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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 2, 1922)
8 THE MORNIXG OREGOXIAX, MONDAY, OCTOBER 2. 1922 iUomtnij & mrontan KSTABIJSHKD BV HENRY I- PITTOCK Published by The oreironian Pub. Co. j;5 Sixth Street. Portland. Oreaon. C. A. MORDEN. E. B. PIPER. -Manager. Editor. The Oree-onbtn is member of the AS' soclsted Press. The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publi cation of all .-.aws dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dis patches Herein are also reserveo. Subscription Rates Invariably in Adrasre. (Rv Ms.fl.1 Pally, Sunday included, one year . . , . fl 00 Iiaily. Sunday included, six months .. 4. 1 Iily, Sunday included, three months SJ.." Xisily, Sunday included, one monin Iaily, without Sunday, one year . . Iisily. without Sunday, six months Iaily, without Sunday, one month Sunday one year (By Carrier.) 8.00 3.2.1 .00 Tailv. Sunday included, one year l.0n Daily, Sunday included, three months 2.2S Dailv, Sunday included, one month .3 Jlaily, without Sunday, one year 7. SO iJaiiy, without Sunday, three months 1.05 Dailv. without Sunday, one month ... . How to Remit Send postoffice money ardor, express or personal check on your Jocal bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postoffice address In full, including county ana state. rostaare Rates 1 to IB pages. 1 cent: II to 32 pages. 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages. 8 cents; JO to 64 pages, 4 cents: 6B to 80 pages. 5 cents; S2 to pages, o cents. Rasters Basines Offices Verree & ronklin. 300 Madison avenue. New York: Verree & Conklin. Steger Building. Chi cago; Verree & conklin, f ree rreas duiio ing, Detroit, Mich.; Verree A Conkllri, ilonadnock building. San Francisco. Cal. REACHING OCT FOR YAKIMA TRADE Assured construction of a rail- road from Underwood, on the Co lumbia river, to Yakima is a boon both to that ricn country and to Portland. It will bring to Portland a larce proportion of the great ton nage of freight from the land now irrigated and soon to be irrigated, and it will give the producers the benefit of a route to the sea com peting with that to Puget sound, also of ports and steamship lines competing with those of the sound. The proposed extensions to Kllens- burg and Beverly and the projected line from the latter point to We. natchee will . bring to this port much tonnage from the Wenatchee valley and the intervening country and from the Okanogan valley to the north, while the line from Messner to Prosser will tap the lower Yakima valley. That already rich and fast-developing territory will be opened to Portland mer chants and lumbermen at equal rates with their Puget sound com petitors. Operation by the same company of self-propelled barges, with powerful Diesel engines, down tho Columbia river from Underwood to Portland, carrying loaded cars to Portland docks, will give . cheap water transportation for half the distance to Yakima and will make the new railroads independent of any existing line. It will make the Columbia what nature designed it to be the trunk line of a transpor. tation system with either water or rail feeders extending Into the country on each side. It will re move the reproach that the people of this region do not use the Cas cade locks and Celtlo canal and that the millions expended by the government on those improvements have been wasted. The great river will take its proper place as the backbone of the transportation sys tem of its vast basin. A line of refrigerator ships from Portland to the Atlantic coast and foreign ports is the natural third link in the system. The fruit traf fic of Yakima, Wenatchee and the Okanogan, added to that of the middle Columbia, the Snake, the Willamette and the Rogue will as sume such proportions as to make full cargoes. This class of traffic is attractive to fast passenger ships and will render the case for pas senger lines irresistible. It will dis pose of the last doubt about pro vision of cold storage for fruit on the public docks, and will require expansion of present plans before the new transportation system is completed. The entire project will have a decided tendency to change the railroad rate situation In the Co lumbia river basin in favor of Portland. By reaching out "Tth and eastward to' connect 'with, vhe Milwaukee, Northern Pacific and Great Northern roads, it will secure for Portland equal rates witj the sound ports from Yakima, We natchee. intervening points and along the Okanogan river. It will make the distance from the coun try between the Snake river and Spokane to Portland less than to the sound, and will form the basis for a claim to extension of the rate differential to that territory. Dis tance and cost of service furnished the grounds for the decision of the Interstate commerce commission in favor of Portland. Citation of that decision would be a logical ground for its application to the entire Pa louse country and to Spokane it self. The reported purpose of a Union Pacific extension from Yakima to Ellensburg to connect with the Milwaukee, thus to secure a short line to the sound and to eliminate the distance argument for the differential, will be defeated by the new system. While the Union Pacific would have a trans verse line from southeast to north, west from eastern Oregon through central Washington to the sound the Yakima Southern in connection with the northern lines will estab lish a transverse route from north east in eastern Washington to southwest at Portland. The rule would work both ways, and the Union Pacific would probably lose more in the shape of Portland's good will than it gained in the vhape of traffic from Yakima to the sound. - Actual use of the Columbia river on a considerable scale as part of a transportation line will surely stimulate demand for further im provement of the river as a water way and will constitute an argu ment for that policy. Difficulty of upstream navigation is now the main obstacle to barge lines on the middle Columbia. Though this will be overcome by use of large barges am equipped with powerful en gines