The Sunday Oregonian., May 01, 1904, Page 4, Image 4

x
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PORTLAND, SUNDAY, MAY 1, 1904.
E '
JUSTIFIED BY ITS lltUXTS.
The unique achievement of Japan In
successful inculcation of both manly
and womanly virtues without recourse
to religious conviction has attracted
considerable attention in Western
minds. But the disturbance Involved
to Western thought by this unfamiliar
exhibit in moral culture may be paral
leled by the inevitable Inquiry into
Japanese methods of education. The
success of Japan In military, naval and
even governmental lines Is now so far
assured as to be sure of a profound im
pression upon Caucasian thought; and
the noteworthy thing about it is that
all these results have been achieved
upon a foundation as different as pos
sible from that which our Anglo-Saxon
civilization has held necessary.
Seriousness has been our motive
oower. In education as in religion. That
is, the same solemnity which has in
duced man to regard himself as a part
ner in Deity's undertakings has also
stood over hlfn at his pursuit of learn
ing. Frivolity Is the mother of all our
crimes and Bohemianism Is only a
euphemism for purposeless existence.
The whole world of art, whether musi
cal, plastic, mimetic or pictorial, has
had to make Its way against the hard
est kind of obstacles, and even today.
Its devotees are stamped, in industry
as well as society, with an Interroga
tion point that possibly exerts a modi
cum of deleterious Influence upon them
selves. To serve God in circumspection
and prayer and to be diligent. in busi
ness are the guiding principles of our
dominant Western life.
But the marvelous efficiency of
Japan's people in work and war has
been reached without either of these
impulses. Labor and education have
been dominated, on the contrary, by the
somewhat fantastic ideas of a feudal
chivalry and by the artistic sense. To
day we see this most interesting of Ori
ental nations at war, and In the stress
of trial It develops all those qualities of
skill and hardihood which we have been
taught to expect from the Northern
races of Europe and from the Ameri
cans. The soldiers and seamen at
whose brilliant and sustained powers
the world today stands dumfounded
with delight were produced by an edu
cation as picturesque in artistic aban
don as It is destitute of ecclesiastical
origin and propulsive power. These are
things to make us scratch our heads
and wonder which way is north.
Every Japanese is a poet and an
artist. His thoughts are busy with ro
mance and speculative philosophy, his
hands are at work carving cherry
stones or ivory and painting ornaments
with all the coiors of the rainbow. The
very handwriting of the schools Is a
training in expert penmanship. On the
surface It is easily credible that the
manual part of the military profession
will come naturally to a people accus
tomed from their youth up to intricate
workmanship, perhaps more so than to
those whose movements have become
stiff and mechanical through universal
use of machinery; and Germany should
have served to teach us that a nation of
philosophers Is to be despised neither in
war nor in manufactures. We come to
the conclusion that -the hand well
trained Is fit for handiwork to which It
may not have been accustomed, and
that the mind well exercised is accou
tred for the problems of war as well as
for those of literature and art. The
main thing after all is the will power
to command and the mobility of brain
and muscles to obey.
Deeper than this superficial lesson Is
the bearing of Japanese success upon
our educational self-conceit. There is
more than a hint here that the in
tensely "practical" tendency of Amer
ican schools and even universities can
not maintain the plea of necessity; for
the studies upon which these conquer
ors of the Japan Sea were nourished
are not those of technical schools, but
closely allied to the old liberal and clas
sical training which reared the great
minds of British and American civiliza
tion in the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries. They are no more related to
forced marches and gun practice and
bravado in battle than are the songs of
Horace or the strains of Homer. Build
un the mind on the thoughts of the
givat and good of all ages, and on the
dreams of poet and vhllosopher. and it
will ring true in the hour of national
danger and stand fast in the day of
battle.
Perhaps more important still Is the
lesson which may have been already
learned from the pages of Aristotle and
Lecky, that the mind of man, cast In
different molds and surrounded by
varying environment In different lands,
reaches the goal of virtue and of great
ness by ways that are not necessarily
had because unlike. East and West
must learn as they jostle together that
the moral qualities valued In qne civili
zation may be lightly regarded in an
other civilization, and yet both civiliza
tions be worthy and true, not to be de
spised merely because different, In the
supreme test of the soul we may find
reason to admire those we have most
despised. And If we do not meet In the
men of Japan the qualities of commer
cial energy and veracity we are used
to praise, we may learn from them
fidelity to home, to parents and to
country, the charm of the artistic mood
and a deftness In the trade of war
jjvhich will not be ignored In .the des
tiny or the human race. One might
almost venture to question the safety
of the alacrity with which Japan has
tens to throw away her ancient and ap
proved methods for the institutions
that long years have adapted gradually
to the "Western mind. That her educa
tional and moral regime stands In
pressing need of violent changes is
hardly the natural deduction from the
history of the past three months.
SUBTLETIES OF PRONUNCIATION.
