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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 6, 1922)
1Q THE 3IORXIXG OREGOXIAX, MONDAY, NOVEMBER C, 1923 ESTABLISHED BY HENRY L. TITTOCK. I'ublished by The Oregon-fan Pub- Co., Hi Sixth Street, Portland, Oregon. C. A. MORDEX, E. B. PIPER. Manager, Editor. The Oregonian is a member of tho As sociated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publi cation of all news dispatches credited to it or rot otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dis patches herein are aleo reserved. Subscription Rates Invariably in Advance. (By Mail.) Daily, Sunday included, one year $8.00 l'aily, Sunday included, six months ... 4.2."i laily. Sunday included, three months 2.25 iJaily, Sunday included, one month .. 75 Iaily, without Sunday, one year 6.00 Daily, without Sunday, six montths . , 3.25 Daily, without Sunday, one month.. .GO Sunday, one yeas 2.50 (By Carrier.) Daily. Sunday included, one year. .,$9.00 Daily, Sunday included, three months 2.25 Daily, Sunday Included, one month... .75 Daily, without Sunday, one year .... 7. SO Daily, without Sunday, three months 1.95 Daiiy, without Sunday, one month.. .65 How to Remit Send postoffice money order, express .or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postoffice address iu full, including county and state. In.(n I'.. I.. 1 tn 1 noo-aa 1 KDnt' IS to o2 pam:s, 2 cents; 34 to pages, 3 cents; 50 to 64 pages, 4 cents; 66 to SO pages 5 cents; 82 to 9t pages, 6 cents. EiiHtern Biisinegff Offioc Verree & Conklin. 300 iMadtson avenue. New York; Verree & Conklin, Steger Building. Chi cago; Verree & Conklin, Free Press build ing, Detroit, Mich; Verree & Conklin, Monadnock building, San Francisco, Cal. EDUCATION AND THE 6TATE. (In Several Articles Final Article.) The Oregonian has reviewed the arguments for and against the pending compulsory school bill. It does not underestimate the bene fits to be derived from education of all children alike, in English, in. all standard branches, and, if pos sible, in the public schools; and it is the last to say that the pro ponents of the measure are not actuated by a sincere motive for the public welfare. The merits of compulsory educa tion in a democracy are not to be doubted; but the wisdom of any at tempt to enforce it upon objecting parents so as to make all children go to a common school, is to be doubted. Behind any broad ques tion as to the justice or efficiency of the measure are the constitu tional rights of the minority and the certain increase of taxes. They are weighty considerations and they should not be forgotten or ig nored. The present law of Oregon re quires compulsory education of children of grade school age; but it permits the maintenance of private and parochial schools under cer tain conditions. The proposed law would have the certain effects of outlawing and abolishing private a nd parochial schools, organized to teach children between the ages of 8 and 16. The precise powers of the school authorities at present over the in dependent schools are obscure. But they need not be. They should bo exact, sufficient, detailed, and pro vision should be made for their ex ercise. In other words, the solution to tho problem of tho private and parochial schools is regulation, not abolition. The standard branches should be taught. Tho instructors suuuiu ue ouDjuct to puonc exami nation. They should bo inspected by the state, county or city superin tendent, or his assistants. The state should have authority over such matters as ventilation, sanita tion, crowding and the like. The powers of tho superintendent over the private and parochial school should in brief be as complete as at present in the public schools. And no teacher should be permit tod to appear in the school room in the garb of any religious denomina tion. REVOLT AGAINST SOCIALISM. Both the accession to power of the fascisti in Italy and the defeat of the labor party in the British municipal elections point the same way revolt against socialism and return to individualism as the way to bring cost of government within revenue and to reduce it further in order to reduce taxes. Because ad ventures in socialism were made by non-socialist parties and because the avowedly socialist parties con- . tinned in nnlitijtl nTni i n,a Timrfl not raollail ?l,nt . L. governments of Europe have al ready become socialist nor to what extent their financial burdens are duo to that fact. National ownership of railroads, telegraphs and telephones, munici pal ownership of public utilities and government monopolies of " 6uch commodities as tobacco are common in Europe. Britain has not gone so far in that direction as have other nations. Railroads are privately owned, but the telegraph and telephone systems are owned dv ine government anii rp mn af u. iuas, aim must, cities own tneir utilities. Government doles are paid to the unemployed. The gov ernment ran the railroads at a loss during the war and for some time , afterward, but has returned them to me owners, 'ine government Had a monopoly of trading in es. sential commodities during the war auu, iiiuugii it cuum nix ine price, .1 ,4 .n,,nV. -. 