THE MORNING pREGONIAN, TUESDAY, APRIIi 4, 1923
i rABI.I8HKI BY HKNRY 1- PITTOCK.
bllshed by Tha Oregonian Publishing Co.
135 Sixth Street, Portland. Oregon.
MOKDEN, K. B. PIPER.
Manaser. Editor.
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H1R8H.U. JOFTHJS.
- Portland welcomes Marshal Joffra
-because, both as a man and as a sol-
filer, ho inspires love and admlra-
ZTtion. It pays tribute to him as
11 Frenchman because he personifies
that militant, confident, defiant
spirit -which Inspired France to meet
and hurl back the invader. , As the
II tremendous events in which he was
ZTthe chief actor retire farther into
"time's perspective, we realize more
fully that his military genius, his de-
- votion, the firmness in retreat and
the fire and persistence in attack
.."1. which he instilled into his army
saved the world from despotic 'rule.
When "the day" arrived Jn 1914
the only power that could stop the
-onrush of the Germans was the
. i French army, for the huge army of
-c.. Russia was not yet ready and the
,.; forces which Great Britain and Bel
gium could then put in tne field
-. were insignificant. France did not
flinch. In harmony with French
traditions, Joffre took the offensive
- at the outset and made his main at
,.tack in Lorraine. Having had four
.,, days start in mobilization, Germany
... drove the French army across the
frontier. .Joffre had weakened his
- - army at that point to send forces to
. Charleroi to support the Belgians and
to link tip his line with the British,
, and with a view of making his print
cipal effort in the Aorth. On August
21 he attacked again, both in the
center near Nancy and on the left.
Lanrezac permitted the Germans to
cross the Sambre and fell back, ex
posing the flank of the British and
compelling- them to retreat in order
to escape encirclement by the far
superior enemy. Serious reverses
befell the French in the center on
-August 82 and this, followed by de
feat at Mons and Charleroi on the
22nd and 23rd wrecked the whole
-plan. Joffre in his official review of
the campaign thus stated the1 situ
ation on August 24:
Either our frontier had to be defended
"on the spot under conditions whfch the
British retreat rendered extremely peril--ous
or we had to execute a strategic re
tirement which, while delivering up to
the enemy a part of the national soil,
would permit us on the other hand to
-resume the offensive at our own time with
a favolrable disposition of troops, still In
"t.act, which we had at our command.' The
' rer.eral-in-cbif'f determined on the second
alternative.
That was one of the most momen
tous decisions that iy man was ever
called upon to make, and only a man
. of strong character, confident not
only in himself but in his army and
the nation behind that army, could
have made it. Holding the Germans
firmly from Verdun through Lor
raine and along the Vosges, he
swung his great army from north to
south on that pivot. He thus aban
doned the richest industrial district
and the Champagne wine country to
the exultant Germans, who marked
their advance by many acts of ter-
rorism. It was a fighting retreat,
for both French and British fre
quently turned on the pursuing Ger
mans and by severe punishment
compelled them to keep their dis
tance. But for two terrible weeks
the nations; both allied and neutral,
watched in agonized suspense and,
fearing that Paris would again fali
into the hands of Germany, saw with
consternation the French govern
ment flee to Bordeaux.
The German plan was to' send Von
Kluck's army on the right around
. the allied left, cutting it off from
Paris, to smash through the barrier
which the French had formed on the
Grand Couronne of Nancy and pour
through in the French rear, cuttipg
them off from supplies and rein-
forcements, and to tear a gap in the
French center in Champagne, reach
the rear of both broken wings, en
velop them and force their capitula
tion. If that plan had succeeded,
the French army would have ceased
to exist, the kaiser would have made
good his boast that he would eat
dinner in Paris six weeks after the
war began, and no Vower would
have remained capable of withstand
ing the might of the central empires
A terrific onslaught by the Ger-
- mans on the Grand Couronne con
tinued from August 28 to September
6 and ended in their utter rout. Thus
one part of their plan failed. On
September 4 Joffre ordered Mau
noury"s army to attack Von Kluck's
flank, the famous taxicab army
from Paris joined it, and Von Kluck,
in place of outflanking the allies,
found himself in danger of being
outflanked. Joffre had already
stopped the retreat at the limit he
had. set en the 1st and he issued on
the evening of the 6th this memor
able order for what has been called
the greatest battle in history:
The hour has come to advance at all
costs and to die where you stand rather
than give way.
Von Kluck began to retreat, fol.
. lowed up by the allies, and the Ger
Eiu' armies on his left drew back
also in line- with him and under
heavy attack, but the German center
continued to advance till the 9th,
hammering Foch back, but, spying
- a gap, he drove a wedge through it,
routed his opponents and made the
retreat general. The Marne was
won, and democracy was saved.
Those .words "die where you stand
. rather than give way" were acted
upon by the Belgians on the Yser
and by the British and French
around Tpres, for they blocked the
German road to the channel with
their bodies.
Again at Verdun, Joffre made the
resolve and the plan and sounded
the battle cry by which victory was
won and the cause of freedom saved.
Verdun is described by Gabriel Han
otaux as "the tooth piercing the live
Mlesh of the foe," for "without Ver
dun the German army advancing on
Paris could have no free communi
cation! with Germany." Therefore tha
Germans on February 21, 1916, be
gan the battle which raged with
scarcely any intermission for six
months. Joffre ordered Petain to
"hold the right bank of the Meuse,
north of Verdun," and added this
stern warning:
Any commander who gives an" order to
retreat win be courtmartiaied.
