Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 20, 1922)
THE 3IORXING OREGONIAX, THURSDAY, APRIL 20, 1923 10. ESTABLISHED BY HENRY I PITTOCK. I'ubiished by Tha Oresontan Publieninc Co. 13.1 Sixtn Street, Portland, Oregon. C. A. HORDES. IS. B. PIPER. Uauger. Editor. The OregonJa.i is a member of the Asso rted Press. The Associated Press Is ex- f-.usiveiy entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also toe local news published herein. All rights r.r publication of special dispatches nerew are also reserved. Subscription Kates Invariably in Advance. (By Mall.) T'iy. Sunday Included, one year. $8.00 J'aiiy. Sunday included, six months.. JJaily. Sunday included, three months. 2-23 Laiiy, Sunday Included, one month... .75 L'aily. without Sunday, one year 6.00 taily, without Sunday, six months... 3.25 I-'aJ.y. without Sunday, one month 60 Sunday, one year 2.50 (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday included, one year $9.00 L'slly, Sunday Included, three months. 2.25 Iaily, Sunday included, one month . .75 rir.ily, without Sunday, one year . 7.80 rsily, without Sunday, three months. 1.95 Xaily, without Sunday, one month.... .65 How to Remit Send postofflce money orcer, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postofflce address tn full, including- county and state. Footage Rate 1 to 16 pages. 1 cent; 18 to 82 pages. 2 cents: 84 to 48 pages, 3 cents; 60 to 64 pages, 4 cents; 66 to &0 pages. 5 cents; 82 to 96 pages.- 6 cents. Foreign postage double rate. Eastern Business Office Verree & Conk- Jin. 300 Madison avenue. New York; Verree A: Conklin, Steger building, Chicago; Ver. n-e st Conklin. Free Press building. Da foil. Mich.; Verree & Conklin, Monadnock oui.aing, aan Francisco, Cat. consequences of the gexoa crisis The political explosion at the Genoa conference, -which was sum moned to consider questions strictly economic, -was after all to have been expected. It arose from an attempt to deal -with men who have cast aside the accepted code of honor among men and nations as though they -would be bound by that code. Since their military defeat the Ger mans have performed no treaty ob ligation they could violate or evade until they have been driven by force or threat of force. The bolshevist rulers of Russia have openly boasted that they would observe no agree merit which they found it convenient to break. In the face of a vast amount of evidence, Lloyd George Insisted on talking with these men face to face and on treating them as equals of those who hold their word sacred, on making agreements with them as though they would square acts with promises. He was en couraged to this experiment by his ability to reach understandings with men whose - principles were -dia metrically opposed to his own, whether they were hidebound tories. socialist labor leaders or Irish re publicans. He overlooked one fun damental difference, that these men could be trusted to do as they agreed to do, while the Germans and bolshevists could not. Though the other allies were won to his plan, France objected so strongly to meet ing the reds and Germans that it overthrew Briand. and Polncare con sented to French participation on the understanding that Russia first accept the conditions laid down in the call and that reparations and disarmament be not considered. How flagrant is the breach of faith of which Germany and Russia have been guilty may be judged by the fact that they separately and secretly agreed on the very questions which thirty-four nations had met to agree upon in common. The conference had named certain terms on which commercial relations, and ultimate diplomatic relations with Russia should be resumed by all of the other nations together. Russia had not accepted these conditions when the bolshevist delegates made their separate treaty with Germany. Its stipulations directly violate the Ver sailles treaty, for Germany renounces claims on Russia which it has pledged to the allies under the rep aration clauses. It gives Germany a preferred position that is contrary -to the whole spirit in which the con ference at Genoa was called. The exchange of reproaches that has followed, the demand that the treaty be annulled and the exclusion of Germany from the conference bode ill for its accomplishing any thing. Though a superficial com promise may be patched up, distrust ,of the two offending governments has been deepened and the belief is likely to prevail that, though they may outwardly cancel their treaty, they will secretly execute its terms. The reparation commission has given Germany till Way 31 to accept its demand for increased taxation and for financial control of German finances by Its representatives at Berlin. Germany scouts these de mands as an Infringement on its sov ereignty, and If it should remain contumacious, France may demand military compulsion. Great Britain and Italy are averse to military ac tion, and neither public opinion nor the-state of their finances would en courage theru to give such effect to their anger. France is so Incensed at delay In payment of reparations, at evasion of disarmament, at the farcical trials of war criminals and at its allies' tolerance of German breaches of the treaty of Versailles that It may undertake alone, to co erce Germany by further military occupation. So intense is the hatred between Germany and France that such ac tion might be the signal for renewal of the war. If only to avert that catastrophe. Great Britain and Italy niight join France in military meas ures, but their aim would be to re strain France rather than help it, so that there would be little real co operation. Germany is in no con dition to resist France alone even, but has abundance of trained men and of concealed arms with which a most harassing guerilla war could be carried on. The bolshevists would be apt to hamper the allies in every way possible" by fanning the flames of revolt in India, by stirring the Turkish nationalists to new activity, and might even attack Poland in hope of sending their armies across that country to join the Germans. All of JUoyd George's skill at ar ranging at least