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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 19, 1900)
THB SUNDAY OBEGONIAN, POTLA!!), 'AUGUST 19, 1900. ;te zzeamaxt & 0ccozu3d&fii Tn it f tirTi TELEPHONES, notorial Booms. .186 Busiaesst Ofioa..fl87 litVlSED EUB5CBXR30K RATES. Br Jall (postage prepaid). la Aaraao Pally, wlthSuaday, per month... ...-$3 85 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year..... ? W Dally, with Sunday, per year....... 00 Sander, per year ............-........ 2 00 Tb Weekly, per year..........-. 1 $ Tfee "Weekly. 3 months............ To CSty Subscribers Pally, per week, delivered, Sunday xoepted.l5o Dally, per week. delivered, Sundays lacJaded-sOo POSTAGE HATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: 10 to 16-page paper ............ ...... .....lo 1C to 22-page paper .........................So Foreign rates double. Paget Sound Bureoa Captain A. Thompson, dace at 1111 Pacific avenue, Tacoac Box SS5, Taooma postof&ce. Eastern Business Oface Th Tribune build in, New Torfc City; "The Rookery. Chicago; the B. C. Beckwlth special agency. Kerr Tork. For sale In San Franciitco by J. K. -Cooper, T Market otreat. rear the Palace hotel, and at Goldsmith Bros 236 Butter strett. For eole In Chicago by the P. O. New Co 1? Dearborn street. TODAY'S "WTEATHEB, Fair sad probably warmer; northerly winds. POaTLAKD, SOTfDAY, AUGUST 19, THE CASD SIMPIiT STATED. Attempting: to reply to a statement that appeared in The Qregonlan, the iDugene Guard says: Let us call attention to aonie Indisputable facts: The Filipinos had driven the Spaniards to refuse In Manila, and when Dewey de stroyed the Spanish fleet before that city and obtained the surredner of the forts thereabout Spanish control and power In the Islands came to an end. Examine the Filipino title: Possession of the land of their birth, gained by a successful appeal to arms. Read the Im mortal Declaration of Independence, then ask your conscience If we should hold those alien patriots alion both as to .strains of blood and country ns subjects and vassals? We have faith that the conscience of the people of this great Republic will not allow them to commit this great wrong this breach of faith with former allies. First, let ns say that the facts stated are not indisputable. They are not facts at alL They are not truth, but notions to truth opposite. The Guard of course never has paid any attention to the report of the Philippine Commis sion. It never has examined the state ments of Admiral Dewey, Colonel Denby, Dr. "Worcester, or any authority that could give information at first hand. It takes its knowledge from par usan utterances, prepared ana ar ranged for the purposes of a political campaign against the bogy of ''imperi alism," just as hitherto it has taken its economic knowledge from the parti san philosophy of slzteen-tc-one. Now here are facts: There was no war In the Philippines when Dewey came. There had been an insurrection not for independence, but for reforms. Spain overcame the rebel lion, partly by fighting, partly by prom ising the reforms, and partly by brib ing Agulnaldo and other leading "pa triots," with heavy sums of money, to lsave the islands. "War broke out be tween Spain and the United States. Dewey's business was to attack Ma nila and destroy the SpanlBh fleet lying there. Then he needed a land force to aid in holding the port, and Agulnaldo applied for permission to come over and help in the organization of a native militia. In making this request Aguln aldo did not ask for independence. He was to be under Dewey's direction. But he soon began to poison the minds of the natives against the United States a.nd when he had got a considerable quantity of arms, and saw that Spanish sovereignty was at an end, he pro claimed himself dictator and prepared to fight the forces of the United Stateh "When he thought the opportune mo ment had come, he attacked our troops. This, in brief, Is the whole matter. It was perfectly allowable, entirely within the usages of war, for Dewey tc arm the natives to fight the Spaniards. But that did not commit the United States to any promise of independence t them. Such promise was not even implied. We had taken the country precisely as we took California, And in fact, the Filipinos rendered us no actual service. Troops soon arrived from the United States, who did the land fighting. The natives were as peer soldiers in the employ of the United States as they have since been as enemies of the United States. Not only did they not "gain possession ol the land of their birth by a successful appeal to arms," but they had proved utterly incapable of doing It, and long before the Americans came they had desisted from the attempt and Aguln aldo had left the Islands to enjoy the bribe the Spaniards had promised him. .ttere are uie leaamg tacts, xt is a case of simple rebellion. The title of the United States is as good as any title we have to acquired territory. "Whether we shall stay or quit is an other question. And that includes the question on! the one hand whether it Is good policy to stay, and on the other whether we shall be ruled by courage or by cowardice. "We have the right political and moral, before the whole world, to stay, and it has not been the habit of this people to flunk, in their undertakings. No white feather party has ever been In favor with the people of the United States. TWO SEPARATE SriIERES. Human achievement, like everything else in the world, is "beset by many snares of chance and circumstance Some accident of heredity, or early en vironment, or early reading, may make or mar the career of the phenomena! mind. The output of a man born and reared, in the depths of London will be different from the output of a similarly constituted man formed under Italian skies by the beauty and traditions ol Venice or Naples. A scene that met his eyes on hi6 voyage on the Beagle de termined Darwin's career, with all it means to mankind. If Cromwell had come to America with his Puritan neighbors, as