lumbering and mining,
which are unknown to the Middle
Western States, with which comparison
Is made. The nature of their industrial
resources makes the working popula
tion of those states largely migratory.
During the harvest season immense
numbers of men flock into the farming
sections, work for a month or two and
then depart with their earnings. Not
so in Oregon. The diversity pf our re
sources affords employment fo'r laborers
throughout a greater portion of the
year, and harvest workers are drawn
largely from among the permanent res
idents of the state. They earn their
money here and spend it here, support
ing families and building homes. These
conditions make Oregon and her sister
state, Washington, peculiarly free from
Influences that would be Injurious to
states of the Middle West No part of
the country can better endure un
favorable crop seasons or financial pan
ics tnan can the Pacific Northwest
HAZING STILL IN CONTEMPT.
The failure of the House of Repre
sentatives to pass the bill which would
have restored to Annapolis Naval
Academy two cadets dismissed for haz
ing Is good for the academy, for an act
of Congress overruling a sentence of a
naval court would have relieved hazing
from the official odium that now at
taches to it and encouraged its revival
at Annapolis. Hazing is nothing but
cowardice at its best and gross brutal
ity at Its worst
A manly man, who. by his choice of
an honorable profession, Is presumed to
be a gallant gentleman in spirit, will
never by the exercise of might outrage
the primitive personal rights of his fellow-man
except in the execution of offi
cial duty. Hazing is a most repulsive
and disgusting practice, because it Is
utterly cowardly In Its outrage of per
sonal rights by the force of superior
numbers. Even the prizering recognizes
fair play; even on the race course, un
der the rules, there Is fair play. The
gross abuse of hazing Is that it always
utterly outrages the sanctity of a fellow-man's
person by an overpowering
rush of numbers. It Is a very base,
cowardly practice and very vicious
preparation for the quarterdeck or the
Army post, for It Is in the line of cow
ardly brutality.
In one of Kipling's "Short Stories" of
military life an officer In a moment of
impatience insultingly strikes an old
soldier on drill. His superior officer ex
presses his deep regret that he should
have committed so stupid a blunder.
The young officer In the execution of
some duty has the enlisted man he has
insulted detailed to accompany him,
and when a quiet spot Is reached frank
ly apologizes to the enlisted man and
offers him satisfaction In a stand-up
fight That shows a better spirit than
this miserable, cowardly hazing, which
allows a man no fair chance to flght
at all, but simply overpowers him by
numbers and outrages his pergonal
rights.
As often as sentiment comes in con
flict with commercialism It is defeated.
The struggle Is sometimes a persistent
one, but the result is always the same.
This fact was lately illustrated in the
attempt, by arousing popular sentiment
against it, to prevent the building of a
banking-house In the village of 'Worces
ter, N. T., on some lots In an old ceme
tery where the grandparents and great
grandparents of President Garfield
were burled. The town had encroached
upon the old burying ground and the
exact location of the Garfield graves
was not known, but when excavations
began for the buildings upon the quarter
acre wherein the rude forefathers of the
hamlet slept a strong effort was made
to have the site preserved in memory
of the late President Members of the
Garfield family were appealed to, but
they considerately left the decision to
the citizens whose commercial Interests
were involved. Many bones were un
covered by the excavators, but all were
treated as of one common clay, and
sentiment baffled in Its purpose, aban
doned Its semi-patriotic effort This la
well. President Garfield will not does
not lack tributes from loyalty, from
admiration, from sympathy and from
honor. The manner of his death and
the position that he held at the time
would insure this, even though his rec
ord as a soldier and a statesman did not
claim recognition of history. His fam
does not rest upon the ordinary fact
that his ancestors lived, died and were
burled, but upon the personal endeavor
by means of which he rose from a tvwf
lad. dependent upon his own exertions J
una Tne immediate guidance or. nis wia-
owed mother, to the highest position in 1
the gift of the Nation. A worthy citi
zen, he honored his ancestors by
achievements that enrolled the Garfield
name in the list of a Nation's honored
sons.