seeming compromise among the most irreconcilable ele rirro will be called into play in order to ward off these dire possi bilities of the situation which he has invited, but there is less prospect than ever of a meeting of minds be tween the German-Russian combi nation and the other nations. In the absaxice of clear, unquestionable suc cess, his great Genoa scheme would be held in Great Britain to ha'e faill, and his coalition cabinet couki hardly survive the stigma. A political crisis in that country would add to the general confusion in Eu rope, and Germany and Russia wouid not neglect to profit by it, , While the events of the last few days at Genoa have proved that Sec retary Hughes correctly described the purpose of tho conference as pri marily political, the statement that our officials betray no anxiety over them reveals strange blindness to their import as affecting American interests. The Russo-German treaty nearly affects our interests, for it would give Germany a preferred po sition in Russia as against us as well as other nations, though in his dis patch declining American participa tion in the Genoa conference Mr. Hughes declared for an open door to Russia as to China. Our treaty with Germany claims for us the benefit of the reparation clauses in the Ver sailles treaty, therefore we have an interest in German claims against Russia which Germany surrenders. It cannot be a matter of indiffer ence to us that the soviet attempts to hand over economic control of the vast Russian dominions to Germany and that Germany, in the fourth year after being reduced to apparent military impotence, should aspire to utilize Its capital, its trained brains and hands, in organizing Russia's great wealth and tamed millions to make a new bid for empire. While attempts are still made to employ economic power for the execution of vast political designs by the un scrupulous power which ruthlessly attacked us a few years ago, it is vain to pretend that we can deal with the economic affairs of Europe apart from the political, or that, the latter are no affair of ours. Thej became our affair in 1914, though we refused to recognize it till force compelled us, and they are still our affair. Unless the administration awakens to and acts upon that truth, the course 'of events will again com. pel us. SOME SOLACE. The poor confidence of The Ore gonian in the recall as a method of political action is not enhanced by its notice of the personnel of the com mittee which filed at Salem Tuesday the petitions f or, recall of the public utilities commission. Most recalls are bad: any recall is a doubtful ex pedient: this particular recall is grievously unfortunate in Its spon sorship. Weare soon to know, we are told, who are to be the candidates under the recall. Ve shall await devel opments with interest, not to say anxiety. So far we have heard sug gested the name of no candidate who should be elected to the commission: but we have heard of several who should by no means be elected. The recall is the resource and opportu nity of the self-seeker and the agi tator. In its just resentment against the present commission, the public is likely to act without deliberation, but in passion. There is an alter native. It is the proposed intiative bill to make the public utilities com mission appointive by the governor. The measure, we think, is likely to pass. It should pass. If it does, it will cut short the service of the present commission, if it shall not be recalled, or of the recallers, if they shall be elected. There is some solace in the situation. DEATH OF A NOTED SCIENTIST. The recent death in London of Sir Patrick Manson is a reminder of the brevity of the period within which most of the worthwhile discoveries of medical science have been made. He was among the first to suggest the hypothesis that the mosquito is an active agent in the propagation of malaria, thus setting In motion a train of investigations, to which American Scientists largely con tributed, which resulted in reducing the peril from that disease in the tropics and by a logical association of ideas in further experiments which similarly robbed yellow fever of its terrors. All this came to pass within the lifetime of persons who are living now. The connection between the work of Sir Patrick and the comple tion of the Panama canal is not re mote, since it was upon the basis of data obtained by Manson and elabor ated by his co-workers in the field that Major-General Gorgas was able to make the canal zone safe for workmen to live in. In its engineer ing phases the canal was always practicable; delay in its construction was due to conditions which required the services of the sanitarian and the parasitologist, rather than the engineer, to remedy. The history of tropical hygiene can be said to nave been written since Manson, who was 77 when he died, reached manhood, a period of about half a century. The work in which he was a pioneer, moreover, has borne fruit in the temperate zone and has been measurably effec tive in improving the standards of public health everywhere. IfOSE-PRrXTING CATTLE. Tender-hearted individuals who have always decried the practice of branding cattle, though they have never been able to suggest a substi tute method by which the range in dustry might be preserved against extinction at the hands of thieves, will be particularly interested in the discovery that a professor of animal husbandry at the University of Min nesota thinks that he has made. This is, in brief, that the nose of the bo vine animal is marked by certain corrugations which are constant for all ages and which always vary as between individuals. Designs which correspond to the arches, loops, com posites, whorls and papillae rows of modern Tinger printing are said by the professor to offer livestock own ers an Infallible means of identifying their own. So far as he has studied them they have never undergone change. He offers the discovery for what it may be worth to the industry in general. x It is, of course, a question of fact whether the lines of a cow's nose are. as the professor says, unchange able like those of the