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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 3, 1902)
32 THE SUNDAY (OBEGQNIAX,- PORTLAND AUGUST 3, 1902. ETHICAL TALKS By g ANp THE LAITCJ rE love of self Is the radical passion of human nature. It Is the love of life, and of that Tjhjch constitutes the good of life, and it is strongest In those vcho are most alive, in whom the vital current is deepest 'and mightiest. It Is the inner source of 6trcngth in high and heroic souls, whether they seek and utter themselves in word or in deed, whether they strive for fame or lor power or for union with God through faith rand devotion to truth and righteous ness. Whatever the aim and the means, the end all menpropose and follow is their own happiness, a more intense and en during sense of their .own life. Personality is enrooted In the love of self, and the higher the person the more completely does he Identify himself with all that is other than himself. Savages in their feeble attempts to think, con eider things to be self-existent, each stand ing apart and Independent, and hence the lovo of self is in them a selfish love. As they are Incapable of perceiving that their relations to nature and to society are es sential elements of their being, they im agine that the good of life for each one is separable from the general welfare. Hence they easily become cruel, treach erous and revengeful. They lack human ity; they are the victims of Instinct and Impulse. They have the kind of social sense which is found in gregarious ani mals, but they are unable to ascend to the conception of the universal law which binds the whole race into a brotherhood. The degree In which individuals and so cieties rise above this separateness of childish and savage thought Is a measure of the degree of their progress in religion and civilization. All advance is ascent RELIGION Is the foundation of all human life. On the foundation of religion rests all work, all our ac tivity, and it Is therefore evident that education that Is, the preparation of man for life and activity must be founded on religion. But in our so-called civilized world re ligion is not only not recognized as the center irom which all education must start; it 1.9 not considered necessary or even important, but simply looked upon as superfluous and antiquated, a tradition left to us by our uneducated ancestor, a thing in which no up-to-date man be lieves, and for this reason .It is . not thought advisable to teach religion In our schools. It is easy to see that under these conditions education is of no value, and to get any results we must make an en tirely new departure and conduct our ed ucation along- very different lines. At the bottom of all education must be a foundation of religion, a religious doc trine formulated eo that it will be suited to every human being, regardless of class and. nationality. It is evident that this religious doctrine can be neither Catholicism nor Protest antism nor Mohammedanism nor Judaism nor Buddhism religions that all, without exception, are founded upon confidence in certain prophets. The religion that I think of must be justified by reason, by our best feelings as to what is right, and by our personal experience. And this doctrine is the Christian doctrine In its most beautiful, most slmble and most sensible form. The religious base of life consists In this: That our life has no other purpose than to accomplish the will of the Eter nal Principle of which we are all a part, and the will of this Principle, that we are used to call God, 1s to bring all human beings together, to make them feel that they are all united in "one great family, and all our actions In life should be guided by love, by patience and by char lty. Love, charity and a feeling of reciproci ty are the working forces of life, because .they express the will of the Principle, of ithe Providence that rules and guides the ' "world and that is the keystone of our whole existence. All education that is of any value should not onlv be built on this Principle, Jmt it should be continually guiaed by It, j Everything in education that tends to cre ate and strengthen love and brotherly ' feelings toward all humanity should be .encouraged, and everything that works I against these feelings should be thrown out, eliminated and abolished. "What is, then, education, and of what does It consist? , .To answer this question it is necessary to look deeper Into the qualities of hu man activity. The quality of human activity la such, as all psychologists know, that If a per ison is In a hypnotic state, or if he is an idiot that Is, if he has- no inner motive ; of activity he will act upon the first in spiration that comes to hum In most cases he will imitate what he sees around REWARD OF HEROES: BRITAIN THOSE who have watched the Boer War In South Africa, and the won derful leadership of Lord Kitchener and his matchless management of the campaigns of the English army against the Boers, and his marked ability as a diplomatist when authorized to act for his government are gratified to see that England appreciates his services. The welcome accorded him on his ar rival was equal