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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 25, 1921)
THE MORX1SO OREGOMAX, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 2., 1921 J KSTABLISHED BY HENRY I- PITTOCK. : Pnbllahed b. The Orexonian Publishing; Co.. 133 (Sixth Street, i'ortlinO, Oregon, ft A. HORDES, E. B. PIPER. alanager. Editor. The Oregonlan le a member of tho A.o Clated press. The Aseoclated Preaa la ex clusively entitled to llie use for publication of ail newa dlspatchea credited to It or Dot etherwike credited In thle paper and alao the local newa published herein. Ail rights of publication of -pecial dispatches herein are alao reaerved. tiubacrlptlun BaUes Invariably la Advance. (Br Mall.) Pally, Sunday Included, one rear $8.00 Dally. Sunday Included, all months 4.ZJ 12.1 ,7S son a 25 .eo l.oo 2. so Latly, Sunday Included, three month. l)ally, Sunday Included, one month .. 3ally, without Sunday, one year pally, without Sunday, alx months ... pally, without Sunday, one month ... weakly, one year Sunday, one year (By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year 10.00 pally, Sunday Included, three months. . 2.25 pally, Sunday Included, one month ... pally, without Sunday, one year 7.80 Pally, without Sunday, three months.. Pally, without Sunday, one month .... .63 Bow to Remit--Send poatofflce money rder, expreaa or peraonal check on your local bank. Stampe. coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postofflce address In fu'l, tnclutlnr county and stats. Postare Rates 1 to 20 pages. 1 cent; 14 to 82 pagee, cental Si to 48 paxes. 8 cente; AO to 64 pages. 4 cents: 66 to 80 pagea, 5 cente; b2 to 96 pases, 0 cents. Ft reign postage double rate. Eastern Business Office Verree St Conk Jin. 80O Madtaoc avenue. New York: Verree A Conklln. Steger building. Chicago; Ver re ae Conklln, Free Press building. I troit. Mich ; Verree aV Conklln, Soiling building, Portland. OCB ntVOLVKMXMTS IH ECBOFK. Any doubt that restoration of full prosperity and reduction of arma ment for the United States la possible only thro urn active participation of this country In restoration of peace conditions, financial stability and In dustrial activity in Europe should be removed by readngr the report of a committee of the United States Chamber of commerce which has Just completed an extended tour of that continent. The present world wide industrial and commercial de pression Is due to the fact that "the "world Is now operating on p. basis of less than half of the pre-war stand ard." It cannot get back to the full pre-war standard unless not only war but the distrust and friction which lead to war give place tb peace, mutual confidence and co-operation among nations. The war spirit still prevails be tween nations formerly at peace. It leads them to maintain enormous armies and to obstruct trade with neighbors. Great excess of govern ment expenses over revenue results. This causes great issues of paper money, which falls In value as its volume grows. This depreciation constitutes an obstacle to foreign trade, especially with the United States, as the dollar has become the measure of value for all the money of the world. Thus trade depression arrd unemployment in .the United States can be traced straight back to survival of the war spirit in Europe. Men still inveigh in and out of congress against this country's be coming Involved in the affairs of Europe. We are already Involved, and only by acknowledging and act ing on the fact can we escape worse Involvement. A few statements of fact by the committee on the authority of men In Europe whose opinions are held In high regard will show the close relation between the well-being of Europe and America. We begin with this statement: The ronanmptlnn of 800.000.000 people haa been reduced, on the average, to al most 80 per cent of what it was prsvlous to the war. Those millions "want the commod ities which others could supply," but cannot buy "because their money is so reduced In value that It has little buying power," for high rates of exchange make prices almost pro hibitive. Credit alone is not enough, for a buyer whose currency has de preciated "cannot promise payment in dollars six months or a year hence, because It Is wholly Impos sible to estimate what must be paid for those dollars when payment Is due." flurrency and exchange can not be improved without loans which will so strengthen the governments' fiscal position that they can stop lnsue of paper money. But the stronger nations cannot make these loans "without assurance of settled conditions." Then we come to the crux of the whole problem: In every country your committee found nnsnlmoue agreement that confidence doea not exlat because peace Is not estab lished, although nearly three years have lapsed since the srmtstlee. Huelneas In Europe haa come to a defi nite pauae and la not likely to resume the movement forward until the armed conflicts which still peralat there are stopped and the menace of recurring warfare Is removed. Then we are told that In the opin