6
THE StENDAT OEEGONIAN, PORTLAOT, MAY 3, 1903.
JDetered xi the Posteee.at Psrtlu, Ongsa.
as eeconfi-clajs matter.
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"YESTERDAY'S WEATHER "Maximum- tem-
perature, 74; minimum temperature. 4G; pre-
ielpitatlon. 0.
TODAY'S WEATHER Fair; winds mostly
I northerly.
PORTLAND, SUNDAY, MAY 3, 1003.
THE LABOR. FEDERATION AND THE
FAIR.
It cannot be supposed that the Fed
Iteration of Labor Is earnest, serious or
I resolved In the purpose It has declared
to defeat If it can the Lewis and Clark
Centennial. The proclamation is used
las a weapon in the cause of the unions,
In the, labor contest now going on in
Portland. Many of the members of the
union doubtless will sign the petition
for the referendum. Very few will vote
against the act in the follpwing elec
tion. For the wage-workers can less
afford it than those whom they would
punish, and they know it.
It is common knowledge that those
Iwho have subscribed the greater part
Df the money for the Centennial, and
those who would pay the greater part
lor the state tax to support it, never
lave been from the first, are not
low, enthusiastic for the Centennial
celebration and Exposition. They have
idertaken it from a sense of public
luty; they have made their own views
to the utility of the undertaking sub-
srdlnate to a desire to help forward a
project which appeared to be popular
id to be wanted by the great body of
le people. They feel, however, now
iat if, after all, it should not be
ited, they can yield, give It up, sac
rifice what they have paid in, accept
le veto as deliverance from further
ibor and trouble, and rest content.
The Federation of Labor has put for-
Fard this proclamation against the Fair
an act of retaliation and revenge.
t Is openly avowed. Yet defeat or
Failure of the Fair would hurt the wage-
rorkers more than all others. Owners
Df property, men established In busl-
less, can wait, though undoubtedly
ley would be glad to have an active
justness season. Most whose capital
their labor unfortunately are not so
rell prepared for the consequences of
ldustrial stagnation. The Fair would
lploy a large body of labor. Four-
tths of all the money will go to labor.
lirectly or indirectly; and the Federa-
lon of Labor, in taking this step.
strikes at itself. It Is like Saturn de
vouring his own children. Men who
link they may or can revenge them-
slyes on the city commit a mistake.
len may injure others or destroy
Rhemselves, but Portland cannot be de
stroyed, nor seriously harmed. No ef
fort of man, in one direction or an-
ther, can stop her progress. The city
rill continue to grow, and faster than
ever, through sheer operation of the
Corces within and around it The
lives which any body of citizens may
bh&rpen against the city will always
turned against themselves; no cause,
d or bad, ever was served by retal-
Iatlon or revenge; and wrecks on the
cks of retaliation and revenge are
strewn all along the banks and shoals
uf time.
The Oregonlan Is aware that this does
lot meet the points of contention be
tween labor and employers. But It Is
inly by those In Immediate Interest that
lese points" can be dealt with. And
lothlng Is to be gained by exchange of
philippics between them. Blasts and
counter-blasts only Inflame the corn-
ion rage. Such questions as those
sed between these contending parties
squire sober treatment. Yet the pre
cise facts are difficult of ascertainment.
side thus far refuses to meet the
other on the vital issues; and each con-
rents Itself with denunciation of the
bther, while the Fair becomes the butt
kf the contest between them. That
there Is Increased cost of living, as
compared wtth the cost a few years ago.
rill not be denied. Nor is the wage
icale the main contention between the
jiartles. On the one side Is insistence
in the right to employ workmen
rhether they belong to a union or not;
n the other is denial of it. All other
parts of the dispute are merely rela-
lve. This, so far, is Insoluble.
But nothing is to be gained in such
matter by accusation or recrlrnlna
ion. The action taken by the mill
len, on the one hand. Is not justified
ky the action taken by the labor fed-
ition on the other. Though the con-
ltlon will work itself out, or wear it
out, some way, because it must, It
lught not to have involved the Centen-
Fair, which belongs to the whole
opto. Much more than the mere wel
of Portland since preparations
ive gone so fax is now involved In
great historical, interstate and Na-
llonal project The pride and reputa-
10n of Oregon are In It; and the Inter'
sts of our wage-workers, though they
ive uttered this fulmlnatlon against
are just as deeply Involved in it as
ire tnost ox t&e mercantile people,
xuffcctarcts sad ownaxs ot real es-
tate In Portland. Seldom or never Is
that done wisely which Is done In pas
sion or lor retaliation; and The Ore
gonlan believes .that, In their sober
second thought, the members of the
Federation of Labor will think differ
ently of this manifesto and support the
appropriation for the Fair. If, how
ever, they do not If they should suc
ceed in defeating It they should not
suppose that all the triumph will be on
their side, and all the regret on the
other.
AGNOSTICISM FOR "CHILDREN. .
