6 THE StENDAT OEEGONIAN, PORTLAOT, MAY 3, 1903. JDetered xi the Posteee.at Psrtlu, Ongsa. as eeconfi-clajs matter. REVISED SUBSCRIEPTIOK BATES. Br Mail (postage prepaid. In advance) Uallr. with Sunday, per month $0.&5 Solly, Sunday excepted, per year. 7.BO 3lly. with Sunday, per year. .. 8.00 Snday, per year 2.00 The "Weekly, per year 1-K The Weekly, S months 50 To City Subscribers Dlilr rr n-iv iiivt-m4 Smnl ezeented.lDO JDaily, per week, delivered. Sunday lncluded.20c POSTAGE BATES. United States. Canada and Mexico- SO to 14-page papr.. 16 16 30-page paper J 82 to 44-page paper ............ ......--...Sc -Foreign rates double. Xews or discussion Intended for publication in The Oregonlan should be 'addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the nam any Individual. Letters wlatlng to adver tising, subscription or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Tho Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici tation. No stamps should be inclosed for this purpose. Eastern Business Office. 43, 44. -43, 47. 48. Tribune building. New York City: 010-11-12 Tribune building. Chicago; the S. C Beckwlth Special Agency, Eastern representative. Tor sale in San Francisco by L. E. Lee, Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 238 Sutter street; F. W. Pitts. 1008 Market street: 3. K. Cooper Co.. 74ft Market street, Bear the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news tand; Frank Scott, 80 Ellis street, and N. WheaUey. 813 Mission street. For sale In Xos Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 250 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. M6 South Spring street. For sale in Kansas City. Mo., by Blcksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and "Walnut streets. For salt in Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. SIT Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald. S3 Washington street. For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1612 Farnam street; Megeath Stationery Co., 130S "ffarnam street. For sale In Ogden by IV. G. Kind. 114 25th street. Jas. H. CrockwelL 242 25th street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co., 77 West Second South street. For Bale in Washington. D. C by the "Ebbett House news stand. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & I Xttidrick, 806-012 Seventeenth etreet; Louthan Jackson Book & Stationery Co.. Fifteenth and Lawrence streets; A. Series. Sixteenth and Curtis streets. "YESTERDAY'S WEATHER "Maximum- tem- perature, 74; minimum temperature. 4G; pre- ielpitatlon. 0. TODAY'S WEATHER Fair; winds mostly I northerly. PORTLAND, SUNDAY, MAY 3, 1003. THE LABOR. FEDERATION AND THE FAIR. It cannot be supposed that the Fed Iteration of Labor Is earnest, serious or I resolved In the purpose It has declared to defeat If it can the Lewis and Clark Centennial. The proclamation is used las a weapon in the cause of the unions, In the, labor contest now going on in Portland. Many of the members of the union doubtless will sign the petition for the referendum. Very few will vote against the act in the follpwing elec tion. For the wage-workers can less afford it than those whom they would punish, and they know it. It is common knowledge that those Iwho have subscribed the greater part Df the money for the Centennial, and those who would pay the greater part lor the state tax to support it, never lave been from the first, are not low, enthusiastic for the Centennial celebration and Exposition. They have idertaken it from a sense of public luty; they have made their own views to the utility of the undertaking sub- srdlnate to a desire to help forward a project which appeared to be popular id to be wanted by the great body of le people. They feel, however, now iat if, after all, it should not be ited, they can yield, give It up, sac rifice what they have paid in, accept le veto as deliverance from further ibor and trouble, and rest content. The Federation of Labor has put for- Fard this proclamation against the Fair an act of retaliation and revenge. t Is openly avowed. Yet defeat or Failure of the Fair would hurt the wage- rorkers more than all others. Owners Df property, men established In busl- less, can wait, though undoubtedly ley would be glad to have an active justness season. Most whose capital their labor unfortunately are not so rell prepared for the consequences of ldustrial stagnation. The Fair would lploy a large body of labor. Four- tths of all the money will go to labor. lirectly or indirectly; and the Federa- lon of Labor, in taking this step. strikes at itself. It Is like Saturn de vouring his own children. Men who link they may or can revenge them- slyes on the city commit a mistake. len may injure others or destroy Rhemselves, but Portland cannot be de stroyed, nor seriously harmed. No ef fort of man, in one direction or an- ther, can stop her progress. The city rill continue to grow, and faster than ever, through sheer operation of the Corces within and around it The lives which any body of citizens may bh&rpen against the city will always turned against themselves; no cause, d or bad, ever was served by retal- Iatlon or revenge; and wrecks on the cks of retaliation and revenge are strewn all along the banks and shoals uf time. The Oregonlan Is aware that this does lot meet the points of contention be tween labor and employers. But It Is inly by those In Immediate Interest that lese points" can be dealt with. And lothlng Is to be gained by exchange of philippics between them. Blasts and counter-blasts only Inflame the corn- ion rage. Such questions as those sed between these contending parties squire sober treatment. Yet the pre cise facts are difficult of ascertainment. side thus far refuses to meet the other on the vital issues; and each con- rents Itself with denunciation of the bther, while the Fair becomes the butt