to that ever extended to the most powerful potentate that has ever entered that city. The magnificent ly decorated railway depot the presence of the Prince of Wales, representing the bed-ridden King; the long train of offi cials, from the highest to the lowest; and the multitudes of cheering people along the route from Paddlngton Sta tion to St James's Palace, including tho 'presence of the Queen and the Princesses on one of the balconies of Buckingham Palace as the procession passed, must have convinced the retnrnlng conqueror that he would be welt repaid for f the service he had rendered his country. He and his Generals were received with the wildest manifestations of gratitude from all classes. Those who have blun dered have not been held up to ridicule; those who had not are Idolized. From the banquet at St James's, where the Prince of Wales again represented King TRUE LOVE OF SELF BY RT. REV. BISHOP J. L. SPAULDING from the primitive and superficial" self toward the true self which Is bora of the union of the soul with truth, Justice and love. It is a process of self-estrangement, of self-denial, or self-abandonment. . They alone enter the land of promise who auit the low and narrow house of their early thoughts and desires and struggle with ceaseless effort and Impa tience to reach the kingdom which Is founded on the eternal principles of right eousness. In isolation the individual Is never great or impressive. To be so he must Identify himself with truth, justice and love. He must feel that lie lives and battles for all that Is good and noble in -some cause which is not merely his own, but that of mankind. He could never become man at all were it not for the society and help of his fel lows. The human child would perish at once were it not received at birth Into the arms of Intelligence and love, and Its pro longed Infancy wonld issue in nothing higher than savagery, were It not fostered by beings In whom Instinct has been super seded by reflection and the sense of re sponsibility. - The Individual enlers the world as the heir of all time. For him the race has suffered and. groped and tolled through ages that have sunk Into oblivion. Tor him countless generallons'.h'avefashloned language-rthe social organ into an Instru ment fitted to express All he can - f eol or know- The clothes he wears,- the house that shelters and makes him self-respecting,. everj' Implement he uses, every contriv ance that ministers to his comfort and se curltiy have been fashioned in the process of unnumbered centuries by the pains and EDUCATION AND INSTRUCTION BY COUNT LEO TOLSTOY him, or repeat what he has done before, or he will obey the words of another, without any reasoning. Tell him to walk, and he will walk until he runs up against a wall, and even then he will continue moving his feet as if he were still walk ing. -If you give him a spoon he will put it in his mouth and take it out again un til you take it away from him. We all know that hypnotized persons and Idiots will act In this way, but even all intelli gent persons possess the inclination to act upon the suggestion of others or upon what we call unconscious Inner sugges tion. If you think of a certain word for soma time, and your attention is attracted to something else, you will very often catch yourself repeating the word jou were originally thinking of over and over again, and it is exactly the samo way with our acts. This quality, that seems to us so piti ful in the Idiot, is really a. most Impor tant and necessary quality for all of us. If we had to think over our smallest acts we should never be able to conceive new Ideas or to solve the scientific ques tions of life. Even the capacity to submit' to outside or half-conscloue inner inspira tion or suggestion .gives to man the op portunity and possibility of thought. It is only a comparatively small part of our acts that we perform consciously; we mostly act. upon personal or foreign sug gestion. The more morally strong a person Is the less he obeys outside suggestions and the more his own personal Inspirations. The older he is the less he acts upon the sug gestions of others, and the younger he Is the more apt he la to follow their advice. All education is based upon this fact The capacity of children to act entirely upon suggestion makes them absolutely dependent on grown persons, and It la therefore readily seen how very impor tant It Is that they should be kept away from lying and false influences and only allowed to receive goodand true Inspira tions. Everything that is part of a child's edu cation, from prayers, fairy tales arid mathematics to the forming of judgment of others, pronouncing some "persons good and others bad, is effected and transmit ted by suggestion. Everything that we teach 'children in tentionally, scientific facts or the differ ent trades, is conscious inspiration, and everything that children imitate In our life and acts, in fixing the boundary Una between good and bad, is unconscious in spiration. Conscious suggestion is what we call instruction, while unconscious suggestion Is what we. In a narrower sense, call education. But which I Bhall call enlight enment to