There is only one explanation for the
trial imposed upon Portland audiences
the past week by the Imperfect enun
ciation of Mrs. Fiske, particularly in
the purely narrative and meditative
lines of "Hedda Gabler." It is that In
adopting the English pronunciation
Mrs. Fiske has sacrificed clearness to
beauty. There was no trouble to un
derstand her as Minnie Maddern in the
honest American tones and consonants
she was born with some thirty-nine
years ago at New Orleans.
With Mrs. Fiske's judgment on pro
nunciations no discerning person will
quarrel; for the finest standard Is that
of the cultivated Englishman or Irish
manbetter still, that of the cultivated
English woman, which has made, by
virtue of intonation as well as pronun
ciation, the English governess the un
approachable model of her calling, and
which is supremely exemplified in the
faultlessly beautiful speech of Henry
Irving, Ellen Terry and Mrs. Campbell.
But while Mrs. Fiske has conceived the
thing correctly enough, either her vbcal
facility or her aural discrimination, and
yet perhaps an inability to take the
necessary pains, has stopped her short
of success.
This is not creditable, for nothing so
stamps the actor with the finishing
adaptability to his art as this infinite
capacity of the vocal organs for the
most exacting and intricate demands
of enunciation. Labial, palatal and
vocal mobility lies at tl.t bottom of
rudimentary interpretation of charac
ter, up through emotional stress and
peculiarities of djalect to the finer
shades of tone in' vowels and provincial
usages with consonants. Many a
clever actor of the second or third class
can converse as readily In London
drawing-room or South Carolina or
Boston form of English as in th care
less method of Western speech In which
he is glad at times to unbend as a man
among men. It is a further exemplifi
cation of this general obligation of ver
satility that Sir Henry Irving himself
adduces when he reminds us that "you
cannot stereotype the expression of
emotion," for "the speaker who Is
sounding the gamut of human feeling
will not be restricted in his pronuncia
tion by the dictionary rule."
If we leave out of account entirely
the matter of Intonation, which is ob
viously too elusive for the dictionary,
the principal elements Involved In the
transformation Mrs. Fiske has attempt
ed are the soft -or dentar"r," the Eng
lish and Irish "e" In such words as
"fern" and "sir," the Italian or Inter
mediate "a," which Is almost universal
on the American stage, and the slight
"y" sound In such words as "girl" and
"guide," Perhaps we should add the
peculiar vowel sound used by English
actors In "year" a sound unlawful In
the United States, when long "e" Is re
quired; a differential for "song,"
"long," etc., between "o" as In "odd"
and "a" as In "fall," and a pardonable
exaggeration of the "yeu" In "youth,"
"muse," etc. All these are Indispensa
ble to the choicest English, and most of
them are common in the speech of cul
tivated Americans. "Multltood" and
"assoom" are as Indefensible today as
"woosh" for wish, or "prewens" for
prunes, or "pome" for poem.
Of all the variants in consonantal
enunciation, none Is so Interesting or
profitable for study as the "r." Back
of the Influences of birth and early as
sociation stands the profound cause
of climate. The hard Northern "r,"
which the Washington reporters were
quick to notice in the speech of Presi
dent Smith, of the Mormon Church, is
only one of the many harsh forms
which freezing Winters have differenti
ated from the softer open sounds of
the milder South. At two extremes
stand the guttural Teuton or Cossack,
and on the other hand the mellifluous
Spanish or Italian or our own Southern
darky. Dictionaries have long pointed
out the perils of the Boston "r," espe
cially the confusion It precipitates be
tween "lore" and "law," to say nothing
of the resultant monstrosities of
"ldear," "Minervar," etc. Yet it pre
vails notably In polite society, and is
all but universal on the stage. How
early habit lingers, In spite of pressure,
however, is evident from the palatal
"r," still defiantly obtrusive in the
speech of C. B. Hanfojrd, Charles D.
Herman, poor Barry Johnstone, and, If
we mistake not, in that of Rose Cogh
lan and Norman Hackett. There can
be but one opinion on this subject, and
that is that these offenders should
thrust the tongue forward almost to
the teeth and leave their Western "r"
at the stage door.
Well, how Is our pronunciation going?
Will the honest twang of the soil pre
vail over the traditions of the drawing-rooms?
There is reason, indeed,
to think that it will; for the world is re
populated, not in Cambridge, or along
Fifth avenue or among the F. F. V.s,
but in the ruder homes of the country
and of rural towns, and largely by the
foreign-born, In whom. If memory
serves, the- pronunciation coveted by
Mrs. Fiske is very rare, possibly con
fined to the capitals of Germany and
Austria. It is not uncommon. Indeed,
to hear persons of New England birth
painfully striving to lose the Eastern
for the Western "r," and employing a
distressingly flat "a" where they have
been used to broadness. At this, again,
the judicious can only grieve; for the
nicety of cultivated speech Is one of the
few honorable traditions of these plebe
ian days that are left to make life
worth living.