on the Yakima line, a dam and locks at Bonneville would give lack water all the way to Underr wood, enabling a tug to tow a string of barges at lower cost. That Improvement would be 'the pre cursor of others of the same kind at Celilo, Umaftlla and other points on up the' river; 'The three uses of water for power, navigation and irrigation should make this work financially feasible, though the cost would te "prohibitive for' anyone of the three. As development on these lines progressed, the Colum bia would figure larger as the trunk of a great transportation system with rail and river feeder reaching north and south, east and west along its winding course to collect traffic for the barge lines that would ply on the pools made placid by the dams and that would be lifted through the locks by the power of its tamed rapids, while the water diverted for irrigation would make traffic for the river to carry. The certain prospect of expanded domestic trade and foreign com. merce that is opened by the Yaki ma line is a demonstration of the commanding strategical position held by Portland. Situated on a great inland waterway and at the head of navigation for seagoing ships, and being the hub of a rail and water transportation system from which spokes extend to all points of the compass, this port has only to develop the opportunities presented by nature in order to be the undisputed trade emporium of this vast region, drawing business from all directions with the magnet of shorter distance and lower cost than are possible for any rival. OIK STATE DEBT. There is printed- in the Annalist article, from which Mr. Lazarus quotes today figures on compara tive state indebtedness, this cau tion: These figures should not fee used be yond their significance and no broad generalisations a to debt "burden and "extravagance" can be baser en them. The comparison is of the ratio of state debt to assessed valuation. It is, or ought to be, commonly under stood that assessed value is not in dicative of true value, and that the systems of tax valuating in the sev eral states vary widely. Some states put a low tax value on property; others put a high value.. For example. South Dakota is smaller in both area and popula tion than Oregon, yet its assessed value is more than 50 per cent greater. The result is that South Dakota ranks twenty-fourth in the ratio of debt to assessed value, but has the highest per capita debt of the forty-eight states. , Moreover, the largest part of the Oregon state debt la for road im. provements. State road bonds in the main are not a burden on tax ation but are paid, interest and principal, from automobile licenses. Automobile owners willingly pay a high license tax because the funds derived therefrom go into highway construction. Resistance to discriminatory and excessive taxation of automobiles for general public purposes would be so strong as to make that policy impractical. State road bonds therefore, do not tap a resource open to general tax ation. They stand on a basis all their own, and while the guaranty of the state and all its resources is behind them, practically they have no relation toward assessed values. Another large pari of Oregon bonded indebtedness is for financ ing the soldiers' bonus law. The greater part of that series of bonds is to provide the loans granted under the act. These loans are se cured, by real property, and so that class of bonds, consequently, repre sents money not spent but money at interest, which in time will be repaid. There should be Intelligent dis tinction, in combating high taxes. between taxes extravagantly spent and the bookkeeping figures for that indebtedness for public im provements which is not a charge on tax funds. ' RABIDLY PARTISAN. It la vigorously denied by a demo cratic newspaper, the Portland Journal, that the $5000 contribu. tion of Jesse Wlnburn to the Pierce campaign fund is Newberryisny Mr. Winburn is a newcomer. He or his friends have let it bo known that he is an ex-Tammany captain from New York, where he made a wad of money out of the advertis ing concession on the street cars. Now it may be that Mr. Winburn is one of those New York hicks who are easier to separate from their money than the rural rube was ever said to be. Yet we doubt that an ex-Tammany captain is soft enough to be separated from $5000, without hope of reward, by the tears of Walter Pierce, or by his in definite promises of tax reduction, or that he would care a whoop whether taxes were reduced in Oregon or not. It is not charged that this new angel of the Pierce campaign was forced out of Tarn. many hall in disgrace as would doubtless have been the case were he so Impractical a politician aa he is now represented to be. But the gift does not concern us a lot. It is, however, interesting, for the accompanying revelations of partisan quality in the high-sound. ing stuff we have been reading about Newberryism and purity of elections. Anybody in Oregon who wanted to go gunning for corrupt practices in elections never had to go back to Michigan, whether he was look, ing for republican or democratic game. In more than one election wealthy democratio candidates in Oregon have poured out money no toriously in excess of the amount permitted by the corrupt practices act. In one election one demo cratic candidate for high office was openly charged with so doing. Yet the Portland newspaper which goes gunning in Michigan, which sees nothing but sweet sin cerity in a handsome contribution from a political hardshell, which discovers only slush and corruption in every fund accumulated for any purpose of which it disapproves, has never peeped about democratic eorrupt practices in Oregon. Yet in an indignant reply to a printed letter it says it is not a rabid par tisan. MR. SMULL'S DREAD ALTERNATIVE. When in London recently J. Bar stow Smull. president of tho Emer gency Fleet corporation, told the British that, if congress refused to grant ship subsidies and if then private owners should not buy gov ernment shins, the only alternative would be government -ownership and operation. He called this 'a most unhappy