kf the contest between them. That there Is Increased cost of living, as compared wtth the cost a few years ago. rill not be denied. Nor is the wage icale the main contention between the jiartles. On the one side Is insistence in the right to employ workmen rhether they belong to a union or not; n the other is denial of it. All other parts of the dispute are merely rela- lve. This, so far, is Insoluble. But nothing is to be gained in such matter by accusation or recrlrnlna ion. The action taken by the mill len, on the one hand. Is not justified ky the action taken by the labor fed- ition on the other. Though the con- ltlon will work itself out, or wear it out, some way, because it must, It lught not to have involved the Centen- Fair, which belongs to the whole opto. Much more than the mere wel of Portland since preparations ive gone so fax is now involved In great historical, interstate and Na- llonal project The pride and reputa- 10n of Oregon are In It; and the Inter' sts of our wage-workers, though they ive uttered this fulmlnatlon against are just as deeply Involved in it as ire tnost ox t&e mercantile people, xuffcctarcts sad ownaxs ot real es- tate In Portland. Seldom or never Is that done wisely which Is done In pas sion or lor retaliation; and The Ore gonlan believes .that, In their sober second thought, the members of the Federation of Labor will think differ ently of this manifesto and support the appropriation for the Fair. If, how ever, they do not If they should suc ceed in defeating It they should not suppose that all the triumph will be on their side, and all the regret on the other. AGNOSTICISM FOR "CHILDREN. . There is no more vital relation of the modern agnosticism than its bearing upon the training of children. What Is to become of the rising generation If It is encouraged by fathers to dis believe in the religion of its mothers and grandparents and Sunday school teachers? For be it known that the average agnostic seldom has the full courage of his convictions. He wants none of these things for himself, but he likes to have his woman folk hold to the old faiths, and he thinks very well of religious training for his chil dren. He pays such poor compliment to his own superiority over "old wives' fables" and so on that he forbears to instil his own freedom in his descend ants; or, if you put it the other way, he fancies that fable is good enough for them,so that the reflection is, .after all, upon his own flesh and blood. This is a curious problem, and one which we do not remember to have seen discussed. 'Agnostics themselves are naturally slow to advertise their own inconsistency, and seem rather to pride themselves on their lack of logic It is with considerable Interest, there fore, that most will greet a paper in the International Journal of Ethics, by Mrs. Francis Darwin, on "The Reli gious Training of Children by Agnos tics." She correctly sets out the com mon attitude. Many agnostic fathers and mothers simply abdicate their func tion. They turn over the religious edu cation of their children to nurses or governesses or teachers. "We do not believe these things," they tacitly say, "but we do not know what to teach you, so we will pass you on to those who think they do." The careless parent Is also of this mood. Too many nominal believers allow ignorant or rash hands to sow all manner of strange seeds In the soil of their children's minds, which they themselves leave religiously un cultivated. But the especial disaster of the unbelieving father who surrenders his child's religious teaching to another Is that a wholly unnatural element is thereby brought Into family life. Child hood reposes a touching and beautiful confidence in the absolute wisdom of parents. Therefore, for them to stand aside, in presence of the deepest things of life to say, "We cannot talk to you about all that; you must believe what so and so tells you, though we cannot" Is to Introduce rupture and self-repression into the lives of chil dren, most unwholesomely. Mrs. Darwin does not approve this slipshod and dishonest line of conduct, and for a remedy she urges an atti tude at once more sincere and more sympathetic. She would have agnostic parents perfectly frank and free with their children. The latter must neces sarily be thrown into a world where creeds and dogmas are thrust upon them. These need not to be looked upon either with repulsion or with credulity, but should be interpreted, should be studied In their aim and ef fect their good rescued from their abuse. If fathers and mothers cannot teach children a positive creed, they can at least speak to them of the great symbols which the world professes, and can say something like the following: This is what many people believe to be tho truth; to whom It is sacred; try to understand the power belief has been and can "be, how It has had and still has Its xnarytrs and Its he roes; and while your whole soul may go out to what they have done and suffered and hoped. never for a moment think that your admira tion and reverence lor them obliges you to be lieve what they believe. But a "world Is shut to you If you do not make the effort to under stand and feel the beliefs of mankind. With out any effort a few years of life "will make you understand the Intolerance, the prejudice. the hypocrisy, the superstition of men, but un less you have insight into what lies behind Into their higher spiritual life often so repel lant and distorted on the surface the best part of life Is closed to you. It would be better not to have lived than to go through" the world never penetrating below Its crust, with eyes fixed on Its dreariness and superstition and mistakes. How sound this advice is, and how practical its application, all rationalist fathers and mothers must determine for themselves. But surely there must oc cur to the mind of every reader some