THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, DECEMBER 30, 1900.
CLERKSHIP ABUSE
Oregon Legislature Likely to
Grapple With It As Usual.
MANY WANT SINECURE JOBS
Slain Provisions of Law Passed at
Iiast Session for Reform Essential
Qualifications for Cleric Posi
tion Not Very Remunerative.
SALEM, Or., Dec 29. The clerkship
abuse Is one of the most difficult problems
each session of the Legislature which
it has had to grapple with, and it is to
be expected that the coming session will
bo no exception. The last Legislature
passed a general law declaring what of
ficers. Including clerks, shall be elected
in each body, but it is readily apparent
that one Legislature cannot pass laws
which shall limit the powers of another
Legislature, The general law, therefore,
can act as little more than a standard
by which one Legislature would govern
another If It could. It is but the expres
sion of legislative opinion as to the num
ber of clerks that are needed.
The clerkship abuse is not due entirely
to bad Intentions on the part of legis
lators. Probably nine out of 10 of the
members of that body come to Salem with
the intention of making a record for econ
omy such as will be approved by their
constituents. But they find long before
the opening day of the session, that their
constituents are clamoring for "places,"
regardless of the need for employes. Near
ly every man who Imagines he had an
Influence In securing the election of a
legislator from his county wants some po
litical favor therefor. Many look upon, a
legislative clerkship as eom-jthlng to be
desired, and seek an appointment of this
kind for themselves or their friends. The
members of the Legislature are so strong
ly urged to secure positions of this kind
that they are scarcely to be blamed for
yielding. For any small portion of the
total number of applicants to be accom
modated means that there shall be created
a largo number of clerkships that are al
most entirely useless. The persons who
aVe given these positions do a small
amount of work each day work that the
members could as well do themselves
and thus make a pretense of being busy.
After the close of every session clerks
may be heard to say that they did noth
ing during the whole 40 days but paste
printed bills In the books of the members
who secured their appointment. This Is
work that can be done In a few moments
each day, and which should be done by
the members themselves.
In many cases these useless clerkships
have been created for some relative of a
member of the Legislature. The members
do not usually appoint their own relatives
to such positions, but can easily make an
exchange of courtesies with each other
by which "you appoint my brother and
I will appoint yours." Appointments of
this kind are usually pure grafts the
clerks having nothing to do, and being In
many cases not possessed of the ability
to do the work properly if they had any
assigned them. A legislative clerk should
be more than a good penman and copyist.
He should be a good grammarian, have an
understanding of the proper construction
of sentences with a view to preclseness
of meaning, and by all means thorough
In the principles of punctuation. It is to
be expected that the members of the Leg
islaturemany of them farmers and busi
ness men who have given no attention to
such matters for years should be defi
cient In their knowledge of grammar and
rhetoric. It Is to be expected that In
drafting bills they will express their Ideas
in a cumbersome and often ambiguous
style. In such cases the clerks should
notice th errors and be able to suggest
an Improvement. But the records show
that such Is not always the case. Poor
punctuation and poor wording often go
unnoticed, and not Infrequently errors of
punctuation creep in while the bills are
in. the hands of the clerks. The Legisla
ture might not be so far wrong If it re
quired candidates for clerkships to pass
1 a competitive examination In these mat
ters. The last Legislature passed an act near
the close of the session which was ex
pected to bring about a reform in tho
employment of clerks. The essential feat
ures of tho law are as follows:
"On the permanent organization of tho
Senate the following officers shall bo
elected by ballot: A president, a chief
clerk, one assistant chief clerk, one read
ing clerk, one calendar clerk, one ser-geant-at-arms,
one doorkeeper, one mail
ing clerk, threo pages, one chief and one
assistant clerk for the judiciary commit
tee, one chief clerk and one assistant clerk
for the ways and means committee, one
chief clerk and one assistant clerk for the
committee on engrossed bills, one chief
clerk and ono assistant clerk for the com
mittee on. enrolled bills, ono clerk for the
president of the Senate, three expert
etenographers and 12 committee clerks.
"On permanent organization of the
House of Representatives the following
officers shall be elected by ballot: One
speaker, one chief clerk, one assistant
chief clerk, one reading clerk, one calen
dar clerk, ono sorgeant-at-arms, one door
keeper, one mailing clerk, three pages, one
chief clerk and one assistant clerk for
the Judiciary committee, one chief clerk
and ono assistant clerk for the ways and
means committee, ono chief clerk and one
assistant clerk for the committee on en
grossed bills, one chief clerk and one as
sistant clerk for the committee on en
rolled bills, ono clerk for tho speaker of
the House, five export stenographers and
IS committee clerks.
"The expert stenographers and commit
tee clerks shall be under the supervision
of tho chief clerk of the House or Senate,
as the case may be. to bo assigned by
him to duty on such committee as may
.make application to him for clerks. The
chief clerk shall file all applications for
clerks or stenographers in the order of
their receipt, and shall assign from the
force or committee clerks and stenpgra
phens In the order of applications made.
It shall be the duty of all committee
clerks or stenographers, after completing
the work to which they' have been as
signed, to report to the chief clerk; pro
vided, that the working hours of no com
mittee clork or expert or stenographer
(clerk) shall exceed eight hours per day.
