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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 4, 1900)
THE SimiY OREGCOTAN, PORTTAyiS, NOVEMBER S, 1900. - Geographical Conditions and " Br Major Alfred. The. result of the 12th National ao- counting 1b now fairly arrayed to attract the student of political philosophy,, and one may venture therefore to invite the attention of the thoughtful citizens to some interesting facts 'in demonstration of the law of "geographic conditions that make the great commercial center al ready stated many times under varying tdrcumstances. since it first appeared. 20 yearstago in the columns of The Oregon anJtawit: "The commercial port ofji re glontprtll be as close'to'the-producer's It isnosalble to reach, "with, the class-of transportation demanded by the require-' merits of the conutiy." " f fTOR lc0 fltiTiAiimnamant ft T"r4n lOTIT tlTHM pufthed by the Bulletin of the American Geographical Society, of New York-Cty In vgotober 1898, having been givenas a lecture to that society three years, pre-" vleusly, after it had been delivered be-. xorejthe Nauonea.Geograpnicai society, or Washington. D. C, and the Engineering, awl Geographical Branches of the-Brook-3yn Institute of Arts and. Sciences. r The paper, as a lecture, wasi.wrifcfcen before 1865; of the exact year I am not certain. AH its data, so far as thpyjrelated to American porta, -were collated from the census of 10 or 'from the latest, offi clalifdbcuments attainable at the. time of jvHting. . Tacoma Stnnff by the Statement. . "SsOar in MSS, Oregonian published; s review' of the buHetm, paper with ex-' tracts, dealing, among other matters, wth Portland's relation to the commerce ot the Northwest and with the relative cfljHraerelal positions of Seattle and Taco ma. Tie artlclo In The Oregonian attracted the attention and exejted Tancor In the breast of Tacoma, to such an extent that the secretary of the Chamber of Com merce of that city, under date of March 3, IBM, fait Impelled to print a long letter la The Oregonian denying all statements therein and -bombarding the humble name ot the writer with a. sonorous -v ollcy of 1 epithets, not generally regarded by gen tlemen as aiding the Investigation of truth; but, under thfc clroumstances. quite excusable if not meritorious, being in the proper and accepted line of devel oping bottomless booms. Considering the near approach of a cen sus year. It seemed Inexpedient to .reply, st that time to Mr. Ferry's letter, since it OQUld have no other result than a preAtiess wrangle of "it Is and it isn't" with personalities of the -j-ou're another" J style. I may now be permitted to say that ray paper was not -written to boom Portland or Seattle at the expense of Tacoma. v Its sole object being a study In the elucida tion of a scientific problem, the truth of ray solution of which has been continually confirmed by the statistics of commerce and population. XStli Census Justified Conclusions. The present census offers results so in teresting In demonstrating -the truth of the original conclusions that now appears a good time for once more presenting them under the new Hght thrown upon thorn by tha latest figures. It was -declared In the paper referred to, that Tacoma cannot become the com mercial cantor of any considerable terri tory; that its position "must be limited to that of a rather Important manufactur ing town, because thl6 is the legitimate province of capital, which cannot create mercantile centers against natural law. And tjfee bollef was furthor expressed, that Seattle is "the commercial port of all the region tributary to the -Raters of Pugot Sound. With this statement, so fully borne out by the official returns now before the country, one or two observations are in order. And, 'first, those citizens of Ta coma, Who have been seduced to that -unfortunate site for the Investment" of money In real iwtate and who are thus identified with the interests of the town will naturally enough discover and pro claim advantages for the place that are not discernible to the unprejudiced Investiga tor; but under the existing rule of ethics among men of "enterprise" they must be indulged by the benevolent in what ever method of Inflation to redeem their values. And. second, the infamous system of fraud practiced by the managers and "inside" friends of the management of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, whereby confiding softs have been led to make Investments in Tacoma prop erty cannot be too .severely reprobated by loudly expressed public opinion. Ka lsrna was bad enough, but It may have been a mistake, after Which Tacoma -was a crime; a shameful swindle originating in grossly sordid stujrtdlty and pursued with persistent depravity. But the taotict. of that guileless In nocent, the excellent Mr. Ferry, are too transparent. A year age. he rebuked my placing the population of Tacoma, based oa the last census, at 96,000, and declared it te be M.000. It proves a jear later, by official count in Itttt. to be 37.703. It will be unkind, as It is unnecessary, to pur sue this method, which may seem a taunt. It is enough te say that every statement made in the