1 .1 i . . . . it did business at a heaw In rt nas witnarawn from the mercantile - business and has refused to nation alize coal mines. It is the first bel ligerant nation in Europe not only to balance its budget but to reduce its debt. Fascism began in Italy as a re- volt against socialism, and Musso nni evidently intends to go the whole way in restoring the public services and monopolies to private enterprise.. That will relieve th government of enormous losses and will remove a horde of nennlo tm-m the public payroll. If the expert ence of France is an indication, all . public services are greatly over manned, for the number of employes oi one rrencn railroad was doubled soon after it was acquired by the government. Having set 15 hours as the working day for his minis ters, Mussolini will have small patience with the eight-hour day. c viuciiuj Dew mat iiarti worK and economy from the head of the government down to the humblest workman must be combined with "," for private enterprise in order that Italy may pay its way, reduce its - debts and regain prosperity. The deplorable fact about this return to economic sanity is that it is undertaken by a distinctly mili tarist party. If the fascisti should attemnt to make frond the claim tn an me territory mat was once - Ttfl li.art. thpv will mharlr fripli . country in wars that will destroy 1 all the fruits of their economic re- coast of the Adriatic sea, also the Dodecanese islands off the coast of Asia Minor, on the ground that they were formerly held by Venice, though they are not Italian in population. By asserting such claims Mussolini will embroil his country in war with Jugo-Slavia, Albania and Greece, but not only with them. His programme of ex- pansion implies violation of all the . the settlement made by them. His claim to naval supremacy in the Mediterranean sea will be disputed by France, and his treatment of Britain as an intruder in that sea will be sharply resented. His policy threatens to array all of western and central Europe against Italy. American interests are affected by this policy, for Italy has not yet ratified the naval limitation treaty and the expansionist aims of the fascists would require a powerful navy, far beyond the ratio assigned to Italy. If Mussolini should per sist in his claims, he will doubtless refuse to ratify the treaty, and the entire scheme will fall to the ground. If a competitive navy building campaign is to be avoided, either the other interested powers must exert united pressure to force Italy into line or they must make some new combination to which Italy would not be a party, directed against that or any other country which attempts to compete, with them. But when Mussolini begins to calculate his means for making good his claims, he will find them utterly inadequate. His country lacks capital and the natural re sources needed lor armament on sea or land, chief among them be ing iron, coal and copper. The other signatories of the naval treaty could cut off Italy's supply of these materials and force it to their terms. The world will welcome an internally regenerated Italy, but would quench the ambition of a militarist, conquering Italy. THE TEST. Pierce versus Olcott. Promise versus Performance. We are to know once more next Tuesday what wins elections. SEW TARIFF NOT PROHIBITIVE. In his address to the American Manufacturers' Export association Sir George Paish, the British econ omist, took as his premise the as sumption that the new tariff is in tended to prevent imports to this country. From this he argued that the United States prevents debtor nations from importing to this country the goods which are their only means of paying their debts. He contends that, in order to obtain payment, the United States should make it easy for its debtors to soil goods to us and that by so doing, we should increase our sales abroad. But the assumption on which his argument is based is erroneous. While some duties in the new tariff are no doubt prohibitive or would severely restrict imports, all duties are subject to revision by the tariff commission to the point where the cost of foreign goods laid down in this country will equal the cost of American goods. That basis of duties does not prohibit imports; it only requires that they shall com pete at equal cost. The cost taken as a basis is to be that of the prin cipal competing countries. The op portunity is open for other coun tries to attain a lower scale of cost and to ship their goods to America at prices with which our manufac turers cannot compete. This ad vantage will continue until the countries in question become recog nized by the tariff commission as principal competing countries and until duties are raised to the point where the advantage will bo taken away. The prohibitive effect of the hew tariff has evidently been exag gerated for political ends. Al though no duties have yet been re duced by advice of the tariff com mission, it is announced that cus toms revenue under the new law has exceeded expectation. This could happen only if goods were coming in at the new tariff; if the tariff had shut them out, revenue would have decreased. Like indiscriminate critics of the new tariff from political motives, Sir George Paish does not realize that we now have a flexible tariff,' which is designed to regulate com petition between American and for eign producers, not to prevent it The tariff is competitive, therefore cannot be prohibitive. If finally fixed by politicians, it might have been prohibitive while purporting to be competitive, but the work of the politicians is to be revised by the economists composing the tariff commission, who ascertain facts by scientific inquiry, then act upon them. Our debtors are free to pay their debts with goods, but not to swamp us with goods that drive our own manufacturers from the field while they are sold at exorbitant prices by importers and retailers. LITERATURE AND DIPLOMACY, Thomas Nelson Page was one of a number of Americans represent ing the profession of literature who have served their country ably in diplomatic posts, to the mutual ad vantage of the nations by which they were appointed and to which they were assigned. It is not for gotten that George Bancroft, the historian, was our envoy to the court of Prussia, to the North Ger man Confederation and finally to the German Empire in an interest ing and significant period of re adjustment in European affairs, after having a number of years previously served us well at the court of St. James. Washington Irving was secretary of legation at London from 1829 to 1S32, during which period he wrote the undying "Alhambra," and after ward was appointed to Madrid. The names of James Russell Lowell, Charles Francis Adams and John Hay, of Dr. Henry Van Dyke and Brand Whitlock occur readily. In minor and semi-diplomatic posi tions there were, among others, Bayard Taylor, who created the vogue of the travel letter, and Bret Harte, who