state of affairs" and he predicted that, rather than face it, "congressional opponents 'of the subsidy bill would change their votes." One way to avoid that "unhappy state of affairs" would be to frame the bill so that the shipping board will be compelled to' let" all the people "in on" the shipping busi ness. The men now in the game naturally want to buy all the good ships in the emergency fleet that Uay can handle. t a low a prlc as possible, and to confine the benefits of the subsidy to them selves, "for this reason they wish to restrict the market, and to that end they would like the terms of the subsidy and the policy of the shipping board to be such that "outsiders" will fear to break into the game, buy ships and operate them. Mr. Smull wants the subsidy to continue for ten years because the American people are not "ship, minded'' and need inducements to go into the business. A subsidy system administered by a despotic board, which could kill a shipping company or drive ships from a port without giving either a chance to make a plea for its life is not the way to make the people ship minded. If the board were bound by law to do business in the open, to hear all interests, to publish its decisions, to give all a square deal. and to encourage competition under those conditions, the people would go in and he could sell the govern ment ships and get better prices for them than would be possible if "the old crowd" were the only bid ders. When the people's money was in ships, they would soon be come shipminded, as quickly as they became railroad-minded in the early days of railroad building. Votes can be won for a subsidy bill on those lines that are against it in its present form. REVIVAL or MO SI-KM rOTTEB. Constantinople and freedom of the Turkish straits are a great stake, well worth a fight to the principal shipping and commercial nations of the world,' but Britain has much more at stake in holding the Dardanelles against the Turks namely, prestige in the eyes of hundreds of millions of Mohamme dans. The victories of a century over Moslem nations or in defense of Moslem Turkey against Russia had fixed the idea of British in. vlncibility in the minds of the Mas. lems, whose trust is in the sword and who pay no attention to claims of justice when unsupported by force. But the events of the war shookethat prestige, and surrender of the straits to embattled Turkey would go far to destroy it. The first blow to British presftge was the unsuccessful attack on the Oallipoli peninsula and the final withdrawal in 1915. The impres sion of that reverse was largely wiped out by British victories in Syria and Mesopotamia and by sur render of the sultan, followed by allied occupation of Constantinople and the straits, but in the mean time President Wilson's slogan of self-determination had been sound ed throughout Islam. It had the effect of a firebrand in dry grass and was picked up by Moslem agi. tators and by bolshevigt propa gandists and carried far and wide. It started a revolutionary move ment in India, and caused revolt in Mesopotamia and Egypt, expulsion of British troops and "advisers" from Persia, ending of British con. trol of Afghan foreign relations. Lack of comprehension of what was afoot led British statesmen to commit blunders at all points, by which they played into the hands of those who aimed to liberate all Mohammedans from Christian rule and to restore the ancient glory of Islam. A Persian national delegation was rebuffed by the British at the Paris conference, and its leaders later appeared at the head of a revolutionary government at Te heran that drove out British and French officials and soldiers and has filled their places with Ameri cans and a few Belgians and Swedes. - A delegation that started for London to present the claim of Egypt to independence was 'held prisoner at Malta. Rebellion fol lowed, and independence coupled with alliance has been granted by advice of Lord Allenby, the British commissioner at Cairo. Afghanistan made war on India and, though the Eritish drove back the invaders, they did not follow up the offensive and made peace by a treaty which surrendered control over foreign relations, while the bolshevists were using Afghanistan as a corridor through which preachers of revolution passer) Into India. , . . In the face of threatening revo, lution,. Britain granted India a mild form of home rule, but Moa. lem and Hindu joined in a seditious movement for independence. In. dian Mohammedans had been stirred by. reports that the sultan's independence as ealiph was at stake in Turkey, and to mollify them the Indian government called on the home government to grant Turkish nationalist demands. For I publishing this dispatch Secretary ! Montagu was dismissed, whereat Moslem was further incensed. Having been promised independ ence, the Arabs of Mesopotamia became angry at long delay, yielded to nationalist agitators, rebelled in 1910, were suppressed and then pacified by enthronement of Emir Feisal as king. Turks and Arab nationalists have now aroused them to new rebellion. The Arabs of Palestine are in an attitude of chronic protest against Jewish eontrol under British aus pices, and foroe alone prevents re volt. Britain now appears as cham pion of the defeated Greeks against the victorious Turks and threatens wsar to prevent the conquerers' re turn to the straits and Europe, The significant fact about all these events Is that in every ease they present Britain as yielding or in opposition to a Mohammedan people, either in war or in more or less open rebellion. To the Moslem with his implicit reliance on force as the in til arbiter, this is an vi. dence of waning power en the part of Britain, of reviving power on the part of Islam. They see Mehamv medan nations rising to independ ence, either actual, at thinly dis guised, and Turkey successfully de fying Britain by crushing Greece. Tley see the Christian nations one by one passing over to the sideof Turkeyfirst Germany, then Rus sia, then France and Italy, and they see Spain beaten by the Moors of the Rif. Confidence is inspired that the day for the