There is no more vital relation of the
modern agnosticism than its bearing
upon the training of children. What
Is to become of the rising generation
If It is encouraged by fathers to dis
believe in the religion of its mothers
and grandparents and Sunday school
teachers? For be it known that the
average agnostic seldom has the full
courage of his convictions. He wants
none of these things for himself, but
he likes to have his woman folk hold
to the old faiths, and he thinks very
well of religious training for his chil
dren. He pays such poor compliment
to his own superiority over "old wives'
fables" and so on that he forbears to
instil his own freedom in his descend
ants; or, if you put it the other way,
he fancies that fable is good enough
for them,so that the reflection is, .after
all, upon his own flesh and blood.
This is a curious problem, and one
which we do not remember to have
seen discussed. 'Agnostics themselves
are naturally slow to advertise their
own inconsistency, and seem rather to
pride themselves on their lack of logic
It is with considerable Interest, there
fore, that most will greet a paper in
the International Journal of Ethics, by
Mrs. Francis Darwin, on "The Reli
gious Training of Children by Agnos
tics." She correctly sets out the com
mon attitude. Many agnostic fathers
and mothers simply abdicate their func
tion. They turn over the religious edu
cation of their children to nurses or
governesses or teachers. "We do not
believe these things," they tacitly say,
"but we do not know what to teach you,
so we will pass you on to those who
think they do." The careless parent Is
also of this mood. Too many nominal
believers allow ignorant or rash hands
to sow all manner of strange seeds In
the soil of their children's minds, which
they themselves leave religiously un
cultivated. But the especial disaster of
the unbelieving father who surrenders
his child's religious teaching to another
Is that a wholly unnatural element is
thereby brought Into family life. Child
hood reposes a touching and beautiful
confidence in the absolute wisdom of
parents. Therefore, for them to stand
aside, in presence of the deepest
things of life to say, "We cannot talk
to you about all that; you must believe
what so and so tells you, though we
cannot" Is to Introduce rupture and
self-repression into the lives of chil
dren, most unwholesomely.
Mrs. Darwin does not approve this
slipshod and dishonest line of conduct,
and for a remedy she urges an atti
tude at once more sincere and more
sympathetic. She would have agnostic
parents perfectly frank and free with
their children. The latter must neces
sarily be thrown into a world where
creeds and dogmas are thrust upon
them. These need not to be looked
upon either with repulsion or with
credulity, but should be interpreted,
should be studied In their aim and ef
fect their good rescued from their
abuse. If fathers and mothers cannot
teach children a positive creed, they
can at least speak to them of the great
symbols which the world professes, and
can say something like the following:
This is what many people believe to be tho
truth; to whom It is sacred; try to understand
the power belief has been and can "be, how It
has had and still has Its xnarytrs and Its he
roes; and while your whole soul may go out to
what they have done and suffered and hoped.
never for a moment think that your admira
tion and reverence lor them obliges you to be
lieve what they believe. But a "world Is shut
to you If you do not make the effort to under
stand and feel the beliefs of mankind. With
out any effort a few years of life "will make
you understand the Intolerance, the prejudice.
the hypocrisy, the superstition of men, but un
less you have insight into what lies behind
Into their higher spiritual life often so repel
lant and distorted on the surface the best part
of life Is closed to you. It would be better not
to have lived than to go through" the world
never penetrating below Its crust, with eyes
fixed on Its dreariness and superstition and
mistakes.
How sound this advice is, and how
practical its application, all rationalist
fathers and mothers must determine for
themselves. But surely there must oc
cur to the mind of every reader some
noteworthy Instances of children ad
mirably reared by unbelieving but de
voutly practicing parents. The prime
lesson; we should say, of Mrs. Darwin's
suggestions is, after alt, that creed Is
not the whole of training. The life of
the parent Is more than his dogma.
Saintly lives grow up all about us,
much alike though planted in widely
variant fields of religious thought It
will be idle, evidently, for the shiftless
parent to shield his lnefflcience behind
the excuse that he has lost confidence
in the old faiths. He has at least no
excuse for loss of confidence in the old
virtues. The agnostic's moral example
and precept before his children are as
Imperative as the believer's; perhaps
more so, since he proposre to discard
the old aids of emotion and the super
natural. The training of children Is
not made easier by abandonment of the
Biblical standards. Perhaps it is
harder. No honest mind should be con
tent with the doctrine that children are
to be made good by teaching them lies.
MINE AND THINE.
Before the Supreme Court, in session
at Olympla last weekv a suit for libel
brought against the Spokesman-Review
by ex-Postmaster James F. Leghorn,
of Spokane, fell to the ground. The
newspaper had charged that Leghorn
took $100 from the special postal fund
and converted it to his own use. At
the trial Leghorn admitted the fact,
but declared that, because his bank
happened to be closed for a holiday.
he did not have access to his private
funds; therefore he used 5100 belonging
to the Government and restored the
sum next day from his own money.