The clubwomen of Montana and the
chivalrous men of that great state as
welLare proud of the May day edition
of the Anaconda Standard,, which was
Issued bythe Butte Woman's Club. The
members of that club had complete
charge of the Standard on that day and
excepting in the mechanical depart
ment all of the work on the issue of
May 1 was done by women. No apol
ogy for the paper In any of Its depart
ments was necessary, as It was fully
up to the "Standard." It was stated,
however, that many of the editors and
reporters had never had any previous
experience in newspaper work, and a
number of them had never been In a
newspaper office until they undertook
to Issue the May day paper. The Hel
ena Record remarks that while the fact
last stated was evident In the work of
many of the fair contributors, certainly
not one of the women most Interested
had occasion to apologize for the paper
a3 a whole, or for any part of It, adding:
"The clubwomen of Butte issued a real
newspaper, and not a freak. Original,
interesting, clever, their work speaks
for itself In black and white. This Is
merely to say that the clubwomen of
the Copper City are Intelligent and
capable and are able to make common
sense and alertness in observation
stand In stead of experience when they
undertake to do anything outside of the
prescribed realm of woman's sphere, for
which they have not had special prep
aration. The great War Governor of Massa
chusetts, John A. Andrew, after the
Civil War favored reciprocity with Can
ada and Newfoundland. At the an
nual meeting of the New England Ag
ricultural Society after the war, Gov
ernor Andrew said:
"The first thing that New England needs to
do Is to take the lead la. free trade and
unrestrained commerce all over the continent
of America. We want the Canadas and wo
want Mexico as new hunting grounds for the
active enterprise, Ingenuity, and thrift pf our
New England mechanics." And In a letter
to his friend. Francis P. Blair, he eald: "Much
to my surprise, Massachusetts has not favored
in Congress the continuance of reciprocity In
trade between the United States and the Brit
ish provinces. Our men are divided on tho
subject. I am a warm and confident believer
In it."
It seems that Edward Bok, of the
Ladies' Home Journal, In his zeal to tell
women what they ought and what they
ought not to do, has invaded the realm
of the proprietary medicine man, and
as a result the latter will undertake
to show to the satisfaction of a court
and Jury that there are some things
that the publisher does not know, ask
ing incidentally $200,000 for settirlg him
right The case Is one of more than
usual interest, and will be followed at
tentively by some thousands of women
who have been a'ceustomed to take ad
vice on social and domestic matters
from the Journal and medicine from
the doctor.
The Catholic Sentinel, in a long ar
ticle on The Oregonian's remarks upon
the myth or figment of the "Fall of
Man," uses harsh language as if it
were disreputable, or even Infamous,
to bring forward the conclusions of ra
tional and scientific knowledge, ac
cepted by all competent writers and
scholars. Christian, Jewish or Ration
alist. The whole difference is in the
attitude of the mind toward such in
quiries. If one gives himself up wholly
to a devotional faith he will discard and
reject all the principles of critical in
quiry, and, of course, their conclusions.
Kansas, attempting to speak in time,
announces that she wants between 40,
000 and 50.000 men to gather in her har
vests. The obstacle In the way of
securing help during the harvest sea
son Is found In the fact that capable
men, whose labor Is their capital, can
not afford to run after work that prom
ises even good wages for less than a
quarter of the year. The steady job Is
the job that pays, even though it does
not command the emergency wage.
What is the subject at Issue in the
June election In Oregon? President
Roosevelt. The biggest majority Ore
gon can give to the Republican candi
dates is necessary to show the country,
through this first election of the year,
what the strength of the sentiment for
President Roosevelt is. There is now a
united Republican party in this state,
and no reason why any Republican
should not vote the ticket of his party
throughout
The Smoot case has gone over until
the next session of Congress. The fact
that the Mormon vote Is not only the
deciding factor In Utah, but In Idaho,
is suggested as a reason for the delay!