The response of the poilu waa
"They shall not pass," and at the
cost of hundreds ot thousands of
lives Verdun was held. Before the
year ended the French had regained
the greater part of the ground that
they had lost. On August 3, while
the battle was still on, Joffre thus
announced what French steadfast'
ness had accomplished:
The great sacrifices which France has
supported at Verdun nave given our allies
time to buna up tneir resources, nave
enabled us to mature our plana and carry
them out with perfect appreciation of (he
lecesslties ox all rronts.
The five months resistance of the Freuca
troops at Verdun has shattered the plans
of the uerman start and Drougnt us rouna
the corner heading for victory.
The Marne and Verdun were
fought both to save France and to
gain time for the allies to gather
their forces. They also gained time
for the United States to form its
resolution and to throw its weight
into the scale to win the final vic
tory. It is not pleasant to con tern
plate what we might have con
fronted if Joffre and his soldiers had
not won those battles.
NOT VET ALARMING.
Possibly the Polk County Ob
server does not feel so pessimistic as
is indicated by its prediction that the
initiative will be put to its severest
test this year. But It is a morose
prophecy, The initiative has gone
through some pretty severe tests, if
by severe tests one means the quan
tity and quality of legislation pre
sented to the electorate in one elec
tion. It is difficult to conceive of
anything seveier in the way of tests
than that of 1912.
In that year Oregon voters passed
on thirty-seven measures fourteen
constitutional amendments and
twenty-three billa One of the
amendments proposed almost a new
constitution in itself and covered so
many changes that not more than
half of them could be mentioned in
the legal word limit permitted for
ballot titles. There was 6ingle tax,
not like we have it now in every
election from a feeble group of im
practical zealots, but a real cam
paign backed by many thousands of
dollars from the Fels fund and re
inforced by imported speakers and
propagandists.
In that year the voters also passed
on woman suffrage, capital punish
ment, prohibition of boycotts, regu
lation of public utilities, blue sky
legislation, the principle of the in
come tax, revision of inheritance
taxes, establishment of statutory
railroad rates, a half-dozen road-
building schemes and a variety of
less important miscellaneous meas
ures. Widespread use of the initiative
and referendum reached its peak in
1912. Since then the biennial sub
missions have decreased to as low a
number as seven. Numerous meas
ures, it is true, are in prospeci this
year, single tax is promised again,
another experiment in limiting in
terest is proposed, the hotel men in
tend to initiate a measure to change
the public service commission from
the elective to the appointive form
and another . measure restoring old
telephone rates pending investiga
tion by the new commission, and
there are some other measures per
taining to repeal of millage taxes I
and other curtailment of taxation in
the hazy background. But. an elec
torate which passed on thirty-two
measures in 1910, thirty-seven in
1912 and twenty-nine in 1914 with
out developing a chronic headache
may be expected to survive all that
is in prospect for 1922.
AN EDUCATIONAL, BORDERLAND.
Gradually, but with a good deal of
certainty, the dividing line between
the college of liberal arts and the vo
cational school is breaking down.
We shall offer no pessimistic com
ment, unless it shall transpire that
n teaching the young how to make a
living we are too palpably neglecting
to instruct him how to live. There is
a distinction between the two that
we would ever bear in mind and
yet it ought to be conceded that one
who does not know how to make a
living is likely to be poor soil in
which to plant seeds of culture. The
ideal American citizen is a man (or
woman) of reasonable efficiency in
matters of everyday concern, who
combines with a practical common
sense the idealism which we , be
lieveour critics to the contrary
notwithstanding has distinguished
our people above all others in the
world.
We fail to share in consequence
of these considerations the dire
forebodings of those who see an edu
cational mare's nest in .the decision
of a New England university to pro
vide special courses of study for
young students who wish to work in
the summer as waiters, bell-boys,
porters, clerks and so forth, to earn
money to pay their way through col
lege. .It is complained that this is
properly the function of a trade
school, that the humanities ought to
be kept apart from vocationalism,
lest the former be contaminated by
the latter, and that the foundation
of culture is best laid in an atmos
phere of Its own. Yet it is ttlso ad
mitted that even an academic edu
cation requires material sustenance,
and we can think of no better way
to inculcate character, which is one
of the prime objects of all educa-.
tion, than to fit the pupil so com
pletely to meet life's problems that
he need not be under obligations to
anyone. The self-respect of the col
lege boy who is working his way is
likely to be enhanced by realization
that he knows hia temporary voca
tion; indeed, we know of no better
method of stimulating craft pride
than that which aims to make him a
master workman at whatever he un
dertakes. "
There ia no good reason why .the
young student of medieval English,
whose dream is of knowing all about
our language prior to the time in
which Chaucer wrote, should not be
taught to wait on table efficiently if
he proposes to employ this vehicle to
propel him through his middle Eng
lish course. It will hardly impair
enjoyment of the study of ancient
literature for the student to be pro-
ficient as a clerk if clerking is to be porting nation, the two industries
his vacational avocation. That it has being, of course, intimately associ
been thought expedient to impart ated. The number of individuals em
knowledge in these adventitious ployed in "maufacturing and me
branches within the walls of the col- chanical industries" has increased
lege is a matter of administrative from 2,451,000 in 1870 to 12,821,000
detail only. It happens to be con- in 1920, or about five-fold in the
venient and time-saving to do it that period in which the whole popula
way, that is all. tion was multiplied by three. More-
It is probably impossible to retain over, in the same period, the total
the cloistered college in the educa- number engaged in trade and trans
tion scheme. Just as probably no portation increased from 1,240,000"
harm is being done by mingling in- to 7,390,000, or something near six
struction in the. business of making fold. The amazing .advancement of
a living with the teaching of the art the automobile industry, which has
of living. The university need not been among the phenomena of the
necessarily abate a jot of its rever- century, is accounted for in the lat
ence for the cultural studies, which ter figures. Summarizing, it ia seen
are as essential now as they ever were,
in its efforts to help its undergradu- tion now ejnploy more than o.uuo,
ates achieve economic independence. 000 people, by comparison with only
Indeed, it is more likely that the 3,697,000 in 1870, while farming en
humanities will gain in the long run gaged the attention of less than
by the innovation. The plan is open double the number so employed half
to none of the objections to the a century ago. .