The Supreme Court declared that the
truth of the newspaper's assertion was
established by Leghorn's own testi
mony, and if he had been unable to
obtain the money to make good the
shortage he could not successfully have
defended himself against the charge of
embezzlement
In these days of loose business meth
ods which obtain In political offices,
perhaps the act of Leghorn, condemned
by the highest tribunal In the State of
Washington, would not create a ripple
of excitement nor even provoke un
favorable comment among his associ
ates. If it were known only In private.
His "borrowing" money not. his own.
foe twenty-four hours would, at the
worst he considered a trifling irregu
larity by men who lacked nice percep
tion of "thine and mine." His stand
ing, except" among men of highest
financial honor, has probably suffered
no marking down.
The man who in youth learns the dif
ference between bis own money, how
ever acquired, and money he holds in
trust will, if he have moral backbone,
so conduct the trust that the strictest
investigation, in his presence or in his
absence, whether he is alive or dead,
cannot fail to reveal a clean balance
sheet Such a man never lays hold of
trust funds. He does not for a mo
ment mix his own money with the
money he holds In his fiduciary ca
pacity, either in his pocket or his cash
box or his bank account There are a
few lawyers who, when they receive
from a- client a dollar or two and a
half to pay a fee at the Courthouse,
will not put the sliver In the same
pocket with their own loose change.
And there are others.
Boys cannot begin too early to learn
the distinction between "thine and
mine." They should be taught that no
exigency can arise under which they
may appropriate to their own use the
money of -their employer. Whether the
Illicit borrowing is only till next morn
ing or the end -of the week, or until
pay day, no moral distinction can be
drawn. It is embezzlement pure and
simple, and every young man who Is
the custodian of another's property
must shun such an act as he would
shun -smallpox. He may not be found
out hut his moral features will there
after disclose pits and scars.
Even under stress of circumstances.
young man, never allow yourself to
yield, and offer to your conscience the
dangerous balm, "Well, I can pay It
back when the company pays me what
It owes me." Suppose It Is medicine
for your sick mother, or a present for
your sister at her graduation, or help
for some friend In trouble, or a sum
mons late at night to a death bed In a
neighboring or distant place. Don't
touch "the company's money." Meet
the emergency exactly as you would If
you hadn't access to the trust fund.
Don't break Into It any more than you
would break Into a store and tap the
till. Remember every moment in the
day that this trust money Isn't yours,
and that you must render an account
for It
The line between "thine and mine"
Is strictly drawn. It Is nonelastic. You
cannot bend rior stretch it without loss
of honor. . One act like the Spokane
Postmaster's may not wreck you, but
It surely will dull your conscience, and,
If repeated, must lead to disaster. Man
kind accepts the command, "Thou shalt
not steal." Under this generalization
let every man Include temporary bor
rowing from trust funds of which he
is the custodian.
HOW MAN BECAME 3IAN.
An Oregon man has arisen to offer at
least a plausible explanation of a long-
debated and gravely doubted step In
evolution. How was It that man lifted
himself from the plane of the brute
creation? This Is the question which
has puzzled Inquirers, rejoiced skeptics
and annoyed the high priests of the
evolutional religion. An attempt to an
swer it is put forward in the American
Journal of Science by Dr. J. L. Wort-
man, of Yale University. Dr. Wortman,
as Is well known, was an Oregon prod
uct being a brother of H. C. Wort-
man, one of Portland's leading mer
chants. His work at Yale, In the field
of palaeontology, has attracted wide
spread attention, and some of his most
pronounced successes, like his perfee
tlon of the fossil records of the horse
from discoveries In the John Day re
gion, have been based upon his Oregon
researches.
It is Dr. Wortman's opinion, which
we shall content ourselves with an
nounclng without adducing his evi
dence In detail, that man was evolved
from some form of the higher type of
apes which had been trapped in South
ern Europe or Asia by the advance of
the Ice sheet In a glacial period, and
so were forced to exert mental skill to
save themselves from perishing under
the new surroundings. Most of them.
he believes, succumbed, but the an-
thropoldal ancestors of man proved
equal to the emergency by the exercise
of qualities which began to dlfferen
tlate them from brutes. Dr. Wortman
bellev'tes that none of the present hy
potheses provides sufficient reasons for
the great step in evolution from the
apelike creature to man. He Is led to
look for some sudden change in the
environment as the source of the prog'
ress. This he finds In the shifting of
climate that occurred at the Ice age,
when the advancing glacial sheet drove
the tropics south from the Arctic circle,
No one has ever doubted, we believe,
that the earth has been subject to a
gradual cooling process which extends
step by step from the poles toward the
equator; but this hypothesis seems to
have been so far denied its logical ap
plication to the migration of animal
species. Dr. Wortman, however, now
adduces discoveries of fossils going to
show that the origin of the higher forms
of plant and animal life was In the ex
treme "north at a time when the Arctic
regions received tropical heat He be
lieves the fossil evidence Indicates
retreat of living things southward, In
the course ofwhich they were scat
tered over the Old and New World
alike. For example, he believes he has
found fossils of monkeys In Wyoming
which were the progenitors of the mon
keys of South America and which were
closely related to the present aye-ayes
of Madagascar. Similar species, he
says, are found in deposits of the same
age in the same latitudes in hoth heml-
spheres. The monkeys, of course, took
part In the general retreat southward
through America, Europe and Asia:
but while on this continent life was
easy, owing to the equatorial habitat
to which they soon repaired, in the
Old World retreat was cut off by the
seas. The advancing cold thus com
pelled them to look to the ground for
food and for fire, and the step from
brute to man was begun.