paper quoted, was abso lutely correct when that paper was writ ten. And I doubt not that Mr. Ferry's details were correct in their bare state ment, when he wrote them. But he fail ed te give all the qualifying facts. For instance: the streetcar systems of Ta cema was In the hands of a receiver when I wrote, but Mr. Ferry was exact. when live years later he said it had been bought by an Eastern company. He failed, however, to say they -were bought as a bankrupt concent, -which was a fact. And se of all the rest. Houston nnd Galveston. One of the most Interesting lHustra ttats ef this - law of commerce may be. found in the Case of Galveston and Hous ton. When, many years ago, I presented this subject to the attention of my col leagues ef the American Society of Civil Engineers, ray position was antagonlred ay a distinguished engineer, who bad been for many years connected with the Northern Pacific JtaUnoadf construction. He said: "I URerMaad MjaJorSeArs to delta for his theory the character of a l&w without exception- I may name the relation of Galveston and Houston In Texas as an exception to bis conclusion. Galveston has grown up as the commer cial port 6t Texas; It is the only Texan pert having a tolerably good harbor; but oeean-geing vessels can be taken nearly -up to Houston on the Buffalo Bayou, and with small expenditure of money a port oeuM have been built up, at some inte rior point en Galveston Bay. Galveston is built on a sand bar. practically CO miles from, any agricultural .country,, directly enJtfce gulf.rand while he wharves o rathe j "inside" are in well-protected harborrnhe- Net Arbitrary Use oi Capital. F. Sean, C E j- J Island oa which it Jpbollt isi expoledto" J the violent action, of thSgulfJwaves. The J City of Houston, at the head of Buffalo Bayou, is 50 miles nearer the agricultural portion of the state; the railroads center at Houston ana a single line connects Houston with Galveston: still Galveston is the commercial metropolis of Texas; it has become so because its wharves can bo reached with less difficulty than .those at Hobstbn o'r even of Harrisburg at the mouth of Buffalo Bayou." This was the Bument averse to my position, xne J answer I r made at the time was that. .,... win ,n uuuo uf a. smiui outlay 01 moneyjonHfae;cbannel toouston cannot t as yet be fairly considered; Texas Is still la newcpuntry and must accommodate It- B? for the present twtth the existing fa culties ror Its -very limited amount 'of shipping. Glasgow Is an example of what An" outlay of money in theway of Im proving a channel 'will acocmplish. and perhaps Houston may one day bo another; but os3yet no .money- has been expended." Afterwards in tha later paper I said: '"Now; -df I could 'have looked forward' '10' years, I should have seen that this" very-case illustrates the tendency of commerce to get as close to' the producer asc-possible for its? port. Houston has Jeoome,f like Glasgow, . an example of 'Whatman outlay of -money in -improving a. channel will accomplish. One hundredi and ninety-three thousand dollars has .been expended by the United States Gov ernment in deepening tho channel of Buf falo Bayou, so that if IS feet can bo taken in over the Galveston bar, the-same- depth may bo carried on, up to Houston; and now Galveston, .while a commercial port, has taken a secondary position in the commerce of Texas and is not tho port of that region to -which Houston is related." , .But the facts "revealed by the present census, for which I am indebted to the courtesy of. the bureau and the United States Engineer Department, even more emphatically connrxn the-proposition, that, the commercial port of any region can not be made near a coast at a point that can be passed by a seagoing vessel to reach a landing nearer the producing "re gion. . Observe in the following tabla the movement of population, before and after the improvement of Buffalo Bayou, by deepening tho channel to Houston: Galveston. Houston.1 1570 14,000 2,000 1SS0 22,248 16.513 1SG0 20,084 27,537 l "T7.7S9 44.633 Now, this growth is in spite of an ex penditure of 59,200,000 for Improving Gal veston harbor to a capacity for vessels of 36 feet draft, while less than $212,000 has been laid out on the channel to Houston, which at one tlmeihad a con trolling depth of 13 feet, now reduced to' but 8 feet, by reason of Government neg- lect. Mr. Mellen's Fake Visit. Tn the interview with Mr. Mellen, presi dent of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, reported in The Oregonian ot the 24th ult, that gentleman is repre- sented as saying: "It takes capital, age and prestige to make a commercial city strong, and not merely a favorable .loca tion." This is Just the mistake to be expected from the management of North ern Pacific affairs. Galveston has "capi tal, age and prestige." It has been . well frequented barbor ever since ISIS, when it was the prey of -the buccaneers and the pirate Lafltte found there a con venient harbor of refuge. But the state grew and the Houston man was closer to the producing interior than the man at Galveston, though it cost a good deal to receive his goods. Capital never has, and never will, for it