distinguish It from the general term, education, which Includes both forms of suggestion. In our modern society all our efforts IP in the direction of Instruction, while en lightenment because our whole life Is bad and false. Is sorely neglected. BY MRS. J. A. LOGAN Edward, the Cabinet and the nobility of England were glad to. do them honor. Lord, Kitchener was escorted to Buck ingham Palace and, ushered into the presence of King Edward, who, as he lay on his bed, grasped the hand of Kitchener warmly, and In the most cor dial manner expressed his delight to welcome him home after his glorious achievements, ancT conferred upon him the medal' of the new Order of Merit From this interview he returned to St James's, the crowd still following him. giving vent to their admiration by tho most extravagant expressions of hero worship. Parliament had-already given him $250, 000, thus making him independent for the remainder of his life, to say nothing of his pay and allowance as tho highest officer in active service in the English army. The Spanish-American War has been attended with hardships and sacrifices equal to any experienced in South Africa. Our officers and men have displayed really greater courage and more for bearance on account of the more savage enemy in the Philippines, and yet these who most distinguished themselves in the field and in dealing With, those treach erous Filipinos have received nothing but the promotions to which they waro en privations, by the .sufferings and deaths of peoples and tribes to whose labors he gives no heed. If he is "born Into a .world where religion, science and morality, law, order and lib erty make It posslbhWhathe should lead a life of reverence, wisdom and purity, should have rights and possessions which are defended by public opinion and the power of the combined strength of all. where his home is sacred, where his con science 1b respected, where opportunity for-the exercise of every talent is given, he owes all this not to himselfj but to others. 1 He can have no real importance unless he ally himself with truth and justice and love, the knowledge and practice of which are within his reach, because he is. a mem ber of a social organism. He is not self made, he Is a product of all the universe from the beginning. He partakes of what nature provides, and he gathers the fruits of -the sects that saints and sages and heroes have sown up and down the worrd from immemorial ages.' . He Is ma"d"e "strong and enduring by the struggles and labors of the race to which he belongs. For him the martyrs have died, for him the poets, have sung, forhlmfthe patient. tireless investigators haye rcyealfd the se-4 crets which "have given to the mind control of the forces that lie. In the heavens and In the earth. Mankind has lived for him; It is hfe duty to live for whomsoever he can help. HJs proper home Is above nature In the domain of reason, in the realm -of freedom, in the kingdom of righteousness. In the spiritual world where that which we communicate becomes doubly our own, where knowledge begets knowledge, where love kindles love, where charljy burns the more, the "We all try more or less to' "keep away from our children the knowledge of our life as It really Is, and for this reason we put them away In schools and institutes where they do not see anything of the outside life, and where we, or the edu cators that we give them, transfer to the conscious domain things which ought to be taught them by unconscious sugges tion. We give, them religious and moral rules that we want them' to follow, while. if we were honest 'we ought to add, "Dp as I say; not as I do." The result is, therefore. In modern so ciety, that education stands very high, while enlightenment not only stands low, but is entirely absent If it does exist anywhere. It is only In the families of the laboring classes and among the poor. If the members of these families are not yet subject to the vices that very often result from poverty. And still, if we, think of it and com pare jhe two form of suggestion, the lat terthat Is. the unconscious moral en lightenment Is fcy far the most important as well for children and Individuals as for the whole human society. Let us take the family of a middle class, of a landed proprietor, a farmer, a gov ernment officer, or even of an author or pahiter. It lives a quiet respectable life, does not fall a victim to Jhe vice of drunkenness,' and does not offend the moral feelings of any one. The parents think very much of their respectability, and wish to give their children a moral education. But In spite of sincere de sire. In spite of all efforts, this educa tion is never a success. The children are taught the rules bf morality, they are taught to respect their neighbor, but unconsciously, they not only imitate but adopt as a rule the fact that. some people are born to soil shoes and others to clean them; some people to prepare the meals and others to eat them. It is just as imposlsble tp inspire children who live under such circumstances with the true conception of morality as it Is to bring up in' love, in sobriety, a child that, only see's drunkards around hlmselt To give our