It is, not too much to expect of scl
ence that some day It will have shown
us how all these wonderful steps in
progress have come about But In
quiry will never be satisfied until we
learn not only how, but also why. At
every move in the cosmic procession
the inquiring mind, on discovering how
some chapter happened, is fain to de
mand also why it should have hap
pened. Why did the Himalaya apes
choose to resist the advancing' cold
rather than lie helplessly down and
die? The beautiful plumage of tropic
birds has been developed through long
selection of the most beautiful spec!
mens by discerning companions for
mates. Very well: but why did the
birds so persistently prefer the beauti
ful plumage to the mediocre? The
Uonesa guards her young against all
comers, that the species may be
perpetuated; but why should she be pos
sessed by so fierce an altruistic pas
sion? There is no rainbow or sunset
glory except In the eye of man, no
odor except in the nerves of the brain,
no sound where there is none to hear.
How these phenomena occur we are
coming at length to know. But why
the earth should have been peopled
with beauty and delight why the breath
of God should ever have moved at all
upon the primordial nebula, why' the
babe should have been formed to turn
Instinctively to its mother's breast and
the maiden to her hero's arms these
are problems the fossils do not an
swer, these are things that science can
not telL
ARROGANCE OF MEN IN PLACE.
The Rev. Charles F. Dole, of, Jamaica
Plain, N. Y., is a Unitarian clergyman
who. In a recent -fine sermon on "The
Arrogance of Men In Place," put his
finger upon the peculiar and besetting
disease of the successful. Arrogance
is the expression that predominates In
the portraits of the Assyrian and
Egyptian Kings, and Is conspicuous in
the lineaments of Alexander the Great
The Greeks had a special word to des
ignate the Insolence of tyrants. Epaml-
nondas .alone among Greek Generals,
and Caesar among Roman statesmen,
seem to have been free from repulsive
arrogance of speech and action. Alfred
the Great and Cromwell among great
Englishmen were not arrogant be
cause they both were, pious men,
who feared God too much to give
wanton Insult to their fellow-men.
Franklin, Washington and Lincoln
were men of conscience and large
brain, who always mingled personal
modesty and kindness with their im
pregnable self-possession, and Grant
and Lee were equally eminent for per
sonal modesty and freedom from lm-
perlousness of temper. Arrogance Is
the flaw In the diamond of Napoleon's
genius. The proclamations of the Em
peror of Germany are Instinct with re
pulsive egotism and arrogance.
Mr. Dole's argument Is that arro
gance Is "a universal moral distemper
which Is shown In the conduct and
bearing and spirit of the rich to the
poor, of the powerful to the feeble, of
the Intellectual to the Ignorant multi
tude, of the people of a certain color-
toward other colors, often of the man
to the woman, of one woman toward
another less fortunate woman, of the
teacher to his pupils." The most timely
Illustration of the Injurious conse
quences of arrogance' manifested by
men In'place Is found In the arrogance
exhibited by unscrupulous and over
bearing rich men In pushing their self
ish and corporate Interests. These ar
rogant rich are clamorous for the stern
enforcement of the laws that defend
property, while they do not hesitate
themselves to evade all laws that In
terfere with the consummation of their
selfish schemes. They behave as If
they were the state and above the law.
In all labor troubles arrogance plays a
greater part than any question of hours
or wages. John Mitchell more than
once said that the great Pennsylvania
coal strike was due more to the brutal
arrogance of President Baer and his
confederates than to any other single
cause.
The arrogance of priestcraft In all
ages has quite matched the arrogance
of soldiers and rulers, and today the
ministerial profession Is always ex
posed, says Mr. Dole, "'to the' worst of
all moral diseases spiritual pride."
There are both Philistines and Phari
sees among the clergy, whether they
speak from an orthodox or a "liberal"
pulpit Mr. Dole holds that so far as
any human being has real superiority
he must arrogate nothing to himself.
at the peril of losing what superiority
he has. With arrogance, fatal dis
ease saps the life of every kind of su
periority. "The moment arrogance en
ters the heart the light of goodness
goes out" What our American democ
racy badly needs to be taught is to treat
all men with reference to the divine
life that Is in them; not as machines.
but as men, to look for the best in
them and hope for the best not the
worst We must keep our own law,
and must never forget that we are all
human together. "Arrogance lies at
the root of all excluslveness, privilege
and aristocracy. Modesty Is the soul
of true democracy. Arrogance breaks
up society. Modesty establishes It
When the modest rise to the command
of great business enterprises, they do
not seek to grow rich; they are content
If they can enrich the world. Arro
gance divides men from each other,
runs the line of classes through soci
ety, breeds bitterness and envy. It
creates friction between employers and
employed, and adds burdens and loss
tn human labor."