human finger, and this will be determined by a series of experiments, covering a period of years and a large number of cattle. Assuming that it is true, the method offers some undoubted advantages. The livestock business on the range has passed t)ie time when such crude devices as the frying pan brand and the gridiron were tolerated and brand registry has effected a good many reforms, yet brands are even now occasionally sophisticated and the ' nose print might serve as a check if it did not supersede the iron at first. It is with reference to the better grades of stock, however, that the new system is likely to be most promising. The brand is wasteful, if nothing else, of considerable quanti ties of hide and moreover it bars the animal from the show ring. Paint ia the case of the sheep offers some what the same objection and hoof marking lacks permanency. The live stock registry book of the future is likely to be a curious thing, resem bling an air map of a deserted bat tlefield or a bird's eye view of the devastation wrought by a forest fire. But the reported discovery is a reminder that almost every inven tion outgrows its original purpose. Sir Francis Gal ton, whose Interest In the subject of finger prints seems to have been the product of his studies ot variation of types of human, be ings, can hardly have foreseen the uses to which his finger-print system would be put. Least of all is he likely to have a glimpse of the day, which some scientists predict is not far distant, when it will supersede the "written signature in all cases where the identity of the signer needs to be preserved. FOREST FIRE PREVENTION. Notwithstanding a certain feeling of boresomeness which any "week is likely to inspire in us because of the indiscriminate growth of the custom, there are reasons why a "forest protection week" may appeal to the imaginations of people of the west. The forestry service has made an excellent showing for its cam paign of education in the past, and while it cannot point to fire statis tics of last year and on the face of them show that the occurrence of fires in forests has been reduced, it is. nevertheless able to plead many mitigating circumstances and to ex hibit a number of encouraging signs. The season of 1921 was unusually dry and hot and there were unusual numbers of visitors to the moun tains. Tourists were exceptionally numerous in the forest reserves and the national parks and camping out was indulged in to a larger extent perhaps than ever before In the his tory of the country. The recent rite of the profession of nature guide has operated both as a stimulant to out door adventure and an educator of campers. A greatly increased num. ber of tourists might have been ex pected to result in a somewhat lar ger number of fires, which was pre. cisely what came to pass; but on the other hand the forest service Is able to report that "never before were. so many fires extinguished by peo pie entirely outside the forest serv ice organization. Moreover on a certain well-traveled road, where the efforts of the service to inform vis itors concerning their responsibili ties had a particularly good oppor tunity to bear fruit, it is noted that only six campfirea were left unex tinguished, by comparison with 112 in 1919.' This was despite a much heavier travel in 1921. It is plain that fire prevention efforts have not been wholly unrewarded, although much remains to be done. So far as fires have been the re sult of ignorance or pure careless ness, there is a definite prospect that Improvement will .. be shown. The orderly camper is much more common than he was a few years ago, not because of harsh enforce ment of regulations and imposition of penalties so much as because of guidance and education. The forest service indulges in no fatuous, hope, however, that forest fires ever will become a thing of the past. We had them before the country was inhab ited and they will continue so long as wood burns. Lightning, which no man can prevent, still causes relatively heavy losses. But even here campers have helped to reduce destruction by putting out fires in their incipiency and by prompt noti fication of the authorities. A FLOOD OF OBJECTIONS. Notwithstanding the opinion of the international commission on the Lakes-St. Lawrence waterway that it is practicable from an engineering standpoint and would result in great saving of freight from the states and Canadian provinces bordering on the great lakes, a storm of opposition has arisen, chiefly from New York state. Fear that traffic would be taken from its barge canal and from its port and that its elevators would be rendered useless seems to be the motive. One objection is that the water way would be in a foreign country. Most of the St. Lawrence waterway would be in Canada, but part of it forms the boundary between that country and New York, therefore is international, as is. the entire route through the great lakes. Other countries use waterways passing through foreign territory for ex ample, the Rhine passes through Switzerland. Germany, "France and Holland, the Scheldt through Bel-' gium and Holland, the Elbe through Czecho-SIovakia and Germany, the Danube through a string of coun tries why should not the United States use an international water way If we find it to our advantage? We should develop waterpower in a foreign country, it is objected. Two of the four dams would be entirely In Canada, but two would be in, the international section of that river, therefore the United States would have a half interest in the power de veloped at the latter two. As we should share the cost of developing power at the two Canadian canals, we should have a right to a share of that power also. The route would be open only three months of the year, it is said, though it is known to be open for seven of each twelve months. Ocean vessels would not make the extra voyage 1600 miles inland, say the objectors. On the contrary, they go anywhere they can float and get cargo. "Ocean liners are not-adapted for canal work," says one critic. The St. Lawrence canals would be adap ted for ocean liners, as was the Panama canal, and