children a good education we should first of all set them a good example, and I believe that the criterion that the perfectionists -use is a good one. I believe It a good idea to look up the most unhappy men, the most repulsive morally and physically, and to try to help them. I believe It a good Idea to try to do well to your enemies who hate you. I writ this Just as the Ideas come to my mind; but I believe that It is a very important and so far untried part of the science of education, thing that is abso lutely necessary to obtain good results, and the sooner we realize this and carry it out in practice the better for us all. This Is In broad lines what I think of education, and I shall now try to explain what I think of instruction. I think this, that instruction is nothing but transmission of the experiences that the best or the most intelligent people have made or of the thoughts that they UNITED STATES titled in the simplest Justice, others be ing overlooked altogether, and, because of the clamor of political demagogues, have been humiliated by reprimands. The return oCOtis, MacArthur, Bates and Wheaton. whose command of the last named was the first to cripple and finally capture Agulnaldo, returns with out tho slightest demonstration on the part of the Government or the people 'of appreciation of their heroic service in a tropical climate, where for more than two years they have been exposed to the most trying ordeals from climatic influences and bitter hardships on ac count of the wiles and treachery of un worthy foes, their tardy promotions be ing given them only on the eve of their retirement on account of age, notwith standing their achievements have given the United States first place among the nations of the world. The same recep tion "probably .awaits General Chaffee on his arrival at an early day. General Wheaton served with much dis tinction during the Civil War, and ever since its close on the frontier, in the memorable campaigns against the In dians, and for more than two years in the Phillpplpnes, returning only because he had reached the age limit of his ac tive service. In giving General Wheaton orders to- return to the TJnfted Statts, more It becomes self-diffuslwe. A man cannot be wise and good and strong for himself alone. He is formed and confirmed by the virtues he Imparts even, more than by those he receives. If his heart Is set on material things he may gather them, for himself, may grow hafd and exclusive, Ignoble and base, but If his supreme desire Is for the things of the 60ul he must communicate the bless ings he gains or they will, vanish. In the home, in the church, in the na tion the important thing for each one is the help he gives, the'" benefits, he be stows. He who Is not a source of faith, of, courage, of Joy for those about him has no wellsprlng of 'divine life In" himself. He must educate If he would be educated; he must ennoble if he would be made no ble; he must diffuse religious thought and love "if he would become religious. Every, worthy form of Individual activity Is altruistic The money paid is never the equivalent of the work done, and whether the laborer be farmer or builder, physician or teacher, he must look beyond the price he gets to the good he docs, must Interfuse good will and the desire to be of help with, all he does and with all he receives for what he does, or nd will shrivel into something that appears to be alive, but is dead: It must be his object to realize himself, not chiefly in his primi tive physical self, with Its material needs and sordid interests, but he must bend all his energies to rise from the low bed -whereon nature has laid hlm to the sphere where God manifests himself as truth and love, as beauty and righteousness, as life everlasting. Then he shall find himself in accord with the things that are permanent with -the good that Is absolute; then shall he learn to sympathize with all who live and .aye hard pressed and beset with doubts and temptations, who are over-burdened, whose feet are caught In the meshes of vice, whose hands hang helpless because Joy In work Is denied them. have expressed in regard to the different branches of human knowledge. The best and most Intelligent people al ways think and express their thoughts In three different directions: 1. In religious philosophy, on the im portance of life in general and on life itself . religion and philosophy). 