noteworthy Instances of children ad mirably reared by unbelieving but de voutly practicing parents. The prime lesson; we should say, of Mrs. Darwin's suggestions is, after alt, that creed Is not the whole of training. The life of the parent Is more than his dogma. Saintly lives grow up all about us, much alike though planted in widely variant fields of religious thought It will be idle, evidently, for the shiftless parent to shield his lnefflcience behind the excuse that he has lost confidence in the old faiths. He has at least no excuse for loss of confidence in the old virtues. The agnostic's moral example and precept before his children are as Imperative as the believer's; perhaps more so, since he proposre to discard the old aids of emotion and the super natural. The training of children Is not made easier by abandonment of the Biblical standards. Perhaps it is harder. No honest mind should be con tent with the doctrine that children are to be made good by teaching them lies. MINE AND THINE. Before the Supreme Court, in session at Olympla last weekv a suit for libel brought against the Spokesman-Review by ex-Postmaster James F. Leghorn, of Spokane, fell to the ground. The newspaper had charged that Leghorn took $100 from the special postal fund and converted it to his own use. At the trial Leghorn admitted the fact, but declared that, because his bank happened to be closed for a holiday. he did not have access to his private funds; therefore he used 5100 belonging to the Government and restored the sum next day from his own money. The Supreme Court declared that the truth of the newspaper's assertion was established by Leghorn's own testi mony, and if he had been unable to obtain the money to make good the shortage he could not successfully have defended himself against the charge of embezzlement In these days of loose business meth ods which obtain In political offices, perhaps the act of Leghorn, condemned by the highest tribunal In the State of Washington, would not create a ripple of excitement nor even provoke un favorable comment among his associ ates. If it were known only In private. His "borrowing" money not. his own. foe twenty-four hours would, at the worst he considered a trifling irregu larity by men who lacked nice percep tion of "thine and mine." His stand ing, except" among men of highest financial honor, has probably suffered no marking down. The man who in youth learns the dif ference between bis own money, how ever acquired, and money he holds in trust will, if he have moral backbone, so conduct the trust that the strictest investigation, in his presence or in his absence, whether he is alive or dead, cannot fail to reveal a clean balance sheet Such a man never lays hold of trust funds. He does not for a mo ment mix his own money with the money he holds In his fiduciary ca pacity, either in his pocket or his cash box or his bank account There are a few lawyers who, when they receive from a- client a dollar or two and a half to pay a fee at the Courthouse, will not put the sliver In the same pocket with their own loose change. And there are others. Boys cannot begin too early to learn the distinction between "thine and mine." They should be taught that no exigency can arise under which they may appropriate to their own use the money of -their employer. Whether the Illicit borrowing is only till next morn ing or the end -of the week, or until pay day, no moral distinction can be drawn. It is embezzlement pure and simple, and every young man who Is the custodian of another's property must shun such an act as he would shun -smallpox. He may not be found out hut his moral features will there after disclose pits and scars. Even under stress of circumstances. young man, never allow yourself to yield, and offer to your conscience the dangerous balm, "Well, I can pay It back when the company pays me what It owes me." Suppose It Is medicine for your sick mother, or a present for your sister at her graduation, or help for some friend In trouble, or a sum mons late at night to a death bed In a neighboring or distant place. Don't touch "the company's money." Meet the emergency exactly as you would If you hadn't access to the trust fund. Don't break Into It any more than you would break Into a store and tap the till. Remember every moment in the day that this trust money Isn't yours, and that you must render an account for It The line between "thine and mine" Is strictly drawn. It Is nonelastic. You cannot bend rior stretch it without loss of honor. . One act like the Spokane Postmaster's may not wreck you, but It surely will dull your conscience, and, If repeated, must lead to disaster. Man kind accepts the command, "Thou shalt not steal." Under this generalization let every man Include temporary bor rowing from trust funds of which he is the custodian. HOW MAN BECAME 3IAN. An Oregon man has arisen to offer at least a plausible explanation of a long- debated and gravely doubted step In evolution. How was It that man lifted himself from the plane of the brute creation? This Is the question which has puzzled Inquirers, rejoiced skeptics and annoyed the high priests of the evolutional religion. An attempt to an swer it is put forward in the American Journal of Science by Dr. J. L. Wort- man, of Yale University. Dr. Wortman, as Is well known, was an Oregon prod uct being a brother of H. C. Wort- man, one of Portland's leading mer chants. His work at Yale, In the field of palaeontology, has attracted wide spread attention, and some of his most pronounced successes, like his perfee tlon of the fossil records of the horse from discoveries In the John Day re gion, have been based upon his Oregon researches. It is Dr. Wortman's opinion, which we shall content ourselves with an nounclng without adducing his evi dence In detail, that man was evolved from some form of the higher