nurelv vocational school, which , It is the function of census takers
wholly neglects the polite branches
in the attempt to grind out super-
ficiallv efficient but badly balanced
workers Jn the shortest possible
space of time.
The manifestation ot a Snostly
presence at Brentwood in the Port
land suburb is not altogether satis
factory. It ought to be generally
agreed, and we think it is, that as a
rule, Oregon ghosts are fully as en.
terprising as Oregonians in the flesh.
Yet here la presumably foruana
50031 Piayius socoxxu i u "
first page to the ghost of a hamlet in
eastern Canada. . Oregon prides it
self on being first in every great
movement. Why should our ghosts
throw us down? Besides, the Brent
wogB saosi IS nut even Olismai.
. i i : , rm,.
one at Antigonish set numerous fires
and braided horses' tails. One down
in California has been throwing
rocks on a warehouse in broad day
light. Yet here is a ghost in Port
land doing nothing more original
than the old stuff of rapping on the
walls and tapping on the door.
It is time that self-respecting
ghosts wholly abandoned rapping
and other house noises for something
better. . The noises are so -subject to
human imitation that the best qual
ity of ghostly efforts is now open
to suspicion. There is the small
boy's contrivance which consists of a
nail "slipped in the siding of the
house and a long stout cord attached
to the nail. When the far end of
i,.,- " . j t ku.j iv.
1 t-.tin i 11 0 livuao iBOUUUua will lay
Pings and scrapings more terrifying
There are inadvertent imitations
also. We know of a Portland man
who listened in hia bed in cold sweat
for six successive nights to the creak,
creak, creak of a heavy person as
cending the stairs, and the loud slam
of a door that marked the end ot tha
manifestation. On the seventh night.
reinforced by the presence of his
wife, he set watchand discovered
that the opening of the bed room
windows created a draft which set in
motion the bath room door. The
door hinges squeaked and the door
finally shut. That was all there was
to it.
These an'd other imitations are
doubtless the reasons why the enter
prising ghosts of New Brunswick
and California have abandoned the
practice of rapping. It is hard to
believe that a real Portland ghost
would be leas up-to-date. We don't
believe it. The Brentwood ghost ia
unquestionably some astral tender
foot, or ignorant immigrant from a
low spiritual plane. He is none of
our folks. . ' .
OCCUPAOTONAI- CHANGES.
Farming is clearly no longer the
principal vocation of Americans, as
it was : in the early days of the re- I
public. The census of 1920, now
available for analysis, indicates that I
the country passed the zenith ten.
years ago in this regard, for. there
were 12,659,000 persons engaged in
agricultural labor in 1910 the high-
water mark up to that time while
only 10,950,000 were so employed in
1920. The latter figure is only
slightly greater than that for 1900
when the population of the United
States was a little more than 75,000,
000. An increase of about 30,000,-
000 in the pastwenty years has not
in otner svoraa Deen auenaea oy any
increase in the number of people en
gaged in raising the food crops of
the country. Comparison with 1870
is even mpre striking. " The popula
tion of the United States fifty years
ago was 38,558,000, and it had in
creased to almost three-fold, or 105,-
,1,.,'
710,000 by 1920, though me
cvti y una i
nmW nf for mora wan onlv
ni .k hki
The fieures bv themselves need
not necessarily be disturbing. The
mnvament nf nonnlation awav from I
the farms is ominous only so far as
it presages a time when too few will
remain on the land to feed the popu-
lation as a whole. It is well known
that certain epochal inventions have
set free large numbers of hands who
formerly would have been required
for food production, anls has not that Judge McGinn will be general
been true, however, as to the past chairman of the ceremonies attend
twenly years. The tractor has con- in(r the unveiling of the statue of
stituted the only important contrlbu-
tion to farm machinery in recent
years and it has savea ine laDor or
riorses ratner man or men. , ine
poin made by economists who have
studied the census figures is that the
proportion of 10 per cent of the
population employed in tilling the
sojl is very near the minimum of
safety under present conditions of
development . of farm machinery.
Either a revolutionary invention or
a noteworthy back - to - the - land
movement will be needed to restore
the balance. Neither appears on the
horizon at the present time.