cannot, make a great commercial city. Nobody should know this better than the 'i Northern Pacific people; and yet these men persist in their worn-out attempt to crowd the notion upon enlightened public opinion. Given the proper location with relation to the producing region for distributing the supplies of life and growth to the region and there will grow Its commercial center; following the location comes the "capital, age and prestige" in due time. What "age and prestige" has Portland When compared with Astoria? And which has attracted capital? After all, what is the present pressing problem? Does Portland want the North ern Pacific or has the railroad company at last learned that it has absolute need of Portland?. This is the undoubted truth. They have opened their eyes to the fact that Port land is the grand commercial 'center of the Immense. territory embraced in the Columbia River basin and it must come to her- in 'the most direct line. Having' been balked in their various attempts to supplant and destroy the city by the establishment of "rival ports," tnrough the Influence of railroad terminals, they come now In the temper of whining bul lies, still intent on playing a bluff. "Writers like Mr. Rand, who comes to the help of Mr. Mellen, may tell us that "Seattle and Portland are rivals, neck and nock," but such an opinion Is based on a most "childishly superficial view of the facts. These two towns are not in any sense rivals. They occupy entirely dfffer ent provinces. Seattle Is becoming the depot of a newly developing coast system to which It is more convenient than Port land. It will have and properly possess a considerable portion of the business of that system; what Seattle gets will not be taken from Portland. The sudden jump In tihobtink clearances of Seattle Is not tho indication of either trade or commerce at that port. It is the simple product ot moving gold dust in a wheelbarrow from the purser's safe on i the steamer through the assayer's office to the East-bound railroad train. It Is Just as Important a feature in the make up of Seattle as,-the sllk-and tea of China and Japan are in. the commerce of Taco ma; like an organ grinder's monkey, they embellish street music. One radical mistake is of universal prev alence among the genemeh who are so busily engaged In givtng Portland their sage advice; . they Imagine tha the ex portation of a country's produce makes the commercial port of a region It is not the truth. A commercial center Is produced "by the rivalry of trade. The men who bring dry goods and groceries and tools to sell to the producers of a region are continually striving, each to get closer than the other to the customer. And when fte nas reached as near to the heart of things as the geography will permft. with his stock, he is not content to rest there; but will send his agents, the canvasser and commercial traveler, farther Inland to solicit purchasers. Also, his stock must.be as convenient both ,-to-approacn and distribute. -as it is -Dosslble for Mm m .. r to attain. Otherwise the rival will get -.advantage. It -Is this Jostling" of the 4dlsttafUtingmBrchant-of the TroldtBtrp- plies to the producer that creates the commercial center. Producers are inot crowding towards the ocean to flndcus-, tomers. They can stay at home and the merchant comes to them, to buy their produce. . . - " , - Goods have xobe sold, 'but vrbcat i anion eh t. ..- f f In one case the customer is sought; in the other, the crop is coveted. t y The Northern Pacific Koilroad will be forced into Portland by the most direct route possible. This Is simply Its helpless fate, on. which Portland may sleepT The law of commerce, as I have stated it, is the Inexorable, Immutable-ajaw, without exception in the world's economy. SCHO'TT AS TATTNfiAUSER. A. Role "Which Made Him Famous Throughout -Europe. , Anton Schott was in superb voice for his great rolejpf Tannhauser, which he gave with unusual power and effectiveness last night; at Bishop Bcott Armory. Three"acts of, the opera were presentea with a brief explanatory story" by ,Mr. "Vannod, and-,the reading of salient parts of the llbrettoeby Miss Schuecklng, whose delightful 'agi in structive comments Were most helpful. y ilfe x f ipKv , 41 The above scene shows how the gol5 taken from T. S. "!Llppys famou8 "Klondike gold claim is transported to Dawson. It is No. 16, on Eldorado Creek. IJppy was an athletic Instructor in the T. M. C. A., Seattle, and in 1896 went to Klondike and struck It rich. His claim Is 'said to yield something like $300,000 per annum. Mrs. Eleanor Ross, of Astoria, who had expected to sing the role of Elizabeth, was unavoidably absent. Miss Schueck lng, therefore, who, is thoroughly familiar with the great opera, kindly consented to sing that part, and her efforts were warm ly appreciated by the audience. Miss Marie Velguth was assigned the .role of Venus. She was in good voice, and her numbers were a leading attraction of the evening. She has a thoroughly dramatic temperament and a fine regard for values, as has been repeatedly shown by her sym pathetic and satisfying accompaniments. Liuclen Vannod sang the Landgrave's part, and F. C. Streyffeler