type of apes which had been trapped in South ern Europe or Asia by the advance of the Ice sheet In a glacial period, and so were forced to exert mental skill to save themselves from perishing under the new surroundings. Most of them. he believes, succumbed, but the an- thropoldal ancestors of man proved equal to the emergency by the exercise of qualities which began to dlfferen tlate them from brutes. Dr. Wortman bellev'tes that none of the present hy potheses provides sufficient reasons for the great step in evolution from the apelike creature to man. He Is led to look for some sudden change in the environment as the source of the prog' ress. This he finds In the shifting of climate that occurred at the Ice age, when the advancing glacial sheet drove the tropics south from the Arctic circle, No one has ever doubted, we believe, that the earth has been subject to a gradual cooling process which extends step by step from the poles toward the equator; but this hypothesis seems to have been so far denied its logical ap plication to the migration of animal species. Dr. Wortman, however, now adduces discoveries of fossils going to show that the origin of the higher forms of plant and animal life was In the ex treme "north at a time when the Arctic regions received tropical heat He be lieves the fossil evidence Indicates retreat of living things southward, In the course ofwhich they were scat tered over the Old and New World alike. For example, he believes he has found fossils of monkeys In Wyoming which were the progenitors of the mon keys of South America and which were closely related to the present aye-ayes of Madagascar. Similar species, he says, are found in deposits of the same age in the same latitudes in hoth heml- spheres. The monkeys, of course, took part In the general retreat southward through America, Europe and Asia: but while on this continent life was easy, owing to the equatorial habitat to which they soon repaired, in the Old World retreat was cut off by the seas. The advancing cold thus com pelled them to look to the ground for food and for fire, and the step from brute to man was begun. It is, not too much to expect of scl ence that some day It will have shown us how all these wonderful steps in progress have come about But In quiry will never be satisfied until we learn not only how, but also why. At every move in the cosmic procession the inquiring mind, on discovering how some chapter happened, is fain to de mand also why it should have hap pened. Why did the Himalaya apes choose to resist the advancing' cold rather than lie helplessly down and die? The beautiful plumage of tropic birds has been developed through long selection of the most beautiful spec! mens by discerning companions for mates. Very well: but why did the birds so persistently prefer the beauti ful plumage to the mediocre? The Uonesa guards her young against all comers, that the species may be perpetuated; but why should she be pos sessed by so fierce an altruistic pas sion? There is no rainbow or sunset glory except In the eye of man, no odor except in the nerves of the brain, no sound where there is none to hear. How these phenomena occur we are coming at length to know. But why the earth should have been peopled with beauty and delight why the breath of God should ever have moved at all upon the primordial nebula, why' the babe should have been formed to turn Instinctively to its mother's breast and the maiden to her hero's arms these are problems the fossils do not an swer, these are things that science can not telL ARROGANCE OF MEN IN PLACE. The Rev. Charles F. Dole, of, Jamaica Plain, N. Y., is a Unitarian clergyman who. In a recent -fine sermon on "The Arrogance of Men In Place," put his finger upon the peculiar and besetting disease of the successful. Arrogance is the expression that predominates In the portraits of the Assyrian and Egyptian Kings, and Is conspicuous in the lineaments of Alexander the Great The Greeks had a special word to des ignate the Insolence of tyrants. Epaml- nondas .alone among Greek Generals, and Caesar among Roman statesmen, seem to have been free from repulsive arrogance of speech and action. Alfred the Great and Cromwell among great Englishmen were not arrogant be cause they both were, pious men, who feared God too much to give wanton Insult to their fellow-men. Franklin, Washington and Lincoln were men of conscience and large brain, who always mingled personal modesty and kindness with their im pregnable self-possession, and Grant and Lee were equally eminent for per sonal modesty and freedom from lm- perlousness of temper. Arrogance Is the flaw In the diamond of Napoleon's genius. The proclamations of the Em peror of Germany are Instinct with re pulsive egotism and arrogance. Mr. Dole's argument Is that arro gance Is "a universal moral distemper which Is shown In the conduct and bearing and spirit of the rich to the poor, of the powerful to the feeble, of the Intellectual to the Ignorant multi tude, of the people of a certain color- toward other colors, often of the man to the woman, of one woman toward another less fortunate woman, of the teacher to his pupils." The most timely Illustration of the Injurious conse quences of arrogance' manifested by men In'place Is found In the arrogance exhibited by unscrupulous and over bearing rich men In pushing their self ish and corporate Interests. These ar rogant rich are clamorous for the stern enforcement of the laws that defend property, while they do not hesitate themselves to evade all laws that In terfere with the consummation of their selfish schemes. They behave as If they were the state and above the law. In all labor troubles arrogance plays a greater part than any question of hours or wages. John Mitchell more than once said that the great Pennsylvania coal strike was due more to the brutal arrogance of