introduced to Europe a new western American literature which in all probability did more to foster good feeling than a score of technical pourparlers could have done. The records of our literary am bassadors are such as will raise doubt of the expediency of commit ting the duties of diplomacy solely to professional diplomats, as some nations have done and as some Americans propose. The achieve ments of our non-professional en voys 'have been noteworthy, both as to tangible and intangible re suits. This was peculiarly true of Thomas Nelson Page, of Walter Hines Page and in an earlier period of Bancroft, Adams and Lowell. The last named, indeed, ought to be credited with having produced sounder and more enduring results in the direction of fostering mutual understanding between the peoples arship and ripe culture than most men better versed in ambassadorial routine could conceivably have done. Our men of letters whom' we have sent abroad' have usually risen to occasion. It ought to be borne in mind in appraising their value that the technique of state craft, of the diplomacy which is associated with devious practices, is but a relatively small part of the task. The literary instinct of ap preciation, capacity for receiving and transmitting impressions, cath olicity of taste, have served a higher purpose than was conceived by the older school, while our own litera ture has been enriched by the ex periences of those of its devotees who have been diplomats as inci dents of their careers. NOT AWAKE TO TREND. Railroad men still cherish hope that government ownership of rail roads will become a fact in this country. Ignoring the fact that the railroad strike is already set tled, a subscriber writes to the Locomotive Engineers' Journal sug gesting as a means of "ending largely the strife between labor and capital" that the government take over all the railroads and put them in charge of a director-general. The editor of that paper says that solution is "unquestionably right in principle" but that it "necessitates the election of congressmen who are aware of and responsive to the needs of the people." The needs of the people are lower cost of transportation, which is only possible if cost of producing it is reduced. The reduction so far effected has resulted from undoing what was done while the govern ment operated the" roads, and further reduction is possible only by undoing still more of it. The principal sufferers by the present high rates are the farmers, who re ceive for their products what is left of the world price after rail and ocean freight and other costs of handling have been paid. They had a great .awakening, have com pared their earnings with those of railroad men and will not vote to restore a system which deflates their earnings by making transpor tation more costly. The whole tendency is away from government ownership of railroads and from socialism generally, as has been proved by recent events in Italy and Britain. Government in business was all very well while a few of the people paid direct taxes to make good the losses, but now many millions pay them and call for business in government, which means that the government withdraw from business in which cost of operation grows but which loses money. Socialism has been proved a failure by practical demonstration, and the American people, like other nations, want less, not more, of it. CONCH .SIOX OF MERGER DEBATE. Having become sharply divided between the opposing claims of the Southern Pacific and Union Pacific railroad systems, the board of di rectors of the Portland Chamber of Commerce acted wisely in falling back on the original question which gives Oregon an interest in this controversy namely, what new railroads and what new connections are needed for development of Ore gon? When we look at the matter from the viewpoint of Oregon; we find that eastern Oregon comprises the greater part of a large triangle which is devoid of railroads except for short branches ending nowhere. What Oregon wants is construction of railroads across this triangle, connection of branches with one another and with main lines, and, where desirable, the common use of certain lines or parts of lines by two or more railroad companies. Thereby the people would gain the benefit of competition in opera tion and service without duplica tion of investment. The question, what is the proper disposition of the Central Pacific to be made in grouping the rail roads into systems under the trans portation act, should be considered with the end In view, not only for Oregon but for California and for the other states affected; for Ore- on's interest does not conflict with that of California but is in close harmony with it. The intense propaganda that is being carried on by the two rivals for control of the Central Pacific the Southern Pa cific and the Union Pacific has pushed this purpose into the back ground by enrolling many worthy citizens as partisans of one rival or the other. .The chamber therefore was unable to agree as between them, but It had small difficulty in agreeing on that which was the aim of both parties, namely what Ore gon should gain in the settlement. That should be one of the principal considerations in the mind of the interstate commerce commission when it groups the roads into com peting systems; for the vast, empty triangle will be the principal field of development for the Union and Central Pacific roads, to which ever group the latter may be as signed or If it should become in dependent of both. There is room for the activities of both systems, also for a north-and-south line from the Columbia across central Oregon to connect with the Central Pacific in Nevada. Irrigation is well begun in that re gion and should produce a remu nerate volume of traffic. The timber of southeastern Oregon should enable that country and its railroads to share the prosperity that has come to the lumber indus try of the Pacific coast. Comple tion of a railroad from the Colum bia river into Nevada would make it a feeder to both the Union and the Central, would