legend says he planned to do, how different might England's his tory have been and America's! If Keats had had strong lungs, if Poe had not been spoiled in childhood, if j Grant had been prosperous in 1S61 in stead of looking for a place, if Bur chard had missed the Blaine dinner, II Dewey hadn't cut the cable we should have been living today in an entirely different world. If, then, fortuity can effect so much in human destiny, what risks does great achievement not run oi being wrecked or marred by a vital weakness in the foundation upon which the individual has reared the fabric, of his life-work? These reflections are in duced by contemplation of the career of Mr. Herbert Spencer, whose "First Principles," amended, are announced Elxauttaaeoasly with "Spencer and Speacerism," by a learned and enthu siastic follower. Mr. Spencer's career has beea a success in many ways, but It is going1 to f a.11, probably, in one Im portant sense, and the aeriousness ol the failure can only be apprehended correctly dn full view of the magnitude of his undertaking. The nineteenth century has witnessed only one mind comparable in greatness with the mind of Herbert Spencer, and that was the mind of Napoleon Bona parte. In each of them, lofty compre hension, iron will and capacity for de tails is seen on a plane far above thd levels at which ordinary lr.fi imn nature is forced to toll. Such a mind was Shakespeare's; such Lord Bacon's; such, in its peculiar sphere, was Burke's. Such, among the ancients was Aristotle. In Napoleon and in Her bert Spencer we see our poor mortal faculties lifted into regions almost miraculous. There we find, if ever, ac curate use of such terms as inspired vision, superhuman energy, infinite ca pacity. Mr. Spencer can sit down with a group of specialists, one in botany, one in comparative anatomy, one in. chemistry, and so on, and when the ' conference Is' over each will have found that in the study to which he hat devoted his life-work his knowledge ie Inferior to that of Mr. Spencer. The whole field of science, history, literature and politics contributes to his synthetle philosophy. His appeal Is addressed to so heterogenous an audience that he la frequently embarrassed through inabil ity of his readers to-understand him. The man of letters lacks the scientific spirit, the specialist lacks the breadth of view. Here is a man, therefore, that has brought all knowledge Into his purview and corrected a multitude of errors in every department of investigation. H has demonstrated the unity of knowl edge, one of the most momentous facts of all time, and be has set limitations to both scientific and religious ambi tions which succeeding generations, however much they chafe at, shall not cross. "Where, then, does he fall? Mr Spencer's philosophy fails because il persists in igrioring the religious senti ment as founded in truth and in seek ing to explain the soul in terms ol physical science. ,He offers to religion the empty formula that the source ol all things is inscrutable, but the offer it unscientific because it can never satisfy the demand it proposes to satisfy. Mr. Spencer was once asked, with others, to name some hymn that had helped him. He could recall none. A- source of solace and help to myriads was to him valueless, because he lacked the elements to which it appealed. Light falls uselessly on the blind, and so the voice of religious meditation falls use lessly upon the soul that is destitute of the religious instinct. The man who imagines that when he has demonstrated the inapplicability ol religion in the domain of physical fact he has overthrown It utterly, Is no more sound than the churchman who seeks to demonstrate the applicability of religious sentiment and feeling to the world of physical fact, "We smile at the enthusiast who appeals to the ecstasy of faith as sufficient reason for disbelief in the conclusions of. our senses, and we are right. But the sci entist is equally at fault who offers tc bring us our religion from the labora tory. Man feels In some way, obscure but persistent, a relationship to the Author of all things, a duty of obedi ence to the universal scheme and a sense of nearness to the unseen world. He cannot employ this emotion success fully to overthrow the facts of physical science, nor can the facts of physical science be successfully employed to eradicate that emotion. They who Imagine that religion is a humbug and that all Its devotees are charlatans, are quite as ridiculous In their way as the old fellows who believed chemistry and music to be Inventions of the Evil One. If Mr. Spencer could convert, the world to his way of thinking, there would be no place in it for such reflections -as are printed elsewhere on this page un der the heading, "The Great Inquiry." THE FERMAXEJfT IX IiITERATURE. The English critic, Henley, speaks a word of truth when -In defense of By ron's heroines he says they are not so remote from reality or less Interesting than Tennyson's "faintly smiling Ad eline," or his "May Queen," with her consumptive cough, and further says: On the whole, it looks as though Matthew Arnold had but grasped half the truth when ho said that Byron and Wordsworth would head the procession of nineteenth century .Eng lish poets Into the "mist and bum" of the twentieth century- It may be Shelley and Byron; it may be Byron and Keats; it may ba Byron and Coleridge. But, whoever the one, the other will certainly be Byron. - So far aB Byron Is concerned, Mr. Henley Is right, for, despite Byron's lapses in grammar and other defects which make it impossible to rank him as a poet's poet, nevertheless Byron had much of that exhaustless sincerity and strength that make a permanent mark In literature. His best verse is distin guished by energy, condensation, elo quence, -wit, pathos, and he excelled all the poets of his century in description and meditation. Macaulay points out that "what "Wordsworth said like a reoluse Byron- said like a man of the world, with more perspicuity, energy and