Of course a case of this kind should;
be decided upon Its merits before the
open court of justice, public decency
and common sense. But no one Is so
unsophisticated as to suppose that It Is.
Optimistic Russia! She Is glad that
Port Arthur is at last completely in
vested, since she Is thereby relieved of
the necessity of maintaining a long and
perilous line of communication. On the
same principle, her warships that have
been destroyed are completely out of
danger, and she will have no further
trouble about them.
The leading Indiana Democrats are
reported to be favorable to Mayor Mc
Clellan, of New York City, if Parker
cannot be nominated, because of Bry
an's opposition. It is reported that Mc
Clellan and! Bryan are on the best of
terms because McClellan voted for him
In 1S96 and 1900.
Justice Brewer, of the United States
Supreme Court, in the Sing Tuck case,
laid down the principle that a Chinaman
claiming to be an American citizen Is
entitled to the same legal treatment
that would be accorded to any English
man who made the same claim.
Russians say that Port Arthur can't
be taken; but it is observable that all
the Grand Dukes. Admirals and Field
Marshals got out of the fortress, there
by avoiding the risk of being made
prisoners.
Ten thousand majority for each will
be about the figures for the Republican
candidates for Congress. Full registra
tion and full vote will make it as cer
tain as the movement of the stars.
If anybody In all Oregon hasn't reg
istered for the June and November elec
tionsand some have not It Is well
now to observe and remember that only
the present week remains for it
K0TE AND COMMENT.
Education Almost Completed.
W. park will finish training his he
this
week. Independence Enterprise.
The .Camm shacks -are a sort of Pc
Arthur. v
A carnival by the name of a
should be sweeter. "-..
Unless Kuropatkln has a card or t
up his sleeve he will go down In hlstol
alongside the man who made the bear ri
after him.
Drlnkwater has Joined the Butte team!
vyvruBS item. I
If his name means anything he's wal
uerea on his beat
The Seattle Argus would like to hal
j-iKe street widened, although the nr
row way appears to have entered upon!
new era or popularity in Seattle.
Vassar girls have broken sevomi
ords in such events as the hundred van
which shows that the higher education
growing higher and higher every day.
If one may judge from, some of
uus ol Japanese embroidery and si
merchants, the present war with Russ
was apparently begun to boost the st
oi tnese articles.
Circus ads are bejrlnninc to ar.nssr
the country papers. .Now comes the sel
son when
name of Slave and Sultan Is for
iiu us uau to the clown upon his tlr
ixirone.
The Russian soldiers are aWrt-
Japanese names for tea and tnh.iprn
that they will bo able to ask for thol
necessities when they capture Toklo.
present the Japanese are giving the Rul
slans hades without being asked for
Among the advantages of life In Farr
ington, as set forth by the correspondel
or tne anisboro Independent, is "a smlt
where James Adams will repair yoJ
clock or sharpen your plough." Some
the metropolitan smithies omit the refe
ence to the plough.
MlSS Esther P. HoDDln and tlr Cum,.
Pool wero married yesterday afternoon at tl
xnicK. jrresDytenan Church. Fifth avenue aJ
inirty-seventh street. New York Sun. Mav
Althouh rather early in the season fJ
a plunge, the bride was perfectly rigi
in tauing advantage of leap year to bd
in.
Several Sumpter girls are said to hai
paraded on the streets In the enrh
men. Women, even In the clamour of til
footlights, rarely looks more gracefj
than a camel when she appears In an-l
thing but skirts, so it is hard to see wl
the girls of Sumpter should be anxious
shed their frills.
The Philadelphia Press tells the stnJ
of a young Scottish minister who ma!
rled the daughter of the wealthiest mi
in his congregation. When asked by tl
reporter where they Intended to live, tt
minister repuea, "At the old manseJ
When the paper appeared the next moi
Ing, the groom was horrified to see hi
reply given, "At the old man's."