President Baer and his confederates than to any other single cause. The arrogance of priestcraft In all ages has quite matched the arrogance of soldiers and rulers, and today the ministerial profession Is always ex posed, says Mr. Dole, "'to the' worst of all moral diseases spiritual pride." There are both Philistines and Phari sees among the clergy, whether they speak from an orthodox or a "liberal" pulpit Mr. Dole holds that so far as any human being has real superiority he must arrogate nothing to himself. at the peril of losing what superiority he has. With arrogance, fatal dis ease saps the life of every kind of su periority. "The moment arrogance en ters the heart the light of goodness goes out" What our American democ racy badly needs to be taught is to treat all men with reference to the divine life that Is in them; not as machines. but as men, to look for the best in them and hope for the best not the worst We must keep our own law, and must never forget that we are all human together. "Arrogance lies at the root of all excluslveness, privilege and aristocracy. Modesty Is the soul of true democracy. Arrogance breaks up society. Modesty establishes It When the modest rise to the command of great business enterprises, they do not seek to grow rich; they are content If they can enrich the world. Arro gance divides men from each other, runs the line of classes through soci ety, breeds bitterness and envy. It creates friction between employers and employed, and adds burdens and loss tn human labor." This is substantially the argument of Mr. Dole' in his remarkable sermoh concerning arrogance as the universal fatal disease of men In place, It Is fatal because It Is the brutal pride that Is the prophet of Its own fall. It Is the or ganized, aggressive selfishness that stimulates Insurrections and resistance to Its- authority, and slowly but surely undermines Its strongest support It Is easy to whistle down the wind this philosophy of Mr. Dole .as a barren Ideality, an altruistic aspiration, the most recent echo of the oracles of Uto pla. But this eloquent preacher is cor rect in his high estimate of human sympathy as a most powerful and ef fective social force for weal or woe In the every-day working world. The hu man personality manifested by a strong and sweet man among his fellows is a social dynamic worth all the rest of the forces Included In the economy of human life. One man of strong, ra diant helpful nature Is worth more through the contagious influence and persuasion of his wise, just, humane, Impressive personality than all the so cial cranks and political charlatans that have plagued the world from the dawn of authentic history to the present hour. The only sure way to reform social wrongs and Industrial abuses, to help the world out of satanlc darkness to ward the blessed light of better things, is for every man to try to reform him self; to make himself helpful by seek ing to make others hopeful. No social machinery, however ingenious, how ever well equipped with business meth ods, will ever do much for this world without the application of Christ's shoulder to the wheel. In shape of sym pathetic, humane personality, mani fested in the life, speech and action of every man who sincerely believes that "God has organized the race once and forever under the order of human brotherhood." This spirit and. only this spirit which substitutes men of modesty for men of arrogance in place, can help us to a nobler and purer social state. It ts the virtuous, active personal power of the nonarrogant man of rood will among men .whose warmth the world lacks today, not social ma chinery for extirpating, by sudden. trenchant stroke, vice, ignorance, pov erty; and crime; It is not the man who merely .gives money out of his great abundance that the world heed3 most It is the man that, 'without arrogance, modestly devotes something of his per sonal life to noble ends. Not -what we give, but what we share For the gift without the giver is bare; -Who gives himself -with his alma feeds three Himself, his hungering neighbor, and me. There are two periods In human life in which appeal for mercy to the wrongdoer is well placed and seldom falls to be effective. The one Is ex treme youth, the other extreme age. In the latter case the honorable achieve ments of a lifetime have weight in the former the possible achievement of coming years is considered; In the one the irresponsibility of judgment that comes with the pressure of years miti gates to the judicial mind the enormity of the offense; in the other the lack of responsibility due to Immaturity Is the mitigating circumstance. The Judge who suspends sentence In a case where a boy Is the offender, pending reforma tory effort In his behalf, or the Gov ernor who pardons a criminal under going penalty In the state's prison be cause of his youth and of the possi bility ot the development of honorable manhood, Is upheld In the act by public opinion, while the aged man of pre viously honorable life may well be ex cused from severe penalty because of the fact that-his opportunities for evil are nearly at an end. In this latter view, Judge James N. Tyner, recently dishonorably dismissed from the Gov ernment service, and now in a state of physical and nervous collapse from the strain that the scandal with which his name is connected has Induced, may well be left to such repose as tired Na ture gives during his few remaining days or months. A feeble old man, he was no doubt, the sport and play of younger minds, and whatever his crime. the dishonored end of a long life of pub lic service will be sufficient punish ment The fault lies not so much with him as with the lack of judgment in high places that kept him in office long after he was entitled to .the security of an old man's quiet corner by his own fireside. It Is asserted that higher rents have