conciseness." Cultivated men of outdoor life and conspicuous mental virility always have Byron at their tongue's end, because he is pre-eml-J nently the poet of strenuous life. The time will never come when Byron will cease to be read by cultivated men of worldly action and endeavor as sep arated from the purely contemplative, delicate quality. Homer's great char acters are always human and always heroic, though not romantic Shakes peare's great figures are at once hu man, heroic and romantic, as Othello and Hamlet among his men and Imogen among his women. Shakespeare's great women are all human, heroic and ro mantic, for even Lady Macbeth is heroic, even as Milton's Satan is heroic, and she Is in her way as romantic as Juliet, for she flung away her soul to make her husband King. Now, while there is a long distance between Byron and the great poets of the first Tank, nevertheless he holds a high place and will always hold It among those writers of genius who stand for the permanent in ilterature. with all p'ecple whose World is peopled" with flesh and blood, thinking men and women in distinction from squeaking, pale, attenuated aes thetes, in art, life and literature.' Byron's bestjwork fairly stands for the permanent in thev literature of hu man nature. He does not In his wildest work drop to naturalism, the grim nightslde, the poisonous,. deadly night shade, the typhoid-breeding; night soil of nature. Byron's genius, with all hl3 Imputed morbidity, was intensely man ly in Its quality. It rose to terror; it dropped to mirth, but It never sank to the level of painting the repulsive hab its, mannerisms and contortlous of lm beclle, chattering and grinning human apes. He had no taint of that so-called naturalism that has no more place in poetry than the realism of an autopsy. He painted at his best by a few master strokes pictures powerful In their slm- pUdty; he had a. natural hate of pro lixity In speech or articulation In art. Grant that Byron exhibited only one man and only one woman; neverthe less he could always make them speak with vast sincerity and strength. There is a long distance between Shakespeare's Richard TH, his Iago, his Othello, his Timon and any of Byron's best work; and yet after Shakespeare and Milton It is probable that Byron has more of the vitality of permanent literature in his work than any other English poet. He Is not a great artiBt; he la not a man of dramatic genius, but for sincerity and strength of voice that appeals powerfully, to the largest number of men of vigorous minds and clear understanding Byron Is easily the most vital poet of our century. It was Carlyle that half In jest and half in earnest replied to the question whether Jesus Christ was not a. greater man than Shakespeare: "Jesus Christ was a very great man; but Falstaff was not In him." Falstaff, the top of Shakespeare's humorous Invention, is Immortal because his humor rests on the broad lines of human nature. He delighted Queen Elizabeth beyond measure, but not more than he contin ues to delight England of Victoria's day; he has delighted all the reading world of England from the days of Bacon down to our own day. He stands for the permanent In literature, even, as does Cervantes, Rabelais, Scott and' Thackeray. Carlyle's refusal to set Jesus Christ higher In the ranks of human greatness than Shakespeare be cause "FalBtaff was not in him" was his quaint way of saying that Shakes peare stood at the top of the permanent In literature, and that, because he did, he was earth's greatest man. To this extent, that Byron Is and promises to continue to be the most vital poet of our century. Mr. Henley is right in placing him, with all his defects, above Tennyson and Brown ing, for he is a world's poet, not a poet's poet. He is not a great artist In poetry, like Tennyson, but .he Is the eloquent, vibrant voice of the men of strenuous life In war and business and politics that are always reached by a man at once of vast sincerity and strength. The great thinkers and writers of Ger many, France and Italy take off their hats to Byron's genius, but, they do not thlnla at all about Tennyson or Browning. The reason Is that. In read ing Byron's best work it is so sur charged with his powerful personality of sincerity and strength that we both see and hear "the man behind the gun." The energy of his manner, the vigor of his note, implies that its author was not only a great poet, but a bold and daring man, a strong swimmer, a resolute pugilist, a cool fencer a deep water sailor and an heroic soldier, a man of intense virility, vivacity, versa tlllty, in peace or war. "WHAT KBXTt The immediate purpose of the "rush" expedition to Pekin has been attained by the relief of the beleaguered Lega tions, and the natural query Is, "What will the allies do next? So far as the United States is concerned, our Gov ernment has already made it plain that, after the liberation of the foreign envoys,-ltwlll have no subject of deba,te with the Chinese Government beyond the amount of the pecuniary indemnity to be paid, and beyond the assurance to be given against the reperpetratlon of such outrages. Such assurance would, of course, not be complete with out the punishment of the guilty plot ters and executives of these gross wrongs. Our Government has never held that a state of war exists between us and China, and will settle by diplo macy all questions arising between it and the Pekin Government. Our Gov ernment," if punishment of the guilty should be refused, or If Its demand that the government at Pekin should be placed In hands strong enough to guar antee for the future the safety of for eign envoys should be treated with contempt, might be compelled to en force Its ultimatum again by force of arms; but beyond this the United States not only does not seek to coerce China into cession of trltory or to aid in the destruction of its military power, or in the partition of its empire. The United States not only refused to fire on the Taku forts, but it has since pledged Itself with Japan