This is substantially the argument of
Mr. Dole' in his remarkable sermoh
concerning arrogance as the universal
fatal disease of men In place, It Is fatal
because It Is the brutal pride that Is the
prophet of Its own fall. It Is the or
ganized, aggressive selfishness that
stimulates Insurrections and resistance
to Its- authority, and slowly but surely
undermines Its strongest support It
Is easy to whistle down the wind this
philosophy of Mr. Dole .as a barren
Ideality, an altruistic aspiration, the
most recent echo of the oracles of Uto
pla. But this eloquent preacher is cor
rect in his high estimate of human
sympathy as a most powerful and ef
fective social force for weal or woe In
the every-day working world. The hu
man personality manifested by a strong
and sweet man among his fellows is
a social dynamic worth all the rest of
the forces Included In the economy of
human life. One man of strong, ra
diant helpful nature Is worth more
through the contagious influence and
persuasion of his wise, just, humane,
Impressive personality than all the so
cial cranks and political charlatans that
have plagued the world from the dawn
of authentic history to the present
hour.
The only sure way to reform social
wrongs and Industrial abuses, to help
the world out of satanlc darkness to
ward the blessed light of better things,
is for every man to try to reform him
self; to make himself helpful by seek
ing to make others hopeful. No social
machinery, however ingenious, how
ever well equipped with business meth
ods, will ever do much for this world
without the application of Christ's
shoulder to the wheel. In shape of sym
pathetic, humane personality, mani
fested in the life, speech and action of
every man who sincerely believes that
"God has organized the race once and
forever under the order of human
brotherhood." This spirit and. only
this spirit which substitutes men of
modesty for men of arrogance in
place, can help us to a nobler and purer
social state. It ts the virtuous, active
personal power of the nonarrogant man
of rood will among men .whose warmth
the world lacks today, not social ma
chinery for extirpating, by sudden.
trenchant stroke, vice, ignorance, pov
erty; and crime; It is not the man who
merely .gives money out of his great
abundance that the world heed3 most
It is the man that, 'without arrogance,
modestly devotes something of his per
sonal life to noble ends.
Not -what we give, but what we share
For the gift without the giver is bare; -Who
gives himself -with his alma feeds three
Himself, his hungering neighbor, and me.
There are two periods In human life
in which appeal for mercy to the
wrongdoer is well placed and seldom
falls to be effective. The one Is ex
treme youth, the other extreme age. In
the latter case the honorable achieve
ments of a lifetime have weight in the
former the possible achievement of
coming years is considered; In the one
the irresponsibility of judgment that
comes with the pressure of years miti
gates to the judicial mind the enormity
of the offense; in the other the lack of
responsibility due to Immaturity Is the
mitigating circumstance. The Judge
who suspends sentence In a case where
a boy Is the offender, pending reforma
tory effort In his behalf, or the Gov
ernor who pardons a criminal under
going penalty In the state's prison be
cause of his youth and of the possi
bility ot the development of honorable
manhood, Is upheld In the act by public
opinion, while the aged man of pre
viously honorable life may well be ex
cused from severe penalty because of
the fact that-his opportunities for evil
are nearly at an end. In this latter
view, Judge James N. Tyner, recently
dishonorably dismissed from the Gov
ernment service, and now in a state of
physical and nervous collapse from the
strain that the scandal with which his
name is connected has Induced, may
well be left to such repose as tired Na
ture gives during his few remaining
days or months. A feeble old man, he
was no doubt, the sport and play of
younger minds, and whatever his crime.
the dishonored end of a long life of pub
lic service will be sufficient punish
ment The fault lies not so much with
him as with the lack of judgment in
high places that kept him in office long
after he was entitled to .the security of
an old man's quiet corner by his own
fireside.
It Is asserted that higher rents have
resulted from the proposition for the
Fair; In other words, that owners of
real estate are using the Fair as the
means of "working a graft" and of op
pressing . tenants. Therefore the Fed
eration of Labor strikes at the Fair.
But here, as in most cases, something
remains to be said on the other side.
Rents doubtless have been somewhat
advanced. But there is no good reason
to suppose that the proposal for the
Fair Is the cause of it During the
past two years nothing, or ' next to
nothing, has been had out of rents in
Portland. In 1833-94 rents in Portland
suddenly fell off one-half, or more. In
all these ten years since there has been
no profit In real property. Few have
been able to get out of reaL property
the public charges and the cost of re
pairs. With the very first movement
rents were bound to advance. But as
a rule, they have not yet advanced to
a point where they pay any actual
profit Rents In Portland are still far
below the old figures, when there was
profit In property, and may never again
reach them. There is idle money In
Portland by millions. If there were
profits In rents, this money would come
out Thousands of persons in Portland
have money enough in bank to build
them houses to live in, but don't build
the houses. They prefer to rent, be
cause they think it better economy to
do so. And many rich people rent for
the same reason, rather than build their
own houses
M. Jusserand, the Ambassador of the
French republic at Washington, who
made a fine address at the St Louis
Exposition on Friday, Is a man of high
literary as well as diplomatic distlnc
tlon. No Frenchman since Faure's
death has shown himself so conversant
with English literature as M. Jusserand,
and no Englishman has shown himself
so thoroughly acquainted with the so
cial life and literature of England In
the fourteenth century, the age of "the
black death" and the serfs' uprising,
of Wycllffe, Edward in and Chaucer.