resulted from the proposition for the Fair; In other words, that owners of real estate are using the Fair as the means of "working a graft" and of op pressing . tenants. Therefore the Fed eration of Labor strikes at the Fair. But here, as in most cases, something remains to be said on the other side. Rents doubtless have been somewhat advanced. But there is no good reason to suppose that the proposal for the Fair Is the cause of it During the past two years nothing, or ' next to nothing, has been had out of rents in Portland. In 1833-94 rents in Portland suddenly fell off one-half, or more. In all these ten years since there has been no profit In real property. Few have been able to get out of reaL property the public charges and the cost of re pairs. With the very first movement rents were bound to advance. But as a rule, they have not yet advanced to a point where they pay any actual profit Rents In Portland are still far below the old figures, when there was profit In property, and may never again reach them. There is idle money In Portland by millions. If there were profits In rents, this money would come out Thousands of persons in Portland have money enough in bank to build them houses to live in, but don't build the houses. They prefer to rent, be cause they think it better economy to do so. And many rich people rent for the same reason, rather than build their own houses M. Jusserand, the Ambassador of the French republic at Washington, who made a fine address at the St Louis Exposition on Friday, Is a man of high literary as well as diplomatic distlnc tlon. No Frenchman since Faure's death has shown himself so conversant with English literature as M. Jusserand, and no Englishman has shown himself so thoroughly acquainted with the so cial life and literature of England In the fourteenth century, the age of "the black death" and the serfs' uprising, of Wycllffe, Edward in and Chaucer. His latest book, just published in Amer ica, Is "Shakespeare In France," which presents a review of the reception which Shakespeare had encountered in France from the close of the reign of Queen Elizabeth down to the present time. Of this the New York Sun critic, M. W. Hazel tine, says that ."the au thor's command of the English lan guage is not more remarkable than his familiarity with the history of the Eng lish stage." Before his appointment to Washington. M. Jusserand was the French Ambassador at Copenhagen. The admission by J. Plerpont Morgan that the market is filled with undi gested securities has furnished a theme upon which financial and industrial writers are working vigorously. The financial editor of the New York Herald, for example, after a careful investlga tlon, finds that the funds that come under this head aggregate no less than S2.000.000.000. 'This means that this amount remains in the hands of pro moters and underwriting syndicates. unable to find Investment The Mor gan list alone represents of undigested securities 3655,000,000, to which may be added the stocks known as industrials to the amount, of ?780,OOOv00O, and un taken "railroads" representing $405,- 000,000 An "undigested financial mass of this magnitude may well be regarded as a menace to the prosperity which it represents, but cannot feed. The story of the feeble "old 'un" who gives away In his last days, all of hl3 possessions toa sympathetic or other wise designing person is as old as the history of property accumulations. It is In one respect like an unsuitable mar riageno one knows or can imagine why and wherefore the suffering party could have been so foolish as to make such a one-sided bargain. In yet an other respect there Is a similarity In the two cases the lesson conveyed does no sort of good.' Old peop'le will continue to deliver themselves Into des titution, and young people Into incon 'gruous marriage, regardless of dlsas ters following such ill-considered ac tion, the details ot which are . spread upon the court records In every com munity throughout the land. Shoald Also Be Indorsed. Albany Democrat Having been put out of the office of Commissioner, Miss Ware, of Eugene, would xa&ke an -excellent running-mate for Mr. Hermann, and would have no trouble In, proving that she is pat with tha Admlaitra.tkm.. THE' QUESTION OP ATTENDANCE. In his final report to the board of direct ors, the secretary of the Omaha Exposi tion had this to say: In closing, it is hut Just to call attention to the fact that the success of the exposition was ue to the feeling, general -among our people. that It wa3 their exposition; that they each had a proprietary and prldeful interest In It. The Omaha Exposition was the com mon property and the pride of the Trans Mlsslssippl people. They gave it their support, and it proved to be one ot the most successful undertakings in the his tory of expositions, returning 90 per cent to the paid-up stockholders. The Lewis and Clark Exposition will be the common property and the pride of the Rocky. Mountain people In general, and of the Oregon Country In particular. They will support it with their patronage as they are now encouraging it with their influ ence and appropriations, and it will take its place among the notable achievements of Western enterprise. That many states cast of the Mississippi will be friendly to the exposition Is foresbadowed by the early decision of North Dakota and Min nesota to participate. No exposition has ever had a smooth and easy path from start to finish. A Chicago Commission which visited Great Britain In 1S91 met frequent doubts as to the possibility of holding a great inter national exposition at a point a thousand miles west of the Atlantic seaboard. San Francisco's fender against the shock of the hard times ten years ago was dubbed In Its initial stages the "Mud-Winter Ex position," and only the enterprise and grit of M. H. DeYoung made It go. There