"The compensation of the officers shall
be as follows per day: President of the
Senate and speaker of tho House, $5;
chief clerk, $S; assistant chief clerk, $6;
reading clerk. $6; calendar clerk, $6; ser-ueant-at-arms,
$3; doorkeeper, $4: mailing
clerk, $4; page, $2; expert stenographer, $5;
chief clerk on the judiciary, ways and
means, engrossed bills and enrolled bills
committees, $5; assistant clerks on the
same committees, $3; committee clerks, 53;
clerk of the president of the Senate. S3;
clerk of the speaker of the House, $5.
"In the Senate the officers, except the
president and three pages, being 30 In
number, shall be elected one from each
senatorial district in the state, if there
be a competent applicant from such dis
trict. In the House of Representatives
the officers shall be elected from the vari
ous counties of the state In the propor
tion that such county is represented in
that body, so far as possible; provided,
there bo competent applicants from the
several counties.
"No person shall be employed as clerk
or stenographer. In cither house who Is
not In every way competent to perform
any and all work he or she may be called
upon to perform, and any person employed
by virtue of or under the provisions of
this act may be dismissed by the House
making such employment at any time
upon, & majority vote thereof."
The securing of a committed clerkship
Is not so profitable as to warrant the
great scramble for the positions. Such
a position pays $3 per day for 40 days.
At the least estimate, a stranger will pay
out 51 per day for living expenses while
here. It takes a considerable expenditure
of time and money to secure the appoint
ments, and there are other expenses In
traveling, etc. Considering the poor
chances for securing a position and the
small net profit to bo made, any young
man or woman of Industry and ability
could do better by looking to same other
source for employment.
WASTED FOR. HOLD-UP.
Two Men Arrested at HUlsboro at In
stance of Portland Police.
HILLSBORO. Iec 29. Detective Ford,
of Portland, tonight departed with J. T.
McNamara and Carl Larsen, wanted In
Multnomah County on a charge of hold
ing up two men on the Canyon road lead
ing from Portland to Beaverton. The
men were arrested at the request of the
Portland police.
McNamara is well known to the peace
officers in this part of the state. He
commenced his career by spending sev
eral years at the State Reform School,
and since bis parole from that Institution
has been mixed up In several larcenies.
Larsen has hitherto been considered reli
able and trustworthy, and dates his
downfall to recent association with Mc
Namara.
Charged With. Murder of Chinaman.
James Aiken was brought here from
Portland last evening, charged with the
murder of the Chinaman, Gulo Sule, killed
near Raleigh several weeks ago. Young
Aiken is considered very tough, and when
arrested here- some months ago on a
warrant from Multnomah County opened
fire on the officers, and was only taken
after several shots were exchanged.
nenringr of Murder Trial Delayed.
Owing to the absence of Deputy Dis
trict Attorney E. B. Tongue, Charles
Wambeke, charged with the murder of
Andrew Dahlberg, did not have his hear
ing today. Wambeke continues to exhibit
a serenity of manner, and under tho cir
cumstances dlpplays very little nervous
ness. "Wambeke is not a man of means,
but owns his little home and Is out of
debt
Wanted for Sbootlnfr at Another.
The authorities are wanting a young
fellow by the names of Arthur Fleck,
who, at Beaverton, Christmas night,
shortly after the Sheridan express pulled
Into that station, took a shot at another
young fellow by the name of Hughson.
The trouble is said to have arisen over
rivalry between the two boys paying at
tentions to the same young woman. Fleck
discovered Hughson walking on the sta
tion platform with the girl in question,
followed them, and then opened fire on
his rival. Fleck fled before a' warrant
could be served.
Liquor Got Him Into Trouble.
INDEPENDENCE. Or., Dec 29. Frank
Toung was fined $25 today for "being
drunk and disorderly and utlng abusive
language" last night. He has not yet
paid the amount Into the court, and to
night occupies a cell In the City Jail.
While under the influence of intoxi
cants last, night, Toung entered a candy
store here and Is said to have used very
vile language to the lady In charge. He
was taken out several times, but insisted
on returning The man of the house
Anally appeared and laid him out with
an Iron weight, after he had succeeded
In breaking the showcases, scales and
other portable property that could be
damaged.
Young resisted arrest by Policeman
Tupper, who thereupon knocked him down
and landed him In Jail. lie was arraigned
before City Recorder Henkle today, and
pleaded guilty to the charge hereinbefore
stated.
It is said that charges of assault and
the destruction of property will be lodged
against Young as soon as he is released
from jail.
Had Money Hidden in Shoe.
FOREST GROVE, Or., Dec 29. David
Keen put $40 50 into the toe of one of his
shoes last night and placed It on his back
porch for safe-keeping. To his surprise,
this morning, when he went for the mon
ey, he found only 55 cents, and a note
which read: "I will divide, nice moon
shine, good-bye." The thief also took a
G. A. R. coat Mr. Keen Is a cripple, and
an industrious, hard-working man. The
loss is a very heavy one.
Oregon Crime Notes.
William Harris Is under $50 bonds at
Pendleton to keep the peace.
Frank Harrison has received a sentence
of 12 days in Jail at Pendleton for theft
of $5.
Robert Aho and John Luckland were
fined $10 each at Astoria Friday for dis
orderly conduct
Hattle-A-Chumps, an Indian, is charged
at Pendleton with having stolen a span
of horses from A. D. Blue.