The will of the late A. R. Burbank,
of La Fayette, shows the charitable in
tent of a kind and generous man, but
Its provisions are difficult to carry out,
for the reason that he named therein
as beneficiaries institutions that do not
exist in accordance with his specifica
tions. Mr. Burbank left no children,
his only daughter having been drowned
in the surf at Long Beach many years
ago, His widow, who is also executrix
of his will, tenderly reveres his memory
and "desires to carry out as fully -as
passible his wishes as expressed in-this
instrument. She has turned over the
property devised by her husband as di
rected, and the proceeds' will be allowed
to accumulate until, in the fullness of
time, an Institution is established that
will be entitled to receive the bequest.
A remarkable feature in connection
with a will that contains a flaw where
by it might be broken and set aside is
found In this instance, in the simple,
earnest desire of the widow and chief
beneficiary to relinquish without ques
tion the property designated in accord
ance with her husband's well-defined
wishes. The case stands gut strong and
clear in the reflected light of a woman's
conscience and a wlfe devotion,.,,
HUMAN SIDE OF MEN OF GENIUS.
At -the recent celebration by Bowdoin
College of the' centennial of Haw
thorne's birth Professor Copeland, of
Harvard, delivered a lecture which told
something of ,the author of "The Scar
let Letter" that helps to Increase our
knowledge of his shy but vigorous and
attractive personality, and some
things which he did not tell are worth
reciting. In our judgment Hawthorne
must have been a very genial compan
ion whenever he was sure that he was
talking to a genuine man, a man of
simplicity of character, of sanity of
mind, a man who was without any
trace of duplicity, of moral or Intellect
ual quackery. The pleasure he took In
the conversation of rugged deep-water
sailors; in the country tavern talk of
shrewd farmer .folk In the Berkshire
Hills, shows 'that the human side was
well developed; a man of poetic mind,
an Introspective thinker, he had always
been a negligent scholar, but a thirsty
reader of books; he was never a man
of pedantic learning; his culture was
only that which a very superior mind
obtains, not only when lt reads and
absorbs the blood of books, but when
it mixes with unspoiled and untutored
human nature of many sorts.
Hawthorne knew what books he liked
and sought them for himself, and he
knew what kind of folk he cared for
and he sought them whe.n he felt he
had need of them for the stage prop
erties of his books or for his own per
sonal enjoyment. His reputation for
shyness was due probably to the fact
that he had an invincible Indifference
to the society of men or women who
had become oracular In speech or
seemed to him to have any taint of the
charlatan thinker or talker about them.
For this reason his diary reveals the
fact he found Margaret Fuller's pedan
try and her absurd personal apotheosis
of Emerson Intolerable. His brief ref
erences to her are bitter,-but far more
self-restrained in his diary than Low
ell's satirical description of Margaret
Fuller In his "Fable for Critics." It is
clear that -Hawthorne, while he met
Emerson frequently, was not among
his worshipers. Emerson's utterances
were to Hawthorne of no particular
consequence; there was nothing new in
the thought, and it was not always true
to him. Emerson was quick to perceive
that Hawthorne was not among his
devotees, and be did not like over well
this brilliantly handsome athletic Haw
thorne, whose courteous reserve he
could not penetrate. The Indifference
was mutual and not unnatural, for Em
erson's vanity was naturally touched
that Hawthorne, who completely sur
passed Emerson In poetic imagination
and original Intellectual power, had no
particular use for Emerson as a thinker
or teacher, because, man of rare genius
that he was, he could not worship at
a shrine that was so fervently sought
by creatures of the caliber of Margaret
Fuller, because he saw thatjlier homage
was grateful to the Concord sooth
sayer. But Hawthorne was good company
for his fellow employes in the Boston
Custom-House. for at lunch with them
he sat and sipped hot gin and sugar and
smoked his cigar; he was never garru
lous, but he was always welcomed as a
delightful man of charming courtesy
and dignity. Hawthorne was good com
pany for Franklin Pierce from his col
lege days to that last country trip In
May, 1864, when Pierce was the last of
Hawthorne's friends to hear him speak
before he died. His lifelong friendship
for Pierc shows how human Haw
thorne was; how loyal he was to a loyal
lifelong friend. Pierce was a 'gifted
man, a very eloquent, brilliant jury
lawyer, a man of fine literary taste and
of most delightful temper and fascinat
ing manners: He had always loved
Hawthorne from boyhood; always stood
by him in his days of poverty, and
Hawthorne always loved him because
he had found him true. Hawthorne
liked Thoreau, and William E. Chan
ning. In Concord, for the same reason
that they were charming company and
men who did not pose as oracles or
prophets before an admiring assembly
of gibbering disciples or apostles of
either sex.
The human side of Hawthorne, as
separated from the great literary artist,
is seen in his introduction to "The Scar
let Letter," In which he describes his
political environment and the tyranny
of the spoils system as he had found it
in the Federal administration of the
Custom-House in Boston and in Salem.