2. In experimental directions, by draw ing conclusions from certain established observations (natural sciences, mechanics. physics, chemistry and physiology), 3. In logical directions, by drawing con elusions from abstract propositions (math ematics.) " These -three' kinds-of science are unl versal, and within the reach of all. and they are not antagonistic to the Idea of universal brotherhood among men. They are' all true schemes In this; that you cannot transform them according to your need or purpose, and none of them sup ports or allows any half knowledge you know or you do not know. AH sclencs that do not come up to this standard are dangerous and harmful, and should be excluded. As there are three different branches of science, so there are also three different ways of transmitting them. The first and the usual one Is to trans mlt them to others word by word In the different languages. The second method Is to show them through the eye, through the plastic arts. painting and sculpture. The third Is to transmit your feelings through music and song. These are the different branches and methods of instruction, but', besides this, I believe lhat,every child should be taught a useful trade, such as the trade of car penter. of blacksmith, or of brlcklaver. In regard to the length of time that should be given to each subject I think this way: When we rise In the morning we have about sixteen hours before us. and of this I think that the half, with the necessary Intervals of rest and play (the younger the person the longer the Intervals), should be given to enlighten ment to cleaning, housekeeping, etc. The other half should be devoted to study, and I believe the pupil should have the priv ilege of selecting the subject I know that my Ideas here are expressed very crudely, but if God will again give me health I hope to be able to elaborate them. In regard to painting and music. should like to add a few words, I "o not believe in teaching every one to play the piano. In designing, as in music. children should always be taught using the most simple and accessible means, In drawing they should use only chalk. carbon and pencil, and In music onl ine very simplest instruments; then if they later should sho.w any special talent they should be allowed to paint in oil or to .use a finer Instrument vcrj- one snouia try to master as many languages as possiDie, and I con. slder It very Important that French, Erig Hsh and German should be taught The child shbuld. be made to read In the for eign language a book that he knows, and first lea-n to understand tho general meaning; then after that the teacher should draw his attention to the single words, explaining their derivation and grammatical forms: General Chaffee honored himself by pro nouncing, the following eulogium upon General Wheaton: as an instance of military servics where heart and mind have united In joyous endeavor for more than 41 years to actively serve his country honestly. faithfully, faultlessly, 'to the end of his allotted time, the division' commander In vltes the attention of all officers and sol dlers of this command to the splendid rocord of General Wheaton consolcuous- ly public, nothing concealed as an ex ample for all, and in tho name of the tuvision, tnc wish that he may eniov many years of. rest so Justly deserved." With this tribute from a brother offi cer and his immediate commander. Gen eral Wheaton has been placed on the re tired list of the Regular Army, and al lowed to pass into that channel in which so many illustrious officers have drifted Into oblivion. Mar r I axe by Proxy. Sheffield Globe. The curious custom of marriage by proxy still exists in Holland. A Dutch ffpntlomnn mli1lnir In Pofrnrta ir cently united by proxy to a young ladyj'suaslon he hesitatingly consented. residing with her parents at Amsterdam, and. Incongruous as It seems to our Ideas, the bridegroom's sister represented him and took the young lady In his name, "for better or worse." It seems that the young man was tired of waiting for his love any longer, but found that she would not be married unless her mother -was present Her parents would not go to Ba tavla and he could not, go home. A com prdmlso was happily' p'osslble. as they were both Dutch subjects.' by the lady be ing married with her relations around her. And she has now sailed for Java. T IE fetich of our time Is legislative enactment. It is considered that men should be more moral, more temperate. Imme diately a party arises. In the state, plam orlng for a lav to legalize Its theories. But unfortunately progress cannot be obtained by an act of Congress. De velopment is a plant of slow growth, -and the only soil In which It will flourish Is that of broad human culture. Harmoni ous .progress Is not to be secured for the indlvluual or society by hasty meth ods. You can make men hypocrites by prohibitory laws, but you cannot make them moral.' There Is a. demand just now for an amendment to the. United States Consti tution that shall make the laws of mar riage and divorce the same in all the states of the Union. As this suggestion comes uniformly from those who con sider the present divorce laws too lib eral, we may Infer that tho proposed National law Is to place the whole ques-' tlon on a narrower basis, rendering null and void the laws that have been passed In a broader spirit according to the needs and experiences In certain sections of the sovereign people. And here let us bear in mind that the widest possible law would not make di vorce obligatory on any one, while a restricted law, on the contrary, would compel many, living perhaps at one time under more liberal laws, to remain in uncongenial relations., Moreover, as wc are still in the experi mental stage of this question, we are not qualified to make a perfect law, that .would work satisfactorily, over so vast an area as our boundaries now embrace. I see no evidence In what has been pub lished on this