took the part of Walter. The gathering Intensity or Herr Schott's delivery of the songs of the first act was splendidly conceived. The chorus behlndthe scenes was given by F. C. Streyffeler, Henry" Teal, A. M. Wright and others. Owing to the rather unusual length of the programme, it was decided to defer the latter port of the third act until the next recital. The programme, therefore, ended with Herr Schott's sing ing of the beautiful song to the evening star, "O, Du Meln Holder Abendstern," which he gave with simple, thrilling power. Schott has always been very .closely Identified with the role of Tannhauser throughout Germany and other countries of Europe. "It has been the medium of some, of his greatest successes. He has all the traditions of Beyreuth at his com mand, receiving inspiration from Wagner himself. This opportunity of hearing him. in hlssfamous role was therefore a nota ble one for Portland music lovers, who warmly appreciated the privilege. JOHN BARRETT RETURNS. """"" Ex-Mlnister to Slam Conies to Port land, to Vote. John Barrett, ex-Mlnlster to Slam, ar rived home by the Southern Pacific fro'm San Francisco yesterday, and will give McKmley his vote next Tuesday. He has alwaj-3 held Portland as" his home In his world-wide tourings, and expressed him self as glad to get back- again, at the Portland, last evening. Mr. Barrett has "been making campaign speeches in the 'Eastern' States, and was with Governor Roosevelt- on the tour of Indiana. He feels confident of big Re publican majorities in what the Deiho crats please to -call the "doubtful" States ot New York,Illinols, Ohio and Indiana. New York's vote, he thinks, will be nearly as heavy for "McKInley as It was four years ago, as the city cannot give Bryan any such majority as Croker claims. "In the campaign of 1S96," said Mr. Bar rett, "the farmbrg element of those states was discouraged over years of low prices, and they thought free silver could make things no worse, so many farmers voted for Bryan, while the large cities gave majorities for the Republican candi date. The farmers now are strong for McKInley's re-election, while there Is j some disaffection toward Bryan in the cities. "The skilled workmen are stronger Re publican this year, as they reaflze that the party In power will extend the de mand for their serv'lces for the next four years. The labor vote that goes for Bryan will be of "the unthinking sort, which cares not for consequences." Mr. "Barrett will rejnain In Portland sev eral weeks. . The Khvie Incident. " SALEM, Or, Nov. 3. To the'Edlror,) What was the Kane Incident In New York during the Blalne-Cleveland campaign? As I remember it, Kane, if I have his name right was a "Democrat convicted and punished for changlnvotesiforBut- ler to Cleveland. He was a member ot i Tammany ana a ounaay scnooi superin tendent living in some outer precinct or ward of that city or Brooklyn. '. , ' 'INQUIRER. John Yy Kane was Mayor .and general J PoohJah of Gravesend,, near Brooklyn. J He figured conspicuously in. election frauds during the Blalne-Cleveland cam- i palgn; but. If The Oregonian remembers i correctly, he was convicted for similar frauds some Vears- afterwards. "He was sentenced to a terms of years In Sing Sing, and died not long ago, shortly fol lowing his release. One'.Mlnute'Toothache Droos Cur !- .stantlvi 10 and: 2ST cents. All drucxLsts, NEED MORE STREET-CARS AGITATION l?OR..BItA7CH MSB 03T j THE EAST SIDE. '. ' " Case of Ite-r. Robert 21 cljeaa &eads to Much Discussion Tfevrx- East i of the River. Shortly after the electioh the Tesldents of Brooklyn and the south end on the East Side will take some steps toward trying to secure a street railway loop on Grand avenue south to Ellsworth street, and thence to East Ninth and to the vicinity of the Southern Pacific car shops. This matterjhas been under con sideration by them for1 some time, but ac "tlon was deferred until the election was out of the; way. Either this plan will be adopted, or the Oregon City Railway will be asked to give quicker service on their tliiieo 'as to accotninodate the peo ple beterthan at present.- A franchise was granted" the old railway company, succeeded by the City & Suburban, to build on Grand avenue. Ellsworth and" East Ninth streets, In the early days, but the present route was finally chosen on East Sherman, East Twelfth, Clinton,! East Twe"nty-sixth and the Waverly and Woodstock branches, were adopted on ao- KLONDIKE PACK TRAIN WITH count of tho Inducements. An attempt was mado several years ago by the South eastern Improvement Association to get a loop of the City & Suburban. Railway built through "Brooklyn' district and a connection made with the Woodstock di vision, the route tapping what Is known as the carshops district, but the move ment failed; at that time it would not have paid. It is believed now that a line that will tap the carshops district, including Fuerer's addition, Brooklyn and all the territory south and adjoining Powell street would pay well. Every car on the south branch of the Woodstock and Waverly branches In the evenings for several hours Is overloaded, and there Is great discomfort, showing something of