resurrection of Moslem'power has come and that Christian power is on the decline. When Turkey entered the world war, this issue of Moslem against Christian was clouded by division of Islam between the two groups of Christian powers,, and the call to a holy war was defied by Moslem chiefs in India and Arabia, but since the war ended it has been re vived and has gained force by com blpatlOfl with tbo demand for self. determination. - Unopposed now by any chiefs of the Mohammedan faith, it has swept over western Asia and northern Africa in the new formj of resistance to infidel rule. Knowledge of this ferment doubtless prompts the British cabi net to offer firm opposition to Turkish demands, and to defy the protests of workmen and tax payers. , Another retreat before a Moslem army might be the signal for rebellion wherever Briton rules over Mohammedans. Distress of farmers has driven them to form tho farm bloc in congress, which corresponds to the agrarian parties of some countries Of Europe. That la a further step in political division on class lines, at which labor unions have made a beginning. The entire economic situation shows that the interest of each class it so interwoven with that of all ethers that It is impos sible to define where that of one begins and another ends. All ar members of one body, and tbe pov erty or prosperity of on reacts on the others. All nations also are members of a greater body the family of nations and the same law operates among them. Though combined political action of the farmers may be necessary as a tem perary expedient to deal with jm mediate, pressing emergencies, the remedy for the ills of all elements of the nation is to be fsund by farmer, workman, capitalist, pro. fessional man, through study of the relation that their own problems bear to those of the entire nation and of the world, and through sup port of domestic and foreign poll cleg that will promote the welfare of all. Then workmen will not hold out for wages that depopulate tbe farms, and farmers will not demand that other na'.ions pay war debts that would hopelessly impov. erish their customers Playgrounds scattered through the densely.built sections of cities, such as Portland has and such as Vancouver, B. C, learns from us to provide, can be fully appreciated only after seeing the crowded cities of the Atlantic coast and Europe, where parks are far from the cen ter and where great areas are sol. idly covered with buildings, with scarcely a patch of green to glad, den the eye. So precious are green spots in a wilderness of brick and stone that London has laid the gravestones flat in its closed churchyards, converted them into gardens and lawns and fenced them in, just to serve as breathing spots. In providing these breathing spots and places for outdoor play Port. land and other cities of the Pacific coast show wise foresight. They are a necessity of healthy life in a great city, the more so as it grows. When the champion pugilist ' of the old world is described by his manager as "an intelligent ape" and when he predicts that "the best fighters of the future will be dusky tribesmen trained by chasing baboons to the treetops and fight ing lions barehanded," the men who follow the so-called "manly art" as a means of moneymaking are placed In the class of brute and prizefighting is discredited as a port. It has been said that it takes brains to make a prizefighter, but according to this authority it takes brains of no higher order than an ape possesses, and the thick skull of Siki has proved quite as serviceable. One result of Siki's victory may be that white men will retire In 'despair of victory and will leave the field to the well trained, bone-headed ape-men of Africa. There is but one J. D. Farrell in a generation. Who else would have appreciated the desire of the little girl at Bt. Johns, winner in her class at tho state fair but for ob vious reasons unable to attend? Who else would have made it pos sible? Lets of men, of course; but only one acted promptly. It has been said that Mr. Farrell has but one chair in his offiee and be occu pies it. It may truly be said that he has one heart in his body and it is mighty big and functions. The good that Pr. Bernard Paly did In his will is bearing fruit. Boys and girls of Lake county are Starting In the schools of higher learning to secure that education not available in their home county. Memory of Dr, Paly ever WtH fee kept green. Voting machines, as County Clerk Beveridge says, are the Ideal solution of election disorder; but a voting population must be educated in their use. Otherwise the hesi. tating voter will press the button, at the head, voting straight In spite of himself. Scientists are deeply interested in some footprints made in the lava of a volcano in Hawaii before the aforesaid lava- had cooled. What the common man would like to know is what the fellow said when he put his feet there. The Still man and Tiernan babies elinch their legitimacy, one in deeency and the ether the victim of an unfortunate mess. The sooner the trials are forgotten the better for both. Young fellows continue to "rob the cradle" through the Vancouver matrimonial mill. They help make business for courts that pew have too much on hand. An attempt will be made to reaeh the north pole in a U-boat. There may be nothing sinister in this; the diver will find the Stars and tripes nailed to the pole. Because our Professor Dryden is leaving for California a hen down there makes a record of 834 eggs to add to his poultry prob lems. Building a Sellweod bridge of the junk of the Burnside structure is of doubtful advantage. "Used" hardly can apply to bridges. Naturally that irrigation meeting at Bend ithis week will be wholly a water affair. Time was but that's a memory. An upstairs store for women ought to be made to pay if enough full-length mirrors are installed. Salem is tho only big little city where gss and oats fraternise pn tb paved street FATAL riMIlE rLOIR ARRIVE Rasalaa Loaf as Coatlaued Diet Causes Death. Hays Expert. The first sample to reach this country of the now famous "famine flour" of the