His latest book, just published in Amer
ica, Is "Shakespeare In France," which
presents a review of the reception
which Shakespeare had encountered in
France from the close of the reign of
Queen Elizabeth down to the present
time. Of this the New York Sun critic,
M. W. Hazel tine, says that ."the au
thor's command of the English lan
guage is not more remarkable than his
familiarity with the history of the Eng
lish stage." Before his appointment to
Washington. M. Jusserand was the
French Ambassador at Copenhagen.
The admission by J. Plerpont Morgan
that the market is filled with undi
gested securities has furnished a theme
upon which financial and industrial
writers are working vigorously. The
financial editor of the New York Herald,
for example, after a careful investlga
tlon, finds that the funds that come
under this head aggregate no less than
S2.000.000.000. 'This means that this
amount remains in the hands of pro
moters and underwriting syndicates.
unable to find Investment The Mor
gan list alone represents of undigested
securities 3655,000,000, to which may be
added the stocks known as industrials
to the amount, of ?780,OOOv00O, and un
taken "railroads" representing $405,-
000,000 An "undigested financial mass
of this magnitude may well be regarded
as a menace to the prosperity which it
represents, but cannot feed.
The story of the feeble "old 'un" who
gives away In his last days, all of hl3
possessions toa sympathetic or other
wise designing person is as old as the
history of property accumulations. It
is In one respect like an unsuitable mar
riageno one knows or can imagine
why and wherefore the suffering party
could have been so foolish as to make
such a one-sided bargain. In yet an
other respect there Is a similarity In
the two cases the lesson conveyed
does no sort of good.' Old peop'le will
continue to deliver themselves Into des
titution, and young people Into incon
'gruous marriage, regardless of dlsas
ters following such ill-considered ac
tion, the details ot which are . spread
upon the court records In every com
munity throughout the land.
Shoald Also Be Indorsed.
Albany Democrat
Having been put out of the office of
Commissioner, Miss Ware, of Eugene,
would xa&ke an -excellent running-mate
for Mr. Hermann, and would have no
trouble In, proving that she is pat with
tha Admlaitra.tkm..
THE' QUESTION OP ATTENDANCE.
In his final report to the board of direct
ors, the secretary of the Omaha Exposi
tion had this to say:
In closing, it is hut Just to call attention to
the fact that the success of the exposition was
ue to the feeling, general -among our people.
that It wa3 their exposition; that they each had
a proprietary and prldeful interest In It.
The Omaha Exposition was the com
mon property and the pride of the Trans
Mlsslssippl people. They gave it their
support, and it proved to be one ot the
most successful undertakings in the his
tory of expositions, returning 90 per cent
to the paid-up stockholders. The Lewis
and Clark Exposition will be the common
property and the pride of the Rocky.
Mountain people In general, and of the
Oregon Country In particular. They will
support it with their patronage as they
are now encouraging it with their influ
ence and appropriations, and it will take
its place among the notable achievements
of Western enterprise. That many states
cast of the Mississippi will be friendly to
the exposition Is foresbadowed by the
early decision of North Dakota and Min
nesota to participate.
No exposition has ever had a smooth
and easy path from start to finish. A
Chicago Commission which visited Great
Britain In 1S91 met frequent doubts as to
the possibility of holding a great inter
national exposition at a point a thousand
miles west of the Atlantic seaboard. San
Francisco's fender against the shock of
the hard times ten years ago was dubbed
In Its initial stages the "Mud-Winter Ex
position," and only the enterprise and
grit of M. H. DeYoung made It go. There
were pullbacks at Omaha, but they were
soon brushed aside. Every exposition has
had Its dollars and cents Ecrutinlzers who
have raised their hands in dismay at the
cost and, "Where are you going to get
the financial resources for your com
pany?" one element will ask, and another
will demand, "Where are you going to
get your attendance after your gates are
opened?"