the Increased volume of business. If the loop through Brooklyn cannot be had an effort will be made toinduce the Or egon City cars to give a 15-mlnute service. This would help that end of the city very "much. Presbytery Declined to Act. At the meeting of tho Portland pres bytery to consider the appointment of Rev. Robert McLean as missionary to Cuba, Friday, a strong protest was re ceived from the Third Presbyterian Church,, of which he is pastor. After hearing the protest the preshytery de cided to refer the matter and decision back to that church. The proceeding Is said to be a little unusua, as the pres bytery only can dissolve the pastoral re lations. The Third Church went to the presbytery In full force. All of Its work ing force was there by representatives to protest against dissolving the pastoral relations. Rev. W. S. Gilbert was the moderator. Probably the presbytery was never confronted with such a strong dele gation before. Mr. McLean made a state ment of the situation and explained the call he had received. He said that if he had not been practically educated for the mission field and was not equipped with a knowledge .of the Spanish lan guage the question pending would never have come before the body, but the summons had come like a bugle call and It had stirred him. Under the clrcum- f stances he was unable to decide for him self, but whether he should go or re main he would endeavor to do his whole duty without flinching. After having made his statement he placed the matter In the hands of the presbytery. Then came the protests. Strong ad dresses were made by Dr. Chambers, W. H. Markel and others until the presby tery had a good Idea of the views of the, cnurcn. At was snown tnat tne Duiiaing project would languish " and " progress would stop if Dr. McLean should go to Cuba. It is said that at the opening of the presbytery there Vasa majority fa vorable to dissolving the pastoral rela tion, but after hearing the delegation from tho Third Church they did not feel like voting that way, and they voted to refer the matter back to that church for decision. It would seem that the action of the presbytery Is a practical yielding to the churchy inasmuch as the presbytery de clined to dissolve the pastoral relations. The Third Church will hardly fesclnd its own action In protesting against the res ignation. Dr. McLean said yesterday that the church would settle the matter, but it would take time. 'If the Home Mission Board of New York will give him time in which to make the contemplated im provements he might yet go to Cuba. Correspondence will be opened with the board on that point. Dr. Brown, who was once pastor of the First Church, Portland, is secretary, knows the field here and will know the situation. So the matter will rest for the present. f Layinfc. WiitcrMaln. , A six-Inch water inalnjis being laid on East Twenty-eighth? street, ifrom East1 Stark to the Sandy road. A considerable portion has been put down already, and the work Is progressing as 'fast as the weather will allow. It la desired to ex tend this main acrbss Sullivan's Gulch to a connection with the main In Irving' y addition, but this cannot be done at pres ent for the reason tlat East Twenty eighth street Is not Iniproved rjorthof the gulch. When the street Is improved the main will be extended northward. A water main will also be laid on East Burnslde street from East Eighteenth to East Twenty-fourth streets. Pipe, for a few blocks wjl be put jjown on Belmont street, Citizens of Sunnjrsfde ihaye yet token no action beyondcirculatinga. pe tition to the water committee asklnK for better pressure in that part of the city, After election a meeting will be called to appoint a committee, to call on the , water committee and present the peti tions and -urge the necessities of that district in, the matter of fife -protection. So much interest is involved In the "elec tion that no meeting will be &ela until after that is settled. Unregistered Voters. Wilbur Kerns, on East Burnsido street, and J. I. Wells, Grand avenue, have been putting many unregistered voters in condition to vote next Tuesday by affida vits. A large number, who had not reg istered, have thus been empowered to vote who could not otherwise have done so. It is found that a large majority of those who are having affidavits made out are Republicans. Mr. Wells has fixed up the papers for fully 60 up to yesterday, and Mr. Kerns nearly double that num ber. Out of that number 90 per cent are Republicans. -Monday there no doubt will be many more. This will be the best chance for the unregistered on the East Side to get their affidavits ready. On elec tion day it is not nearly so easy to hunt up six property-owners, and it will be far better to visit either of these two places Monday and get the matter set tled than wait till Tuesdays It is de sirable to swell the total vote as much as possible. Camp's First Meeting;. Gilbert Camp. No. 4, Spanish and Phil ippine War Veterans, will hold Its first meeting for the Winter season at the hall on the comer of .East Morrison street and Union avenue tomorrow evening. It GOLEX is the intention of the camp to hold reg ular meetings