Another labor group that shows
a marKed decrease is described
under the heading, "Domestic and
personal service." The total number
of persons over ten years old who
were so employed declined from 3,- I
772,000 to 3,400,000 in the decade
from 1910 to 1920. In the period in
which the total population increased
vy uca.njr .,v..-,Uvv, m umucr vi
avanaDie servants Decreased oy some
372,000, a rate of decline which
would presage the entire disappear
ance of the Ijlred girl in something
less than a century. Here, however.
some account may be taken of our I
changing mode of life. More people
live in hotels, whose employes are
not included in the personal ser-
vicft" lasifiatinn. Anil mnrA nt at
Uujit. Dart of their meals in rwrtanr.
ants. The total number of homes
has not decreased, which shows that
a larger proportion of housewives
are doing their work than in any
period for which comparative fig- I
ures are available.
We are rapidly becoming preeml- I
nentiy a manufacturing and a trans- I
that manufacturing and transporta-
I only to record the facts. Solutions of
tne proDiems iney reveai wm do ai
most as numerous as tne numDer or
I persons figuring on them. The fact
that stands out is that future growth
of manufacturing would seem to de
labor lfiaua wiu press for TOri
OU9 solution.
TM MIGRANTS AND THE FARM
Professor John B. Clark of Co
lumbia points out one of the reasons
wiy tte naturo or the immigration
Uroblem for the United States
changing with the years. It is that
whereas a third or a half a century
ago there was plenty of cheap land
In the country, attractive to immi
grants, who came primarily to en
I 1 ..lt lnnrla sr. now
, v.(, Trm
comparatively high-priced. Farmers
are essentialy home builders, ana so
rural homes sprang up under the
old order. Being habituated by
early practice to thrift and saving.
the newcomers worked hard and
conserved their resources. The col
onies established by the foreign
born were not infrequently models
of their kind
With the passing of cheap land
the opportunity passed for those who
were primarily agricultural in their
habits. The succeeding immigrations
came from countries overflowing
with untrained labor, which on its
arrival in America sought employ
ment in large industrial centers. The
suggestion is obvious that the abate
, . . . .
rather than
abroad. It is probably true, how
ever, that both lonsiderations were
influential. The economic situation
of the farmer of Europe improved
greatly in the decade immediately
prior to the world war.
"There is far more likeness," says
Professor Clark, "between different
branches of the European family
than there is between the economic
conditions Jnto which immigrants
came in the third quarter of the last
1 Intn wVilotl t V. O r
- '""f- k
tween then and now only makes the
immigration problem more impor
tant. Formerly it was pretty safe to
put the immigrant in the way of ac
quiring land and then trjist to fate
to take care of him, but a new situ'
ation arises both from the changing
character of Immigration and the
new tendency to create, slums in
cities, and the contrast between the
alien farmer in a new country, ai
ways busily employed, and . the in
dustrial laborer, frequently out of
work, are apparent. i
Year after year, Massachusetts
can be depended upon for a heavy
snow about the first of April as a
fini8k 0r winter. After . that the
crocuses "croka" ,and the arbutus
trails into sight and spring is on,
This is a legacy from the Pilgrims,
wio established the weather when
they got off the Rock, and the men
fryIXL the commonwealth who have
pioneered into all sections of the
earth look for it in their daily news.
The arm-chair personnel at the
national capital is checked for gar
rison duty. If there be politics in
this, and the charge will be made if
it can be hung on anything or any
body, those concerned probably will
be found to have been commissioned
from civil life.
The "6 o'clock burglar," whose
capture ia credit to the officers who
have been trailing him, had enough
"soup" in his possession to blow a
big hole in the. heart of the city. A
, . , , , ,
Ol tuat miu uumu Uc.um,a.,
until death removes him.
Just - word to the regulators or
vigilantes or whatever they call
theniselvea at Medf ord. A negro
bootlegger is no worse than a white
one and exception should- not De
made. It is not ethics in the north to
"pick on a nigger.
It is in accord with eternal fitness
Roosevelt. Theirs was a friendship
that could be dissolved only by the
passing of either.
The state superintendent of bank
ing thinks Oregon has enough of
those institutions for awhile. So it
seems; but this should not deter
mine against the town that has none
but has the business necessary.
In the matter of auto parka for
this summer, the city which fur-
nisnes much to the tourist find Keeps
UP his surroundings is - justified in
mawng nominal charge; m ract,
iooimn " no "bl
A man who declines appointment
to the supreme court because he pre
fers his work on the circuit bench
can be kept on the job to the su
preme satisfaction of the voter.
Thousands, or railroad men are
iai9i naturally, following the miners
strike. The falling brick starts the
row tumbling.
Abe Evans, under death sentence,
ia so anxious to be hanged he cannot
refrain from being his own hang
man. A century hence descendants of
People who saw Lafayette will be
teuule tne goitre cnapter.
Joffre was not a "rock of the
Marne." He was a big boulder,
Not even an April shower today,
Mr. Wells. Think who's here.
The Listening Post.
By DeWitt Harry.
pOME local business men, who al
O ready have capital invested in
Alaska, are now. backing a clam and
crab .cannery. There is a good de
roand for sea foods of this character
and Alaska has the raw materials, ac
cording to one of them. It appears
that a great deal of the crab meat
now being sold in cans in this coun
try is imported from Japan and
adorned with American labels. The
same was said to be true to a limited
extent in regard to clams. Clam can
neries operating on the north Pacific
coast have been hampered by an in
sufficient supply of the bivalves.
Crabs' are too limited in extent here
to nav a cannery to operate with
their meat.
In Alaska all is different. The
crabs and clams grow to a tremen
dous size. Ordinary deep sea crabs
weigh around 20 pounds each, and
tales of the real big ones are start
ling.