Happily, the Lewis and Clark Exposi
tion has passed through most of its form
ative stages and the directors are now en
abled to give attention to the question of
probable attendance. An estimate sub
mitted to tho ways and means committee
by SecretaryTReed puts tho paid admlnls
sion3 at 800,000, of which 87t per cent are
adult or over 12 years of age, and 124
child, or from 6 to 32 years of age. By
some this figure Is thought to be too low.
by others too high, and by still others to
bo about right, so that there are various
ways of looking at it A close examina
tion of the estimate would seem to justify
the belief that it Is within bounds. For
the purpose of this computation it is fig
ured that tho exposition population, that
is, the population over 12 years of age,
of Oregon, California, Washington, Idaho,
Montana and Utah, In 15(6, will approxi
mate 3,000,000. as compared with about
2,250,000 In 1300. These states will furnish
the bulk of the attendance. In Oregon
the population over 12 "years of age in 1900
was 73.3 per cent of the total, in Califor
nia 73 per cent, in Washington 71.9 per
cent in Idaho 67.9 per cent, in Montana
73.8 per cent and in Utah 64 per cent
Portland is expected to furnish 650,000
paid admissions, an average ot little over
four per Inhabitant, assuming that the
population of the city In 1903 will some
what exceed the conservative estimate of
15O.C00. Oregon, outside of Portland, is
counted on for 100.000 paid admissions, and
the remainder of the states named for a
total of 50,000 paid admissions.
Ia the leisure and fun-loving spirit of
Portland sufficiently developed to justify
an estimated average- of four paid admis
sions per inhabitant from It for the Lewis
and Clark Exposition In 1905? The gen
erous patronage given to theatricals, mu-
slcales and sports would seem to call for
an affirmative answer. Portland does not
run after everything that comes along,
but It does not miss the good things.
whether Madam Bernhardt or the Los
Angeles baseballists, and the exposition
will be a good thing. Granted that Port
land will not let good things pass, has It
a working population earning the money
to pay for all this leisure and enjoyment?
The answer to this question Is partly
found In the statistics of manufactures,
census of 1900. In respect to percentage
of population over 10 years ot age engaged
in gainful occupations, Portland, with
61.8 per cent ranks fourth among American
cities. Comparison with other cities in
which expositions have been held makes
the showing very favorable to Portland.
Buffalo reported 49J5 per cent Omaha 56.4,
San Francisco 56.7, Chicago 53.4. Charles
ton 55.5, Atlanta 56.5, New Orleans 49,5,
and Philadelphia 54.9. In- the matter of
average annual wages of wage-earners In
factories, San Francisco led with $527,
Portland $507, Omaha $505, Chicago $500,
Buffalo $459, Philadelphia $453, New Or
leans $393. Atlanta $332 and Charleston $296.
Charleston, the most complete and disas
trous failure of all the expositions, played
to a white population that "was tempo
rarily broke and a colored population that
never had a cent. In 1900 Portland has
3500 more wage earners than Charleston,
1000 more than Omaha and about 800 less
than Atlanta. In the matter of salaries,
of salaried clerks and officials, Portland
reported an annual average of $101S, com
pared with $S75 for Buffalo, $S34 for Oma
ha, $1143 for San Francisco, $3S2
for Chicago, $10S6 for Charleston,
$1002 for Atlanta. $990 for New
Orleans and $1054 for Philadelphia In re
spect to percentage of population engaged
In gainful occupations and earning capac
ity of the great body of workers, Portland
Is a better exposition town than any other
place in the United States in which an ex
position of pretensions has ever been held,
Let the people profit by the Omaha lea-
son and make the Lewis and
Clark Exposition their .Exposition.
The 1905 Fair Is not local, but National
and international. It is Portland's Ex
position only so far as It was Port
land's duty, as, the chief city of the "Ore
gon country, to finance the local company
and set the enterprise on It3 feet In all
other respects It is the exposition ot the
people of the Oregon country, and they
should have a "proprietary and prldeful
Interest in it" from now until the dose of
the gates in 1905.
The Army- and Its Chief.
Fairhaven Herald.
It is such a feeble echo of the embalmed
beef campaign as to show the advance of
senile decay in Miles. He Journeyed about
la grand state from point to point
throughout the Philippines, llstend to
some tale of woe from every old crone he
could find, and comes home to report like
an old woman, tne vague stories floating
In the islands of the Orient It is a pitiful
fizzle for starting a Presidential boom. It
Is a pitiful fizzle for the secret emissary
of Edward Atkinson's1 army of tadpoles.
It is a performance fit to make the Amer.
L lean people ashamed of the nominal chief
or tneir Army ana maxe mem rejoice inn
he i3 rapidly nearing the age limit that
will retire him to private Hie and give
him a chance to spend his whole time In
his favorite occupation of posing for his
photograph.
N0TEAND COMMENT
For ohca in our lives we didn't hayeto
celebrate May day with our mackintoshes
on.
The fans need not be discouraged.' The
academic baseball teams are playing good "
ball.
Better Include a drive up Roosevelt
street in the itinerary of the President's
parade.
Turtle Mountain, at Frank, N. W. T.,
was simply living up to Its namo when it
turned turtle.
Dallas has had another oratorical con-,
test, and In a few days we will begin .to
hear about "gross and culpable careless
ness" again.
It's pretty near time for tho Board of
Trade to butt Into the strike question with
a few resolutions from the able typewriter
of Hon. Tom Gulnean.
Seattle has a Burdlck case all of her
own, with several victims, and a long
list of suspects. Next on the programme
will be an auto accident
Now that Andrew Carnegie has loos
ened up to Tuskegee College to the ex
tent of $600,000, Booker T. Washington
need not dine with the President again.