give the north ern roads entrance to California and would provide a strategic mili tary route for national defense be hind the great barrier of the Cas cade and Sierra Nevada ranges. Western Oregon needs more out lets toward the east by direct routes, and it needs competing lines, while the projected lines in eastern Oregon need western Ore gon's traffic to fatten their reve nue. Naturally the rival railroad, sys terns desire that these changes be brought about in such manner as to serve the interest of each without much regard for that of the other, and the people of Oregon disagree as to which system is the better me dium through which they can real ize the desire they have in common The duty of grouping railroads into competing systems has been im posed upon the interstate com merce commission. In performing that duty the commission must con sider the present relation of the several roads to one another, the bearing of the supreme court de cision against the existing merger of the Central with the Southern Pacific upon the provisions and purpose of the transportation act, the possibility of maintaining grouped lines as competing systems in fact after fhey have been estab lished as such on paper. It must consider the relations of the spstems in the east as well as the west, and must allot eastern ex tensions to the Pacific roads in such a way that they shall have an even start in the race of restricted competition that is the purpose of the law. For congress evidently contemplated such a grouping of weak lines with strong ones that there should be an end both of the rate-cutting by which "weak lines formerly struggled for traffic and of the pooling of traffic by which rates are maintained, the result sought being that the conditions should be so nearly equal as would inevitably lead to maintenance of uniform rates. Competitiogf among communities is another end in view. All the ports of the Pacific are in some de gree competitors for ocean traffic: not only they but the interior ter ritory which they serve. In order that each port may stand on an equality with the others in this competition, it should be served by two or more competing railroads, each of which should be restrained from favoring another port termi nal by fear of losing traffic to a rival road at the port against which it discriminates. Obviously if one railroad system had lines into all pacific ports, it would hold such a dominating position that it might promote growth of commerce at one and retard it at another with out seriously impairing its revenue in the aggregate. A wise, just solution of all these problems cannot be reached in a general public debate among people who are swayed this way and that by propaganda of the interested railroads or by private interest and who at best take a strictly Oregon or Pacific coast view of the subject. Inability of the special committee and of the board of directors of the Portland chamber, after an inten sive study extruding over several months, to reach a conclusion as to tho grouping by which Oregon's needs can be supplied proves that. The desired solution can only be reached by a small body of men which approaches the problem with mind free from self-interest, from prejudice in favor of any railroad, state or city and having a clear comprehension of the extent and limits of its authority. Such a body is the interstate commission. It must make a mental survey of the transportation lines and needs of the whole region from the Pacific coast to the great lakes, the Missis sippi river and the gulf. Its task demands a combination of the ad ministrative, the business executive and the judicial functions. In leaving to the wisdom and jus tice of the commission the decision as to the form that consolidations should take, the directors of the chamber have well ended a con troversy that had become over heated. TJi a t controversy has served a good purpose. It has pro duced propaganda that, in spite of its partisanship, has been informa tive, for it has led the railroads to bring into prominence facts that were unknown or obscure. It has led the rival roads to make prom ises to which Oregon should ask the commission to pin them down, for any consolidation would be gravely imperfect that did not se cure for Oregon all that they have promised. But controversy should end at this point. Its continuance can only divide the people into ir reconcilable factions, and the gains of each party would be offset by those of the other. We know what the state wants and what each rail road system is willing to give. The state's case should be so presented to the commission that, in which ever way it groups the roads, the promises will be kept and railroads will traverse the state where nat ural wealth awaits development. Walter II. Evans, candidate for circuit judge in departmept 6, is now the judge in that department. He was advanced to the bench by governor's appointment from the position of district attorney. Judge Evans has proved himself an up right judge and a just judge. He has . no sort of prejudice in his makeup. He was appointed to Ore place on demonstration of merit and is now entitled to election on the ground of his experience, fair ness and learning. The easiest money can be made today by betting: it on the right man. To pick the winner, consult the advertising columns. Get a sample ballot today and study the proposals that are neces sary to the welfare of Portland. It will pay. A The wind is getting Into the right quarter for a republican victory. Fair weather means more out to vote. The firm that makes it easy to send an Oregon red salmon to an eastern friend is a benefactor. The fire bureau must be kept up to its efficiency mark. The 3-mill tax will do it. The great-question: Are those dairy maids open to matrimonial proposals? When there is a break in power, the other people in the car are amusing. Mussolini's rule may be only a foot instead of a yardstick. . Arrange to vote early. That will start the counting. J "Like a horse race," with its also-rans. of course. A city