Native boatmen have brought some
tremendous stories of thrilling ad
ventures to shore after trips around
the many Islands of that section of
the north. They tell of seeing seals
disappear and of the huge claws of
the crabs reaching out for whales
who retreat and hold their armored
enemies at bay by directing their
snouts at the crabs. Some of the
stories of fights on the ice between
the orabs and huge tusked walrus 'or
polar bear are worthy of a. real ro
mancer. -
Mysterious disappearances of cattle
browsing along the coast, of dogs, of
pigs and sheep have been attributed
to the big crabs and another story
deals with a fight that a husky dog
put up against one of the shell-f teh,
how the fierce wolf strains came to
the surface in the battle and the dog
managed to twist one of the sea
monster's legs off before his master
saw him borne out into the eurf, help
less in the great claws, and then held
under the surface until drowned.
The clams there are often a foot or
mora across and weigh 10 and 12
pounds. This then is the material the
canners have on which to base their
efforts, and they expect to make the
game a success.
The etorlea have a breath of the at
mosphere of Nova Scotia and the
great embarkation camps near Hali
fax when the Canadian contingent
was being rushed to France. The boys
used to complain of their loss of sleep
on aocount of the herring, and swore
that the fish would swim out on the
sea on the heavy fogs at night and
roost on the trees and clash their tails
and fine together like cymbals. It
might be that eome one could suggest
an anthem for the Alaska crab-clam
adventurers along the line of the
Nova Scotia song:
Show me the Novie who don't ' like his
herring,
Show nt the Novie who don't like his
booze.
Show rae the true son of old Nova Scotia
Whd hasn't some blue on the end of his
nose.
Escalator etiquette now comes in
for its innings, just when the revolv
ing door problem seems to have been
solved to a certain degree. With ev
ery innovation of modern civilisation
it seems that some dispute will crop
up regarding the proper procedure
until some precedent Is established.
Now the rule in the man's world is
take your turn" and the women's
rule is ladies first." When they
clash, nowadays especially that wom
en are on an equal footing with men,
if not ahead in many things, what
rule is to govern? In the line at the
escalator the women walk to the head
of the line, adhering to their old es
tablished rule. An escalator is pure
ly a business affair, a time-eaving de
vice that some hurried business man
or clerk may be using who has only
moments to spare instead of unlimited
time. It's a weighty problem, but it
would seem presumptuous for any
writer to attempt to establish arule
of conduct. We all may have our
own opinions. -
.
The doughnut can convey a mes
sage as well as the rose. This state
ment is made in confidence, for the
young fellow who received the dough
nut does not want it to go too far.
The doughnut cannot go any further,
as its course is already run, but it
was a gift from one of the white-clad
girls iwho tends counter in a factory
where 'they mold and boil the crisp;
fried cakes. A doughnut proferred in
the right spirit and th just the
right amount of smile has an added
flavor. This is not written with the
idea of causing a run on this dough
nut stand, but the white-clad girl ia
there and she has lots of doughnuts
on hand.
The girls were discussing a friend
lately married.
Do you think she's happy?" asked
the first with hated breath.
I'll say she is. Why, 'that girl is
o happily married she has to go to
a theater for a good cry."
SPRING.
What mystery glides along the wind
tonignt.
That lends enchantment to the quiet
SKy,
And lingers in that farthest haze of
light
A star whose ray seems like a sil
ver sigh?
Why does dusk fall
In" warm, pale clouds, tonight?
The distant hills are blue and faintly
tresn,
'Am when young leaves first taste
the morning dew.
Now night has caught life in her
violet mesn,
And something that is mystery te
ll new ,
watch for morn,
But Spring comes on apace.
KATHKTN EASTHAM.
Opera Tenor in Previous Season.
PORTLAND, April 3. (To the Edi
tor.) Kindly tell me (l).who were
the leading tenors with the Chicago
Opera company on their last visit to
Portland, several years ago? (2)
Where is Salazar this season?
APPRECIATIVE SUBSCRIBER.
1. Otto Marak, Amadeo Bassi,
Giorgini and Leon Campagnola, . who
sang in this city April, 1914-.
2. The Musical Courier, New Tork
city, stated about a month ago that
Manuel Salazar, dramatic tenor, had
just sung at the Metropolitan opera
house.
Order of Authority Cnansjea.
Washington, D. C, Star.
Is your wife the boss of your
household?"
'She is, answered Mr. Meekton;
now that the hired girt has left."
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales of Folka at the Hotel.
"Every house at Garibaldi is occu
pied and more are needed to meet the
diemand. A department store at Tilla
mook intends putting in a branch at
Garibaldi, and a hardware store will
open a branch. We now have two
restaurants where there were none
before. The town looks good." re
ports Walter Reed, who bungalows
in the vicinity of Garibaldi. "The
big mill is operating, getting out
lumber for itself with which to build
wharves and the like, and in two or
three months it will be going full
blast and employing hundreds of men.
The company will get out its own
logs, bringing them into Idaville on
Its own railroad, saw them up at the
b'g mill and ship them to sea ove
its own docks. All the activity' at
Garibaldi is centered around' the saw
mill company, and this is why the lit
tie hamlet is srrowiner so rapidly.
few years ago Garibaldi consisted of
nothing but a salmon cannery and
general store, and about the only way
to get from Garibaldi to Tillamook
was by steam launches or fishing
boats. Now there is a good highway,
and a constant stream of automobiles
and jitneys are passing between Til
lamook and Garibaldi." Mr. Reed was
formerly in the theatrical business
in Portland, but has been, living in a
beautiful bungalow on the coast for
the past few years.