the liners do not hesitate to use it. Some parts of the great lakes are only deep enough for vessels of 19 feet draft,- and special types of ves sels are built for them that are not adapted for ocean navigation. If the economy to be effected would justify expenditures on Canals, dams and locks, it would also justify dredging the lake channels to a depth of thirty feet. Those who are familiar with what has been done at Panama. Suez, Manchester, Kiel and In the Columbia, river will not be dismayed at the cost of dredging the shallow' parts of the lake channel, already nineteen feet deep, to a further depth of eleven feet. The lower St. Lawrence is infested with heavy fogs; so are the grand banks on the main steamship route across the Atlantic. There are a seven-mile current and 23-foot tides at Quebec; there are high tides and swift currents in other waters which shins habitually navigate. Ihougb elevators fct Buffalo and Montreal and the New York barge canal would lose business, that is no valid reason for not making a great improvement. We did not refuse to build railroads lest stage coaches and roadside inns be put out of busi ness. Canals had been constructed by the eastern states at a cost of millions of dollars, but they, were put out of business without compunction. There would be economy in send ing ships from the Atlantic ocean, through the waterway and up the lakes, because the freight cost would be far lower than by rail or barge, and because cargo would not need transfer from lake to ocean vessel, or from car or barge. - The electric power developett would bring enough revenue to pay a large por tion of . the Interest on cost of the Lwaterway and would stimulate manufactures, which would mass traffic for the waterway. ' The railroads have not the ca pacity to haul all the traffic under normal conditions, and the best that can be hoped is that In the next five years they will be equipped to handle the present volume. That would leave no provision for the annual In crease. The proposed waterway would avoid congestion during the early, most active part of each crop season. That would avoid congestion, and the lower freight rate would ba added to the farmer's price. FIND A HOBBY. Tie president of the Rockefeller Foundation is probably right in say ing that one trouble with the Ameri can business man is that- he takes himself too seriously. Dr. Vincent suggests that the sense of humor might be cultivated to advantage. The sense of humor is defined aptly enough by one authority as a sense or proportion, ine tnings fr6m which we extract amusement are those which we are able to laugh at because we appraise them as be ing comparatively trivial, as a good many are over which we waste too much gray matter. "No laughing matter" is not by accident a common phrase. It is applied, however, to a lot of things that are worth at least a smllei- Having developed the sense of humor, the now weary business man will not Infallibly be- a clown. He will be able to see, for illustration, the futility of living' in a treadmill He will not necessarily immure him self in a library of joke books when he closes his rolltop desk. He may go in for golf. Or radio. Or phi lately, although this puts something of a strain on our idea of the sense of proportion. But whatever he does, it will not be work exclusively. It will be all the better if a hobby so takes possession of him that It stimulates him to cut out some un necessary business trivialities, make his letters shorter, and put more re sponsibility on his subordinates, who are just aching to develop a sense of proportion of their own. It is a subject peculiarly nt lor consideration now that spring is here or now that it is due, anyway. There is a long season ahead that is going to offer plenty of opportuni ties for diversion: the call of the garden as a matter of fact should be sufficient for the moment. The thing to do is to get a hobby, prefer ably an out-of-door one, started while the season Is young. It will help make the year seem shorter and no really worthwhile task will suffer n that account. t University of Oregon investigators have discovered fossils of a prehis toric clam in southern Oregon. Now if somebody will dig up the fossil of the prehistoric mossback, the state's reputation will be fixed for life. MacMonnies' statue of Civic Virtue is to go up in New York's city hall park, as a perpetual reminder, per haps, that Virtue triumphant is an ideal to be striven for if not to be instantly attained. College coaches are to have the rank nf members of the faculty in some institutions of higher learning, thus validating the title of "profes sor" that so many athletic instruc tors already wear. But why all this sympathy for the McCormick family because their daughter is to marry a Swiss riding master? The chances are the family is happy that she didn't pick out a chauffeur. Seattle's debt Is $6l;000,000, in cluding that of the municipal street railway lines. New-comers to town are likely to find themselves put on the pay-as-you-enter plan. When the insidious narcotic devil gets Into a family, tlen and not until then will some families interest themselves in suppression. Then, too, is the price heavy. With 98,000 registered in Mult nomah and 98 per cent of them r'arin'" to vote, the man who thinks himself popular has some guessing to do. The proposition to establish men tal testing stations for applicants for jobs may with propriety wait until there are more jobs to test men for. If those in doubt when encounter ing automobiles will stand still, drivers will know what to do and percentage of accidents be. lessened. The prehistoric clam has been dis covered in southern Oregon. Being long dead, his opinion on tax reduc tion cannot be obtained. The Hip Sing tong and the Bing Kung tong are at it again, bing bang bong! But Astoria is the location this time. Jail and fine, not one but both, is the-answer to the masher who in fests motion picture theaters. Begins to look as if the joke , is all on Fatty. He may actually have to go to work for a living now. Ever think what Paul Revere could have done with gas