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About Portland observer. (Portland, Or.) 1970-current | View Entire Issue (May 13, 1982)
'70 81 68. 3 '70 ‘SI ‘ 76 '81 6 8 . 4 68. 5 '78 '81 6 8 .6 '78 '81 68. 7 78 '81 68. 8 '78 '8l COMPOSITE OR. 3 - 6 Mias Lavin'* 1981 first grad* class. REAPINO CAINS OF PORTLAND PUBLIC SCHOOLS Boise holds reunion Boise School, located at 620 N . Fremont, is going to be having a re union this F rid a y , M a y 14, fro m 5:30-9 p.m. to celebrate "Th e Way We W ere.” There will be exhibits, slides, music and refreshments. In the year 1926 it was decided that a new school was needed to re place Shaver School and Thompson School, both located in Northeast Portland. By the spring o f 1927, all was ready for the cornerstone to be laid. O n that day children fro m both schools came marching two by two, behind a flag bearer, with each class accompanied by their teacher to their new educational fa c ility — Boise School. Boise School was named for Reu ben P. Boise. Boise was a Supreme Court Judge who was very much in terested in education and was a member o f the first school board o f the City o f Portland. 70 78 '81 68. 3 81 COMPOSITE 68. 3 - 8 School achievement rises D r. Matthew Prophet announced that the School District's students surpass the national average in read ing and mathematics at all grade lev els and that gains o f from five to 14 n atio n al percentage points have been made during the past four years. This assessment was made possi ble by the adoption in 1977 o f a new, district-wide testing system. In 1978 the district aver*g«,^<s4 below the national norm in mathe matics in all but the third grade. In reading the district average was be low the national norm on the third and eighth grade levels. Crediting the principals, parents, teachers and students for the signifi cant gain. Prophet said, " W e all realize that there is no mission that is more crucial to the economic and sQcjal well-being o f this city.” Angela Aledgsr. Eddie Qehegen. M r*. Petty Zim m erm an and James Barfield seen on 1980-81 student council U.S. arms: A black issue (Part II) by Manning Marable ' 'From The Grassroots ’ ‘ Simply to concentrate on the issue of nuclear arms production and de ploym ent, as some white progres sives tend to do, misses several key points. F irst, it is v ital to link the question o f nuclear weapons sys tems w ith the entire network o f death, the military-industrial com plex, and the billions o f dollars at stake for certain corporate and poli tical interests with maintaining the Cold W ar. Through their political action committees, corporations (hat pro duce weapons comprise an im port ant financial client for U .S . p o liti cians. Both Republican and Demo cratic leaders in the House and Sen ate— Republicans like Howard Bak er and Jesse Helms to Democratic " H a w k s ” like Sam Nunn o f Geor gia, D aniel P. M oynihan o f New York, and Henry "Scoop" Jackson o f Washington, are all beneficiaries o f the arms industries. We tend to foiget that when Jimmy Carter was elected President in I976, he prom ised to reduce defense spending by 5 to 7 b illio n dollars. W ith in six months in the Oval O ffice, defense spending increased to SI 11.8 billion, the highest figure in U .S. history to that point. It was C a rte r, a D em ocrat, who revived the Cold W ar in 1980 to create an external threat, perm itting the renaissance o f a n ti communist hysteria and the belief that more bombs could guarantee world peace. It was the Democrat Carter who encouraged private U.S. firms to sell billions o f dollars worth o f arms to T h ird W o rld countries under Am erican hegemony. Rea gan's wild antics on the world stage, his bizarre contempt for peace, are the logical and politically bankrupt extensions o f the Carter agenda. There is always the question o f self-interest in politics: who benefits from the arms race? Worldwide, the sale o f weapons soared from $9 bil lion in 1969 to over $20 billion in 1980. In 1969, the U .S . weapons sales on the world market represent ed about 11 per cent o f all sales. By 1980, U .S . corporations were pro ducing and selling $16 billion worth o f arms, about 80 p er cent o f the w orld’s total amount. According to Andrew P ierre, author o f The G lobal Politics o f A rm s Sales, the amount o f arms sold to the oil-rich nations o f the Persian G u lf in creased 400 per cent in the 1970s. Arms to L atin Am erican nations jumped 300 per cent between 1969 and 1978. Shipments o f weapons to African nations increased during the same time by 2000per cent! Pierre points out that before the 1970s, "m ost arms supplied (to the Third W orld] were the surplus and obsolete weapons o f the major pow ers, which they wanted to eliminate from (heir inventories so as to make room for new, more advanced equipment.” This is no longer true. In 1981, the sale o f the A W A C s to Saudia Arabia by the United States was for a total amount o f $8.5 bil lion. That single arms transaction was w orth more than all societies had spent on wars, large and small, from the beginning o f human civil ization until the twentieth century. It exceeds the total amount of arms bought, sold and used by all coun tries during W orld W ar II. H ow does the U .S .