Russians has been re ceived in fN'er York at the offices of the National Lutheran council, an American relief organization working in Russia in co-operation with the American relief adminla. tratlon. Gritty, dark brown in color, and smelling like new earth from the garden this substance of which the starving Russians bake their bread appears unpalatable, unwholesome and totally unfit to be eaten. No substance like it is nsd for food, nor would be tolerated by the people of any portion of the United States. The "flour" is composed of the ground up seed of lebeda, with clay mixed in for adhesiveness. It has been used for IS months through out the Volga region, wherever American food was unable to pane, trate, and Is new In uso In the Uk raine and the Black sea area, whirl the famine is still raging. The particular sample received by the Natioaal Lutheran 'council left Russia by way of Poland, being carried along by the cholera refu. gees who streamed across the bor der to the west last spring. It was not taken out of Russia aa a euriosity to be exhibited but as the only food to be carried aleng on the weary journey of several hundred miles on foot. The little box was sent to America by Rev. Rudolph Kersten, Canadian pastor from Bashaw, Alberta, who volun teered last year to go to Poland to take care of a vacant Lutheran parish which Includeg four cities and J40 villages. Rev. Mr. Kersten believed that as soon a Americans actually saw the unbelievably filthy food on which the refugees were dependent they would do everything in their power to rush aid to Europe. Royal S. Copeland, New York city health commission, who has had tests made of the flour for its food value, states that persons eating bread made of it would receive no nourishment, while the digestive or gans would be so affected as to cause eertain death. It contains no nourishment to speak of. It satis fies appetite but not hunger. It staves eff the pangs but results in certain death. Lebeda, the seed of which forms the basis of this "flour" is a weed common to the great steppes areas of eastern Europe and Siberia. The seed is about the sis of mustard seed, is dark brown and is covered with a hard, goally shell which sticks between the teeth when eaten. Le beda )s a member of a large fam ily, naving some 150 brothers and sisters scattered throughout the world. One of the family grown in Italy along the Adriatic sea and provides the people of tha:: section with a crude substitute for salt. An other is found in California, where it is used for hedge fences. None of ths entire botanical group pro videg any nourishment for man, al though in1 Siberia ope of the species Is sometimes eateq by cattle dur ing dry seasons. OREGON DEBT RATIO JS HIGH Relation to Assessed Value Cam pared With That of Other plates. PORTLAND. Sept. 30. (To the Editor.) I wonder how many tax payers there are in the state whs are aware that Oregon has the greatest gross per capita state debt ($54 60), barring South Dakota, and by far the greatest ratio of net state debt to assessed valuation of any state, with 4.18 per cent. This ratio ranges from 4.18 for Oregon to .0005 per cent for Indiana. In the case of only one state (Oregon) is this ratio higher than 3 per cent, and in only three more (.-Louisiana. Delaware and South Carolina) higher than t per cent. The ratio in fully two. thirds of ths states fa less than -1 per cent. See schedule herewith: Katio of net state debt to assessed vaiution. Compiled from authoritative published statements: Pct. pet, 1 Oregon 4.1s JS Verment 0.64 Z Louisiana... U.51 2 New Jersey.. 0.J 3 Delaware... 2.1 i;!7 N. Ha pshlrs U.49 . Carolina-, a. i-t 28 yen sylvani 0.4T 6 Maine J. 71 iVO Arkansas IKS 36 Colorado .. ., 0.42 a w. V irginia, l.oi f California., 1.40 8 Utah 1 85 si Allhsourl. . . . 0.42 SI Arisana. . , .. 0.41 9 Now York.. 1.29 183 lienma It. 41 10 Maryland. .. 1.24 l;;4 Cttnnectlcut. 0 36 11 Mass l.ia 185 N. Dakota.. . 0.34 12 K.lsland..., 1.0a X Oklahoma. .. 0.27 13 Virginia lbs 1st Illinois u.2 14 N. Carolina. LOT 3S Montana. , 0.24 13 Washington 1.0a Isu Kentucky.;.. 0.22 IftNew Mulca Uio Moobio ,,. o.is IT Wyoming. .. U.U4 41 Florida 0.1S 42 Texas 0.13 Is Minnesota. , U OS Is Tennessee. . C.92 43 Idaho 0.10 44 Wisconsin.. . 0.05 45 Iowa 0.62 Indiana 0.0o 47'Kanaa. . -No debt 48 NtAiraske.N' debt 30 Mississippi. . 0 111 Zl Alabama..., O.bS 23 Miolusao. .. 6 b a sevada 0.78 4 S. Dakota... 0.7; All of Oregon's existing indebted ness was inaurred after the fateful April , 1917, except 250,00O, which was incurred a few days earlier, Tho aforesaid data are excerpts from a survey of the Bank of Amer. lea of New York aa published, in the Anallut of September 18. The average citiaen pays too little attention to the vital developments iq stats government and finance, aa shewn by the growing state debt. At this tax-paying period, and at the November eleetion, when the new bond issuea are submitted for his vote, it behooves him to stop, ook and listen. . PPOAR M. LAZARUS. NO CREED OR RACE DISTINCTION Prosrresslves Deny Society Baeklnsri Ackaowlrdfte Fair Treatmeat. PORTLAND. Sept. 0. (To the Editor.) 7 A word of appreciation. Since the formal call for a meeting of the progressive group in Oregon, we have noticed with full apprecia tion the fair and unbiased reports in The Oregonian. It may be interesting for you to knew first hand, that this movement was not conceived by the patriotic societies of Oregon, nor any faction thereof; but ia rather the outcome of a long considered programme of tha national progressive and ether sym pathetic organizationa Our tlcfcet is made up or the most progressive men we oould select from the nominees of the primary, without regard to party affiliation, and It was very kind of your re porter to say that eur seleetion was Impartial. Any man. regarateaa or ereea, raee or color, who bellevea in American institutions Is welcome to our party. This organization Is looking to ward the campaign of 1924, when we hope that the people will be ready for a progressive president of the type of William E. Borah of Idaho. Attain thanking you for your