on that memorable ride? The fund for the base of the Roosevelt statue is not going a-begging here. With Landis in ball and Hays in movies, things do get ripped up the back. Mr. Cox Is deploring some more, two years ahead of time. Fatty Arbuckle apparently hasn't had the last laugh yet. "And then it rained.' Stars and Starmakers. By Leone Cass Baer. Among the celebrities who sailed a few days ago from New York on the Aquitania, bound for Cherbourg and Southampton was Madame Alma Gluck Zimbalist. The famous singer came to the ship wth her two little children, Efram Zimbalist Jr., 3 years old. end Maria Virgina, 8, but the children did not sail. A host of the singer's friends, also appeared and filled her stateroom with flowers. She explained that Mr. Zimbalist was in mid-Pacific on his way -to Japan and China to make his debut In the Island empire, and In the mainland republic. Mme. Gluck will meet the father and mother of her husband, Mr. and Mrs. Aaron Zimbalist, who, with their four children, are in Con stantinople, having escaped from Russia. Mme. Gluck is first going to spend a week in Spain after her arrival in France, and then will jour ney to Leipzig, Germany, where the Zimbalists will meet her for the first time. On the same steamer was David Ward Griffith, who sailed to visit the large cities of Europe and to see that his films, "Orphans of the Storm" and " 'Way Down East," are presented to the public over there as well as they are here. - When asked if he would look into the German film menace, he declared there was no film menace. - Ben Erway, one of the worst Juvenile actors in the world, who played in the Alcazar stock here for a few weeks, is now with the Alcazar in San Francisco, and announcement has been made of his engagement to Gladys George, who is playing leads with the same company. Every time Jack Dempsey speaks to a girl someone rushes into print with a rumor of his engagement. Now a New York theatrical paper says that a report has been current along Broadway for several weeks that Dempsey is engaged to marry one of the Dolly sisters. When Yancsi announced that she was about to" sail for England, Dempsey's an nouncement that he was sailing fol lowed shortly. Since then he has seemed to divide his attentions be tween the two sisters, and after Yancsi's sailing was postponed he was frequently seen with both. Tuesday he sailed on the Aquitania with the two sisters. . One of tha girls Iras been reported about to marry a millionaire British nobleman. When asked which one of the girls he wanted to marry, Dempsey, smilingly, sa'd: "Either one." A balcony of laughing schoolgirls and their escorts encountered an ef fective "master-at-arms" in the per son of Walter Hampden during his performance of "Romeo and Juliet" at the Mason Opera house in Los Angeles recently. The curtain was rung down at the direction of Hamp den during the bridal chamber scene, when various sections of the aud1ence interrupted In loud guffaws, and a number of the students upstairs called across the building to friends. When quiet came Hampden stepped from behind the curtain and deliv ered a short speech, in which he criticised the conduct of the young folk, and said he didn't want the audience's money but their attention A round of applause greeted the actor. Then Hampden reopened the play 'and did the first act over. Hampden is coming to the Heillg in repertoire in a fortnight. Robert Edeson and Hilda Spong are to co-star in a new play called "On the Stairs." Others in the cast are Fuller Mellish, Effington Pinto, Lu cille La Verne and Beatrice Hendrick- son. Leo Carrillo will shortly return to vaudeville with a condensed version of "Lombardi Ltd.," the Morosco pro duction which elevated the character ist of stardom. ' I Carolina White, the American singer, has just been freed from her Italian husband, Paul Longone. He is secretary to Titlo Ruffo, the bari tone. The divorce was granted to Longone- last week on the .grounds of desertion. The first testimony in the case was heard a year ago. The judge declined at that .time to grant a decree until Longone should make every possible effort to effect a rec onciliation with his wife. Upon the report, of Longone's attorney that efforts to persuade the wife to re turn ' to the husband had failed the decree was entered. Mrs. Longone is reported to be doing picture workat Turin, Itary. Alice Brady has taken a five-week engagement in vaudeville in a sketch. Anna Held's belongings, auctioned off a few weeks ago in Paris, brought disappointingly small returns." Fol lowing necessary deductions, the balance, in accordance with the will, goes to her daughter, Anna Held Jr, now in vaudevile in America. Real estate situated throughout the western states of America and belonging to the Held estate was sold about six months ago. Mabel Rowland, sister of the fair Adele, and a sister also of Helen Rowland, the author, has taken up the task of compiling a volume en titled "The Life- and Letters of Bert Williams," and the book will be ready for publication in the early autumn. There is a preface by David Belasco and the chapters bearing on the play er's childhood and home life are being written in collaboration with the widow, Mrs. Lottie Williams, and his mother. , One of the last acts of Bert Will iams' life was the recording of his song, "Not Lately," on a phonograph record, which will be offered in re lease shortly. Williams was in his last mortal illness when he got up from bed to record the number at the earnest solicitation of the maker. He was advised by his physicians not to un dertake the exertion, but put their counsel aside. Lou Tellegen Is going into vaude ville, using the first act of "Blind Youth" as his vehicle. ' Jack Barrymore has gone to the Bahamas for a vacation. - A benefit is being arranged for Rose Coghlan under the auspices of the Producing Managers' association. Those Who Come and Go. Talea of Folks at the Hotels. He is better than six feet, long! tudinally. Is "Dry Wash" Wilson, prospector and successful miner. "Dry Wash" is a character among mining men of the west, and he Is known personally or by