Every loan made by the war finance
corporation in the vicinity of Parma,
Idaho, has to be approved by F. IS
Fisk, who arrived at the Perkins yes
terday. Mr. Fisk knows the country
and the sheep and cattle game, and
he isn t a chap that could be fooled
into counting the same band of sheep
twice. Those acquainted with his
operations declare that there will
never be any scandal connected with
the loans jnade on his O. K. . Mr
Fisk is a banker at Parma and is
here to attend a meeting of govern
ment' officials, but that didn t inter
fere with his bringing down a ship
ment of livestock. While no large
amount of money waa placed in Idaho
by the government, enough was scat'
tered around to relieve the situation
and save many men from going broke,
With excellent prospects for a fine
wheat and fruit year, -sheep and wool
and cattle looking up, the completion
of the Columbia river highway and
contracts on The Dalles-California
highway being advertised, The Dalles
looks like a good place to live, ac
cording to Tom West, who is at the
Imperial. People of The Dalles, says
Mr. West, have taken up golf with
enthusiasm. A few townsmen have
subscribed $15,000 to purchase
grounds and build a clubhouse, and
experts hired to lay out the course
declare that it is the finest natural
golf ground in the country.
Some 35 years ago Thompson Scog-
gin and L. P. Quimby were rivals in
producing and developing fast race
horses in the Fossil country. Now
Mr. Scoggin, who is a nephew of the
former Portland councilman of that
name, is flat on his back in Good
Samaritan hospital, recovering from
an operation. Mr. Quimby and Mr.
Scoggin ran a lot of the old races all
over again the other day when Mr.
Quimby called on the patient. Mrs.
Scoggin, who came down from Fossil
to help nurse her husband, took an
active part in the reminiscences.
Al Hendriksen of Cecil and his
brother George of Willow creek,
postofflce Arlington, are at the Hotel
Oregon. They came to town to at
tend the golden wedding anniversary
of their parents, Mr. and Mrs. C.
Hendriksen of this city. Mr. Hen
driksen of Cecil declares that the
livestock business would have been
in bad shape this winter if there
hadn't been so much hay,' practically
a two-year stock being on hand. The
grass is slow in coming, although the
weather is milder than it is here in
Portland.
H. V. Dunlap of Moscow says that
the people of northern Idaho will be
disappointed if Portland does not
have the 1925 exposition, as extensive
plans were made to put that part of
taano on the map during the fair.
Already plans are under way for a
motion picture story of that section
showing the great wheat fields and
other industries which would attract
the prospective settler. Mr. Dunlap
-s registerea at tne Multnomah.
'We have an abundance of hay in
Idaho," says Fred Harrington of
Caldwell, Idaho, at the Perkins. "One
reason is tnat tne hay cannot be
shipped out .because some of the al-
raiia in the state Is Infested with
weevil. There is no weevil in the
hay in our district, but the embargo
is placed on all the hay in the state."
Mr. Harrington brought two carloads
of cattle to Portland and shipped two
carloads of hogs to Seattle.
George Huntington Currey, editor
or the Herald, at Baker, arrived at
the Imperial yesterday on a political
mission. Mr. Currey says that the
now has practically disappeared from
the hills around Baker and that the
tock has weathered the winter in
good condition, thanks to the hay sup
ply which was large when the winter
opened.
Spring Chinook, the finest food fish
in -the world, are in the Columbia
river, according to John Larson, dep
uty fish warden, who is in town from
Astoria. Mr. Larson has been on
the river as a fisherman or a 'deputy
warden for more than 35 years and
is known to every man and boy in
terested in fishing.
Arthur L. Bramwell. of the desk
staff at the Hotel Portland, was mar
ried Saturday night to Miss Adeline
C. Alorris of this city at the First
Congregational church. Mr. Bram
well Is a son of F. S. Bramwell of
Grants Pass, and a brother of 'R
state superintendent of banks.
Nick Baatz of Great Falls, Mont, Is
at the Multnomah. Mr. Baatz has a
bottling works in Great Falls, the
contents of the bottles being soft
drinks.
C. A. Leinenweber, who has been a
member of the city council of Astoria
for so many years that no one can
keep track of them, is in Portland.
R. 3. Moore of the Yamhill Electrie
Co., and the Tualatin Electric com
pany, was in the city yesterday on
business.
Elijah D. Thompson "of Burley,
Idaho, is an arrival at the Perkins
with Mrs. Thompson. He is a stock
man. Ed Slayton of Prineville, a stock
man. Is in the city.
Voting on First Papers.
SKAMOKAWA. Wash.. April 2.
To the Editor.) 1. When Washing
ton became a state, a man could vote
on his first papers, if he had had
them six months. Is that law etill
in existence?
2. If a family comes from a foreign
land and the father becomes a citizen
before the children are of age, are
the children citizens?
MATT FREDERICKSON.
1. Yes. It is advisable that a per
son so qualified get an opinion from
the attorney-general for presentation
at the polls, as his vote may otherwise
be refused by an uninformed election
board - '
2. Tea.
Burroughs, Nature Club.
Copyright, Houghton-Mifflin Co.
Can Yon Answer These Qnrstionsf
1. To what age does the ordinary
domestic goose live?