were pullbacks at Omaha, but they were soon brushed aside. Every exposition has had Its dollars and cents Ecrutinlzers who have raised their hands in dismay at the cost and, "Where are you going to get the financial resources for your com pany?" one element will ask, and another will demand, "Where are you going to get your attendance after your gates are opened?" Happily, the Lewis and Clark Exposi tion has passed through most of its form ative stages and the directors are now en abled to give attention to the question of probable attendance. An estimate sub mitted to tho ways and means committee by SecretaryTReed puts tho paid admlnls sion3 at 800,000, of which 87t per cent are adult or over 12 years of age, and 124 child, or from 6 to 32 years of age. By some this figure Is thought to be too low. by others too high, and by still others to bo about right, so that there are various ways of looking at it A close examina tion of the estimate would seem to justify the belief that it Is within bounds. For the purpose of this computation it is fig ured that tho exposition population, that is, the population over 12 years of age, of Oregon, California, Washington, Idaho, Montana and Utah, In 15(6, will approxi mate 3,000,000. as compared with about 2,250,000 In 1300. These states will furnish the bulk of the attendance. In Oregon the population over 12 "years of age in 1900 was 73.3 per cent of the total, in Califor nia 73 per cent, in Washington 71.9 per cent in Idaho 67.9 per cent, in Montana 73.8 per cent and in Utah 64 per cent Portland is expected to furnish 650,000 paid admissions, an average ot little over four per Inhabitant, assuming that the population of the city In 1903 will some what exceed the conservative estimate of 15O.C00. Oregon, outside of Portland, is counted on for 100.000 paid admissions, and the remainder of the states named for a total of 50,000 paid admissions. Ia the leisure and fun-loving spirit of Portland sufficiently developed to justify an estimated average- of four paid admis sions per inhabitant from It for the Lewis and Clark Exposition In 1905? The gen erous patronage given to theatricals, mu- slcales and sports would seem to call for an affirmative answer. Portland does not run after everything that comes along, but It does not miss the good things. whether Madam Bernhardt or the Los Angeles baseballists, and the exposition will be a good thing. Granted that Port land will not let good things pass, has It a working population earning the money to pay for all this leisure and enjoyment? The answer to this question Is partly found In the statistics of manufactures, census of 1900. In respect to percentage of population over 10 years ot age engaged in gainful occupations, Portland, with 61.8 per cent ranks fourth among American cities. Comparison with other cities in which expositions have been held makes the showing very favorable to Portland. Buffalo reported 49J5 per cent Omaha 56.4, San Francisco 56.7, Chicago 53.4. Charles ton 55.5, Atlanta 56.5, New Orleans 49,5, and Philadelphia 54.9. In- the matter of average annual wages of wage-earners In factories, San Francisco led with $527, Portland $507, Omaha $505, Chicago $500, Buffalo $459, Philadelphia $453, New Or leans $393. Atlanta $332 and Charleston $296. Charleston, the most complete and disas trous failure of all the expositions, played to a white population that "was tempo rarily broke and a colored population that never had a cent. In 1900 Portland has 3500 more wage earners than Charleston, 1000 more than Omaha and about 800 less than Atlanta. In the matter of salaries, of salaried clerks and officials, Portland reported an annual average of $101S, com pared with $S75 for Buffalo, $S34 for Oma ha, $1143 for San Francisco, $3S2 for Chicago, $10S6 for Charleston, $1002 for Atlanta. $990 for New Orleans and $1054 for Philadelphia In re spect to percentage of population engaged In gainful occupations and earning capac ity of the great body of workers, Portland Is a better exposition town than any other place in the United States in which an ex position of pretensions has ever been held, Let the people profit by the Omaha lea- son and make the Lewis and Clark Exposition their .Exposition. The 1905 Fair Is not local, but National and international. It is Portland's Ex position only so far as It was Port land's duty, as, the chief city of the "Ore gon country, to finance the local company and set the enterprise on It3 feet In all other respects It is the exposition ot the people of the Oregon country, and they should have a "proprietary and prldeful Interest in it" from now until the dose of the gates in 1905. The Army- and Its Chief. Fairhaven Herald. It is such a feeble echo of the embalmed beef campaign as to show the advance of senile decay in Miles. He Journeyed about la grand state from point to point throughout the Philippines, llstend to some tale of woe from every old crone he could find, and comes home to report like an old woman, tne vague stories floating In the islands of the Orient It is a pitiful fizzle for starting a Presidential boom. It Is a pitiful fizzle for the secret emissary of Edward Atkinson's1 army of tadpoles. It is a performance fit to make the Amer. L lean people ashamed of the nominal chief or tneir Army ana maxe mem rejoice inn he i3 rapidly nearing the age limit that will retire him to private Hie and give him a chance to spend his whole time In his favorite occupation of posing for his photograph. N0TEAND COMMENT For ohca in our lives we didn't hayeto celebrate May day with our mackintoshes on. The fans need not be discouraged.' The academic baseball teams are playing good " ball. Better Include a drive up Roosevelt street in the itinerary of the President's parade. Turtle Mountain, at Frank, N. W. T., was simply living up to Its namo when it turned turtle. Dallas