to oppose by" its diplomatic influence the further mil itary humiliation of China or further reduction of the territorial authority of the Chinese Empire. Great Britain is sure to support the United States and Japan in their determination to pre vent, as far as possible, by their dip lomatic Influence, any further extortion of territory from China. - The behavior of Russia and Germany, both at present and in the past, fore shadows an attempt to crush utterly the military strength of China and -to extort further cession of territory. The sending of Field Marshal Count Von "Waldersee to the command of the Ger man forces In .China Is a significant fact. He is not only a soldier, but a Statesman of high rank, and it is be lieved that he goes to China really -as the representative of the triple alliance of Germany, Austria and Italy; and .11 Is not improbable that Germany haa a secret understanding with Russia and thereby with France. The number of soldiers thus far ordered from Germany to China will not exceed altogether 30, 000 men, an army large enough, to gether with the forces of Russia and France, to execute the Implied purpose, of these powers of the. further military humiliation and territorial mutilation of China, The United States, Japan and Great Britain will cheerfully join with these powers In demanding that guilty offi cials be punished, that the safety of foreigners for the future must be as sured by placing Chinese administra tion onr a new basis; that the Viceroys who have observed treaty rights shall be protected, and that new Viceroys shall replace those who have aided, abetted or submitted to the mob? The United States, with England and Japan, is concerned in the reorganization of Chinese administration in the Interest of order at home and freedom, of trade abroad; but it will not go beyond this and permit Russia, Germany and France to work the wanton further de struction of China's military strength and territorial integrity. These powers will not permit this.to be done because to permit It would mean the slamming of the "open door" in their faces, to be bolted and barred against them in the I matter of freedom of trade; and fur thermore, our Government cannot af ford to permit the execution of a policy that would be sure to set not only the northern provinces, but all China, aflame with war; war that would last many years; war that would be an eco nomic curse to all parties, and a gigan tic commercial blunder. The German press announces that "Count "Waldersee's instructions pro vide for the permanent occupation of the most Important Chinese centers until the powers are completely reim bursed for the- expenses of the war." Of course, such permanent occupation would soon mean the partition of China, which- It1 Is shrewdly suspected -Is Ger many's fundamental aim. Germany's arbitrary seizure of the Bay of Kiao Chou and the adjoining district is at thfr bottom of the present troubles. This act, ostensibly provoked by the murder of two obscure German mission aries, lurnlshed the pretext for the suc cessive mutilations of Chinese territory at the hands of Russia, Great Britain and France, and it is probable that Germany, for the murder of her Min ister in Pekin, means to insist upon the cession of further territory as the only acceptable reparation. Russia has al ready shown by her recent absolute an nexation of the' Chinese port of New Chwang, and her suspiciously exclusive control of the Tien Tsin railway, that she proposes to make the present diffi culty of China her opportunity perma nently to, occupy more territory. France will be sure to approve the pol icy of Russia. This is the present pur pose of Germany," Russia and France, but It cannot possibly succeed in face of the morar opposition of the United States, joined to the military and naval power,of Great Britain and Japan. The un'ltedv naval strength of Great Britain and Japan, backed by Japan's admira ble army of 175,000 men, cduld dispos sess Russia and Germany of every port they, hold, in China today, and fortify them" against recapture long: before the soldiers of Germany and Russia and the ships of France could come to the rescue. But when we remember that behind the disciplined army and navy of Great! Britain and Japan would be reorganized, disciplined, armed and em battled the millions of China under English officers of the Gordon quality, we see how utterly hopeless would be any attempt of the Continental powers of Europe to forcibly execute any fur ther mutilation of China that Great Britain and Japan refused to permit. The ships- of England and Japan are on the, ground. The soldiers of Japan are near at hand, and England could send 100,000 seasoned veterans from Durban to Tien Tsln long before the armies of the? Czar and Kaiser could arrive. Fi nally, the cost of such a war would be too enormous for Russia or France to undertake. The Tillamook Herald says: "The Oregonlan's opposition to McKlnley Is the result of pique. Mr; Scott was not allowed to dictate the Administration' patronage In this state. And that's all there Is of it" This Is as silly as false and false as silly. Mr. Scott neither attempted nor desired to "dictate the Administration's patronage In this state." He neither urged nor named any man for any office, or any office for any man. If he ever signed a re quest for "patronage" for any man, It was done In connection with others, be cause the paper was, brought to him. This is one kind o thing he never liked) as all know who have tried to get his name. "Wanting no office for himself, not even the highest the state or the President could bestow, he hat not been agonizing to get place and patronage for others. But, with a mix ture of amusement and disgust, he has often noted how the little organs and little politicians dwell on "office" and "patronage" as the chief good and fina; hope of man. The remark of the little fellow at Tillamook discovers another oi 'em. If he hasn't the Postofflce already he ought to have it. The law that gives officers