question of late by states men, ecclesiastics, lawyers and Judges, that any of them have thought suffi ciently on the subject to prepare a well digested code or a comprehensive amend ment to the National Constitution. Some view it as a civil contract though not governed by the laws of other con- I tracts; some view It as a religious ordi nance, a sacrament; some think It a re lation to be regulated by the state, oth ers should be 'left wholly to the Individ ual. With this .wide divergence of. opinion among our leading- minds, it Is quite evi dent that we are not prepared for a Na tional law. Moreover, as woman Is the most Im portant factor In the marriage relation. her enfranchisement Is the primal step ABOUT THE Rev. John N. Mills, of the First Presbyterian Church in Evanston, doolnroq frr-n tho nn'nlt that re alistic fiction is a weak delusion and a snare for feeble-minded digestions. In speaking of realism the preacher doubtlcrs meant the dismal filth of the barnyard, which certain novelists have termed "the real life of the country-" Realism Is truth. The hawthorn bush In bloom Is Just as real as the muck heap. the rose as real as the toadstool. It is a fact however, that devotees of a certain school of fiction pass by all things beauti ful! and settle upon the unsightly. In na ture they do not see the bloom, but the pig track In the muddy lane. In the meadow there aTe larks, trilling music, but the dreary realist prefers to enter the briar patch, to tear his clothes and to contemplate the nest of a poisonous snake. The world's greatest truths are borne upon the music of poetry; but to these so-called realists, the grunt of a hog Is more real than thp carol of a bird. Shakespeare was the greatest realist, but the American school of realism rejects the Imagination. Conscious of limitation, feeling that to them fancy, which in other days was wont to gambol, is now but a hopeless cripple, the scholars of this school doggedly ignore invention and cry glory to the dull record of a hired man's muddy boots. With mild contempt they look upon the writer for the dally press. They say that his style Is "journalese." forgetting that the most noted successes In fiction have been achieved by newspaper writers. The newspaper Is the grgat DON'T TREAT YOUR HUSBAND TOO WELL DON'T treat your husband too well. Nothing cools a man's love more surely than too much fussing over him. A man spoils quicker than a baby. A, woman must be extremely wise during the first few months -of her married life if she wishes to keep her husband's love. It Is one thing to win love, and quite an other matter to retain It The first is easy, the second difficult. Nearly every woman find, a man to whom she Is natur ally attractive but to transform the first mere delusion into a permanent auauuu ( is an art worth the .knowing. The knowl- . edge Is rare, lis divorce courts testify- ! Before marriage the Intended husband is ever thoughtful and attentive. He gets the extra wrap that hl3 sweetheart may not catch cold. The wife makes the mis take of getting the cape for herself. The. lover cheerfully fastens the bewitching little shoestring. The husband grumbles If his wife's shoestring becomes untied. How did this change take place? The an swer Is simple If one stops to think. It was during tho wedding Journey that the trouble began, for trouble It surely Is. And it was all the wife's fault Do you wonder why? Recall your honeymoon. Was he not at tention Itself? You needed that cape how1 quickly he started to get It for you. You, in your new wifely devotion, said: "No. let me get It." With a little per- The next time there was less persuasion ne cessary, and before you knew It you al ways got It for yourself. In this particu lar Instance you should .have asserted your dependence Instead of your Inde pendence. The whole art of handling a husband Is In knowing when to give in. There are times when it Is not Justifiable to use any of the powers possessed by women If for -no more worthy reason than be cause she wbuld soon lose all influence by MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE ffl BY ELIZABETH CADY STANTON in the sentiment of the basis of family life. Before public opinion of this 'question crystallzes into an amendment to the National- Constitution, the wife and mother must have a voice in the govern ing power and must be' heard on this great social problem In the halls of legis lation. There are many advantages in leaving all these questions, as now, to tho states. Local self-government more read ily permits of experiments on mooted questions, which are the outcome of needs and convictions of the community. The smaller area over which legislation extends, the more pliable' are the laws. J By leaving the states free to experi ment in their local affairs, we can judge of the working" of different laws under varying circumstances and thus learn their comparative merits. The progress education has achieved In America is due to Just this fact that we have left our system of public schools In tho hands of local- authorities. How different would be the solution of the great educational question. If the matter had to be settled at