lib eral treatment we remain. NORMAL 8. RICHARDS, Chairman. G. L. CLEAVER. Seereriry. GYPSY LOVE aOKG. -Why is fate so kind to some. So eruel to us! This wild gypsy heart of mine. Seeks lova amongst tha columbine; In the fast receding darJc, Hear the distant eall of lark; Carolling without the gate Calling blithely to It's mate. In a world of rose and dew, go aing I sweetheart to you. ilARQUERITjS E. TAGGART. Those Who Come and Go. Tales of Polks at the Hotels. Your notions of Australia may have been largely derived from such fiction as "Robbery Under Arms." If so, revise 'em. These days ara gone forever. "The bushman. the kangaroo and the wallaby are found onlv in the back blocks nowadays." said S. Boon of Adelaide, South Aus tralia, who is tarrying at the Ore gen for a day or so. "There are a few wild bushmen In the north, but mostly they are dying out. The old Australia, the Australia of Starlight in the book, ia gone. American I find much like Australians, so that I felt quite at home from the first. Our stock was that of the pioneer, just aa youra was. That had some thing to do with it. I fancy. WhatT Right-o! 1 am Impressed by your hotels, mathoda of advertising, pic ture shows, theaters, but mostly by your courtesy and hospitality to the rtranger. It pleased me to diS" rover aunh general good feeling to ward Australia. Ona thing more: The girls of Oregon ara beauties, 90 per cent of them. I really must say that." Mr. Boon is visiting his brother, Al Boon, village smith and garage man of Cloverdale, Or., whom he had not aeen for 20 years. "I have alwaya been known as thn dwarf of the coin family and few have ever recognised me aa Thor, the giant kilter. In disguise. Few people seem to understand ma and appreciate my Importance, though blessed are they who care for me, for they shall not want." That's a penny talking, according to the philosophy of J. W. Benson of Davenport, la-, who Is at the Oregon hotel while determining i-pon a business location in Port lund. Inasmuch aa Mr. Benaon manufactures a candy specialty, he may either be furthering or discour aging his own alms by such propa ganda, according to the viewpoint. Four years ago he was. a resident of this eity, engaged in the real estate market. P'or four years he haa dwelt In Iowa, where the tall corn grows. "Enough." said Mr. Benson. "I've come home again. The man who lives here once can t stand the hot aummers and cold winters of the central states." With hie sons, Kenneth and Hayden. Mr. Benson made tha overland trip by auto, vialtlng the Grand conyon and Yellowstone, and showing a tally of more than 3000 miles. They ara attacking taxea by at trition at Walla Walla, aacording to George Ginn, wheatgrower. who stopped at tha Imperial hotel yes terday while on his way home from the Mate fair at Salem. This, by the way, he said, gladdened him to the roots or his agricultural heart. "We have organized in Walla Walla a taxpayers' association." pursued Mr. Ginn, "to battle with : most melancholy tax rate. Principally we are keeping close to legislative candidates, pledging them to reform, and ara conferring with county of ficers respecting economy In their buagets. Such a policy ought to work, if adhered to, and we are very much in earnest about carrying on. Business conditlona at Willi Walla are not especially good. Though there waa a 10-bushel crop, the wheat waa not of good quality and the price was poor. Land is high there, and returns such aa those do not spell prosperity. I was more than favorably impressed with the Oregon Mate fair, with the scope and excellence of the exhibits, and am coming another year." If you would preserve the slender grace and charm of your youth, go get a spade and dig In the garden. Charles Woods of Berkeley. Cal.. who sells auto accessories, held forth in the Oregon lobby yesterday to such effect. "Regular farm at my home In Berkeley," volunteered Mr. Woods. "We raise all our own vegetables, and I wouldn't have a plow on the place. The spade, man's first agricultural Instrument, Is the thing. By spading I stave off the curse of embonpoint, and. though I still require a 48-inch belt. I often thank heaven and my garden that 1 am not aa some other men." Mr. Woods haa but completed a business sortia into British Columbia, where ha avers that he met two old-time friends of his Mr. Haig and his brother. "It did me good to see the boys again, tha only Scotchmen I ever really knew," laughed Mr. Woods. 'Things are looking bright In Vancouver and Victoria." There'll bo a .good word said for Oregon to tha prospective tourists of Shanghai, "What impressed you mostT" asked A. J. Beaach, editor of the Northwest Hotel Newa. of Seat tle, In converaation with Dr. L. M. Walker of the Chinese aeaport. They met in Victoria. "Two thinga," said tha returning traveler, whose American tour comprised T0O0 milea. "Just two things, tha Columbia River highway and Crater lake." Mr. and Mrs. Beasch, with Cheshire Mitchell, ara registered at the Mult nomah. Recently they attended the dedication of the new Lewis-Clark hotel at Lewiston. Idaho. W, 8. Cauvin, agent of the Amer ican Expresa company at Shanghai, China, ia at the Benson for a few daya while attending to matters connected with the world cruise sponsored by his organization for next year. Preparations for the cruise called Mr. Cauvin to Amer ica, and it ia understood that he will have charge of the booking. A liner has been chartered for the voyage. W. W. Weitllch. R. A. Pllcher and D. McDonald of New York were offi cials of the Penney Stores company who arrived yeaterday to attend the Pacific eoast convention of the or ganization, to be held here. J. C. Penney, preaident and organizer of 'the wideapread retail system, is also in Portland for tha event. They arc registered at the Multnomah. Mr, and Mra. R, ft. Kern of New York toured the Columbia River highway yesterday as an integral event of the western trek aa tour ists. Mr. Kern la a hotel man of national repute, being one of the preprietora of the Marlborough ho tel and other associated taverns of Gotham. They are at the Benson, W. K. Felt ef the