during the Winter, and also to provide for an entertainment once a month. Also at the opening an election of officers will take place. All veterans ore Invited to oil the meetings of the camp. Eairt Side Votes. Rev. C. A. Nutley, who has accepted a call to the pastorate of the Mount Tabor Baptist Church, will enter -on his work there today. He will ipr.each, morning and evening In that church. The llttlle daughter of Charles Follett, Watchman of the Southern Pacific round .house, fell and broke her left arm Wed nesday, above the elbow. The injury was attended to and she was made aa com fortable as possible. George Stand, who was whirled around a shaft several hundred times at Wolff. & Z wicker s Iron Works and badly bruised. Is rapidly recovering. He was not internally injured, as was feared might be the case, and he will soon be out on the street. Here and there is a man who profited by tho Halloween pranks, but the losses are more than the gains. Dr. Dav Raf fety, who lives in Brooklyn, was the gain er. He had been wanting a barrel for some time and was thinking of buying one, -but the morning after Halloween he was surprised as well as pleased to -find a very' fine barrel had been thrown into his yard. He argued that he was not responsible for the barrel being in his yard, and in order to get his rent out of the owner, he sawed the barrel in two, and appropriated it to his purpose. Dr. Charles Hill, however, who lives In the same neighborhood, lost a fine hitching post. The Sellwood Republican Club closed its work in the campaign with a lively meet ing Friday night, the second it has held. There was a large attendance "and much enthusiasm prevailed. Hon. B. F. Mulkey, a Gold Democrat, made the address, and it was a most excellent argument against the election of Bryan. Good music was provided. Sellwood will cost a big vote for McKlnley and Roosevelt. Nearly every residence there has the pictures of the Republican candidates. Dr. Wise, room 614 The Dekum. IN THE STREET COMMITTEE Straightening of" Seventh Street nt Ankeny Recommended. At a meeting of the street committee of ,the City Council yesterday, the remon strance against the improvement of Sev enth street, opposite the Hotel Portland, was not granted. The petitioners had asked that the street be paved with vit rified brick. The City Engineer's esti mates on the work have not yet been handed In. Change of grade on Kerby street; be tween Failing and Shaver, was recom mended, as per petition. TJie committee deferred action on the petition of the Oregon Packing Com pany, which asked for a franchise to lay a track on East Ninthstreet, to connect with the Southern Pacific Railroad. Fur ther consideration wll be given this sub ject. The straightening of Seventh street, at Ankeny, was recommended. The viewers appointed are: A. L. Maxwell, George Wdtkins and O. N. Rankin. Overlooked Quotation From Lincoln. PORTLAND, Nov. 3. (To ithe Editor.) Candidate Bryan and several of tho speak ers in his behalf in this campaign, in their attempt to array class against class, have been wont to cite fromtheVsaylngs, both real and posthmnous, of Abraham Lincoln, but they seem to have 'over looked the following very appropriate ad-' vice to voters, uttered by President Lin coln in 1S&1: That some may be rich ahovra that other may become rich, 'nnd hence is JusteriCourirsement to industry and enterprise. Let not him vrho Is homeless pull dovrn the house of an other, hut let him labor diligently and build one for himself; thus, by example, assuring- that hi ovrn shall lye sale from -violence when ..built. v CHARLES E. liOCKOOD. Work has been begun on the Walla "Wal- Ja bicycle paths. The bicycle- tax has yielded, xlaOO for this purpose. IRRIGATION -iN IDAHO REVIEW OF STSTEM EMPLOYED IPT BOISE VALLEY- How Double the Ares of Land Now "Watered Co old Be Reclaimed "Without Enlarelns Canals. WASHINGTON, Oct. 80,-The Depart ment of Agriculture has under prepara tion a report on the use of water in irri gation, which extends to several of the Western states, Idaho being among them. Tho report tor this state pertains particu larly to the Boise Valley, which is said to have an Irrigable area five times greater than the area now watered. The Depart ment is studying the question of how to increase the duty of the water so that the entire area, may be Irrigated. The ditches now in operation irrigate approximately 50.000 acres of land. The existing canals are described quite fully, and the different systems of supplying water are each taken up and discussed. It is thought that the amount of water which last year irrigated but 50,000 acres Is sufficient. If judiciously applied, to wa ter a much larger area. Much loss ot water has been entailed In the past be cause of Injudicious use. In concluding the report, the writer says: "The investigations show that a knowl edge of the conditions which influence the duty of water is a. fundamental neces sity in the improvement of Irrigation methods. The most effective method of promoting economy Is to show the loss produced by waste. This Is what the stu dies of the duty ot waer now being car ried on by the Department are doing. The results of