Washington. The whole Nation might find Itself pledged to a scheme that a few years would prove wholly Impracticable. Again, before we can decide the just grounds of divorce, we must get a clear idea of what" constitutes marriage. In a true relation the chief object Is the loving companionship of man and woman, their capacity for mutual help and happiness, "and for the development of all that Is noblest In each other. The second object 13 the building up a home and family, a place of rest, peace, security. In which child-life can bud and blossom like flowers In tire sunshine. The first step toward making the ideal the real is to educate our .sons and daugh ters into the most exalted ideas of the sacredness of married life and the re sponsibilities of parenthood. I' would have them give at least as much thought to the creation of an in- mortal being as the artist gives to his - landscape or statue. Watch him In his hours of solitude, communing with great nature, for days and weeks, In all her changing moods, behold how patiently he works, whett at last his dream of beauty Is realized, and takes a clearly defined form, how many weeks and months he spends working out the de tails of sky and lake, of tree and flower, and when complete it represents to him more love and life, more hope and am bition, than the living chlfd at his side, THE LITERARY BY OPIE READ school of expression, but these complacent dullards Jeer at It Before Dickens and since Kipling the newspaper man has been the great por trayer of truth, inventive, digestive, life palntlng. His work Is the continuation of the ancient epic. So, In condemning the modern novel, the able preacher should not Include the real realist. His blast la directed toward the erotic work of fiction. And for that book there Is no excuse. It is for the most part written by the young woman who knows that Immodest adventure will carry her name to the pub lic. Society would just as eagerly read the record of a criminal. Society Is the butterfly that lights upon the margin of the stagnant pooL Its opinion never has and never can make literature. Litera ture Is truth, Illumined from the search light of the soul, and society Is largely composed of naked arms and bare bosoms not of soul. A sublime thought cannot be obscene, and literature Is composed of sublime thoughts. Some of the masters were coarse, but many of the masters were compelled to write for bread, and the rab ble demanded coarsened. When the mas ters wrote for themselves they were pure. Originally literature was an Inspiration, then It became an art, and now It Is too often a trade. No, not a trade, for noth ing Is more honorable than a trade. The men who have learned a trade are the men who have made the world constantly bet ter. Let us, therefore, say that literature has of late too often degenerated into a bunko game. Its glitter is the glitter of i the gold brick. BY HELEN OLDFIELD too constant use. Your probable objection would be anticipated, and that is fatal, Your husband should never be quite sure of your attitude on a given subject Hp will loam to nrovide In advance againBt a stereotyped exceptlon-if you are so dull as to fall Into the habit of using threadbare argument Have a bright and new way of viewing an old subject even If your old argument sufficed to carry the day. Do not always agree with your husband. Even If you do not understand w-hat ho Is saying pretend that you do. Listen to him; then say that you cannot quite agree with hlrm Let him talk It over with you; look thoughtful; admit that perhaps he Is right but never acquiesce with such readiness as to arouse his suspicion that you do not understand the weak as well as the strong points of the case. A man likes his wife tq be admired. Other men must enjoy talking to her, otherwise the husband Is likely to under estimate that privilege. Consequently the clever woman endeavors to hold the at tention of other men when her husband Is around especially, but If she Is prudent she will not make, a point of doing so in his absence. If the wife 13 popular she will find no difficulty' in getting her husband to take her out In the evening. He will enjoy seeing her receive attentions, provided, of course, that In bestowing her favors she shows no partiality. The evenings spent at home must be managed with greater tact than those that are spent In society. It is after the newspaper Is read and just as the cigar Is about smoked that the unsuspecting man should be approached on the sub ject of that new dress that has been con cerning you more than politics and other matters you have discussed with apparent interest Don't say you want a dress. Begin by saying that you do not want a dress. Let your needle be. busy remodel- .to whose conception and antenatal de-1 velopmcnt not one soulful thought wa ever given. To this Impressible period few parental give any thought, yet here we must bej gin to cultivate the virtues that can alone redeem the world. How oblivious even our greatest phllos-J ophers seem to the well-known law of 1 physiology. Think of a man like Darwin. so close an observer of every form of life, so firm a believer In the law of heredity, venturing