advertising de partment of tha Hoquiam Washlng tonian. Repreaentatlva Johnson's newapaper property. Is at the Im perial hotel while paying a busi ness visit to Portland. The .Grays Harbor district is confident of great development within the next few years. H. G. Northrup. hardware sales man, stopping at the Multnomah, is enthusiastic over Portland's pros pects. "The building new going on here." he said, "beara witnesa to the faith you have in your city, and anyone with half an eye can see that H I justified." F. E. Sudehaker of Bene, travel ing freight and passenger agent of the Union Pacific, is registered at tha Oregon for a faw daya. He re cently returned from a commercial visit to Klamath J-alla, A. E. Edwards, president of the Edwards Ice Machine comany of Se attle, is at the Hotel Portland while interviewing buainesa patrona In this city. He is optimistic for a mild winter. Burroughs Nature Club. Copyright. Hoasafoa-Mimia Co. (aa )sa Answer Tkeso Qarnttoaaf 1. Will any bird attack the potato bug? 2. What makes lumps of gum on peach and cherry treesT 1 Please tell where sable fur comes from. Also If its fur is net longer than mink and what ia the natural color? Answers In tomorrow's nature notes. Aaswers Prevlsa Qaeslloaa, 1. Will captive owls live on raw meal aloneT No If by "meat" you mean only butcher's meat. They must have also some of their natural food, as English sparrows, mice, etc., and these must be fad, Just aa they come in nature, not skinned or prepared The owl's digestive organs will not keep heallhy unless they have a certain amount of their natural work of separating bones feathera. hides, etc., from edible fleshy parts of their prey, and of casting up the insoluble parts. a e I. I have a turtle that seems able to feed under water and out of it. Isn't thla unusual? If your mrtle were a purely water-living, it would feed under water only. Perhaps you have a semi-water species, like the so-called semi, box turtle, which Uvea In ponds moat of the time, but also roams around marshy spots, nipping green Hps. berries, or insect grubs. Of course these foods are eaten out of water: but tadpoles seized in water are eaten below It. S. If as you say. fishes do nnt take care of their young, how do you explain the frequent sight of the horned pout fotlowed by a achool of tiny fishes? When we atated fish did not cus tomarily care for their young, we specifically mentioned cat ti.hee as an exception. The common horned pout, or bullhead, Ameluruo nebu losus. Is a cat fish. Malea of fresh water cat fishes build the seat and guard It, and are followed by their young until the latter can shift for themselves. In salt water rat fishes, the mala rarrlea the eggs In his mouth, until hatched, sd the young will swim into his mouth for safety whan alaitned. FEW f AHEn'TI ARK TIC AC HICK Plea for It Is hi to Obtain Rellgloas Teseklag at tekuL PORTLAND, Uept. 10. (To the Editor.) Anent the compulsory achool bill a correspondent recently augmented that parents who wished their children taught religion had "ei ary evening and all day Sunday" In which to do It at noma, tit ill other have advanced tha argument that religion should ho taught In the public schools and thus do away with the necessity for denomlna tional schools. The latter suggestion. It would seem, ought to be disposed of by the simple question. "Whose religion?" An excellent public school teacher, by religion a Catholic, was hearj to remark that aha would not like to be obliged to read the scriptures to her pupils, since she knew she could not avoid giving her own con struction to what was read. Nor could she; neither could a Method ist, a Baptist, a Christian Scientist, or any other of the "a? varieties" of belief represented on our teaching force. Any really good reader, merely by inflection, will neces sarily color the thing read by his own understanding of the text. But as to the first contention much more migbt be said. Many people feel that the curriculum makes heavy enough demands upon the child, without filling his nights and Sundays with further mental strain. Besides, few parents possess trained teaching ability equal to that of profeaslonal teachers, hence would not be able to compete, espe cially when faced with tha necessity of combatting some theory the child had already heard advanced In -ias and which he had seen, unquestlon ingly accepted as truth by all hia matea. Take for instance the theory of evolution which wa are wall aware ia taught In our public schools, despite the fact that Its own lead-ins- exponents admit repeatedly that many of its vital premisea are mere ly theory, unsupported as yet by any known facta. There are many Christian people of varied denom inational belief who fee) that the plain and simple Bible record of tha beginning preaenta a atory complete and logical and without any "miss ing links" or "loss of time," and on which makes far less demand upon their credulity than does the teach ing of much of the modern "science falsely so called." What right have others to demand that the children of such parenta submit to have thalr minds poisoned by tha teaching of such theories, and that tha parents and pastors be burdened with ths doubtful task of eliminating theaa Impressions and creating others to replace them? Why not concede to them their inalienable right of filling theaa receptive young mlnda with truth In tha first place? E. B. Lseatloa sf MIslnaT (saspsay. PORTLAND. Bept. 10 (To tba Editor.) Is .there a mine In Oregon by tha name of Cenaolldated Copper Mining A Power company? Is tha mine working? What ara tha shares in tha mine worth? Do aharehold era ever get anything for their In vestment? READER. Tha Consolidate Copper Mining & Power company property 4n the North Santiem district, Marion county, consisted of 55 claims, with ora aaid to contain from 1 to 14 per cent of copper and values of fl per ton ef gold. Offices were main tained in Portland, and Hugh Free, land was preaident of tha company. At present, however, tho property ia in the handa of tha Lots-Larsen Mining company, and It Is under stood to be undergoing development