on a big river is built on its bridges, ' A , WHITER FEARS FOR HIGHWAYS Mr. Pierce's Advocacy of Costly Methods Opens Eyes to Danger. PORTLAND, Nov. 4. (To the Editor.) I have read with a good deal of interest and apprehension Mr. Pierce's attack upon the high way commission. He criticises th pay of the en gineers. If he thinRs cheap en gineers are an economy he is not informed upon construction work. The positions are worth the salar ies. Engineering is not a routine that the "office force" can run just OS well. The personal element is nowhere more - valuable.. If the present engineers are not worth their salaries they should be re moved and men who are put in their places. The cause of apprehension is this. The governor appoints the highway commission and they in turn run the work. But at any time the commission does not suit him he can change it and put in men who will do his bidding. The detail Mr. Pierce goes into in criticising the highway commission indicates he would want to run the highways. Now, we recall that when he was in the legislature he introduced a bill to do all. public work by day wages and none by contract. Un fortunately our law provides that having called for- bids the commis sion may reject the same, for cause or not for cause, and the bids being rejected they may proceed to do the work in any way they please, by day work, private contract or any old way. In view of Mr. Pierce's bill it Is plain to see ha would want to do work by day wages. As to doing work by day wages let me quote from a carefully pre pared paper read before the Ameri can Society of Civil Engineers of southern California: In the Joint report of the. two great automobile societies of California you will find the statement that of S00 con tracts done -by the state by day's labor amounting to $7,000,000, the state ac counts, showed unit costs on but five, nn wn nf these five they had called for bids, rejecting them on ine recommenua.- tion ot the engineer, wno tnen ei ahead with the work by state forces m,. r.rarj ahowsi the followlne figures: On one the engineer's preliminary esti mate was $102,000, contractor's bid $117, 000. cost by day labor $160,000. On the thr It ran: Engineer's estimate $43. 000, contractor's bid $4,000, cost by day's labor stsi.ooo. m xue atuny i in.um., Highways." by the United States bureau of public roads, in an analysis of 20 nntracm. 10 of which were done by contract and 10 by state forces, the con tracted jobs exceeded tne engineer s u s r,w cent, while the state day labor jobs exceeded the engineer's esti mates by 11)3 per cent. We could look for no different results here today. Day labor worn 9iwiv works out the most ex pensive method. I had known of Mr. Pierce's bill to do all public wnrt hv dav labor, but until his attack upon the highway commis sion it had not come home to me what a catastrophe it would be if he was elected governor. CHAS. MALCOLM. WORLD ADVANCE ADMITTED But Writer Is Reminded of Religious Rows of Colonial Days. PORTLAND, Or., Nov. 4. (To the Editor.) Present conditions in Port land remind one of -the good old days when Roger Williams was run out of Rhode island lor Deing BaDtlst. when Massachusetts was banishing Quakers and hanging witches in Salem, and when an anti masonic party was demanding the destruction of all masonic lodges as a menace to American institu tions. Since then the world has moved some. Recently a moth-eaten resolution nassed 52 years ago by a Presbyter ian assembly has been exhumed as evidence of Presbyterian sentiment on the pending school monopoly bill. Nothing is easier than pass ing a resolution. By what vote or under what circumstances this reso lution was passed does not appear, but the fact that it has laid dorm ant for 62 years indicates that it was not taken seriously. If it was how can the great Presbyterian church of America excuse itself for not. in all this time, having lifted a hand to stay the mad and de structive work of the private and parochial schools? Where and when has it taken a step to make that resolution effective? It is significant that out of 181 Presbyterian ministers said to live in Oregon, 25 have protested against the compulsory bill, but three have publicly advocated it, while all the rest have ignored it altogether. ANTI-SCHOOL BILL. Jews in Poland. PORTLAND, Nov. 3. (To the Edi tor.) I will appreciate it very much if you will tell me whether or not it is true that all Polish people have Jew'sh blood. C. It is not true. This idea arose, no doubt, on account of the unusu ally large Jewish population of Poland. This feature had its origin in the early hospitality shown by the Polish government to this-race. Warsaw was the principal Jewish city of the world until New York recently succeeded to that distinc tion. Denniker puts the Poles in a ja.ee quite apart and names them after their chief river, the "Vistulan." In language they are Slavs. They show more of the Teutonic and lit tle of the Asiatic element of eastern Europe. Hnyes-Tilden Election Claims. PORTLAND, Nov. 3. (To the Edi tor.) Was Charles R. Miller, who died lately, the editor who first claimed Hayes' election or the famous night editor of The Times? J. E. HENDERSON. Charles Ransom Miller, who re cently died, was editor-in-chief of the New York Times at the time of the Hayes-Tilden controversy. Charles Richard Williams in his "Life of Rutherford Birchard Hayes" says: "On November 8, most news papers of both parties announced that Tilden was elected. The New York Herald and New York Times, however, declared the result in doubt." He makes no mention of The Times claiming the election for Hayes. No Pension for Pioneers. BAKER, Or.. Nov. 2. (To the Edi tor.) Is there such a, thing as a home in Portland for the early pio neers of Oregon; also if the early pioneers draw a pension, as I have heard that they do? . READER OF THE OREGONIAN. There is no pension for pioneers as suchv There is no home in Portland particularly endowed for the care of pioneers. There are homes for the aged. For entra-noe require ments write, to Home for the