reputation in most of the camps of - the coast. "Dry Wash" received his nickname from his method of getting out gold. He dry washed it, using a mechanical fan or some such thing. It must be a pretty good system, at that, for "Dry Wash" has cleaned up a fortune more than once. On the register of the Imperial he signs his name as Thomas Wilson, and his latest address is Tonopah, Nev., although he has been mining near Round mountain. SO miles nortn of that place. It was "Dry Wash" who discovered the tiig gold vein which has made the Boswell mine, near Grants Pass, one of the biggest strikes of a decade. "Dry Wash" hit the chimney of ore and was doing fine when the adjoining property 'was bought from the state, and in the liti gation which followed Wilson did not get the land on which the richest part of the ore was located. He is now interested, however, in the East Bos well, which is ground adjoining the Boswell property. Handling rich ore is not uncommon to "Dry Wash." In one place he secured a three months' lease on a mine and tooK out $50,000. In this enterprise he took out 24 ounces of gold in the first four hours. Mr. Wilson declares that southern Oregon, as a mining proposition, has not been touched yet The heavy timber and the undergrowth make prospecting difficult, however, whereas in Nevada the ground can be plainly seen, as It is bare. "The feminist movement has made inroads on the sheep, and the young ewes are regular flappers," observed W. B. Barratt, sheepman of Morrow county and member of the highway commission. Mr. Barratt, who has been busy lambing, arrived In Port land yesterday to consider the award ing of ab-jut $800,000 worth of road jobs. "The sheep business doesn't look very good just now," said Mr. Barratt. "The lambing on the range is only about 60 per cent, which is very low. The reason, probably, is the long cold winter, which has affected the animals. The old ewes are all right, but the young ewes refuse to accept their lambs; they decline to shoulder any maternal responsibility and run away from the little things. The consequence is that when tho lambs have been neglected the first two days by their mothers they die. and the range is covered with dead lambkins, victims of maternal Indif ference and neglect. I suspect that the modernist ideas have hit the sheep range." The demand for radio sets through out the United States is increasing by leaps and bounds, according to E. M. Miller, representing the Western Elec tric company of Chicago, who is reg istered at the Multnomah. "People have taken up the radio fad with zest," says he. "and in some cities it has become a craze. Many of the amateurs have great fun listening in and hearing what is being sent by the larger stations, and frequently hear concerts from great distances. Recently our company made a test and sent wireless messages from New York across the continent, which were heard 1000 miles west of the Pacific coast." After Mr. Miller has been in Portland a few days he will discover that Portland is radio mad and that the broadcasting stations here have given regular concerts for some time past. Siskiyou is the spot-on the map in the mountains of that name, near the California line. The Siskiyou moun tain is where the Southern Pacifio trains puff and blow and make more noise than a porpoise and double back and forth trying to make the .grade. Just a pistol shot from the railroad is the Pacific highway, all hard surfaced, and any kind of car except those of the cheapest sort can make the Siskiyou grade on high, J. T. Logan is registered at the Im perial from Siskiyou, Or. "While it rarely snows In Curry county," says N. H. Larson of Port Orford, "still we had half an inch for a little while this winter. We seldom have frost, either, but we had it this winter, and once the temperature went down to 21 above zero, the coldest that has ever been known in the country. "Mr. Larson is in town to see the state highway commis sioners regarding some road work on the Roosevelt ntgnway in nis country. The particular section which is being advocated is near Sixes. Among his bther accomplishments, Harry W. Gard of Madras is a demo crat. Mr. Gard, who is registered at the Hotel Oregon, is a candidate for reujesentative in the legislature for the Joint district comprising jerier- son, Deschutes, Crook, Klamath and Lake counties. All of those counties are interested in irrigation, and so is Mr. Gard, who has been specialising on the north unit for several years. Bill Johnston of The Dalles, one of the most enthusiastic fezzers among the Shriners, passed through Portland yesterday on his way to the vviuam ette vallev to sell agricultural imple menu. Mr. Johnston is one of the various republican candidates for the legislature in Wasco county. Judge Fowler and Sherman Wade, commissioner of Gilliam county, are in the city to meet with the highway commission regarding the proposed location of the Oregon - Washington highway from Rhea's siding to a point .near Arlington on tne jonn uj ms" way. J. K. Weatherford. for many years president of the board of regents of the Oregon Agricultural college, was a Portland visitor yesterday, rie is a resident of Albany. Charles A. Burggraf, registered at the Hotel Oregon from Albany, is an architect and is on his way to the state of Washington with some school house plans. Fred Forkmiller of Albany was in the city yesterday. He is in the un dertaking business. J. w. Maloney, president of the In land Empire bank of Pendleton, is in Portland on financial affairs. Charles A. Park of Salem, member of the state board of horticulture, is In the city. FIGHT WHERE YOU ABE. There is ever a conflict on, my friend, In which you are free to engage; There is ever a cause for you to de fend. And ever a play you may stage: There is ever a place for you to fit in, A chance your valor to test; A strife in which you are sure to win. If you always will do your best. You need not sigh for the wings of a dove. There's a wondrous chance where you are To bear the fruits of the spirit of love. And they always sell above par: For the world needs ever your cheer ful song. . And your deeds of kindness and wortM As her nights of pain and grier are so long, She always has need of your mirth. F, W, PARKER, I Burroughs Nature Club. Copyrlskt. Hosgklea-MlHlls Co. Can Yes Answer These Questions f 1. What do daddy-longlegs feed on? 2. What is the bright gold-colored blight on the enclosed specimen of blackberry leaf. - 3. How do gulls manage about get ting food by following vessels dar ing the nesting season? And do they cross all the way with one ehlp. or go part way with one, and then pick up another to return with? Answers in tomorrow's nature notes. Answers to Prevloms Questions. 