The man who wrote "Neither the front
nor the back entrance of the Custom
House opens on the road to Paradise"
was a very human sort of a fellow, and
If he had chosen to be untrue to his
genius and devoted himself to political
journalism, he would have been a pow
erful editorial writer. All through this
introduction to "The Scarlet Letter"
there is evidence that Hawthorne was
by nature a man of strong likes and
dislikes; he was what is called "a good
hater" In business or politics. He was a
partisan Democrat; he would have
made a slashing editorial writer If he
had turned his pen to mere potboillng,
for no more scathing picture of the
meanness and folly of the spoils system
has ever been painted than that Includ
ed by Hawthorne In his Introduction to
"The Scarlet Letter." Salem had never
loved this reserved, handsome, athletic
Hawthorne, and after this publication
there were families In Salem that to
this day speak of Hawthorne as vi
ciously as a Cavalier might have
spoken of Cromwell in the court of
Charles II.
Hawthorne was not "popular" In Sa
lem because he was true to himself, but
all high-minded, intelligent men. ,loved
and admired him from the day he
knocked down the rcugh, overbearing
captain who undertook to interfere
with his business as an inspector of
customs in charg'e of his ship. Fighter
under just provocation he always was;
he was a fighter at college and he went
clear to Washington once to fight a duel
if necessary in defense of v. woman's
name. It is not so easy to deride Haw
thorne's position in the Civil War as it
once was. His forebodings and his pre
dictions that it would be found very
difficult to -fuse the two civilizations
after the conflict was over have been
realized. He thought it better on this
account that there should be no attempt
to pin North and South together by
bayonets, and Greeley thought so, too.
Ja the light of the issue or our recon
struction, Hawthorne's prescience does
not look today like disloyalty; he was a
better judge of the human heart, that
Is all, than most men of his time. The
plea; of Emerson and Curtl3 that Haw J
thorne had "a strong feminine element
In' him" Is absurd; for Hawthorne, in
his splendid, athletic, handsome phy
sique and in his masculine thinking,
surpassed them both. A vigorous man
of the world of brains and culture, In
Europe or America, would have heart
ily enjoyed Hawthorne, while he would
have found Emerson cold and Curtis a
.kind of Intellectual and' spiritual her
maphrodite. Hawthorne was emphatically a
"man's man," which neither Emerson
nor Curtis was. Hawthorne, speaking
of Burns and Scottish scenery, said:
"A man is better than a mountain."
That is the voice of no feminine-minded
man; no literary dude of the "lank lily"
type could ever have spoken that brac
ing speech. His physique was so grand
In its beauty of face and figure that in
England his personal appearance ex
cited a rustle of admiration when he
entered a room. And yet it was this
handsome, courtly, shy man that, when
a repulsive-looking Infant stretched out
its arms to him In an English found
ling asylum, stooped and tenderly
kissed the wretched child. A cheap
woman or a feminine man would never
have done it; it took a great, tender,
solemn-hearted man like, Hawthorne to
do this, not because It was a pleasure,
but because It crossed the path, of his
duty. Hawthorne Is our only man of
supreme, original literary genius in the
sense that England speaks of Shakes
peare, Milton, Burns and Byron.
BAD1CAL IN WAR, STATESMAN IN
PEACE.
The long-delayed Life of John A. An
drew, the great war Governor of Mas
sachusetts, by Henry G. Pearson, is a
just portrait of a man who was an un
flinching radical in war, but was the
first, if not the only eminent statesman
of .the North, who became a conserva
tive statesman the moment the war
was over. As early as 1866, in his last
term as Governor, he declared that the
true policy of the Government toward
the South was "to demand no attitude
of humiliation, to inflict no acts of
humlHa,tion." He urged the Republican
party to adopt no policy of reconstruc
tion that was offensive to t,he natural
leaders of the South. He said that the
natural leaders of the South were the
great military captains, like Lee, John
ston, Bragg, Beauregard, Hampton,
Longstreet, and, the greaf civil leaders,
like Stephens, men of personal veracity
and -honor; men who had staked all and
lost all In the fight. These men, wheth
er civil or military leaders, will be
sure to sway the public opinion of the
South; If you ignore these great natural
leaders you will be either lmpxosed upon
or circumvented by low demagogues
of all sorts. Before you lose the oppor
tunity call at once Into council in your
reconstruction policy the really great
leaders of th.e South; all of them have
been slaveholders, who understand the
negro character; all or them have a
humane interest in his fate. Ask these
men their judgment as to the best dis
position of the negro problem, making
no conditions save that the negro's gift
of emancipation shall be fully secured
to him and absolute equality of civil
rights under the lav, leaving the privi
lege of negro -suffrage to be granted or
not, under limitations to be settled ac
cording to the consensus of these' great
natural leaders of the South.