Aged. Base Line road. Old People's Home, Thirty-third and Sandy, Portland. ' A 8 Ingle-Track Mind. Life. North I can get you 6 per cent West Great! Man, I can taste it already! "No, I mean for your money." "Well, I expect to pay for it, of course.". Those Who Come and Go. Tales of Folks at the Hotels. Telephone company owners ol managers have their troubles n4 matter ow large or how small theil company may be. This is the ad vice of John Boyer of Grand Ronde, who has been spending a few days in Portland straightening out prob lems that have presented them selves to him as owner of the Grand Ronde telephone system. Almost 20 years ago Mr. Boyer went from Dallas to the Salmon river country where he took up a valuable timber claim. After proving up on the claim he built a toll road which led down to the ocan and operated this for a number of years. Two years ago he sold out and went into the telephone game at Grand Ronde and the new lumber town of Grand Ronde. He declared that the In dians in old Grand Ronde are be coming more and more independent due to the fact that the slayer of the federal prohibition agents. Price and Todd, was acquitted of the slaying I of Price by a jury in Dallas recently. The Indians on the old reservation are drinking all kinds of moon shine" declared Boyer . "Some of them are undoubtedly making it themselves but no one has been able to catch them. The stuff they drink would kill an ordinary man but you can't kill an Indian with it." Last year when the Pacific Inter national Livestock Exposition was being held here one of the very val uable cows took sick. John A Todd of Spokane awoke to the realization that the insurance company which he represents had a policy on that cow. He transferred himself from the Oregon hotel to the scene of the cow's illness and there. took up the problem of nursing the animal back to health and to a condition that would prevent the payment of an insurance policy, v He was success ful and the cow lived. He arrived in Portland yesterday to attend the stock show. A few years ago it was difficult to meet a man who took an interest in the affairs of his country who was not reading or had read a little red-backed volume known as "Back to the Republic." The volume con tained few pages as it came from its publishers but it was filled from cover to cover with warnings re garding the tendencies to change our form of government. The au thor, Harry F. Atwood of Chicago, was at the Multnomah hotel yester day. Mr. Atwood is the author of several books,- among them being: "God in American History" and "Our Constitution the Antidote for Bol shevism." For the purpose of gathering in formation and pictures that ay be used in a nation-wide advertising campaign that will place the pro posed city of Longview on the map, Hoy Kolienborn of Kansas City is here and is stopping at the Portland hotel. Mr. Kolienborn is a nicmber' of the Long Boll Lumber company's! advertising organization. For a number of years he was a member of the reportorial staff of the Kan sas City Star but left the paper to go with the big lumber company. He said yesterday that when the Long Bell company starts advertis ing it will make use of tho big mag azines in the country to advertise Longview. After having spent several days in Portland attending to legal affairs Charles Erskine, attorney of Bend, checked out of the Benson Saturday night and returned home. Mr. Firs kino is one of the leading members of the American Legion in the state. He is Oregon's representative on the national committee of the Legion, lie was a delegate to the national convention of the organization which was held in New Orleans last month. Charles W. Robison, attorney of Astoria, checked out of the Oregon yesterday afternoon after having spent the night in Portland. Mr. Robinson, who is well known here and at one time was a deputy in the office of the district attorney, has been doing some campaigning for the republicans. He has been on the stump several times in behalf of the election of Governor Olcott. M. F. Hardest-, business man of Seaside and grand chancellor of the Knights of Pythias of the state was in Portland on official business yes terday and spent his time around the lobby of the Imperial. He said that the citizens of Clatsop county have been so keenly interested in the out come of the election this year that they have almost forgotten business. He declared that he would be glad when Wednesday came. It would be a rather difficult task to keep Brewer A. Billie away from a football game in Portland, pro viding Oregon Agriculture college eleven was one of the participants. Mr. Billie was here yesterday after having watched his alma mater rep resentatives go down to defeat be fore the Multnomah Club team. Billie's home is in Astoria. He was a guest of the Multnomah while here. Polk county will remain in the re publican column tomorrow. This is the belief of E. C. Kirkpatrick, who was in Portland Saturday and talked politics around the Imperial lobby. He stated that he believed the re turns would show a substantial ma jority for Governor Olcott. Judge Kirkpatrick has been active in the politics of his county for many years. Among the scores of people who were registering at the various ho tels yesterday was H. D. Avery of La Grande. He signed his name on the books at the Oregon and pre pared to attend the Pacific Inter national Livestock exposition. He is a stock raiser himself and takes a keen interest in shows where pure blood stock is on exhibition. N. G. Wallace, who looks upon Crook county, rather than Prine ville, as his home, was at the Im perial hotel yesterday. Mr. Wal lace is county judge of Crook, and when he signs his name on a hotel register he gives "Crook County" as his residence. He will return home today in time to cast his vote to morrow. H. W. Gard, who believes' that the development of Oregon is dependent upon extension of the reclamation of arid lands through irrigation, was at the Imperial hotel yesterday. Mr. Gard makes his home in Madras. Just now he is working for the es tablishment of an irrigation system in his section of the state. Horace Wilson, whose home is in Rosebnrg, but who holds the gov ernment position of supervisor of the Indian agencies of the western district was at the Imperial yester day. Mr. Wilson has been in the Indian service for a long time. F. Klevenhausen, who operates a cannery at Altoona, Washington was a guest at the Oregon yester day. A Certainty. Birmingham Age-Herald. "Is it true that some of our col lege boys are imitating English manners?" "I don't know about that, but I venture to say that a freshman who strolled out wearing a monocle would take his life in his hands." . Burroughs Nature Club. Copyright. Houghton-Mifflin Co. Can You Answer These Question f 1. What is the most useful insect known? 