and men serving In Cuba, Porto Rico, Hawaii and the Philippines extra pay takes it away from them when they reach Chi nese territory. The heat endured by the Ninth and Fourteenth regular in fantry in the march from Tien Tsln to Pekin-Is described as more severe than the heat of the Philippines, and the hardships otherwise encountered are not less than fall to the lot of the sol dier in the climate of Luzon, Cuba, Porto Rico or Hawaii; but these regl menta will lose In China the extra pay they had In Luzon. This is"due entire ly to the error made by Congress In stupidly specifying certain outlying possessions where American troops were serving and to which extra pay was confined. The just compensation of soldiers and officers could have been secured to them while they were doing arduous and dangerous duty In China through a simple and general phrase ology of law. If, it be true that certain European anarchists have selected to murder President McKlnley, nothing but eter nal vigilance on part of our secret de tective service w.lll save him from the fate of the late King Huriibert, of Italy. An anarchist can reach the person of the Czar of Russia, In spite of the bay onets by which he Is surrounded, be cause the anarchist takes no thought as to how he shall escape. He takes his life In his hands, expecting to sacrifice it to accomplish his .-purpose. If the Czar of Russia, the President of the French ReDubllc and the Kaiser of .."Germany are not safeagainst the pis tols or bombs of anarchists, certainly our President is not more secure, If It be true that he has been doomed to death by the International brotherhood of assassins. ' Congress ought to re-qnact the law of June 17, 1850, by virtue of which the President was authorized, whenever exigencies of the service required It, to increase the enlisted strength of com panies "serving at the several military posts on the "Western frontier and at remote and distant stations," and under that law the Army in 1860 was aug- .mented by 509S, making the total 18,122. "Whatever may be the permanent in crease of the Army, it Is sound public policy that the President shall be af forded the power to augment the strength of the Army, In the language of the law of 1850, "whenever the exi gencies of the service require It." "With such a privilege the President would not be forced to call an extra session of Congress to meet sudden and grave emergencies. The British action in Shanghai is purely precautionary. "Whatever else may happen elsewhere, England is de termined to keep the Tangtge Valley open to the world's trade. If this can be done by maintenance of Chinese au thority unimpaired, so much the better; If not, the British will step into the breach, for England Is always per fectly prepared to fight for her own hand in the Tangtse Valley. "In those days there went out a de cree from Caesar that all the world should be taxed." Need we remind our beloved readers In Portland that this Is Holy Scripture? Then why are thejj making a roar about the "blanket ordinance"? SLINGS AND ARROWS. T&e Liberty Ooasress. O liberty, fair liberty, yotfra tx eaf bases at last; Tha days when yea were languishing ara happily all past. A. congress has assembled ta ertmtfl your blessings o'er The Islands where tha casnlbal sjsya his meals once more. The right to stab and carre end pa shall be no more assailed. The wlelder of bolo knife shall sot ba hanged or Jailed. The bushman and the Zulc chief shall both be great and free; Proclaimed, throughout the earQ'a"'JonJsJn3 ta glorious llbertyi O llbertyi fatr liberty! th branlsa'o beeCtag brow. Shall never frown again, beoaosa hoIlj know your blessings now. Tho croolc andVeke the i bunco-man, shall ply their worthy trade, Untrammeled by oppressrre law, unharmed and unafraid; And Agulnaldo, nobla chief, shall bid his, min ions kill The alien white men in his Isle or torture . them at will.. No more subdued by goTtrmment bis Iron . pride, shall bo, Ho'Uj walk erect mark, walk, isot ,"rca ta glorious liberty. , O llbertyi "fair Ubertyt thy oartns Prtt sh&mos Tho coward Sheriff end madmen who hunted. Jesse James. The martyr anarchists who wield tha freeing dynamite. And blow the palaces of Kings and Princes out of sight. Shall no more know ths felon's cstli shall no more be oppressed. By that most haunting, crmeti fear, the terror of arrest. When this great conyreso wozSt to doso, alike shall all men be; They'll kill and steal where'er they please In glorious liberty. Be-trare of ZCinsa. "Kings bring ua ruin," said the an archist. "That's right," replied his fellow-traveler. "I lost my- pllo on threo of them only yesterday." Our Menus of Defense. They have bottled Bryan's speeches. So that those who run may hear. And the phonograph now shouts them. Just like Willie, loud and clear. Still we're not left quit defenseless. For they're Just engraved on wax. And, unlike the man who spoke them, Can be silenced with on ax. Advice. Break, break, break. On thy cold gray stones, oh, sea. And when you're broke Just go aad soak. Full many a gem liko me. Not in Portland. With elephants and ostriches. And three big glittertny rings. With emua and camelopards, And other curious things; With many grand and beautiful, And wild and wondrous sights. With dinky little ponies, and "With ladies dressed In tights. The circus which was bound this way. Although it may seem queer. Despite the flaring bills we'll bare No show at all this year. To Fldo, Rover, et el. All you long and narrow, dachshunds; all you bulldogs low and square; All you wire-logged greyhounds, with a breast that cleaves the air; All you small and woolly poodles; all you pugs with smoky face, There is mighty trouble brewing for the whole great canine race; Tou had best get up and travel mongrel, puppy, whelp and hound, For it's going to cost three dollars Just to have a dog around. Folks begrudged the scant one-nftb that you coat them heretofore. And you'll find out to your sorrow, they'll not stand for any more. Is there any dog among you