Fortunately The Oreconian has no rP.-
son for Including in its lists of hotel a
rivals such an announcement as this fro
the New York Sun of May 1, when it a;
peared under the apt caption of "H
Own Press Agent:"
The first Jersey mosaulto of thn season -nd
fOUnd laftt nlcrht ntrrhort nn art Int.. KA.H
in the reporters' room at Police Headquartel
m Jersey vjuy.
Men-of-war in Japan are named wit
more poetic feeling than those of othJ
nations, although such names as "Datvj
of Day," and "Mist of the Moraine
seem somewhat inappropriate as namtj
for Instruments of destruction. Tl
Japanese name for a torpedo, howevel
could not be bettered In any respect
bulrai,' .they call It a word, meanir
water-lightning." A torpedo-boat
a "water-lightning ship." and a mine
gyokelsulrel, which means water-llsh
nlng in the form of a fish.
There is no lack of variety In Los At
geles, If one may judge from the svnonsl
of city news" In the last number of tr
Times received here. The list belns thj
way:
The City. Deadly rivalry breaks nnt hotnr.J
prominent members of the colored 400.. J
.partisans of cock fighters threaten to lync
.uumane officer Carnenter niir -ro.hnrnJ
Conference will open today.... Herman Fuel
ett stabbed by a woman. ...Distinction b.
tween a Socialist and an mi.inwt nmtriM Pr
lice uommisison.... Bench show opens today...
Potatoes cost Charles Parker 3 apiece...
ake neaier Winters to leave city.
In Seattle at present they are telllnsr
a man who fell off the roof of the Mi
tual Life building on Pioneer Sauare.
crowd rushed to the spot where the bodj
struck the pa'vement, and a physlcial
was on the scene almost immediately.
careful examination showed that the mal
was slightly stunned, but otherwise ur
Injured. Papers found in his Docke
showed that he was a business man
Tacoma. "That explains his escane.i
said the physician, "he was too slow tl
rail fast."
All of which goes to show that Seattli
must have Its jest.
The New York Sun digs up this story
Yankee cuteness:
The other night a man In Kennebec Cour
ty went on a spree, and late at night fount
himself In Gardiner, three miles from hll
home and with no way of getting there ej
cept by walking, which he was both unabll
and unwilling to do. He had but 2. and
was the least ror which any stable keene
wouia agree to transport him.
The Inebriate scratched his head and grinnec
He went to the house of a physician and rappel
loudly, saying that there wa3 a serious case ol
the Litchfield road and that the doctor muj
come with him at once. The doctor aald tha
he would charge double fee. or $2 to go threl
miles at that time of night.
This was satisfactory, and away they weni
Arriving at the inebriate's home the da
tor inquired for the patient.
"Tha'sh me." replied the rural sport, wltl
a aeep cnuciue, nanaing out the $2.
He declared that he had won a bet of $ll
also, some one having wagered him that mucl
tha. he couldn't get home for less than $4.
The Seattle Argus. pins tHls story o
Sam Piles, the King County man or on I
of the King County men who would bl
Senator:
Some years ago Plies was going east ani
got on pretty good terms with the Pullmal
porter. The porter was Inclined to chin
little and Piles encouraged him. The portel
nnauy saia:
"Ah kin putty near tell wot kind of a fell
lah a man ta jest by lookln at him. Tha
man ovah In de cornah Is a drummah, suatJ
as spenas ma money ana talks flip-like. Ar
that man ovah dar is a preacher, fer certain
And dat fellah"
"How do you know, he Is a preacher?" del
manded Piles.
"Ah Jes knows It; Ah'U go ask him If yol
wantaj
"Never mind. I'll take your word for It,"
said Plies. "What do you think I am?"
Th porter looked at Piles critically for
minut and then eald solemnly:
"Well, you has plenty ob dough, but
ain't dead suah whether you are a pollticlad
or a gamDianj"
- J7EXFORD JONES.