HARNEY COUNTY CATTLE RANGES.
Never Known to Be Better Winter
Fcedlnir Almost Unnecessary.
BURNS. Or., Dec. 29. A few cattlemen
hereabouts find It necessary to feed their
stock fodder, although the number of
cattle is not considerable. This has been
a very mild Winter in this section, and
the open range was never known to be so
good. Stein Mountain sheepmen report
that they have not yet found It necessary
to feed their flocks. The sheep are doing
well on tho range The only complaint
they voice is of the scarcity of snow,
which has held herds off unwatered ranges
where grass is abundant
Sheepmen who have been engaged in tho
business in Harney County for years
state they have never seen a more prolific
growth of grass than mat which has
marked this Winter.
A Few Anxious About Water.
Heavy owners of hay lands In Harney
Valley express anxiety about water for
irrigation purposes next year. The fall of
deep snow has been so long delayed uiat
they fear the supply of water In Stlvle
River will not be equal to the demands
their meadows will make upon it
Little permanent snow has fallen in the
high mountains about tho river's head,
though thft season for a "cold snap" can
not said to be past
NORTHWEST DEAD.
Joseph. Burger, an Old Resident of
The Dalles.
THE DALLES, Or., Dec 29. Joseph
Burger, an old resident of this place.
died last night of paralysis, aged 70 years.
He was born In Mansfield, O., from which
place he started West In 189, crossing the
plains and settling In California, where
he engaged in mining for some years.
In 1S70 Mr. Burger moved to The Dalles,
where he married Mrs. Belle Derlckson,
who survives him. The funeral took
place today under tho auspices of the
Knights of Pythias.
Mrs. William Chalmers, of Leisyvllle.
HDLLSBORO, Or., Dec 29. Mrs. Will
iam Chalmers, residing near Leisyville,
died at tho family home last evening. She
had been ailing for years, but death was
unexpected. Her husband and two of the
children had gone to a neighbors, and
upon their return found the wife and
mother on her death bed. Mrs. Chal
mers was a native of Scotland, and had
boen a resident of Washington County for
several years. She was prominent In
church circles.
To View Out School Sites.
SOUTH BEND, Dec 29. At a mass
meeting last night, a committee was ap
pointed to view out sites for two new
schoolhouses, one in each end of the town.
This practically settles In a satisfactory
manner a question which has long been
of contention here.
TO CUT RAILROAD RATES
representative butt will
father bill to this effect.
Would Reduce Passencer Charge to
Three Cents per Mile Friendly to
McBrldc for Senator.
NKWBERG. C-r.. Dec 23. Representa
tive Butt, of Yamhill County, today stat
ed that he proposes to Introduce two bills
in the next Legislature. One will be for
the reduction of- passenger rates on rail
roads to 3 cents per mile, and the other
will be for taxing dogs for the purpose
of creating a fund from which sheep
owners may be reimbursed for losses sus
tained by the ravages of the animals.
Mr. Butt says tha while he Id of the
opinion that tie Supreme Court ought to
have some relief, he will be guided by the
THOUGHT TO BE OLDEST
tBonn--nnanaKnannnManEBnaBnHainaBpiHnMnBaMMBi
WILLIAM SHEPHERD.
HALSEY. Dec. 20. It is believed that "William Shepherd, of this place, has been a sub
scriber to The Oregonlan longer than any person In Oregon. He became a regular reader of
the paper In 1850, and, with tho exception of ono year, has since been a regular patron. Mr.
Shepherd is an Oregon pioneer of 1S47. He has resided on his farm, six miles south of
here, for nearly 40 years.
vote of the people on this question at the
June election. He thinks that the Intent
of the constitution Is plain, and will not
favor the creation of a commission by
the Legislature.
On the primary election law bis votj
will depend on the nature of the bill pre
sented, but he is of the opinion tiat sut-h
a measure will not be approved by voters
outside of cities on account of the cost It
would entail In holding the primaries.
On the question of his vote for TJnl'ed
Slates Senator, Mr. Butt declined to de
fine himself, saying that coalitions we-e
liable to change before tha time for tak
ing the vote However, he stated that
If It came to a vote between Hon. H. W.
Corbett and Senator McBride he would
vote for the latter.
He favors a Senatorial caucus and s
willing to abide by the result whether
the vote be secret or by open ballot
TO PROTECT DAIRY INTERESTS.
Representative Looncy Has Bill to
This End Other Needed Lavrs.
JEFFERSON, Or., Dec 29. Representa
tive Looney, of Marlon County, an
nounces that he will introduce a bill at
the coming session of the Legislature to
amend the pure food law, passed the
last session. The object of the measure
will be to afford due protection to the
increasing dairying Industry of the state.
Speaking of the proposed law, Mr. Looney
said:
"If this law protects tho producer from
eomnptltlnn tcHh nriultirntfl nr rirrtopsa
food, as I believe it -will, and also pro- ' Young lawyers of The Dalles have or
tects tho consumer, I predict a great ganlzed a debating club,
future for tho dairying Interests of Ore- I Militia Companies C and G will play
gon." J football at Albany Tuesday.
Mr. Looney also favors a better road Revival meetings are being conducted at
system. On this subject he said: 1 the Albany Christian Church.