-p ro v o k e d arms race with the Soviet Union af fect the material conditions of Third World people? Another way o f ask ing this question is— what do m ili tary expenditures represent for hu mankind? The human costs o f arms spending is almost beyond belief: • H a lf the resources at present al located to m ilitary expenditures in one day would suffice to finance a program for (he total eradication of malaria. • In five hours, the world’s military expenditures are the equivalent o f the overall U N IC E F yearly budget for child care programs. •T h e number o f people working in the m ilita ry sphere, including armed forces s ta ff, is today twice the total number o f teachers, physi cians and nurses in the world. •Approximately 25 per cent of the w o rld ’ s scientific personnel is en gaged in military activities. It is esti mated that 60 per cent o f the overall scientific research expenditures is absorbed by military programs. The volume o f such research projects is five times greater than that o f the projects devoted to health protec tion. •T h e countries in A sia, A frica and Latin America allocate 5.9 per cent o f their Gross N atio n al P ro duct to weapons and military expen ditures, whereas they devote only one per cent to public health and 2.8 per cent to education. •O n e per cent o f the developed countries' m ilitary budgets would overcome the existing deficit in in ternational assistance for financing an increase in food production and creating emergency reserves. •T h e cost o f a modern tank would pay for the construction o f 1,000 classrooms for 30,000 c h il dren in underdeveloped countries. •T h e price o f a T rid e n t nuclear subm arine— the U nited States is planning to build 13 o f them before 1990— equals the cost o f keeping 16 million children from the underde veloped world in school for a year; the construction o f 400,000 dw ell ings for 2 m illion people; or more than the total value o f grains im ported by Africa in a year. •The expenditures for military ac tivities in a year during the mid-’70s would have financed, among other things, a vaccination program against infectious diseases for all children in the world, a program for the eradication o f adult illiteracy in the entire w orld before the year 2000, a supplementary food pro gram for 60 million pregnant wom en, and a classroom increase for over 1(X) million pupils. It is time for the Black Movement to acknowledge the necessity o f linking the interests o f white nuclear disarmament activists with our own. There can be no full employment in this country, so long as the U .S . government wastes billions o f dol lars on unnecessary and dangerous weapons. No universal health care system, or effective public educa tional institutions, or humane wel fare system is thinkable, unless the capital allocated for nuclear bombs is halted. The question o f black sur vival into the tw enty-first century will be mute if the w orld is en veloped in the flames o f a nuclear exchange. E X O D U S ducaJlumaf a-ru /J?te i/rrte e t/féeedee 1639 N.E. Alberta PORTLAND. OREGÙN 9721 1 2 9 4 7997 APPEAL The House o f Exodus Clean Team requests your support! The Exodus Clean Team is Portland’s only totally voluntary group o f citizens who teach children to practice respect, courtesy and responsibility through regularly scheduled classes; and bv cleaning property within the neighborhood. The Exodus Clean Team’s motto is: "A clean spir it, a clean mind, a clean body and clean property wilt produce a clean citizen who lives in a clean commu nity, and we will make it so. ” We estimate that it w ill cost about $500,000 per year to operate a Drug/Alcohol prevention and aver sion program for youth; plus the on-going commu nity responsibility training for neighborhood youths. We believe this in itial budget is quite small when compared to the direct costs o f vandalism, thieves, burglaries and other property damages and losses caused by irresponsible youths; plus, when you add those losses to the cost o f building and maintaining jails, correction facilities and prisons, plus the cost of maintaining police and judicial systems. The truth is the cost o f irresponsible youth is staggering. Respect and responsibility is all that your dollars can buy for youth at the House of Exodus, but we be lieve that respect and responsibility is all that our youth really need to become an asset to our commu nities, rather than a liability. Give what you can and join the many supporters of the Exodus Clean Team. Make your checks payable to the: EXODUS CLEAN TEAM P .0 . Box 11345 Portland, Oregon 97211 WE WISH TO THANK THESE SUPPORTERS OF THE EXODUS CLEAN TEAM. WE NEED MORE REPRESENTATIVE SUPPORT FROM OUR BLACK CITIZENS. Portland Trailer & Equipment Larry Kaye Don Berger Design Mrs. Jost J.C. Penny Reflexology Clinic Judith Wyss Daneils Dock J. Thayer Co. Prier Wholesale Plumbing Victor G. Atiyeh Georgian Press Maletis Inc. Genes Carburetor Anthony E. Gallo M .D . Tamarack Engineering Wharchouse Floors W .G . Moe & Sons Peggy Herbig Norma Hayes VIPS Rex C affall Service Tire Co. Kent Cox & Assoc. Aladdine Enterprises Thomas Buhl