Andrew promptly urged this policy
upon Charles Sumner in 1865, on the
ground that It is both just and politic
to treat the natural leaders of the South
with confidence, because. In any event
they are sure to fix public opinion for
the South. In his valedictory as Gov
ernor, January L 1866, Andrew deplored
the prospect of universal colored suf
frage at the South; he believed the
right to vote for President, Vice-President
and Representatives in Congress
should be granted only to the colored
men In all the states, being citizens and
able to read, who would by the laws of
the states where they reside be com
petent to vote If they were white. If
this view had prevailed, very few col
ored men in the South would have ob
tained the suffrage, a number, at all
events, too small to have proved any
temptation to erect and perpetuate car
petbag governments. These views of
Andrew, pronounced in 1865 and 1866,
cost him a good deal of political popu
larity with his party, but he died In
his fiftieth year, In October, 1867. Had
he lived to be 70 he would have found
his wise political forecast amply justi
fied by events. The wonderful thing Is
that this political prescience should
have been possessed and proclaimed
by Andrew and byAndrew alone of the
great Republican civil leaders of the
Civil War. Andrew, however, had al
ways believed that no man was a
statesman who was incapable of polit
ical compromise. He wrote a friend In
England that Charles Sumner was "not
a statesman because he was willing the
negro should starve unless he fed on
a loaf of Sumner's own baking, while I
will accept a half-loaf for the starving
negro, no matter who baked It."
Andrew was born in Maine, and Maine
has been the birthplace of no nobler
man; it is doubtful whether Maine has
been the birthplace of a statesman who
was the equal of Andrew in his enor
mous public Influence at a critical
period of the history of the Republic.
He was a negligent scholar at Bowdoin,
as was Nathaniel Hawthorne, but an
omnivorous reader; he had the gift of
ready and ardent speech; he had the
heart of a generous, impulsive boy all
his days, but he had the brain of a
well-trained lawyer. He was an anti
slavery Whig until the Republican par
ty was formed; he won distinction as
counsel In the famous cases under the
fugitive slave law of Shadrach, Sims
and Burns, but he never was an aboli
tionist. He spoke eloquently at Chi
cago In 1850 for the nomination of Sew
ard. His magnificent speech in 'the
Massachusetts Legislature in 1858 In
which he fairly "burned up" Caleb
Cushing made him Governor of Mas
sachusetts in I860 by the largest ma
jority ever cast for any man. He was
always far stronger than his party; he
was a man of fine social address; hu
morous, companionable, kind, sympa
thetic, but never sentimental, open
handed. At his funeral there were as
many Democrats as Republicans; as
many Roman Catholics as Protestants,
and almost as many blacks as whites.
If any man can be said to have influ
enced Lincoln's policy, on great occa
sions It was Governor Andrew. He
wrote the address of the war Gover
nors of the loyal statee, after the fa
mous meeting at Altoona, Pa., In Sep
tember, 1862. His counsels persuaded
Lincoln to allow him to raise the first
colored regiment. In January, 1863, the
Fifty-fourth Massachusetts; Andrew
ofllcered it with the best white officers
he could obtain from the veteran regi
ments in the field. Its success estab
lished the value of negro soldiery and
sent 180,000 white troops from bomb
proofs to the firing line. His political
forecast enabled him to see the Civil
War as sure to come, and in January,
1881, he-got ready for It and urged the
Governors of the rest of New England
to get ready. His troops were the first
to reach Washington after Lincoln's
call of April 15, 1S6L
As a war Governor, John A. Andrew
was easily first of Lincoln's official
friends. Under him Massachusetts fur
nished 146,730 men for the Army and
32,000 for the Navy. He was more than
once denounced by Wendell Phillips,
for Andrew was brave enough to col
lect money for John Brown's defense,
although he frankly declared that he
deemed Brown a monomaniac Andrew
was the grandest, most effective war
Governor, because he could give Lin
coln something more than soldiers; he
could give him wise and Inspiring coun
sel, for Andrew had the political fore
sight of a practical statesman as well
as the upright inspiration of the most
ardent evangelist of the altruistic phil
osophy of human life. His remarkable
character was happily described by one
of his eulogists, who at the time of
Andrew's death said: "No man ever
believed In the people more or
truckled to them less. Save Lin
coln Andrew was the greatest civil
character of our Civil war,, for he
was the only civil character who
can be said to have shaped or atleast
accelerated the, war policy of Lincoln,
He was an ardent man, an able man
and a most eloquent man In private
conversation or public debate and
there Is no question but that Governor
Andrew was Lincoln's ablest and most
Influential civic friend. He was a roan
of extraordinary strength of character
and eloquent persuasiveness In person
al Intercourse. He always rang true;
his note was clear and high, Every
body In all parties, of all sects, trusted
and believed In Governor Andrew, In
the warmth of his heart and the
strength of his head. Both parties, all
parties, all religions In Massachusetts
knew that this Unitarian Governor An
drew believed in free religion, in free
speech, in equal rights for all men,
without regard to race, color or pre
vious condition of servitude. They
knew that
His was no lonely mountain-peak of mind,
Thrusting to thin air o'er our cloudy bars,
A sea-mark now, now lost In vapors blind;
Broad prairie .rather, genial, level-lined.