that begins to earn his keep? Is there any dog that's willing to do more than eat and sleep? Then get ready for a sojourn tn the dark and gloomy pound. For it's going to cost tljree dollars Just to have a dog around. Oh, you bell-tongued night-disturbers, who are wont to bay the moon. Keeping us awake at midnight with your wierd, uncanny tune. Oh, you yapping little lapdogs who delight to i bite and snap. Do you think when you are buried that we'll care a single rap? We will glory In tho future when not one of you is found. And we'll give up no three dollars Just to have a dog around. Then good-bye to growls and barking, and good-bye to yelps and howls, For we'll leave the all-night concerts to the wild and hooting owls, What a strange and peaceful city we will have when you're no more. How we'll wonder at the bedlam we endured in days of yore! Yet, hold on, we didn't mean It, no we wouldn't see you drowned. And we'll gladly give three dollars Just to have a dog around. The Chief Attraction. Now doth the merry seaside maid, Down by the raging main. Find that her greatest pleasure is To go and meet the train. The Noblest Game. There's a limited enchantment. In the stalking of the deer, There's a pleasure hunting tigers, Which" la not unmixed with fear; There's a thrilling, chilling feeling, , When we hear the warning cry, In the low swamps of the Jungle, Of the hippopotami. But of all the sportsman's pleasure. There is nothing like the spell. Of a morning by the seashore, When the clams are biting well. J. J. MONTAGUE. Commerce Alcin to ReUjrlon. Ainsleo's Magaahie. In the three branches of religion, edu cation and medicine, who can deny that the Christian missionaries have not al ready conferred benefits upon the Chi nes beyond nil calculation! But they have done more. They have helped to awaken China from her lethargy and to start her stagnant Ideas Into motion. Our civil engineers are surveying the vast ter ritory of China for projected rail ways; but they are being aided by information furnished the pioneer mis sionaries. Our merchants are closely fol lowing .the missionary routes to open up lucrative trade. The flag of commerce always follows close behind the banner of the cross, and he who would check the progress of the bearer of that banner necessarily Injures the interests of the flag of commerce. jr The Voracity of the Earth. Boston Globe. 8ome 400 miles southeast of the old city of Kashgar, far out la the yellow desola tion of the Desert of Gobi, the great Swedish explorer Sven Hedln saw some thing! prcjectlrife- from the smooth side of one of the long dunes. -It was the wooden roof of a house. Further investigation showed" that it was but one of thousands. A teeming city of highly civilized Aryans had long existed on this spot until the earth had tired of it and wiped It out. School Mastera "Who Travel. Chicago Tribune. The little town of Stanley, in the Falk land Islands, possesses the most unique school service ever known. Two toyel ing schoolmasters are provided qHthe government, who visit the dlfferenffaml lies where there are children and give instruction. The length of their visit de pends on the astuteness of the children and they may spend days and weeks, as the case may be, at one house alone. THE GREAT INQUIRY. We have not only to account for the origin of religion in rude minds, but for its persistency la the cultivated. A suf ficient explanation of this may perhaps be found in the small limits of man's certain knowledge and the boundlessness of his desire to know. Human existence is girt around with mystery; the narrow region of our experience Is a small Island in the midst of a boundless sea, which at once awes our feelings and stimulates our Imagination by Its vastness and obscur ity. To add to the mystery, the domain of our earthly existence Is not only an island in infinite space, but also In in finite time. The past and the future are alike Bhrouded from us; we neither know the origin of anything which Is, nor Its final destination. If we feel deeply in terested In knowing that there are myr iads of worlds at an immeasureable. and to our faculties inconceivable, distance from us inspace; if we are eager to dis cover what little, wo can about these worlds, gand when we cannot know what they are," can never satiate ourselves with speculating on what they may be; is it not a matter of far deeper interest to us to learn, or even to conjecture, from whence came this nearer world which wo lnhabitt What cause or agency made It? What it is. and on what powers depend its future fate? Who would not desire this more ardently than any other con ceivable knowledge, bo long as there ap peared the slightest hope of attaining it? What would not one give for any credi ble tidings from that mysterious region and glimpse Into It which might enable us to see tha smallest light through its darkness, especially any theory of it which we could believe, and which rep resented it as tenanted by a benignant and not a hostile Influence? But since we are able to penetrate Into that region with the imagination only, assisted by specious but inconclusive analogies de rived from human agency and design, im agination is free to fill up the vacancy with the Imagery most congenial to It self; sublime and elevated If it be a lofty Imagination, low and mean if it be a grovelling one. Religion Is the product of the craving to know whether these imaginative conceptions have qualities in them answering to some other world than ours. The mind, in this state, eager ly catches at any rumors respecting other worlds, especially when delivered by persons whom it deems wiser than It self. In this posture, It demands proph ets, and presupposes in them a super natural wisdom and power of revela tion." John Stuart Mill, "Essays on Re ligion." TTha earth is a great lottery wheel, which at every revolution on its axl3 receives fifty thousand raw souls and turns oft nearly the same number, worked up more or less completely. There must be a population somewhere of