1. Is amber any use except for or nament and pipe ends? To some extent, yes. In earlier times it was dissolved and used In making varnish of high class, such as Was used to finish violins. Artists also used it In preparing their oils. It can be dissolved by heat and by some chemicals.) At present time amber is burned as Incense by Ori entals, and gives out a fragrant odor. 2. Can a bird "stand still" in the air? Not really still, though it may ap pear so from below; unless you count as standing . still its buffeting a strong cross current of air. When It seems to stand still it is usually real ly splraling, moving now up and now down, but thus keeping approxi mately to the same spot. In a sense a bird that is hovering may be thought to stand still, but really to perform that feat, it must use its wings hard and rapidly. s m 3. Why are the hard lumps In coal called clinkers? The name comes from a Dutch word, klinker. used for a brick (of Dutch make) eo hard that It gives out a "clink"1 when struck as stone does. Certain kinds of coal are full of impurities non-combustible ele ments which refuse to burn, but run together or are fused when the rest of the coal is consumed. We don't know who first applied the name of the brick to this element in coal probably It began purely as a local way of describing the hard lumps, and gradually got adopted to describe them. SURVIVORS OF FAMOUS CHARGE Iowa Veteran Mistaken as to Number Slain at Balaclava. PORTLAND, April 19. (To the Ed itor.) In The Oregonlan of April 16 appeared an article written from Cedar Rapids, la., alleging that one Ellis Cutting of that place, aged 85 years, claimed to be the only survivor of that celebrated "Light Brigade" immortalized by Tennyson: Half a lessue, half a league, half a leacue onward. Into the Jaws of death rode the six hun dred. Mr. Cutting also claims that only six returned from that wild ride. I quote: "When we came back, a few stragglers . . . there were not many of us. Some histories say that 13 returned from that fatal mistake in the Crimea, some say 11. Some place the number as high as one-third of the total number. But Ellis Cut ting says there were only six. He was one. Lord Cardigan was an other." N Mr. Cutting must be mistaken as to the number who were lost in that awful charge, for Cheney in his "Short History of England," page 647, gives the loss of the Light Brigade in the battle of Balaclava, or Balaklava as it is sometimes spelled, as 247 out of a total of 673. (In all probability this number of 247 were the killed and missing only.) . Guizot in his "History of England." volume III, page 205, gives the Light Brigade as composed of the 13th Light Dragoons, the 17th Lancers, the 11th Huzzars, the 4th Light Dragoons and the 8th Huzzars. This was probably their arrangement in line or in col umn. The total number at the battle was 673, of which "195 mounted men remained and returned." as the state ment reads. The probability is that these figures do not include the wounded and those dismounted during the charge. Kinglake, vol. II, page 678, gives the same total of "mounted" men who returned, for his record shows. as fol lows: Before the charge, 673, of which "195 mustered after the return as mounted strength." He further states that there were many wounded and some unwounded who had lost their horses. Thus the total of 426 who remained alive after the fight, as given by Cheney, is probably correct. Cutting, the aged veteran, probably referg to his own company or troop when he says "there were only six." But think how small the troop was when the whole brigade of five regi ments numbered only 673, an average of only 135 to a regiment, whereas a cavalry troop of the - United States regular army numbers 100 enlisted strength, each regiment having a minimum strength of over 1500 COLONEL W. H. C. BOWEN, U. 8. A., Retired. DID FORD FORGET THE IVOHE.l Housewife, Who Works Full Time, and Then Some, Overlooked. La Grande Observer. Henry Ford has adopted five days' work a week for every man in his factory and has stated that five days is all any man should work each week. Fine. Henry, fine, but how about the women? Every housewife works full time. and then some. She works every day In the week, Sunday included. When the man of the house is laying off his two days his wife is continually at work. Her husband decides to fish the two holidays; he arises in the morning and worries the life out of his wife collecting his outfit to gether. Finally he is pone and then the children begin to call on mother for this and that. The housework Is to do, the dishes are to wash, the telephone is to answer, and by the time the shades of night lengthen Into darkness the wife closes the day tired woman. There is no respite for the woman in the home. Our old friend Henry has another reform to inaugurate. If he is going to cut the labor of man down so that he can run and kick up his heels for a couple of days care-free, he should also find some way to let the women of the country off for a holiday. Mr. Ford has great ideas and has the money to execute them, but with all that he Is visionary as a professor In a college and as wild in some of his dreams as a March hare. Cut down the work, of course, why not? Turn the country into a scries of holidays tine. But how about the generations to come? They will want the revelry and hilarity to be a dally occurrence; they will want to cut out another day or -two each week. Like the Romans of old. they will want the big show to be perpetual, or