"The convict road .bill for working con- ; Tno Pollc county Mohair Association
vlcts on the public highways between , wU1 meet at Daas January 5.
and It would be well to make it a perma
v. fw w. .j....w.w,
nent law stipulating that convicts should
work all roads 'leading through state
property at Salem and to work on the
state grounds when necessary; extra
guards to receive the same compensation
as those employed at the state peniten
tiary grounds, and to be employed only
during the actual time when convicts are
at work on the roads or grounds.
"I expect also to Introduce a drainage
bill. This will be to drain water oft pub
lic roads through private property where
ever there Is a natural waterway. Grad
ing and graveling road beds will not make
a perfect highway unless we have some
systematic way of drainage
"As for a primary reform law. It seems
to me that It would be a great expense
to the state, and I doubt whether it
would accomplish what Is expected of it
I cannot say that I favor it"
OUTSPOKEN FOR CORBETT.
Representative Kccne's Choice for
T.-.
Senator Would Amend Road Laws.
statton'. Or.. Dpc 29 RpnrPsntiiM
Keen Is outspoken m favor of Hon. H.
W. Corbett, of Portland, for United States
Senator, and announced today his inten-
tion to vote for him at the coming Legis-
latlve session. Mr. Keene believes tho
State of Oregon and tho Republican party
would have in Mr. Corbett a zealous and
capable representative, one whose ripo
experience and mature years specially
qualify him for effective labor In tho up
per house of Congress, at this juncture in
National affairs. No other candidate so
far mentioned for that position appeals
to Mr. Keene on an equal footing with
Mr. Corbett whose personal record he ad
mires, and whose political opinions have
his indorsement
Upon the question of holding a caucus
Mr. Keene will be guided by circumstances
after the Legislature Is convened. He is
not opposed to caucuses if the Interests of
the party shall best be subserved In hold
ing one; but at the present time he pre
fers not to state what course be will pur
sue. Gin. Keene takes an active interest In
road legislation, but is pronounced in his
.nn,ci,L t , -v
opposition to any graft in tho shape of
state or county engineers of public high
ways. He has In view a bill calculated
to Improve the present road law, a concise
bit of legislation that will bring super
visor and the road-working public Into
more effective union. He believes In a
10-hour day for road work.
A bill putting Justices of th& Peace In
cities of 000 and upward on a salary will
have Mr. Kecne's cordial support
TO" VISIT EASTERN STAR LODGES.
Grand Worthy Matron Will .Tour
Willamette Valley Next Wcelc.
PENDLETON, Or., Dec. 23. Mrs. Jessio
S. Vert, grand worthy matron of Oregon,
Order of Eastern Star, will leave Mon
day, January 7, for the towns of the
Willamette Valley, to Unlsh her official
visits to the different chapters. Mrs. Vert
h4s C3f lodges to visit before the meeting
of the grind chapter, which will convene
at Pendleton next June.
A Fractious Prisoner.
Edward W. Osburn enlivened matters In
the office of Justice of the Peace Fitz
Gerald Friday. , He had Just been con
.vlcted of larceny by bailee and sentenced
to pay a fine of $25. when he struck C
E. Dugger, the complaining witness, back
of the ear and was fined $20 for mis
demeanor in presence of the court He Is
serving- his 22 days in Jail, not having
money to pay his fine.
White Talc, or Chalk, Discovered.
C. O. Alllsop, while excavating on the
property of J. F. Nolin, In North Pendle
ton, struck a stratum of white talc, or
chalk. Tho value of the discovery has not
yet been determined.
flOOO Blooded Calf Imported.
CORVALLIS. Or., Dec 23. A calf, of
OREGON1AN SUBSCRIBER.
which the purchase price Is believed to
have been $1000, Is expected to arrive here
tonight The animal Is an Aberdeen, An
gus of purest blood, and was recently
purchased by M. Porter, living eight miles
south of Corvallls. Though less than a
year old, the calf weighs H00 pounds.
The animal is from the well-knovpn herd
of Wallace Estll, of New Franklin,. Mo.,
famed far and wide s a breeder of Aber
deen Angus cattle. It was selected by Dr.
Wlthycombe, vice-director at the State
Agricultural College Experiment Station,
who made the choIcVafter visltinjr many
, of the fairs and stock shows In the East
ern states on a recent trip jsast ur.
Wlthycombe believes the calf to be as fine
a there is on the continent Mr. Porter,
the purchaser, owns a bull of the same
breed, which was a leading prizewinner
at the Columbia exposition at Chicago.
Other calves of tho same stock and from
the same' firm have been sold at a more
advanced age, at prices ranging from $2000
to $3000.
New "Washington Postofnce.
WASHINGTON, Dec 25. A postofnce
has been established at Berlin, King
County, Wash., with Bernard A. Baer
locher as Postmaster.
Oregon Notes.
Circuit Court convenes at Dallas next
week.
Smallpox quarantine at Gaston has been
raised.
A lodge of Modern Woodmen has been
Instituted at Dallas.
(nfl(iflt1 ,! rt ,1a ... l.0l,A,
WU4UUI.MUII til 111C 11CW HUiipibat Cb
Baker City will begin In early Spring.