ion of the bankers and business men of every country, "the establishment of peace and restoration of confi dence are impossible without the whole-hearted co-operation of all al lied, neutral and former enemy countries." The direct Interest of the United States In the work Is thus stated: Before the war the European countries transacted about two-thinls of the total International business. They purchased more than half the exports of the United Slates. Further, their governments owe us about ten billion dollars and about a billion dollars of accrued Interest, and "this debt Is being Increased by accruing Interest at the rate of about S 1,500.000 a day." Foreign countries and their citizens owe our bankers and business men over $3,000,000, 000. In 1921 our exports were 19.6 per cent lesa and our Imports 82.2 per cent less than in 1920. These are rea sons why no American should "seri ously consider the proposition that this country should Isolate itself from Europe, our greatest market, or that the question of our foreign tradi does not interest practically every business man, evory farmer and every worker In the United States." These are the grounds on which the committee urges that the United States form a solid front with the al lies In enforcing the reparation set tlement on Germany; that the United States army remain on the Rhine In order to lessen friction between France and Germany; that "France and other European countries be given assurance of security In the future"; that Germany maintain a stable government, be restored to solvency and extend Its foreign trade: that commercial relations be re-established among .the central European countries and especially that Austria be given a loan, which Is prevented by delay of congress In passing a bill to defer our claims, as oilier nations have done. The conclusions of these men. who regard our relations with Europe primarily from the viewpoint of our national prosperity 4eave no ground to stand on for those men who op pose any Intervention by this coun try In affals of Europe. We cannot prosper tlll Europe regains pros- . perity. It cannot prosper till it dis arms, and it dare not disarm till thoughts and fears of war are driven out. This country has the power, by a threat to intervene, to veto war. It has the confidence of all nations, which would enable it to induce them to throw down the barriers to commerce. It has the financial power and genius to restore their fi nancial solvency and to give their currency the stable value which must be the basis of credit. If the Washington conference should ad Just far eastern affairs, it would do only half the work needed for eco nomic reconstruction and would have laid less than half the founda tion for an agreement to limit arma ments. A clear view of the situa tion must lead President Harding to give practical aid to Europe in bury ing its enmities and setting to work. The greatest enemy abroad now is hatred and suspicion among nations, for from them spring all other evils from which mankind suffers. WHO IS RUNNING THE COUNTRY? The Oregonian has this inquiry from an exasperated reader: What Is this proposed strike all about? Ts It wagss? Or Is It control? Who la run ning the country, anyway 7 The reasons for the strike are stated variously. As we have seen them, some of them are: (1) A strike against the accom plished 12 per cent wage reduction. (2) A strike against the contin gency of a suggested 10 per cent further reduction. (S) A strike against the labor board. (4) A strike because the railroad executives have goaded the workers to strike. (6) A strike to bring: about gov ernment ownership. (6) A strike against economic law, which requires the . railroad workers to take their share of re duced returns from production and wages. (Witness the case of the farmers who a year ago got nearly $3 per bushel for wheat, and now must take less than $1. Why don't the farmers strike?) Tou can 'take your choice. Some are striking, probably, for one rea son, others for another. But all are striking to assert the power and authority of the brotherhoods over the railroads, and in defiance of the power and authority of the United States labor board. Whatever the details are, in essence, the issue Is controlled by the labor board, a government agency, or the brother hoods. Who la running the country? Well, we guess the people are. But we shall soon find out. OPEN THE WAT TO YAKIMA. Awakening of the people of south ern Washington between the Cas cades and the mouth of the Snake river to the value of a highway which would make the scenic grandeur of that region accessible is a result of the great benefits which they have seen Oregon derive from the Columbia river highway. The north side of the Columbia gorge equals the south side in attraction, and Mount Adams stands sentinel over it as Mount Hood guards it on the south. The narrow view that op ening of any region to tourists will draw them away from other regions has been thoroughly exploded, as we have learned that the more oppor tunities are opened to