the first year's measure ments In this valley show that fully one half of tho water now diverted by canals Is wasted. It is also shown that it is pos sible to reclaim more than twice the area ot land now watered without an enlarge ment of the canals now in use. The surest way to bring this 'about is to have the water contracts provide that canal com panies shall measure the volume delivered and farmers oniy to pay ror wnat they receive. "When the farmers are charged for water according to the number of acres they Irrigate, the temptation is to use the largest volume afforded them, rather than the quantity needed. This system requires a constant flow, and when no rebate Is given for the time the water Is shut off, the tendency Is to permit It to run contin uously. The volume wasted Is often a largo per centage of the volume supplied. "Where tho charge fqr water Is based on the volume used, the loss for Waste would be borne wholly by the Irrigator, as It should be. A charge for the volume employed would Tesult In a more Beneficial use of water. A larger area could then be irrigated and revenues derived from the Bale of water would be Increased. Under such circumstances the farmerwould care fully prepare the surface of his fields In order that the water might be applied In the shortest possible time. He would en deavor to determine tne quantity of "water actually required to produce the best re sults. Thus an interest would be encour aged In tho more accurate and scientific features of farming, which are always of incalculable benefit to every community. "The Inauguration of a uniform system of rotation would tend to Increase the duty of water and proportionately reduce the cost of irrigation. When this system is established, irrigation on each tract Is reduced to a routine, nd the best results are to be obtained at the minimum cost." o - HYPNOTIST LEE ANSWERS. He Pays His Compliments to John son' Lawyer. PORTLAND. NovTT (To the.Edltor.) On, my arrival here this morning my at tention was called to an article in your paper stating that a so-called firm of would-be lawyers, Joseph & Schlagel, had commenced a suit against me at the ap parent instigation of one Frank Johnson. The whole tenor of the article shows the venom of Joseph. There Is not a word of truth In any of their statement, ex cept that this man Johnson was in Bakersfield, and during my engagement there came on the platform. After the entertainment he asked my manager, Mr. Westover, for assistance for himself and partner, as they claimed they had T.a.6. nothing to eat and no money, and were tramping to San Francisco. Mr. Westover assisted them to reach Oakland, where they also camo on the platform several nights, but at no time at the request of either Mr. Westover or myself. Sev eral weeks later, while we were passing through San Francisco, this man John son begged me for assistance, saying- that neither he nor his partner had anything to eat nor any way of getting anything, and I assisted him again. That is all the connection he has ever had with the Lees. He has never been in our employ nor was he ever put to sleep in a window, or was he ever used as a test subject. The statements made to such an effect are absolute falsehoods and undoubtedly ad vanced by Joseph to give this man a seeming claim as having been employed by us. Joseph simply thought the article In the paper would injure me, as he knows full well -that this so-called suit is simply buncombe. I knew that Mr. Joseph had prepared his mode of attacking me befdre he came on the platform the last night of my engagement here, and finding his attempt a failure and what a fool he made of himself it has made him so sore that he had to resort.to this client to try and reveilge himself. Tho gentlemen "of -the Arlington Club are certainly mora reliable and able to judge than a man who shows himself such an ignoramus as Mr. Joseph has, I' again emphatically deny that I owe this man Johnson 1 cent, never have, nor has he ever been employed by this comr pany They could have sued me while I was here and attached me if these state ment are true. S. A. LEE. Crolcer and McKenna. CORNUCOPIA, Or., Oct. 30. (To the Editor.) Please state, through the col umns of your paper, what the trouble was between Richard Croker, of New York, and John M. McKenna In 1874. I note that Croker was tried for the murder of McKenna, and the Jury disagreed. Why was he never tried the second time? WHITE BREAD EATERS Pin Their Faith to a. Shadow. "I was always a. .great white bread eater, together with pastry, hot biscuit, and generally used coffee. "For some years therewere no notice able effects from thlsdlet, but finally the inevitabe happened. My strength began to fail, mind grewvdull and stupid.' I could eat but little food and could not digest that. "I had always been of a happy and sunny disposition, but now became mo- trose and miserable andU verjrLcranky to .the'other memberjs of te family. nnn mornlne-a. -nrrw foorHinlln fJiTi- Nuts appeared on the table. I discovered it had a different taste than"" the usual, health foods. There was a rich, pleasant flavor that seemed to satisfy me per fectly. I became fascinated