2. How does poison ivy spread? Why should it come suddenly in places that had been free from It? 3. How can a crow's tongue be split to make it talk? What should it be fed? Answers in tomorrow's Nature Notes. Answers to Previous Questions. 1. I recently saw the botanic name of the banana is musa sapientum. Can you give any derivation? This seems an odd name for a plant. "Musa" ;s supposed to come from an old Arabic word for the banana, this tree being well known in the east, and the word was taken to name a genus. . The "sapientum" part is rather amusing, said to re flect the fondness of wise men for resting (and probably eating) under the shade of this tree, or tree-like herb, as it is botanically called. 2. How does a sea urchin move? Sea urcnins, like starfishes, have tube-feet equipped with sucking discs at the tip, and by these discs they attach themselves to rocks and crawl along. The urchin's feet are not easily seen, as they are hidden among the thick spines which cover the limy thin plate, or shell, which serves the urchin for an outside skeleton. The urchin at times moves on its spines alone. 3. Is it true that cedar birds will sit in a row and pass food from' one to the other? We can only reply on hearsay, never having happened to be on hand when the trick was being per formed. Reliable ornithologists testify to having seen it, however. Forbush's Useful Birds and Their Protection and Wright's Bird Craft both speak of having witnessed the act; and both these authors suggest it was probably less a ceremony than an evidence that none of the party was hungry. WHERE ARE LISTED EVILS f School Bill Literature Names Condi tions That Puzzle Correspondent. PORTLAND, Nov. 4. (To the Edi tor.) A pamphlet "published by the A. and A. S. R. school committee" was left on my porch yesterday. The pamphlet contains a series of ques tions and answers about the pro posed educational bill. I have read it with ' great interest because it must bo trustworthy information from the chief proponents of the measure and I note especially the answer to question No. 2. "The purpose of tho bill is to make schools and education free in the state of Oregon." Are not the schools and education now free in this state? Further, "To safeguard America and American-democracy by teach ing a common language and a com mon history. Are there any schools in this state taught in foreign lan guagaes? If so where are they? In what schools is objectionable his tory taught? Further, "To enable all children to meet as equals in the public schools." Do they not now have this privilege? Further, "To make education in the public schools compulsory and for that reason the bill, if enacted into law, will result in tho closing after a period of years of all for eign language, religious and private schools operated for children up to the age of 16 years." On the face of the hill this does not appear as one of its provisions but no doubt could result from the acts of school authorities. Is there any need great enough to warrant such a drastic stop? I am of puritan descent through a line interested in education and want to do all I can for the benefit of the present day and future scholars but I am in doubt about this bill as my questions indicate. S. W. WALKER. ASSERTION BELIED BY METHODS If Bill Does Not Aim at Sects Then Why Campaign Against Them? PORTLAND, Nov. 4. (To the Edi tor.) The - tactics pursued by the supporters of the school bill of late are certainly not going to get many votes for the measure. It has been repeatedly denied that religious prejudice is behind the move to close the private schools. Why then must its advocates seek by base methods to arouse religious animosities in its favor? Pictures of nuns teaching in schools are being circulated to create the impression that the school bill is aimed solely against them. Anybody who has read the b'll knows that it has nothing to do with this situation, that the status of these teachers will not be affected one way or the other by the passage or the defeat of the bill. Insinuations are being broadcasted that Catholics are responsible for the burning of the Washington school. The following quotation from a local venomous sheet is the lowest kmd of propaganda. "May the Foster Road News hint that con sensus of opinion gathered in the last 48 hours among Mount Scott people and others points to oppo nents of the compulscry school bill as the guilty parties," (for the burn ing of Washington school.) A desperate cause must resort to desperate methods. Fair-minded peo ple resent them. The stronger the pleas to religious prejudice in favor of the bill are made the more en ergetically will sane voters arise to defeat a measure which cannot stand on its merits but must be advocated by unfair and inflammatory insinua tions. F. J. D. Naming of Slate Not Intended. PORTLAND, Nov. 5. (To the Ed itor.) In the November special school bill edition of the Washing ton Journal, published by the Wash ington Journal association, on the editorial page appears a statement relative to candidates indorsing the compulsory school measure, which is to be voted upon at the election November 7. A number of the re cipients of this paper arrived at the conclusion that this was a ticket, or an indorsement of the candidates' names appearing