has had another oratorical con-, test, and In a few days we will begin .to hear about "gross and culpable careless ness" again. It's pretty near time for tho Board of Trade to butt Into the strike question with a few resolutions from the able typewriter of Hon. Tom Gulnean. Seattle has a Burdlck case all of her own, with several victims, and a long list of suspects. Next on the programme will be an auto accident Now that Andrew Carnegie has loos ened up to Tuskegee College to the ex tent of $600,000, Booker T. Washington need not dine with the President again. He will be able to take in Delmonlco's. The set of messages and papers of the Presidents of the United States, sent to the pope by the President has reached its destination. It is in ten quarto volumes. We may look for an early decline In His Holiness health If he undertakes to read the books. The guest from the city sat In the bed room that had been allotted to him in his brother's house In the little country town. He watched his breath turning to icy clouds as It left his lungs, and wondered how long It took a man to freeze to death. "They call this the ''spare room,' " ha slid, shlveringly, to himself. "And It's well named. I don't wonder they can spare it I think that I could get along without it myself." They are Joshing President Boardman, of the college, says the Yamhill County Reporter He was hearing a class recite the other day, and asked the ques tion: 'Where Is the proper place to pun ish a child?" The answer should have been: "In private rather than in public." But the young lady to whom the question was addressed had not studied her les son that morning and blushlngly replied: "On the lower limbs." The United States Board of Geograph ical Names has now decided that Peking is the correct form in English to indi cate the" northern capital of China. Pe- kin had always been spelled with a "g" from the first treaties ot 1S53 and 1860 down to February 3, 1897, when the board decided to shorten it to the Cantonese dialect sound, "Pekln." The reversal of the decision Is mainly due to Miss E. R. Scldmore, who has spent a long time in the Far East, and who brought so much evidence in favor of "Peking" that the board could not do otherwise than readopt the name. Henry White, American Charge d' Af faires in London, feels much satisfaction because of his election as a member, of the Athenaeum Club, among the most ex clusive in the British capital. In fact a membership therein confers a badge of distinction. Many famous Englishmen of letters have been members, including Macaulay, Thackeray and Dickens. A number of distinguished churchmen be long to the club now, and this moved Lord Salisbury to remark on one occa sion that he never dared take an um brella to the Athanaeum because' he 'couldn't trust the bishops."' William Dean Howells was recently talking about the slight change of phrase that may make an Impressive thing ridic ulous. "I remember a sermon that I heard," he said, "In my boyhood. It was a sermon about Judas, and the minister, after reading to us how Judas betrayed the Master for 30 pieces of silver, added: Thirty pieces of silver, dear friends, Is $1S In our money.' And then he went on heatedly: Yes, Judas betrayed the Mas ter, he prostituted that holy symbol, the kiss, for the small sum of $18 The change of phrase was slight" Mr. Howells con cluded, "but somehow It sufficed to make everybody smile." The following Interesting account of the Western Lumber Company's fire was printed in the Walla Walla Evening Statesman. One Item wag unintentionally correct, the statement 'of the loss. It might also be said that the 0 laborers are still missing: Portland, May L The entire lumber district along the water front Is burning. Six lumber mills, several factories and a number ,of dwell ing have been destroyed. The Immense tanta of the Standard Oil Company are threatened. A boiler exploded and two men are reported killed and three fatally hurt. This Is the 20th supposed-to-be incendiary fire within 30 days. The loss Is $260,000. The insurance is $00,000. Sixty employes fighting the fire were cut off by a sudden burst of flames, and were seen to jump on the logs underneath and disappear In the smoke. They are still missing. A tall and athletic-looking man. sun tanned and wearing a sombrero, said to a Senate doorkeeper a day or two before the session ended: "I want to see Sen ator Quay." The doorkeeper, rather im pressed with the tall man's appearance, stammered: "The Senate Is very busy now, and Tm "afraid the Senator can't come out and talk to you." "I don't want to talk to him. I only want to see the nobis features of the man who has been fighting for statehood. I'm from Arizo na." He was shown into the gallery by a page, who pointed out the Pennsylvania statesman. The Arizona" man gazed long and earnestly. Then he said sadly to the him. He don't Impress me none." The Sick Child. He for whom the world was made Cannot lift his heavy head. All its pretty curia puffed out. Burnt with fevers, parched, with drought. He the tyrant,-whlmflical. ' With the round world for his 'ball. - - i In a dreadful patience lies, - -. Old elnce yesterday and wise. - Xlke a martyr on the rack Smiles, his soft lips burnt to black,, r While the fever still devours k ; His small body, sweet as flowers. : "; Dreadful patience like a sword Stab3 his mother's heart, dear Lord; Make him naughty, wild and gay. As he was but yesterday. Little services he jays V " With his kls3ea and his praisj . - , While his eyes ask pardon still That he's troublesome and 111. Ha lies smiling with & fire In bis cheeks blown high and higher, By the wind of iever fanned. Lord, his kisses bn my hand I " Give' me back my boy. I'pray. - . Turbulent, ot yesterday. Not this angel, lflce- a sword In his mother's heart, dear Lordl ,atharlM Tynan la Losdoa Spectator.