An effort Is being made to Induce the
Moro Council to grant saloon licenses.
Knights of Pythias will hold a district
convention at The Dalles January 19.
Griffin Cabin, Native Sons, of HUlsboro,
will give an annual ball Tuesday even
ing. J. P. Abbott, a farmer of Wasco County,
has finished the most up-to-date resi
dence In the county.
Plans aro being drawn for a number of
modern residences at Baker City, to be
erected In the Spring.
A freight car Jumped the track on tho
Sumpter Railroad Thursday evening, and
did slight damage to the roadbed.
The Grotto Saloon, of Roseburg, has
been attached by tho Albany Brewing
Company and the Roseburg National
Bank.
The Medford Bank, last Monday, pre
sented to Its customers and friends In
s Jackson County 700 buckskin money
I pouches.
I So far thero Is not much snow in the
. Blue Mountains. At Fletcher's saw mill.
' on. the fmlt beyond Weston, there is
i only onJ? ,
I -1- apiam ueary, 01 orvauis, nas
mado a compromise with the Insurance
company In which her husband was In
sured, accepting $3000 In lieu of the claim
of $5000.
Washington County citizens are sub
scribing liberally to a fund which will go
to Increase the reward offered by the
county for the conviction of Dahlberga
murderer.
The Pendleton Health Officer has raised
tho quarantine upon the upper part of
tho building at the corner of Court and
Johnson streets, where there have been
two mild cases of smallpox.
Judge Eakln, as Judga of the eighth
judicial district has appointed a commit
tee from the Union County bar to ar-
rrango for a proper observance of John
Marshall day, on February 4, at the Union
Courthouse.
The Heppner Gazette says the cause of
the death of a cow a year ago has Just
"" SAm'SI TTY i. iiT
eton for chicken feed, an Iron clevis. lx
pounds In weight, was found lodged at the
base of the tongue
It is rumored that U. S. McHargue. the
Reedville school-teacher, will make a. hard
struggle to have his case before, the State
Board of Education reopened in the hope
that he will obtain a more favorable de
cision than the one revoking' his right to
teach.
The Sumpter Transportation Company
has been reorganized. James Newlanas
has been removed from the office of sec
retary, and Attorney N. C Richards elect
ed In his place. Tom McEwen remains
president and general manager; T. G.
Harrison, treasurer, and W. H. Cade,
vice-president
TEACHERS ADJOURNED
CONVENTION -OF STATE ASSOCIA
TION CONCLUDED SESSION.
Recommendations Concerning
polntment of Text-Boole
Commission.
Ap-
ALBANY, Or., Dec 29. The annual con
vention of the Western division of tha
Oregon State Teachers' Association closed
today" at noon. The session opened Wed
nesday. It was noticeable that the at
tendance was made up principally of, Ore
gon men and women, who received the
great part of their culture in the schools
of the state Many have said that the
strongest papers produced at any educa
tional association in Oregon were read
at this gathering. Many teachers from
Eastern Oregon have signified their In
tention and willingness to Join the teach
erss at the coming session at Eugene.
The general morning session met at the
Christian Church at 9 o'clock, Vice-President
Campbell presiding.
"School Libraries. How to Secure," was
the subject of papers by Professor C, A.
Hitchcock, of the Asland public schools,
and Professor L. M. Traver, of Rose
burg. The former carefully outlined the
books that could bo secured. Books out
of copyright can be purchased at greatly
reduced rates, said he. and answer every
purpose In country and village schools,
about one-half the books to the number
of scholars Is sufficient AH schools
should have a library.
Professor Traver said In part: "The li
brary question is as old as schools. It is
a necessity. Young men should be taught
that If Is not a disgrace to come home
during the vaaction seasons and help
around tho farm. Too much time is being
devoted to football. A bill has been pre
pared and will be presented to the Legis
lature asking that common school li
braries be established. The laws of many
states were revelowed and compared. It
is tho duty of the state to educate its
citizens, and a school library is essential.
Superintendent Ackerman, who has pre
pared the Oregon bill. Intends that It shall
cause libraries to be scattered through
out the state."
Upon motion of Secretary Jones the
meotlng proceeded to the business of the
association, selection of location for next
year's meeting and the election of officers.
Superintendent Robinson named Portland;
Professor Ltttlefleld, McMlnnville; Profes
sor Miller. Eugene: Professor Jones, Sa
lem: Professor McDonald, CorvalSs. Su
perintendent Martlndale extended an Invi
tation on behalf of the Albany people.
After several ballots Eugene received 103
votes, Portland 57. and McMlnnville 13.
Tho following officers were elected to
serve for the ensuing year:
President P. L. Campbell, of the Mon
mouth State Normal School first vice
president K. I. Ressler, of Eugene: .sec
ond, vice-president D. A. Grout, of Port
land; secretary, G. W. Jones, of Salem:
treasurer Miss Bertha Slates, of the Drain
Normal School.
Henry D. Sheldon of Eugene, and A. C.
Hitchcock, of Ashland, were unanimously
elected to serve as members pf tha exec
utive committee.
Tho committee on resolutions submit
ted Its report, thanking the citizens of
Albany for the liberal us of their
churches and other public buildings, the
general and local committees, the press
for the generous treatment, and the rail
road for their liberal reduction in rates.