therein. This was not the intent of the article, as a number of candidates whose names do not appear in the list have since been found to be ardent supporters of the measure. The list of names is not a ticket, has not been in dorsed by any body, fraternity or publication, the sole intent being to as nearly as possible register those who were known to be in support of the compulsory school measure. J. S. MOLTZNER, Business Manager and Editor, Wash ington Journal. Dyeing; of Seal Fur. EUGENE, Or., Nov. 2. (To the Editor.) Please tell me where seal fur is dyed. Are the skins all Eent to the old country, and what coun try, or are some dyed in this country? J. L. STAGE. America Is doing this work so well that few sealskins are now sent to London, as formerly, to be dyed. St Louis, Mo., is an important cen ter for such work. More Truth Than Poetry. By James J. Montasue. A BAD INVESTMENT. We seldom eat upon our dining table. It's very frail, and therefore we have planned To dine downtown whenever we are able To fill the kids up with our cash on hand. It often seems about to come to pieces. But when veneers and bits ot glue it shed We told ourselves "an antique's worth increases With every year that passes o'er its head." We've patched the chairs with string and picture wire, The children may not sit in them at all; We use the floor, when huddled leund the fire, And range the Chippendales along the wall. But little good such furniture can do us Yet we believed that in the by and by They'd bring a very handsome for- . tune to us Or to the youngsters when we came to die. We've saved and scrimped and sac rificed to get them. We've tended and we've watched them through the years. We've never let our progeny upset them For fear the crash would wind up their careers. And all because we thought, in fond delusion. That when, at last, the creaky things were sold. They'd bring the money In In vast profusion. Because they're all eo very, very old. And now, alas! we learn we've hoped but vainly! The French, who set the styles in chairs and sich, Declare these antique pieces are un gainly And buy their outfits In Grand Rap:ds, Mich. Beyond our dreams it is to cash to turn them; Evaporated is our golden goal; There's nothing left for us to do but burn them And make a little saving on the coal! Past Praying; For. Nobody ever says "God save the mark" in Germany. It's too late. JVirmund Zu Haus. After reading the kaiser's book, it is still easier to understand why he lost the war. . Practically Impossible. It is said that the fascisti are ignorant socialists, but if that were the case, how could t,hoy pronounce their name? (Cniiyrlchl. 102?. hy Bell Syndicate. Inc.) In Other Days. Tiventy-five Years Abo. From Tho Oregonian. Nov. 6, 1SP7. Reports from Washington indicate that in case of war with Spain, our exposed seaports aro not tho only things whoso need of fortiflention. would ho manifested. With hundreds of millions of credit obligations rest ing on 153 million dollars of gold re serve our finances are far from in vulnerable. Rio Janeiro. An attempt has been made to assassinate the president of Brazil, Dr. Prudento Moraes. The president's brother, shielding him. was fatally shot and the minister of war. General Betancourt, killed in stantly. Salem. A lengthy petition to the Oregon congressional delegation to have government . improvement on Yaquina bay is being gotten up in Salem. Tho petition is now 31 feet long and still growing. The Multnomah and the Pacific college football teams will meet this afternoon in the opening game of the season. Fifty Years Ago. Wrom The Oregonian, Nov. 6, 1871. Paris. France will pay Germany this week 200,000,000 francs, and will continue to make similar in stallments until the end of the year, when only two milliards of the war indemnity will remain unpaid. Rochester, N. Y. Susan B. An tho-ny and eight other women went in a body to the polls and presented their ballots, which the inspectors received and deposited in tho ballot box. Eighteen women were rejected in the same district. The election yesterday, consider ing the great and Imporiaint inter ests at stake, passed off witln scarcely a ripple. So quiet and or derly was everything conducted that one would not suppose that tho presidential election was being held in the city. Postal cards are in use in San Francisco. We may anticipate this new postal idea introduced here soon. Lodge Affiliation of Candidate. PORTLAND, Nov. 4. (To the Edi tor.) As a citizen perplexed by the vast number of unsponsored tickets bearing the names of candidates for public offices at the coming elec tion I wr.te to you to secure in formation about the opponent of Judge Walter H. Evans, candidate for re-election as circuit judge, de partment No. 6. 1. Is Judge Evans' opponent a member of the .Masonic fraternity? 2. Has Judge Evans" opponent ever acted as attorney for Columbia university, a Catholic Institution? 3. Is it true that Judge Evans' opponent was educated at Notre Dame university, a Catholic insti tution? E. H. PROTHERO, 790 Kearney street. 1. Judge Evans' opponent is not a member of the Masonic fraternity. 2. We cannot undertake to answer questions pertaining to the legiti mate private professional connec tions of candidates. 3. The book called the Bench and Bar of Oregon states that Mr. Hurst attended Notre Dame university from 1902 to 1906, inclusive. Persecutions Are Denied. SAN FRANCISCO, Cal., Nov. 2.--(To the Editor.) Under date of Oc tober 26, 1922, George P. Davidoff published in The Oregonian an ar ticle describing certain persecutions to which are supposed to be sub jected the Macedonians speaking the Bulgarian language, and the writer insinuates that these (persecutions are countenanced by the govern ment of the kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Permit me to request you to deny the Insidious claim of George Davi doff and brand such statements as absolutely unfounded. Thanking you beforehand for the courtesy, I beg to remain, ACTING CONSUL, Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, J