at this time. Information regard ing tha property could no doubt be obtained from the company, whose address is Gatea, Or. Fruit sr Vegetable. NASKLLK. Wash.. Sept. St. (To tne Editor.) Tli anawer in Tha oregonian to Mia question. "Is a to. mato a fruit or a vegetable." ieavea me In doubt whether It Is m. vege table or a fruit or both. Tha state, ment aeema to convey the Idea It may be either, depending on from v. oat angle we see tha tomato. A bean law fruit, so are corn, per simmons, lemons, but they ar not all vegetablea. A tomato Is fru't. Scientifically, a tomato Is a berry. A RKADMl. Jha correspondent get ths mean ing Intended in the answer. Botanl eally tha tomato ia a fruit; It aaso answers to the definition of vege table; It ia variously Identified aa ncth or either, but the new Standard dictionary says that for table use nd in the garden and markets It ranks as a vegetable only. More Truth Than Poetry. By Jssses J. Msatagaa. AOAMJOM--.D HOPE. In youth we longed lo writ a book Some throbbing, gripping etary By means of which w hoped Is hook A parrel run Of glory. But writing isles, w four, waa hard. Involving years of labor; Far easier to b a bar 4 And ply the pipes and tabor. Then men of literary skill But full of high ambition Tha which enabled them to fill Imperial positions Wrote books and sold 'em by tho score And reaped rich profit by It, Which prompted ua to yearn ofsea - mors To take our prn and try it Ws thought wo'd be statesmen, too, . And gain the world s affection. And when wn had no woi k to do We'd pen our recollections. Wo wouldn't need to learn to writ In this exalted elation: We knew the book would aell all right Upon our rerutatlon. Wr often thought about Hie caae Of Joseph I. Tumulty, But getting Into such a place Involved great difficulty. Ex-Kaiser Hill will gain much geld (We hear) from his narration. Yet w have no desire to hold The old man'a present station. o. lacking fame and writ leg powers. Though still with yearning mlt ten. W ort of fear no book of ours Is going to be written! All gqssro. Tha law of compensation I alwaya In operation. Children lo a great deal of time on their way to achool, but It Is always made up by tha speed with which they leave. Hope ftprlnss Kteraal. DlKcnuracement means nothing to aoms people. Kvery few yeara tha demorriti In Maine and Conntlcut nominate a candidate for United Htates senator. F.aseaslve, Congress owes It to tha country to hirs Professor Klnsteln to Inter pret ihs tariff bills elastic rat clauae. (CnnvrtaM. H?'- hv Ft-11 Svnillrsle. f ft ) In Other Days. I'lflr I'rara Abo. rm The rireannisn. (Vtihr 2. IT5 Detroit. Fourteen vessels, so fs r, were reported rsterd:iy sunk rr beached on l.ske Krle during the storm un Kj t unlay main. ho far only one life ia reported lost. Union county has a IS-yesr-oH boy who dispenses the gospel. There are In I'ort'.nnd a great manv, older and ouhKer, who dispense wits t. The "Hvbee" mare hrat "Fir Fl" In a three-tnll rte ul th Htwre counly fair last week. The rnni-lim passins through I.a Grande are now crowded with paaa enKcrs. Governor Ilenneit of Idaho waa lo speak on potitbal topirs at La Grande on the IMh ult. Tweatr-Hie Years .Ua Krnrn The (irejrnnlMn. r,-tnber 2. Ia07. Kan Francisco. In cnneequnce o( the yellow fever quarantine In th southern stales, tbe Southern Pa cific company has iierlrieu to close Its gulf route to all freight traffic. The contraclor for the Improve, ment of the upper portion of Will iams avenue has been able to secure a large amount of the lumber re quired, and It Is hema delivered. The residents ire hopeful from this that there will be no delay on account e( lack of material. A roadway to Slieep Camp and a cable tramway to the summit will rid th route from Dvea to Lake Lindemann of much of Ita terrors and Portland capital Is Interestedalu seeing that the way ia mad ess). Boston Is sure of th pennant rd Klnbedanx Is now a Mitarr man than John L. Sullivan or Ii.nrlk Ibsen. HOUIK HIVKH HAS FAMOI S THICK Great Blnck Walaat Plssted by It. V. Brail Is Uaanark la Valley, CENTRAL POINT. Or., Kept. !. (To the Editor.) In Th Oregonian recently there waa the editorial pag msntlon of Oregon's entry of black walnut tree In tli proposed forestry hall of fame. tvral treat, ail In tha Willamette valley, ara re ferred to, but no mention la mad of on In southern Oregon that 1 am led to bellev will equal If not exvel In dlmenalona and beauty of pro portion any in the atate. Th tree waa planted In IMa by my father, K. V. Beall, an Illinois pioneer of IliJ. on th Beall home stead three mile north of Med ford At a hiht of five feel It ha a clr rumftnme of 1 f"t t Inche, th first limb starting at shout 10 fe and has a spread over all of 100 feel. Not having a transit I can only esti mate the height at "S or to fet. Growing In approximately th geographical center of the Rositt River valley It ha long been a laa ir.ark and waa a aourc of great pride to my father during th later years of his life. It. VINTON BEALL. ('.s.ill of ( ssrren Itloek. LA CKNTEB, Wash.. Kept. 10. (To the Editor.) If w wanted lo build a aolid block of concrete (ordinary conrreta work). 1 feet by I feet by I feet, how much crushed rock would It take? How much sand would It take? As for the cement we are not Inter ested In that, aa the amount used would only bo In accordance with tha strength desired. C. A. B Th amount of "crushed rook" would depend somew hat on how it la crushed. Concrete engineer usually figure lhat gravel conslsta of 40 per cent voids, which meana that a block Ixlti feat (una cubic yard) would require one cubic yard of giw. and .4 of a cubic yard of sand. This correspond precisely wtth th practical formula, S-S-l. extensively used In ordinary concrete work. Irslloa of Old t fe. SALEM. fr., Kept, lo (To th r.d. Itor ) I'lesrs (tatn the original lo cation of lha !,ouvre cafe in Port land, the one (hat was there several yeara ago. CONSTANT HKADKU. Th Louvre cafo was at one time located on the tast Fid of Fourth street between Washington and Alder. In later yrars It was on tha north side of Alder between Third and Fourth.