D. V. S. Reld Introduced a resolution
asking the Governor to appoint a lady
member of the state text-book .comlsslon,
and moved the adoption. After a short
discussion the resolution was laid on the
tabic
In order that a system of country cen
tral public schools may be established, a
resolution was passed that the associa
tion respectfully urge the State Legis
lature to pass laws that will establish
such a system of public schools for the
State of Oregon.
The recommendation of the committee
on high schools that a committee be ap
pointed to suggest to the .State Board
of Education a course or courses of study
for grades above the eighth grade In
towns of less than 4000 people was adopt
ed without a dissenting voice. President
Frank Strong, President W. H. Lee, and
Professor J. L. Landers, of The Dalles,
were appointed to serve as such commit
tee. President Campbell spoke on the topic
of "Constructive Work." "The object of
our education Is to make effective men
and women," said the speaker. "That
man or woman Is counted a failure who
accomplishes little, or nothing In life. We
live not for ourselves alone, but to be
of use to our fellow-man. To accomplish
something is the prime object of school
life. Constructive work will fill a long
want"
Tho discussion was continued by Miss
MagersH of the Salem public schools.
"Plays In the kindergarten are con
structive In their character," said the
speaker, "or lead up to constructive work.
In this way the hand and eye are thor
oughly trained, and this contributes to
brain force. Constructive work should
not be confused with brain work." I
would suggest three lines of constructive
work: First, cardboard modeling; sec
ond, paper-folding; third, brush drawing.
Results obtained arq concentration of
thought, order, neatness, application, etc.
I would, while training the hand and the
eye, develop the Imagination. The work
followed cannot fall to develop a taste for
the beautiful."
At the close of tho discussion of this
topic. Dr. Kellogg presented the subject
of "Practical Psychology," but, owing to
the lateness of the hour, cbuld not enter
Into a thorough discussion of the sub
ject The speaker paid a high tribute to
tho teacher's profession. In part, his re
marks were as follows:
"The mind of the young child Is a vir
gin territory, possessing certain natural
possibilities, fertile to certain products,
and may, under cultivation, produce
things not strictly native to Its soIL The
brain is divided into definitive tracts or
areas, which are composed of from 1,000,
000,000 to 2,000,000,000 cells. It seems Impos
sible to increase 'the number of cells, and
hence the full stimulation of all the cells
In all the tracts of the brain of any in
dividual is the full limit of his possible
development Education, on Its physical
side at least, consists in the development
of the cells in the brain tracts, such de
velopment being termed stimulation. No
person ever lived in whose brain all the
cells had been developed in all the tracts,
while the limit of development In any
tract may occasionally be reached. This
development Is mainly accomplished In
early life, and out of the possibilities of
the Individual certain developments de
termine what of these shall become the
probabilities of his life, and how great a
fraction of the whole man he may be
come. "The public schools show progress not
only In tha proper range of studies now
provided, but in the use of the cultural
and esthetic In song, art, morals and
nature study especially, etc, making pos
sible the fuller development of the aver
age student; that Is, making the average
development of all students higher.
"In the stimulation of the cells of the
brain tracts, wisely and prudently di
rected, lies the opportunity and respon
slblltly of the teacher. The schoolroom
Is more than a place of literary learn
ing; It Is an Introduction to and prepara
tion for life, in large measure, as inter
preted by the teacher.
"Manner and means of stimulation are
of first-rato importance. Guyan says, 'All
education, indeed, should be directed to
this end. to convince the child that he
Is capable of good and Incapable of
evil, In order that he may become actual
ly so,' or, as Drummond says, We be
come honest by practice'
"The means of stimulation are Infinite,
almost, and may be physical, mental,
I moral, religious, spiritual, pauiouc, laiten
j from nature, from book, brooks, sky, flow -
moral, religious, spiritual, patriotic, taken
era, etc, and none are to be omitted with
out positive danger and loss to the child.
The manner should ba such as not to
wound a proper self-respect in the child,
for in that case, instead of the stimulus
producing a healthful development, it
produces a scar. The fuller the develop
ment of the individual the greater his
continuity, resourcefulness, integrity and
general value to the community. Donald,
son says: 'In the last stages of extreme
fatigue It Is the nerve cells, not the mus
cles, which are exhausted. It is always
too late to be what you might have been,'
but Is never too late to be what U Is yet
posslblo for you to be. The harmonious
development of the whole nature of the
child produces Individuals acquainted
with the amenities and courtesies of life,
alive to its duties and responsibilities,
active In the. world's work, with decent
respect for law, property, religion, mor
als, and character, and by the production
of such Individuals through Its training,
the educational system renders to the
Government a good account and satis
factory service"
President Hawley, of Willamette Uni
versity, presented some good thoughts
on the subject of "The Relation of Edu
cation to the Government" He said:
"The true end of education is two-fold,
and directs aright our whole nature. Its
office Is to call forth power of every
kind power of thought, affection, will
and outward action; power to observe,
to reason, to Judge, to contrive; power
to adopt good ends, and pursue them
efficiently; power to gain and spread hap
piness. True education will prepare the
young to be their own teachers, to be
the discoverers of truth, the Interpreters
of nature, and investigators of science.
We should educate the whole man, not a
mero part The Intellectual and the mor
al should go hand In hand. Herbert
Spencer says: The individual shall save
the whole.'