2. How do toads shed their tails?
3. Does a cow have anything in
her mouth when chewing her cud?
Answers in tomorrow's nature notes.
Answers te Previous Questions.
1. If minnows are caught by acci
dent in fishing, should they be killed?
By no means. They live on the
wrigglers of mosquitoes and are use
ful checks on this pest. Gold fishes,
sunfishes and sticklebacks also eat
wrigglers, and are valuable in ponds
that cannot be coated with oil to
check the insect.
- 2. What variety of trees grows
tallest?
Probably the sequoias, the eem
pervirens, or redwood, and the Wel
lingtonia, or "big tree" take the prize
for stature. Specimens of the former
are known 340 feet high or the latter
320 feet. These trees are now found
only in a small area. The tall tree of
lumber possibilities is the Douglas
spruce of the northwest coast region.
Also called red fir.
3. Can wild geese or any wild bird
flying south for the winter become
loet, especially on a clear day? We
noticed- some that wandered around
and acted lost.
Possibly the leader had been shot,
and the flock was temporarily con
fused and disorganised. But seeing
wild geese not in the common wedge
shape flock is not a proof they have
lost their leader, as they sometimej
fly In more straggling formation. In
fog or storm they are likely to loss
their way and wander somewhat.
NOT QUALIFIED TO REPROACH
Vonnsr Men Who Criticise Flapper
Need to Ebcamlne Themselves.
PORTLAND, April 3. (To the
Editor.) After reading an article in
The Oregonian, orlg'nally published
in a Las Vegas, N. M., paper, stat
ing that the boys of the town of
Mosquero. Harding county, N. M,
have organized with the Intention of
eliminating the so-called "flapper"
from the matrimonial race, I am
prompted to voice my sentiments.
I am 24 years old. I have not, as
yet, bobbed my hair. However,
should I feel so inclined I most sure
ly would. I do not roll my hose, un
less I find it necessary, and I do not
approve of improper dancing. But,
It would indeed give me great pleas
ure to see the young man, "eligible
to take unto himself a wife," who is
so far above reproach as to be able
to criticise or voice his opinio of
ny girl, whether good or bad. My
brother is being taught to respect all
girla. I hope he never forgets his
training, and that he will live up
to it.
To a certain extent the girls of to
day have overstepped certain privi
leges granted them that is, some
of them have. I, personally, can see
no harm in girls' bobbing their hair,
nor in their using rouge. The ma
jority of us do use it. In my opin
ion neither the girls nor the men
are harmed. Were we to start crit
icising each other there are more
serious things to consider.
We do not criticise, openly, the
lovely sideburns, nor the cunning
mustaches, to say nothing of ciga
rettes and tobacco in any other form.
I do not disapprove of smoking, un
less it is harmful in itself. Char
acter and personality, mean more to
us. We must keep ourselves mor
ally clean, and forget these petty
foolish ideas, which, after all, are
only passing fads.
Tne reDruary o, jad, iaUD ui tue
Collier's Weekly, would help us all:
Zealous folks have told us about the
wickedness of many things, whisky,
women's dress, the younger generation,
theaters, moving pictures. Jazz it's t-pen
a thorough Job. But it has lasted a trifle
uveriong. this business of makine; our
selves happier by making the. world bet
ter. What would happen If we turned
about and went with equal fervor about
the job of making the world happier by
making ourselves better?
So, young men or Mosquero, 1
would advise that you start on Mr.
'I" before reforming little Miss Fu
ture Wife. . P. E. A.
REFORMS ARE ALL BOOMERANGS
Writer Would Now Rather See Cor
poration Than Politician in Charare.
MAPLE LANE, Or., April 2. (To
the Editor.) I was much impressed
by two contributions to Tho Oregon
ian signed by Earnest Teightwod. His
suggestion for a "holiday" in taxation
comes close to my purse and gizzard.
It is also about the only logical plan
of relief.
All "reforms" so far are boom
erangs. Prohibition was to reduce
taxes. Then the 6 per cent limitation
swindle was an open fraud, but the
majority fell for it. Income tax
caught me about 30 years ago, and
as a sort of a simplifying process of
levy I supported single tax, though I
was not enthusiastic about it.
Smashing or "busting" the trust
was only another reform of bygone
days popular with me until it finally
dawned upon my rather obtuse mind
that the proper thing to do was to
bust" the politicians. I may not.
probably will not, enlist you or any
one else in uregon in sucn a cause,
but so far I care for no other pro
gramme. Give the politicians a vacation, only
make it indefinite. "Can't be done,"
is the usual argument and is to all
appearances correct. However, that
is the only solution T can see. Abolish
taxation, starve the political leeches.
Let ua have less noise in this re
sourceful land. Our politicians, alias
"statesmen," are only "clogs upon
the wheels of time" and Industry,
peace and plenty.
I would rather turn the affairs of
human welfare In this land over to
the head of someone or the heads of
all the great trusts, . e., industrial
corporations, than any political gang
of noisemakers ever sticking about
the treasury department in state or
nation. In other words, if I could
enlist the corporations in an honest
move to abolish the politicians I
would feel like starting out as an
agitator. JOHN F. STARK.
Seaport and Government.
ALBANY, Or., April 2. (To the
Editor.) (1) Is London a seaport? Is
Portland a seaport? In our geography
class we have a difference of opinion
concerning a city situated several
miles up a navigable river and a city
directly on a harbor, such as San
Francisco. (2) What Is the Russian
capital at present? (3) Can Russia
be classified as to form of govern
ment? (4) Are the Baltic states in
dependent as yet?