two hundred thousand millions, perhaps ten or a hundred times as many, earthly born intelligences. IJfe, as we call It, Is nothing but the edge of tha boundless ocean of existence, where we come on soundings. In this view I do not see any thing so fit to talk about, or half so In teresting as that which relates to the in numerable majority of our fellow-creatures, the dead-living, and with whom we potentially belong, though we have got tangled for the present in some par ticles of fibrlne, albumen and phos phates, that keep us on the minority side of the house." Oliver Wendell Holmes, "The Professor." "The Iniquity of oblivion scattereth her poppy, and dealeth with the memory of man without distinction to the merit of perpetuity. Who can but pity the found ers of the pyramids? Herostratu3 lives that burnt the temple of Diana; he Is almost lost that built it. Time hath spared the epitaph of Adrian's horse, confounded that of himself. In vain do we compute our felicities by the advant age of our good names, since bad have equal duration, and Thersltes Is like to live as long as Agamemnon. Who knows whether the best of men be known, or whether there are not more remarkable person forgot, than any that Btand re membered in the known account of time? The greater part must be content to be as though they had not been, to be found In the register of God, not in tho record of man. The number of dead long exceedeth all that shall live. The night of time far surpasseth the day, and who knows when was the equinox? Every hour adds unto that current arithmetic, which scarce stands one moment. And Blnce death must be tho Luclna of life, and even Pagans could doubt whether thus to live were to die: since our long est sun sets at night declensions and makes but Winter arches, and therefore it cannot be long before we lie down in darkness and have our light In ashes; since the brother of death dolly haunts us with dying mementoes, and time that grows old In Itself bids us hope no long duration dluturnlty Is a dream and folly 'of expectation. A great part of antiquity contented their hopes of subslstency with a transmigration of their souls a good way to continue their memories, while, having the advantage of plural succes sions, they could not but act something remarkable In such variety of beings, and enjoying something the fame of their past selves, make accumulation of glory unto their last durations. Others, rather than be lost In the' uncomfortable night of nothing, were content to 'recede into the common being, and make one par 'ticla of the public soul of all things, which was no more than to return Into their unknown and divine original again." Sir Thomas Browne, "Urn Burial." "Is man, whoso frail generations be gin and pass away, but one of the links of an Infinite chain of beings like him self, uncaused and coeternal with that self-existing world of which he Is the feeble tenant? Or Is he the offspring of an all-creating power that adapted him to Nature and Nature to him. formed, together with the magnificent scene of things around him, to enjoy its bless ings and to adore the wisdom and good ness from which they flow? Is it only for an existence of a few moments in this passing scene that he has formed U3? Or Is there something within us over which death has no power something that pro longs and Identifies the consciousness of all that we have done on earth? When compared with these questions, even the subllmest physical inquiries are compara tively insignificant. They seem to differ, as it has been said, in their relative im portance, almost as philosophy Itself dif fers from the mechanical arts that are subservient to It." Brown, "Philosophy of the Human Mind." "If indeed that marvelous microcosm man with all the cargo of bis faculties and powers, were indeed a rich argosy, fitted out and freighted only for ship wreck and destruction, who amongst us that tolerate the present only from the hope of the future, who that have any aspirings of a high and Intellectual na ture about them, could be brought to sub mit to the disgusting mortifications of the voyage? As to the common and sensual herd, who would be glad, perhaps, under any terms, to sweat and groan beneath the load of life, they would find that the creed of the materialist would only give a fuller swing to the suicidal energies of a setfism as unprincipled, as unrelenting a selflsm that would not only make that giftless gift of life a boon the most difficult to preserve, but would at the same time render it wholly unworthy of the task and trouble of its preservation." Colton, "Iiacon." MASTERPIECES OF L1TERATURS XXVII. Passages Frdm WhiUier's "Snow Bourw Perhaps the Greatest American Por Thor sun that brief December day Rose cheerless over hills of gray. And. darkly circled, gavo at noon A sadder light than waning moon. Slow tracing down the thickening sky Its. mute and ominous prophecy. A portent seeming less than threat. It sank from sight before it set. A chill no coat, however stout. Of homespun stuff could Quite shut ouV (A hard, dull bitterness of cold. -mat checked, mid-vein, the clrcllns Of life-blood la tho sharpened face, The comlnc of the snow-storm tolrt. -i.ua. wma blew east; we heard the roar Of Ocean on his wintry shore. And felt the strong pujse throbbing, titer Beat with low rhythm our tnland air. Meanwhile we did our nightly choes,, Brought la the wood from out of doors, Littered the stall, mil tmm . . Baked down the herd's-grass for the cows! iiearu we norse whinnying for his coraj And. sharply clashing horn on horn. Impatient down the stanchion tows The cattle shako their walnut bows; While, peerinr from his early perca Upon tha scaffold's polo of birch. The cock his crested helmet bent And down Ms querulous, challenge sent. Unwarned by any sunset light Tho gray day darkened Into night, A night made hoary with tho swarm And whirl-dance of the blinding storav As slgzag wavering to and fro Crossed and recrossed ths winged mowt And ere tha early bed-time came Tho white