"Public opinion, through manhood suf
frage. Is the controller and director of
American destiny. It directs legislative
and executive action. It has nearly al
ways been right, but who can forecast
the future? The best, the only,, guaran
tee, is a higher standard of citizenship,
and a better understanding 6f Its duties
and responsibilities. In order to do this
our citizens must be educated, and that
rightly. The youth of today is the citi
zen of tomorrow; henco he must be
taught the duties of citizenship, that
there may be more men, such as Presi
dent Garfield described In the following
language: 'Men who, standing on a
mountain height, see all the achieve
ments of our past history, and carry in
their hearts the memory of its glorious
deeds, and who, looking forward, prepare
to meet the dangers that come'
"Our political forefathers were -highly
educated. The great majority ,pf the
members of the second Continental Con"
gress were college graduates, while the
minority were men whose training In tho
world university equaled or surpassed
that of college-bred statesmen. Certain
ly, this is true of our illustrious Wash
ington. Though- not a collega graduate,
yet he identified himself with the educa
tional Interests of his state, and in 1785
accepted the chancellorship of the College
of William and Mary. We are not only
educating the Individual, but the state.
Our schools do not exist merely to spread
ntelllgence and create a learned class.
but to make of tho whole people citizens
enlightened for their specific duties a3 a
self-governing body. Our schools should
be inspired with the patriotic spirit Our
colleges and universities should create
political, Intellectual, and moral atmos
phere. No other safeguard against polit
ical and social disorder has been devised
as a substitute for education. Washing
ton declared that "knowledge in every
country is the surest basis of public
happiness.' Madison declared, 'Education
Is the only sure foundation that can be
devised for the preservation of freedom
and happiness; educate and Inform tho
whole mass of the people; enable them to
see that it is to their interests to pre
serve peace and order, and they will
preserve thom.'
"The future of the public is largely and
safely committed to the 15,000,000 public
school children and tp the hundreds of
thousands "in private schools to these,
and not to any of. the political, parties.
The superiority of the United States as
a military and naval power Is not be
cause of its superior numbers or strength,
but because of its superior education and
training of mind and character. So long
as our people are enlightened along tho
lines of the sciences and arts, as well
as the common school branches, will we
be able o retain our prestige, which we
now occupy as a world power. The Ig
norance of illiteracy is one of the great
est enemies of the Nation's weal, from
which Imminent danger springs. Ignor
ance has never operated as a deterrent
from voting. The ignorant are eager to
vote in proportion to their lack of quali
fication, and too often retain their votes
until a late hour of the day, that they
may expect and perhaps exact, higher
prices from contesting candidates.
"Illiteracy does not necessarily Imply
the absence of true patriotism, but .it
does involve destitution of some qualifi
cations that are indispensible to its guid
ance when present Ignorance debars the
citizen from the study of politics and
politicians as represented In books, and
debars him of the power of Independent
thought and action. Ignorance compels
a man to bo a follower of men rather
than of principles; of leaders rather than
of doctrines and policies. This is the
unvarying lesson of history, and Is full
of solemn admonition to the American
people However patriotic the" voter may
be, it is essential action that he should
know what he la doing, and what are
the best means of accomplishing the
best ends. The stability of our free In
stitutions, the universality and perpetuity
of our government by the people, and
of the people, imperatively demand the
education of all our people. Ignorance Is
Inimical and dangerous to the Govern
ment, while education and culture are
conducive to the perpetuation and pros
perity of the Nation."
Department of Superintendence.
The department of superintendence con
vened In tha Courthouse, with a full at
tendance. Superintendents R. F. Robin
son, J, W. Shipley and E. V. Littletteld
led in' the discussion of the subject,
"Means of Securing More Efficient Super
vision of Rural Schools." As a result.
Superintendents R. E. Robinson, J. F.
Nowlln and G. W. Denman were elected
a committee to draft a bill with the pur
pose of consolidating from 3000 to 7000
school districts under one management,
with a vjew to encourage more high scnool
work.
"County Institutes" was discussed by
Superintendents W. M. Miller and J. C.
ZInser.
The motion of Superintendent J. W.
Shipley to request the coming textrbook
commission to adopt the slant system of
penmanship was lost by a vote of 14 to S.
The following resolution, relative to the
appointment of the state text-book com
mission, which is to be named soon, was
adopted:
"Resolved, That we, the County School
Superintendents and High School prlnct,
pals. In convention assembled, most re
spectfully request that HJs Excellency the
Governor of Oregon appoint a majority
of the school text-book commission from,
among the educators of the state who
aro actively engaged in teaching. In order
that the educational Interests of the state
may be best served."
Practically the same question came up
before the department of elementary In
struction. The matter was treated as an
experiment, but much confidence was ex
pressed in the Governor, as will be seen
from tho resolution following, which was
passed by a handsome majority:
"B.e it resolved that we, the teachers
of Oregon,, in convention assembled, do
hereby congratulate His Excellency Gov
ernor T. T Geer upon the great oppor
tunity that has come to him to do the
peophr of this state such signal service in
the appointment of a capable text-book
commission; be It further
"Resolved, That we have the utmost
faith In the Governor's disinterestedness
i ana gooa discernment to serve nis suite
1 in this behalf, and that we await with,
and good discernment to serve his state
confidence the result of this great text.
book experiment"
The following resolution. Introduced by
Superintendent R. F. Robinson, was
passed unanimously:
"Recognizing the efficient services of
our Superintendent of Public Instruction,
Hon. J. H. Ackerman, In his attendance
upon and work in the county institutes
of the state, be it
"Resolved. That we, the Couhty Super
intendents of tho state In convention as
sembled, express by rising vote our ap
preciation of his excellent service, and
thank him for his careful co-operation
and kindly asalstance and Instruction."