like the Mexicans to the south of us. they will want every other day to become a holiday. If this is to be, the Observer re peats that the women should be In cluded, and all frolic together with no thoueht of future, no thought of stability, no thought of responsibility. but all join in having one fine time a continual round of pleasure, Henry, yes, a continual round of pleasure, , More Truth Than Poetry. Br James J. Mnllin. SO SKILL SEKDED, When Bobby Brown was ten yean old. He said he meant, some time. To be a burglar bad and bold And lead a life of crime. And so he learned to climb a porch. To lift a window sash And use a small electric torch In searching rooms for cash. But when to manhood Bobby grsw, And burgling he essayed. He found that he but ltttle knew About his chosen trade. Detectives always seamed to lurk Upon the youngster's trail. And often caught him at his work And sent him off to jail. Discouraged, but ambltlou still. He went from town to town To gain the necessary skill For criminal renown. And yet he bungled every Job, However hard he tried. Until, with a despairing sob. The hope within htm died. His heart bowed down with blttsr shame. His soul in dire distress, To old New York one day he came And lo! he found success. You now may hear his motor hum Along the thoroughfare. For any crook, however dumb, Can make a fortune there. Foolish Extravagance. Probably Mr. Dawes has discovered that altogether too many bills are coming in from the bureau of prim ing and engraving. Quirk Work. A new lake was formed by a water spout in a western state the other day and the local congressman Is pre paring a bill providing for making it navigable. . An Easy Jos. There weren't r.ny salacious, dram. is In the early days, so Hercules was put to work cleaning the Augean stables. In Other Days. Twenty-five Vesm Aaro. From The Oresonlan of April 90. 1WT. London. The Turks and thsQreeks rested yesterday from their fierce fighting for the three previous days and there Is little change In the line of the front. F. I. Copeland, a noted forger, was shot by Detective Holsapple last night when he attempted to escape arrest. Police have searched three years for Copeland. Mining interests are stirred up in this city and in Vancouver over dis coveries made of both placer and quartz on the Lewis river. Washington. The senate parsed the Indian appropriation bill yester day. Fifty Years Asts. From The Oreronian of April '20. 1S7-. London. Bismarck's ultimatum at Theirs demands reduction of the French army to 225.000 men and threatens the establishment of a Ger man government for France in case of refusal to comply. The Base Line road beyond the In tersection of Twelfth and J streets, in east Portland, Is being planked. Agitation is being started against the street lamp lighters because thev do not get the lamps lighted until long after dark. "Under the Gas Light" will be of fered this afternoon and tonight at the Oro Flno theater. EVOLITIOV IS tiOD'S PRO( KN Theory Is Established and Vol to Rr Overturned hy Sarcasm. PORTLAND, April 19. (To the Editor ) The theory of evolution has so far advanced in the favor of think, lng people that It can be no longer answered by sarcasm, or set aside by a sneer. Yet writers and speakers, from W. J. Bryan down (or up). In opposing this theory, depend very largely upon sarcasm and ridicule for their arguments, and almost Invari ably quote some discarded theories and buffet them about as though they were the whole thing. It is no longer taught by evolution ists that man descended from the ape, and there Is no longer search for the "missing link" of Darwinian notoriety. In the opinion of lato writers on this subject, man and tho ape may possibly, or even probably, have come from the same family stock, but In no sense Is the ape an cestral to man. .Relieving our minds from this buga boo, turn to the theory Itself. Involu tion Is defined to mean "changes produced in organic matter by nat ural laws implanted by Intelligent design." Scientists set themselves to dis cover, if possible, the origin of life upon the earth. TJiey. followed up every clew, sought out every avail able means of information, searched back along the shores of time and of the life stream until they found a substance beyond which they rouM not go. This thing was beyond the reach of their analysis. It was "en dowed with all the qualities of tin highest animal or plant, movement.' growth, irritability; was capable of reproducing itself, and thus had a continuous existence from the be ginning of life on the earth, and will continue so long as life endures." ' They named this siintam-e. "I'rolo. plasm!" That naming Is Bienif l an'. They formed the word from the Jre I; words protoa. meanina first, avd plasmos formed the thing that wan first formed. They toll us II '' formed; that so far as negative proof can go. It was not self-created, all efforts to produce lire bv apontHiie ous generation havinfc failed. Tnev had no answer to the question. Ho came it into rxlsfncc? Erasmus Darwin, pranrlfal her of Charles Imrwin. In a similar contin gency wrote: Mere wt- iir i'i"in for faith." So here our faith may say fiod formed this protoplasm. Evolution is God's process In crea tion. Opposed lo the evolutionary flieorv Is that of special creations and It corollary, fixity aperies. Both theories acknowledge Ood as creator of all thinss, and the only question Is which theory offer the heal solu tion for the multitude of problem arising in the study of nature. ir one thing, however, we may be sured. that ia thai Oofl'e truths are eternal truths and will never confllrt. Hl revelations through his word and his revelations throug-h his works will always aitree. If for a time they seem to conflict. It because we fail to read them aright. The evolutionary theory acre.- with tha general course of nature All events in sreoloiry, as In physics and astronomy, are due to the opera tion of natural laws now In opera tion, so we may reasonably suppose that the production of all species of plants and animals frnm original sim ple forms has been the result of tint Ural laws. J. W. CAMI'BKLU