GEOGRAPHY CLASS.
1. Any port, harbor or town accessi
ble to sea-going vessels is a sea
port. Portland and London are sea
ports.
2. Moscow.
3. - The term "soviet," recently ad
mitted to languages' other than Rus
sian, is broad enough in its common
application to designate a form of
government. - .
4. Yes.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montague.
A DIFKERl:CE.
We sniffed In the breath of the on
shore wind.
In the days that are dead and gone.
Myrrh from Persia and spice from
Ind
And camphor from far Ceylon.
The fragrance of roses from Tripoli
Perfumed our western shore
But those are the days that are long
gone by.
The time that shall come no more.
We pictured the crew In the bright
array
Of the natives of land afar.
As the bark climbed over the break
ers gray
And hauled for the foam-flecked
bar.
We listened for songa, ia a wild
strange tongue.
Of the land of the heart's desire.
The chantey that seamen have al
ways aung
Since Homer smote hia lyre.
But what do we sniff in the breeze
today
When we watch till our ablp come
in?
What are the scents that come up the
bay?
Whisky and rum and gin!
Ale from Scotland you know the
sort
Bass' and Qulnnea utout;
Burgundy, brandy, champagne and
port
And the ship still three mil out I
And what are the sounds that W
hear at night?
A voice from a husky throat
Cries: "Captain, I see a gleaming
light;-
Perhaps if a dry-law boat!"
Odd scents! Odd sounds! All passing
strange.
We listen and eniff with awe;
For the world has suffered a aad
change
Because of the Volstead law.
Forever and Forever.
Life in the United State is just on
income tax installment after another.
Mistaken.
England has warned Ireland that
Internal fighting must oeasa. And
Irishmen fondly fancied that they
were free!
In Other Days.
Twenty-Five Yearn Ars.
Prom The Oregonian of April 4. iB7.
Salt Lake. The westbound through
passenger train on the Oregon Short
Line was ditched this morning and
one man was killed and seven per
sons injured.
Berlin. The new emigration bill
presented to the rclchstag today
states tho settled policy of henceforth
directing emigration elsewhere than
to the, United States.
Commencing yesterday morning the
weather bureau in this city started to
furnish logotype weather reports to
the hotels and business houses.
An improved Ice -making machine
has been Invented which, It Is said,
will permit making artificial Ire
cheaper than natural ice can be cut
and stored.
Fifty Year Ago.
From Tho Oregonian of April 4. 1873
The schedule time on the mall route
from Portland to Corvallla. via La
fayette, has been shortened from 4H
to 24 hours.
Vinaigrettes are again coming Into
fashion. No woman considers her
toilet complete without one and some
of them are so large and heavy they
could be used either as offensive or
The president has appointed Joseph
Nimmo to be supervising Inspector
general of steamboats.
It Is the Intention of planter In
the interior of Texas to put In an
immense crop of cotton thl Benson.
Corbett-Sulllvaa Fla-ht.
PORTLAND, April J To the Ed-Itor.)-
In The Oregonian March IS.
under the title "In Other Day. Twenty-five
Yearj Ago," you have this
paragraph:
"Carson, Nev. Robert Fltzslmmon
today became heavyweight champion
of the. world, defeating Jamea J. Cor
bett in a hard-contested 13-round bat
tle." Now I have always been under the
Impression that Jame J. Corbett de
feated John L. Sullivan March 17 of
the same year, 1897. Wlio-ou kindly
tell me when J. J. Corbett did defeat
John L-. and where?
An old friend of mine says that the
fight was in 1X93 and I am still of the
opinion that it was March 17, 1897.
ARNOLD J. ALTMAN.
Corbett defeated Sullivan at New
Orleans, September 7, 18D3.
Liability for Husband' Debts.
PORTLAND. April 2. (To th Edi
tor.) A own household effect which
are in storage In Montana. B, her
husband, owe money. A residents
of Oregon. C maintains that A" house
hold goods can be attached to satisfy
B's creditors. C also maintain that
B's creditor are not compelled to
serve paper on him In Oregon.
TWO OREGONIAN BOOSTERS.
Under the law of Oregon the wife's
property is not liable for the hus
band's separate debts, and that I
true generally In western states. In
this case the law of Montana would
govern the right to attach property
within the jurisdiction of that state,
and The Oregonian cannot undertake,
except In a few particular, to gtv
specifically the law of states other
than Oregon and Washington.
Value of Radium.
CENTRALIA, Wash., April 2. (To
the Editor.) Please state how much
radium there Is In the world, also how
much it la worth an ounce.
L. C. STEPHEN8.
We cannot gfve you the present
stock of radium In the world. Th
United States, which supplies most of
the world's radium, produced 34
grams in 1920, or a little more than
yie ounce. Radium is worth about
1100,000 a rram. There are I1.10J
grams In an ounce, troy.
Teacher Get the Joh.
Judge.
An applicant wa before the school
board applying for th position of
teacher In the local school.
"Do you teach round geography or
flat geography?" queried the head of
trustees.
"I am prepared to teach either,
came the reply.
He got th job.
Name of Sir Harry' Ktlek.
ROSEBURG, Or., April 2 (To the
Editor.) Please tell me the correct
name for the crooked stick or can
carried by Sir Harry Lauder.
A READER.
The Scotch sometimes call a rud
walking stick a "kent."