on marriage and fatherhood. while he was the victim of a hereditary disease. That he thought of this while raising a large family Is plain from his published ' letters, la which he deplores and groans 1 lest his physical afflictions be visited on his children.. Alas! who can measure the miseries of. the race resulting from the Impure and unholy marriages Into .which even Intel ligent men and wdmen so recklessly en ter? The tone of society is indeed low in re- j gard to all these matters. We get a j much fairer Idea- of the settled opinions i of men on any given subject from their civil and common laws, their popular lit erature, their customs In everyday life, the judgments rendered In their courts. ,the precepts read In their pulpits, than from their occasional guarded utterances. when called on for their well-digested I theories. It Is folly to. talk of the sacredness ol marriage and maternity while tho wife) Is practically regarded as an Inferior, a subject, a slave. Having decided then that companion ship and. conscientious parenthood ara the only true grounds for marriage. If the relation brings out the worst character istics of each party, or If the home at mosphere Is unwholesome for children, is 1 not the very "ralson d'etre" of the union wanting and the marriage practica'lly an nulled? It cannot be called a holy relation, nor even a desirable one. when love and mu tual respect are wanting. And let ua bear In mind one other Important fact, that lack of sympathy and content in the parents indicates radical physical un sultablllty. which results In badly or ganized Offspring. If then the real object of marriage la defeated it Is for the Interest of tho state, as well as the Individual con cerned, to see that all such pernicious unions be legally dissolved, and inasmuch as incompatibility of temper defeats the two great objects of marriage, it should be the primal cause of divorce. OUTPUT The book of lasting work comes quietly Into the lives of men. No brass trumpet has ever heralded genius. More often has It been preceded by a sigh. The world's greatest stories and poems have been wrlta ten by the starving. And true genius would starve, rather than pollute itself with an obscene product. In genius there is no bastardy. The average literary "success" of today will not survive the year. It Is less dur able than the newspaper, for out of the newspaper is cut many a poem, many a hopeful line that makes life easier to bear. Mr. Mills marvels that so many unclean books are expesed for sale, while an un clean painting would be torn down. Hero he has struck a suggestive note. Tho painter of an obscene picture would bo Execrated. Immoral men . would cry. "Stone him!" But these Immoral men buy obscene books and take them heme. It is easy enough for a man who has no family to exclaim that certain persons aro too particular. And It Is true that the lit tle ones at home change the whole as pect not alone of literature but the whole landscape of nature. The man who has daughters knows well enough that Inno cence Is not always a safeguard, but ho knows, also, that without Innocence there are no hopes for the future. This la where the average newspaper Is superior to the average novel It Is the councilor of the home. At the desk sits an alert man, and it Is his business to expunge tho poison. The seeker for literary notoriety has no such censor. His aim and the aim of his publisher is to sell output, to mako money. ing the one you hope to have superseded j by the one soon to be promised. "It will do a time or two more. u, u. v I the well-managed husband, "you nao. i better order a new one." Little does he think that you have already agreed to i the suggestion. It Is the universal practice among un married women the world over to exer cise tact and obtain their ends by design. This has been so from the beginning of time.- It Is a woman's prerogative and 13 recognized as such. It does not really and truly deceive men. They much pre fer such methods to actually dishonest shrewdness. Only the callow youth doesn't understand woman's ways, at least, thoso are all for whom there Is any alld ex cuse. Fairy tales do not deceive grown ups. There Is no doubt that one of the most serious mistakes women make is to cast aside all artificiality after marriage. The same mystery that kindles a romance should perpetuate" it. The wife Is silly who allows her husband to seek In other women these feminine attractions that fascinated her lover. The heavens bear witness that women are not considerate of their lovers before the final vows are exchanged. True lov ers wouldn't have It so. It is in reversing the situation after marriage that much trouble comes. The Ideal relationship of the sexes. It must be admitted, exists during courtship days. Make a note of this and keep up the de lusion as long as you can. There Is noth ing In the marriage vow about coquet tlshness. Husbands should be managed as lovers arc. Lbvers do not have an easy time. But they like It The "Rocky Mountain locust or grasshopper In 1874 destroyed 51CO.000.000 of crops of Kan sas. Missouri. Nebraska and Iowa, and the in direct losa was probably as much more.