drift piled the window-frame. Abu mreusa we gisss mo ciotnes-line Looked in like tall and sheeted ghosts. Bo all night long the storm roared on Tha morning broke without a sun; in tiny spneruia traced with lines Of Nature's geometric signs. In starry flake, and pellicle. All day the hoary meteor fell; And. when the second morning- shone. Wo looked upon a world unknown. On nothing wo could call our own. Around the glistening wonder bent Tha blue walls of the firmament; No cloud above, no earth below, A universe of sky and snowt The old familiar sights of ours Took marvelous shapes; strange domes towers Hose up where sty or corn-crib stood. Or garden wall, or bolt of wooiir A smooth white mound tha brush-pile Bhowe a ienceiess artrt wnat once was road; The bridle-Dost an old 'man nat- "With loose-flung coat and high cocked hat; Tha well-curb had a Chinese roof; And even the long sweep, high aloof. In its slant splendor, seemed to tell Of 'Pisa's leaning miracle. Shut tn from alt tha world without. Wa sat tho clean-winged hearth abou&, Content to let tho north-wind roar In baffled rage at pane and door. While the red logs before us beat Tha frost-line back with tropic heatt And ever, when a louder blast Shook beam and rafter as it passed, Tha merrier up Its roaring draught The great throat of the chimney laughed; The house dog on his paws outspread laid to tha flr his drowsy head. The cat's dark silhouette on tha wall A couchant tiger's seemed to fall; And, for the Winter fireside meet. Between the andirons' straddling feet. Tha mug of cider simmered slow. The apples sputtered In a row. And. close at hand, tha basket stood With nuts from brown October's wood. What matter how tha night behaved? What matter how tha north-wind raved? Blow high, blow low, not all Its snow Could quench our hearth-fire's ruddy glowv O Time and Change! with hair as gray As was my sire's that Winter day. How strange it seems, with so much gons Of lit& and Ioyc to still live onl Ah, brother! only I and thou Ara left of all that circle now. Tho dear home faces whereupon That fltful firelight poled and shono. Henceforward, listen as we will. The voices of that hearth ara Still; Look where we may, the wide earth a'exv Thoea lighted faces smile no more. We tread the paths their feet have worn, Wa sit beneath their orchard-trees. We hear. Ilka them, the hum of bees And rustle of tha bladed corn; Wo turn the pages that they read. Their written words, wa linger ofer. But In the sun they cast no shade. No voice is heard, no sign Is mads. No- step is on the conscious floort Tet Leva will dream, and Faith will trust, (Slnca Ho who knows our need Is lust.) That somehow, aomo where, meet wa mui Alaa for him who never seea The stars shlna through his cypresa-treest Who, hopeless, lays his dead away. Nor looks to sea tha breaking day Across the mournful marbles playt Who hath not learned, in hours of faith. Tha truth to flesh and sense unknown That Life Is ever lord of Death. And Love can never lose its own! At last the great logs, crumbling low. Sent out a dull and duller glow, Tha bull's-eye watch that hung In vlaw Ticking Its weary circuit through. Pointed with mutely-warning sign. Its black hand to tha hour of nine. That sign the pleasant circle brokat My uncle ceased hla pipe to smoke. Knocked from its bowl tha refuse gray And laid It tenderly away. Then roused himself to safely cover The dull red brands with ashes over. And while, with care, our mother laid The work aside, her steps she stayed One moment, seeking to express Her grateful sense of happiness For food and: shatter, -warmth and heanb.1 And lovo a contentment mora than wealtr With simple wishes (not tha weak; Vain prayers which no fulfillment seek. But such as warm the- generous hearty Cer-prompt to do with Heaven Its part That none might lack, that bitter night. For bread and clothing, warmth and light i Within our beds awhile wo heard. t The wind that round tha gables roared. With now and then a ruder shock. , Which made our very bedsteads rock. We heard the loosened clapboards tost. Tha board-nails snapping in tha frost; And on us, through tha unplastered wall. Felt tha light sifted snowflakes fan. But sleep stole on, as sleep will do When hearts are light and Ufa is new; Faint and more faint tha murmurs grew. Till in tha Summer-land of dreams They softened to the sound of streams. Low stir of leaves, and dip of oars. And lapsing waves on auiet shores. Clasp, Angel of tho backward look And folded wings of ashen gray And voice of echoes far away. The brazen covers of thy book! The weird palimpsest old and vast. Wherein thou hid'st the spectral past: Where, 'closely mingling, pale and glow The characters of Joy and woe; Tha monographs of outlived years, Or smile-illumed or dim with tears. Green hills of life that slope to death. And haunts of home, whose vlstaed trees Shade oft to mournful cypresses With the white amaranths underneath. Even while I look, I can but heed The restless sands' Incessant fall". Importunate hours that hours succeed. Bach clamorous with Its own sharp need. And duty keeping pace with all. Shut down and clasp the heavy llda? I hear again the voice that bids The dreamer leave his dream midway For larger hopes and graver fearst Llfa greatens In these later years, Tho century's aloe flowers today! Tet, haply, in soma lull of life, Some Truce of God which breaks Its The worldling's eyes shall gather dew. Dreaming In throngful city ways Of Winter Joys his boyhood knew; And dear and early friends tha few Who yet remain shall pausa to view These Flemish pictures of old days; Sit with mo by the homestead hearth. And stretch the hands of memory forth To warm, them at the wood-flre's blaza And thanks untraced to lips unknown Shall greet me like tho odora blown From unseen meadows newly mown. Or lilies floating in some pond. Wood-fringed, the wayside gaze beyonaj The traveler owns tha grateful sens Of sweetness near, ha knows not whoaas. And. pausing, takes with, zoraosaa bars Th beaMdlctlen at tha air.