He will be able to take in Delmonlco's.
The set of messages and papers of the
Presidents of the United States, sent to
the pope by the President has reached its
destination. It is in ten quarto volumes.
We may look for an early decline In His
Holiness health If he undertakes to read
the books.
The guest from the city sat In the bed
room that had been allotted to him in his
brother's house In the little country town.
He watched his breath turning to icy
clouds as It left his lungs, and wondered
how long It took a man to freeze to death.
"They call this the ''spare room,' " ha
slid, shlveringly, to himself. "And It's
well named. I don't wonder they can
spare it I think that I could get along
without it myself."
They are Joshing President Boardman,
of the college, says the Yamhill County
Reporter He was hearing a class
recite the other day, and asked the ques
tion: 'Where Is the proper place to pun
ish a child?" The answer should have
been: "In private rather than in public."
But the young lady to whom the question
was addressed had not studied her les
son that morning and blushlngly replied:
"On the lower limbs."
The United States Board of Geograph
ical Names has now decided that Peking
is the correct form in English to indi
cate the" northern capital of China. Pe-
kin had always been spelled with a "g"
from the first treaties ot 1S53 and 1860
down to February 3, 1897, when the board
decided to shorten it to the Cantonese
dialect sound, "Pekln." The reversal of
the decision Is mainly due to Miss E. R.
Scldmore, who has spent a long time in
the Far East, and who brought so much
evidence in favor of "Peking" that the
board could not do otherwise than readopt
the name.
Henry White, American Charge d' Af
faires in London, feels much satisfaction
because of his election as a member, of
the Athenaeum Club, among the most ex
clusive in the British capital. In fact a
membership therein confers a badge of
distinction. Many famous Englishmen of
letters have been members, including
Macaulay, Thackeray and Dickens. A
number of distinguished churchmen be
long to the club now, and this moved
Lord Salisbury to remark on one occa
sion that he never dared take an um
brella to the Athanaeum because' he
'couldn't trust the bishops."'
William Dean Howells was recently
talking about the slight change of phrase
that may make an Impressive thing ridic
ulous. "I remember a sermon that I
heard," he said, "In my boyhood. It was
a sermon about Judas, and the minister,
after reading to us how Judas betrayed
the Master for 30 pieces of silver, added:
Thirty pieces of silver, dear friends, Is $1S
In our money.' And then he went on
heatedly: Yes, Judas betrayed the Mas
ter, he prostituted that holy symbol, the
kiss, for the small sum of $18 The change
of phrase was slight" Mr. Howells con
cluded, "but somehow It sufficed to make
everybody smile."
The following Interesting account of the
Western Lumber Company's fire was
printed in the Walla Walla Evening
Statesman. One Item wag unintentionally
correct, the statement 'of the loss. It
might also be said that the 0 laborers
are still missing:
Portland, May L The entire lumber district
along the water front Is burning. Six lumber
mills, several factories and a number ,of dwell
ing have been destroyed. The Immense tanta
of the Standard Oil Company are threatened.
A boiler exploded and two men are reported
killed and three fatally hurt. This Is the 20th
supposed-to-be incendiary fire within 30 days.
The loss Is $260,000. The insurance is $00,000.
Sixty employes fighting the fire were cut off
by a sudden burst of flames, and were seen
to jump on the logs underneath and disappear
In the smoke. They are still missing.
A tall and athletic-looking man. sun
tanned and wearing a sombrero, said to a
Senate doorkeeper a day or two before
the session ended: "I want to see Sen
ator Quay." The doorkeeper, rather im
pressed with the tall man's appearance,
stammered: "The Senate Is very busy
now, and Tm "afraid the Senator can't
come out and talk to you." "I don't want
to talk to him. I only want to see the
nobis features of the man who has been
fighting for statehood. I'm from Arizo
na." He was shown into the gallery by
a page, who pointed out the Pennsylvania
statesman. The Arizona" man gazed long
and earnestly. Then he said sadly to the
him. He don't Impress me none."
The Sick Child.
He for whom the world was made
Cannot lift his heavy head.
All its pretty curia puffed out.
Burnt with fevers, parched, with drought.
He the tyrant,-whlmflical. '
With the round world for his 'ball. - - i
In a dreadful patience lies, - -.
Old elnce yesterday and wise. -
Xlke a martyr on the rack
Smiles, his soft lips burnt to black,, r
While the fever still devours k ;
His small body, sweet as flowers. : ";
Dreadful patience like a sword
Stab3 his mother's heart, dear Lord;
Make him naughty, wild and gay.
As he was but yesterday.
Little services he jays V "
With his kls3ea and his praisj . - ,
While his eyes ask pardon still
That he's troublesome and 111.
Ha lies smiling with & fire
In bis cheeks blown high and higher,
By the wind of iever fanned.
Lord, his kisses bn my hand I "
Give' me back my boy. I'pray. - .
Turbulent, ot yesterday.
Not this angel, lflce- a sword
In his mother's heart, dear Lordl
,atharlM Tynan la Losdoa Spectator.