Fruitful and friendly for all human kind,
Yet also nigh to heaven and loved of loftiest
stars.
THE FALL OF MAN.
In all the scholarship of the Chris
tian world and of the Jewish world It Is
now admitted that the accounts In the
Hebrew Scriptures of the creation of
the world, of the origin and fall of
man and of the early life of the people
df Israel, are mythical and legendary.
For bringing out the proofs of these
facts some forty years ago Bishop Co
lenso was deposed by the Convocation
of Canterbury; yet nobody of any
knowledge or name dares now to chal
lenge the general results of his state
ments and reasonings. Scholars of
greatest name, Jewish and Christian,
find In the Ninevite records the un
doubted source of the fall legend, which
was adopted by the Hebrews and by
them transmitted to Christianity.
The general result: of this inquiry Is
the conclusion, now unassailable, that
the old Hebrew Bible, though contain
ing much valuable historical matter,
contains also much that is unhistorical;
that a large portion of it Is the Work
of a comparatively late period in Jew
ish history; that the Mosaic law was
not in force In the early kingdoms, or
before the captivity; that Deuteronomy
could only have been written after the
Jews had settled In Canaan; that the
books of Chronicles were written as an
afterthought, to support the views of
the priestly caste; and that In all the
books there Is much that Is mythical
and legendary, much that has Bprung
from the disposition of this people, as
of every other people of an uncritical
age, to support Ideals attributed to the
earlier times, by later Inventions. To
read Ideals or notions of the present
into the past, and to give them the au
thority of antiquity, is the favorite
method of the writers, compilers and
redacteurs of the books of the Hebrew
Scriptures In the form in which we
now have them. From the same tend
ency the books of the New Testament
are not wholly free.
All this has a profound effect on the
thought of the present world. The evi
dences are conclusive that there has
been no "fall" of man, but that the
tendency of the race has been upward
from low beginnings. The "Fall" Is
merely a theological doctrine. Man Is
indeed low enough still; but his ad
vance from primitive conditions has
been immense. And his advance in
morals has kept pace with his advance
in material well-being.
Since there has been no "fall" of man,
the effect on the theological doctrine of
the redemption is necessarily great.
This need not be dwelt upon. What Is
apparent Is the fact that man still
needs to cultivate the forces that make
for the uplift of his whole nature,
moral and spiritual. But the old the
ology is no longer the sure Instrument
of it.
The order issued by Postmaster-General
Smith July 17, 1901, excluding so-
called serial "libraries" from malls of
the second class was recently upheld
by a decision of the Supreme Court,
Chief Justice Fuller and Justice Har
lan dissenting. Each issue of these "li
braries" was a complete book, and they
had been carried under a liberal Inter
pretation of the postal law at the. rate
for magazines and other periodicals, or
1 cent a pound. The loss to the Gov
ernment Is shown In the statement that
the actual cost of carriage was not less
than 5 cents a pound, and that In the
year preceding the order 200,000,000
pounds of publications of this type bad
been carried in the malls. The postal
department, struggling with a large an
nual deficit and laboring strenuously to
Improve the service without Increasing
the shortage, has repeatedly asked for
legislation that would definitely place
these publications in the class for which
the rate is 8 cents a pound. This being
denied, or the plea Ignored, Mr. Smith
decided to place them there by execu
tive order, and In this stand the depart
ment has been sustained by the Su
preme Court. This order may not be in
conformity, wjth a progressive postal
polcy, but it Is in strict accord with
ordinary business principles and will
be generally commended upon that
basis.
In discussing the record for rapid
firing made by the various battleships
in target practice, in the attempt to
beat which the Missouri recently lost
thirty-two men by an explosion in the
after turret. It has been, brought out
lEat the Alabama has a record of only
thirty-eight seconds between . shots.
The Wisconsin's gunners surpassed this
ty ten. shots in 340 seconds. In such
rapid work the breech must be opened
Immediately after a discharge and an
other charge of powder inserted at
once, while other charges must be near
at hand. In attempting to beat the rec
ord the accident on the Missouri oc
curred. That the spirit of Uncle Sam's
gunners was not daunted by It, how
ever, is shown in the report that two
days later the Texas made a new record
with a 12-inch gun 11 hits out of 12
shot3 In ten minutes. It Is scarcely
necessary to add that her gunners nar
rowly escaped the fate of those who
were killed on the Missouri. This may
be considered reckless gun play with
human lives and costly enginery of war
as forfeits. It might be well, consider
ing the value of the stakes, for the
Navy Department to withdraw the tro
phy offered for rapid firing, or fix a
maximum beyond which it is declared
unsafe to venture.