The following officers were then elected
for the ensuing term: President, E. V.
Littlefield; vice-president, C. L. Gilbert;
secretary, E. T. Moores.
The following officers were selected to
serve for the ensuing year: President,
Dr. Frank Strong, of the University of
Oregon; vice-president, W. C. Hawley, of
the Willamette University; secretary. J.
B. Horner, of the- Oregon Agricultural
College; treasurer. W. J. Steele, 6f Port
land; executive committee. Dr. Dominic,
of Mount Angel; W. N. McFerrln, Forest
Grove; W. M. Clayton, of Ashland; Sam
uel Holmes, of Grant's Pass; T. T. Davis,
of Portland.
Tha matter of college athletics was
taken up by Dean W. N. McFerrln, of Pa
cific University, who said:
"It is generally conceded that open-air
exercise Is necessary to the health of the
student who has been In the close school
room or study-room. The welfare of our
Institutions demands intercollegiate ath
letics. It brings about helpful Intercourse
among colleges. It teaches students to
perform the functions of the guest and
the host It teaches students how to
stand victory and defeat. 'We don't al
ways get what we want.' Teach boys to
win in an honest, sportsmanlike way. Les
sons that come from defeat are sometimes
worth more than victory.
"Il we have intercollegiate contests, we
must as colleges, make rules governing
these contests. We should, as colleges,
discourage professionalism. Encouraging
boys to come to school merely because
they are athletes Is professional. Pacific
University has this year refused admis
sion to several boys who wanted to come
as athletes rather than as students. The
student should be admitted to these con
tests who has not matriculated at least
four weeks before the contests; who takes
at least 15 hours of bona fide school work
each week; and where grade of school
work and deportment will average with
that of good students generally.
"Pacific University has an athletic com
mittee of nine members six of whom aro
students, and the remaining three mem
bers of the faculty. Such a committee
will be respected by the students. All
contests, debating and oratorical, as well
as athletic, should -be fair, square and
honest The contestants should prepare
their own orations and debates."
President W. H. Lee. of Albany College,
'stated that he, believed college athletic
had come to stay, because the students
crave them, and it develops tho physical
life of students. He emphasized the Im
portance of pure athletics. President Le
said there has not been that comity of
college spirit In intercollegiate athletics
that should exist He urged -a stand for
Dure athletics, for comity between col
leges, and for athletics wedded to higher
scholarship.
Professor Steele, of Portland High
School, was of the opinion that ladies as
well as gentlemen should generally be
given an opportunity to participate In col
lege athletics. He admitted that he would
like to substitute some less dangerous but
exciting game for football. "I try to get
them to play other games," said he. "but
the boys want football, and what shall w
do about it?"
Professor Hoag, of Albany College, said
there is some danger in football, but
therein lies the charm and the value or
the game to the American boy, vho 13
not content with croquet or quoits until B)
years of age.
President Hawley eald that football cul
tivates the nerves. "It stimulate grit,"
said he. "A sport to be beneficial must
be attractive. The speaker played foot
ball three years, the most valuable exer
cise he had ever taken. He never was
hurt Feotball teaches the boy to take
care of himself. The teacher wants to co
operate with all the coliege authorities of
Oregon In Improving the athletics of the
schools."
Notes.
The Oregon Teachers' .Monthly, pub
lished at Salem, was unanimously voted
to be the official organ of the State
Teachers' Association.
Last year some of the state educational
institutions of learning, notably the Ore
gon Agricultural College, decided to reu
ognlze the eighth grade diploma when
granted by the grammar schools. Lest
there might be some misunderstanding as
to the significance of this action on the
part of the higher Institutions of learning,
the matter was taken up by the state as
sociation today, and by resolution It was
ordered that the diplomas of the eighth
grade be required as certificates of en
trance to secondary schools, and that In
turn, eighth-grade teachers and princi
pals shall deem It an obligation to give
such thorough preparation as shall ade
quately meet the requirements of tho
eighth grade of the state course of study.
Plot to Poison Chinese.
Local Chinatown Is much wrought up
over what It believe to be a plot to poison
Its residents by wholesale, says the Cor
vallls Gazette. Rice is the principal ar
ticle of diet of these Celestial gentlemen,
and It is bought in large quantities direct
from Portland. Recently a letter con
tained the intelligence that recent con
signments of rice from the Orient had
been poisoned, and warned against the
use of this article The letter stated that
the presence of the poison could readily
be detected by boiling a silver coin with
the rice If it turned black, it should be
let alone. Sorbin, the wise man of tha
local colony, has placed some of the con
demned rice in the hands of the college
chemist, and the result of his analysis Is
anxiously awaited.
The tunnel of the Crown Point mine, in
Cable Cove, has been driven 200 feet
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