with Grape Nuts. "I have now used this food three 'months, my 'strength has increased great ly my mina is now as clear as a bell. -and I can go through the wear and tear of a day without feeling at all exhausted. I sleep perfectly and have gained up ward of 10 pounds in weight. "I have noticed that strong, healthy people enjoy Grape-Nuto as. well as sick npnnln flnr! 4f coma ..nl.K mn fnour&hmenQ than meat oi any food & but please omit my name." J , FJatts- mouth, Neb., P. O. box 8SL This man name will be given by the Postum Cereal XCo., 'Ltd., Battl Creek. Mich. :: FWW A. Swollen. Face, the Characteristic Epldemlo Symptom. ,ef Cold er Tlc-doloureux Swelled Fac The doctors say this year that enldemlo Grip has taken on a new phase, the first symptom being a puffing up of one side1 of the face, extending ever to the clos ing of the eye. It Is accompanied by netv rolglc pains and by most of the- old well known symptoms of Influenza, Catarrh pains and soreness in the Head and Chest, Cough and.Sore Throat, General Prostra tion and .Fever. v "77" meets the epldemlo condition and cuts it short promptly. If it should not yield at once, alternate with Speclflo No. 8. At druggists,, 35c. Dr. Humphreys' Manual on, the care and treatment of the si.qk In all ail ments (especially children),, mailed, free. Humphreys' Homeopathic Medicine Co.. Cor. "William & John Sts.. New York. Was thore ever before a candidate for President of the United States whtf hob nobbed with the leaders and publicly en dorsed Tammany as Bryan did at his re cent reception in Now York Cityr F. C. DOBEER. Croker killed MoKenna as the result of a political brawl. He was regarded as the aggressor, and has been described by Independent papers as a murderer. He was not tried' again, presumably through political influence. Other Democratic can didates for President have had more o less intimate relations with, Tammany. QUICK CHICAGO SERVICE, Introduction ot Automobile Cab Service In Connection "With the Baltimore & Ohio Trains In Chicago. " The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Com pany has sprung a'surprlso with tho an nouncement of Its Intention to. establish on July 1 an electric automobile cab serv ice In Chicago, for the accommodation of passengers to and from Grand Central Passenger Station. These autdmo&lles are of the latest elec tric patterns, absolutely noiseless In re gard to machinery and running gear. They wjll carry the name of the Balti more & Ohio Railroad, and -nfll be in charge of experienced uniformed inotor men. The rates for this extraordinary servlca are extremely reasonable, 50 cents per pas ser.ger to and from the center of the city, and tho details absolutely prohibit ex tortion. It has been arranged so that passengers on Incoming trains can place their -orders for cabs with train conductors before ar riving In Chicago, which will be tele graphed ahead, thus Insuring satisfactory service. For outgoing passengeri, orders will be taken at Baltimore & Ohio ticket offices. This Is a decided Innovation In Chicago, and In harmony with a similar service which the Baltimore & Ohio recently es- tabllshed at Washington and Phlladel--phla, where it has met with much suc cess, and has become a inost papular feature with passengers on the Baltimore1 & Ohio Railroad. !Appoal(i From Collector' Ratings Judge Estee has made a ruling in a Chi nese Immigration case, to the effect that the United States District Courts, are not called upon to review the decisions of tha Collector of the Ports In the matter of admitting Chinese. he court was ap pealed to In the case Of Ching Afoo, who was refused admittance on arriving from Hong Kong, and the Judge ruled thatt the appeals in such cases should be mad or to the Treasury Department, except ins urgent cases. REPUBLICAN CAMPAIGN IN BEHALF OF McKinley and Roosevelt; Tb -Republican Etata Central CommltUo ofj Oregon announces the following assignment! of speakers for tn Presidential campaign of) 1900. JUDGE GEORGE H. "WILLIAMS. The Dalles Monday, Nov. IB HOJf. JOHX II. MITCHELL. Heppner ... Monday. Nor. 9i COXrONETi J. B. EDDY. Sherwood , .....Monday, Nov. Hi GOVERNOR T. T. GEER. Forest Grove ...Monday, ttor. W HON. THOMA5AH, TONGUE. Astoria. ..,.,.,. .M.. Slpriday, Nov. B HON. RUFUS MALLORY. "Woodbcrn Monday, Nov. JR C. A. BELL, ESQ. Woodbum Monday, Nov. R HON. TILMON FORD. Mount Angel ............. ..... Monday, -Nor. 8 SENATOR C. W. FULTON. Ashland Monday. Nov. 8- HON". 8. B. HUSTON. Cornelius Monday, Nov. 0 COLONEL S. C. SPENCER. Brownsville Monday, Nor. 8 F. F. FREEMAN, ESQ. Brownsville- Monday, Nov. 8 JUDGE J. O. MORELAND. Kahuna, ,.. Monday, Nov. 8 GEO. A. STEEL. Chairman. WILLIS B. UUNIWAY. Secretary. 309 Washington St. Mfmr W B it 1 II tl -fl 9 ft bh I mriJiM 111 HMf FELLOWS - - 25 Cents Two Pounds Soft-Shell'Engllsti' "Wul- nuts New Crop. s " 8 Pounds New BlackFigs for 25 Cents, $1.00 - -' Gallon Can Pure Maple Syrup. 40 Cents ';" " t r Gallon Fancy Table Syrup. 60 Cents Gallon Open -Kettle New Orleans Mo "' lasses. f ' : ' 20 Cents .,. . 10-Pound Sack Nebraska Cornmeal 25 Cents ,v 10-Pound Sack Farina v 25 Cents , 3 Quarts1 Choice Cranberrte. , 75 Cents'" .Sack-Valley Flo.