Burt B. Wamaley, president of the
New England Cotton Manufacturers'
Association, In bis address to that body
at the opening of its annual conven
tion In Boston & few. days ago, urged
the full or fuller development of the re
sources of the Southern cotton belt as
essential to the interests of the United
States as a producer, manufacturer and
exporter .of cotton. Increase of the cot-
tan Area and production he conceived
to ,be one of the most pressing ques
tlons now before the Nation, from an
industrial and commercial standpoint.
The Idea, is worth considering. Im
provement in methods of cotton manu
facture,, Has caused cotton goods to be
more in aemana man ever Deiore. aim
fabrics are being pressed closely, in
softness of finish and beauty of color
ing, by the dainty products of the cot
ton looms. The relative cheapness of
the latter appeal to the thrift of the
consumer and the demand for them Is a
constant stimulus to production. While
this continues there must be an In
creasing demand for the raw material
and to meet this the area of the cotton
fields In the South must "be extended.
.Either this or the United States must
become an importer of cotton.
It Is a question whether a young
woman who has found the Holy Rollers
an attraction, and has associated with
them in filthy quarters, going barefoot,
lying around on the floor1 and living
with them as pigs live in a stye or
sheep In a fold, Is worth "rescuing and
forcing into decent ways and surround
ings. It might be well enough to con
sign her to the silly ward of the Insane
asylum, out of sheer pity, but It must
be admitted that the material for the
making of a reputable, modest woman
In her case has been sadly warped.
However, the relatives of a young
woman thus tainted by contact with
Creffleld and bis followers are to be
commended for their desire to rescue
and if possible restore her to a sense of
common decency.
The huge meteorite recently unearthed
near Oregon City is a rare scientific
prize. Only four larger specimens of
the kind are on record. Eastern scien
tists are seeking to acquhe the meteor
ite, but Oregon or Portland should find
means to head them off and keep the
stone at home. Now that the Oregon
Iron & Steel Company has proved its
ownership of the meteorite, perhaps
that company will enable Oregon to
satisfy its pride In the matter, and lf
Colonel L. L. Hawkins will employ his
wonted persuasion the City Museum
may Tecome the repository of the atone.
The Woman's Baptist Foreign Mis
sionary Conference, in session at Oma
ha, called for twelve recruits for the
foreign missionary field and received
three responses. Is this reluctance to
enter the outfield an Indication that
the long-neglected missionary field at
home has been discovered, and that
practical Christians, or representatives
of practical Christianity, do not find it
necessary to go to foreign lands in
order to work for the betterment of
mankind?
Russia's fulminatlon against wireless
telegraphy, which went no farther than
words, was denounced by the pro-Japanese
press as a most savage and cruel
performance- Japan says nothing, but
when Mr. Wireless Steamer puts Into
Nagasaki for supplies, the Japs nail
him up to the dock and forbid him to
operate. Which, it may be supposed, is
a touching Instance of Japan's enlight
ened and Christian character. It makes
such a difference.
If the Republican managers of the
various counties of Oregon want big
majorities, as doubtless they do, it will
be far better for them to take meas
ures to get the voters registered than
to spend their strength in trying' to get
up precinct meetings for public speak
ing. This last may be well enough;
but the prime necessity Is to get the
voters registered. The Republican ma
jority then will take care of itself.
It is really impossible for any one
who has not seen the magnitude of the
exposition at St. Louis to conceive c
Imagine it. The impression It makes
on all who have seen It Is said to be
overpowering. Its splendor comports
with its magnitude; and there can be
no question that It presents the most
marvelous spectacle of the kind ever
seen In the history of the world.
For the office of District Attorney
Mr. Sanderson Reed possesses every
necessary qualification. His record In
his profession and in public tasks is
that of a man who wants to do right
and who can be depended upon to stand
firm In his convictions of duty. No
man on the Republican ticket Is more
entitled to Republican support than
Mr. Red.
Councilman Albee's ordinance abol
ishing private boxes In saloons is a
meritorious measure. There is no ne
cessity or excuse for these places of
Infamy, and it Is strange that every ef
fort to do away with them falls short of
success. Perhaps we can get better
luck this time.
Whoever-did the work that results In
warships being ordered here for the
Fourth deserves a vote of thanks.
These visits from monitor and torpedo
boats will add Interest to the port and
popularize the new Navy among the
people.
NOTE ANDC0MMENT.
Just now St. Louis Is It.
. .
Strikes keep San- Francisco fronv stag
nating.
WANTED Hustlers
Courthouse.
to tack signs. Apply
Revolt in Seattle! ' - '
(Against the Clancys.)
In Montana they've spotted anatbjf
man with spotted fever.
"The Yalu is obtaining as much free
advertising as St.Louis.
Seattle Is making some cruel jokes about
the men of the U. S. S. Tacoma sleeping
on duty.
Russian submarines at Port Arthur
i
should find lots of companion ships-when.
they go down.
Tacoma reports an attendance of S0&
at the opening ball game. Eight thousand,
What fingers and toes?
Bryan thinks that the reorganizers are
not gaining, but then If a landslide hit
hint he-d try to argue with It.
The Holy Rollers appear to have been
very successful in fitting persons for the
Insane ,asyium and the reformatory.
James Henry Smith" has bought the
Whitney house on Fifth avenue for $2,500,
000. Probably his whim is to try light
housekeeping.
Schoolboys in Eugene should take more
than usual interest in their Instructors,
now that the county and the city superin
tendents have got into a fist fight.
Twenty-six young dentists have- juat
been unleashed In Portland. Just now
their names are where they hopa their
hands will be In the mouths of the people.
A Pendleton mangle girl mangled hor
hand In the machinery, and Is bringing
a suit for damages for the contradictory
reason that she objects to being hand
laundered.
The number of applications for jobs on
Panama canal work shows how many
Americans are ready to sacrifice them
selves for t their country for good re
numeration. The men of the Varlag and the Korieti
aro just now in the state of Tommy At
kins wheni he's hailed with allusion
the "thin red lines of eroes." But when
the cruel war is over it will be "out oi
this, you brute."
Tho Chinese in Manchuria are said to
be praying for a Russian victory. If
Gods avail anything Russia should have
a walk over, for Chinese josses and
Christian Ikons would seem, to check the
Japanese In every direction.
Still the men with hard-earned money
come to town, meet an affable stranger,
who buys a drink and rings in another
stranger, and the hard-earned money
flees with the strangers. And the harder
it was to get, the more easily it seems
to'be let go.
St. Louis is certainly "on to" Itself.
Of the $50,000,000 for the Fair, the munici
pality put up $5,000,000 and the citizens
$5,000,000, makins a total of $10,000,000.
Then states were worked for $7,000,000, tho
Government for $11,500,000 and foreign
countries for $2,000,000. A very" thrifty
showing.
"Victoria sportsmen want the sale of
gams of any kind prohibited in British
Columbia for three years. Such a measure
would no doubt prove very popular with
the wealthy hunter, but the Indians and
others would look upon it with different
eyes. Still, the world would be a dull
place if all had the same objects.
An exchange tells of a neat retort made
by Captain Burton, the explorer, at the
expense of a doctor. Burton had been
telling of an Arab attack which ended fa
tally for his assailant, when the doctor
asked, "How do you feel, Captain, when
you kill a man?" ' Burton paused a mo
ment, and then replied, slowly: "I don't
know, doctor; how do you feel?"
It la related of Bishop Potter, says LIp
pincott's, that at the close of a lecture
engagement In rural New Tork he was
approached by a farmer, who, addressing
him familiarly, said:
"Pard, h'ain't I seen yore plctur some'
ers in th' paypers?" ti t
With becoming modesty the bishop re
plied, "It is possible."
"Well, pard," continued the farmer,
"won't you please tell me what you was
cured of?"
It is reported from TJskalody, Tenn.,
that the municipality Is about to erect a
statue to the memory of Peter La
Planche, who is said to have Invented the
game of craps. The claims of Uskalody
are disputed by several other cities In
Tennessee. All that seems definitely set
tled Is that craps wa3 first played shortly,
after Jackson's victory at New Orleans,
and in J813 a sort of franchise was grant
ed La Planche by the corporation of Us
kalody to run the game In his hotel. In
default of better evidence from another
place, Uskalody will not resign the honor,
and Dr. Schrady has been commissioned
to make a life-size statue.
"" Count Casslpl's article in the North .
American Review on "Russia and the Far
East" seems to open up a new branch of
usefulness for diplomats. Hereafter am
bassadors may be chosen, not because
they are able to conceal what they think,
but because they are able to write a
slashing magazine article. The pen will
be even more mighty than the sword
when that day comes round, and the
schoolboy will write his essay on "The
Lessons of History" with an eye to
representing his country In the continental
reviews. Ambassadors will no longer be
accredited to the Court of St. James, but
to the Quarterly Review. W. T. Stead
will supplant Sir Mortimer Durand over
here, as the ambassador of King Edward
to the Review of Reviews.
A Government scientist not long ago
gave a dinner in Washington in honor pf
Speaker Henderson. The scientist hails
from the Hawkeye state, so It was dis
tinctly an Iowa dinner. Of course, Sec
retary Shaw was a guest, and ha Was
the only one absent when 7 o'clock acj
rived. The host waited half ar hour a;
then gave orders to serve, -"texactm
7:55 the Secretary of tha Triaa15fyrT
announced. His explanation-' has been
a joke among the Iowa co Ungent in
Washington ever since. "I ought this
dinner was for 8 o'clock," aid he, in
evident embarrassment- "I arrived out
side at 7:30 by my watch. It was so
early I decided to walk up and down
the street" till I saw someone else come.
But no one came, and so I Lad to enter
alone."
wsa
i.