them, the more of them come to see all of "na ture's beauties that we have to dis play. A good beginning has been' made by building the highway along the north bank of the Columbia to Lyle and roads up the White Salmon and Klickitat rivers toward the foot of Mount Adams. Little work remains to extend them across the Indian reservation to the Yakima river. though much remains to make a good automobile highway. When the route has been opened, Its proved merits will give good leverage for state aid In laying a solid base and hard surface. There are, however, other reasons besides' tourists for a direct line of transportation between the Taklma and lower Columbia valleys. In the Yakima valley are thriving commun ities aggregating probably 50,000 people, which should be able to reach a market on the lower Colum bia as readily as thay reach Puget sound. For lack of a direct road they can dispose of their products on the coast at Puget sound only. In order to reach Portland their products must be hauled east by rail from Yakima to Kennewlck, 85 miles, then west 87 miles to reach a point on the Columbia due south of Yakima, though the distance in an airline is only about 60 miles. A highway 80 miles long Is probably practicable and would have to cross the Slmcoe mountains, while the railroads to Puget sound cross the main range of the Cascade mountains. Those extra 90 miles of railroad In following two sides of a triangle make rates pro hibitive on business between Port land and Yakima. 1 For many years there haa been talk of a railroad to connect the two cities, but the scheme ended in talk. Since the North Bank railroad was built by the Northern Pacific and Great Northern Jointly, prospect of such a road has faded away, even if capital had been obtainable. Natur ally the Northern Pacific would not consent to construction of a line in tended to divert a large part of its traffic to the North Bank, half the earnings of which would accrue to the Great Northern. A well paved highway capable of bearing the weight of heavy trucks Is the way out of Yakima's isolation. It shoftld make transportation pos sible at no higher rate per mile than prevails on the railroad and should substitute about 80 miles of truck haul for over 170 miles of rail haul. Loads could be transferred to or from the North Bank road at the terminus of the highway on the Co lumbia, whence there would be a shqrt, easy haul on the water grade to Portland. The Yakima valley would then be able to market Its fruit, vegetable's and farm products at either Portland or Puget sound ports or to export them on at worst equal terms. This project will doubtless be op posed -by the Interests which have kept the Yakima valley bottled up as their private preserve for railroad traffic and trade, but it has grown so big that it is bound to burst the bonds of subordination to those in terests. Trade cannot be confined by state lines, and Yakima and Port land have as good a right to do business together by the shortest, most economical lines of transporta tion as have Seattle and Pendleton, for example. Portland should Join hands with the people of the Yakl- ma valley for construction .of this a highway in the interest of trade as well as for the sake of tourist travel to the wonderful Mount Adams re gion. THE JCXIOR BED CROSS. There couldn't possibly be a prouder motto than that of the Junior R,ed Cross. In a day when men and nations seem somewhat given to the lure of self-interest It is a shining shibboleth. It is a good augury for the future that time when the half million Juveniles who form this branch of the great or ganization of mercy shall be ma tured. The motto Is "I Serve." It Is said In adage that "they also serve who only stand and wait." In cold, practical fact, however, a service that waits and la content to have the deed seek it is a misnomer. Certainly such has not been the service -of the Red Cross, nor is it the idea of service that is animate In the minds of the Juniors. In St Louis members of the Junior Red Cross stand at the street crossings to protect and warn their school mates against accident. In many cities the organization provides con veyances for crippled children, that these less fortunate ones may at tend school and share in at least a phase of the activities of the rest. The children of Europe, in lands laid waste by war, have reason to know that the motto of the Junior Red Cross Is no Idle pledge. In the past two years the organization has sent more than one million dollars overseas to the relief of destitute children. In Paris they have estab lished playgrounds for the children of the tenement districts. Their service Is International and untir ing. Grown folk have odd ideas of service selfish Ideas, often. It is true that a - dwarfed and ignoble conception of service Is not to be found in the American Red Cross, but not everyone belongs to the Red Cross, though all believe In it. When five million Juniors, trained in service of the right sort, enter the domain of American affairs as children grown to manhood and to womanhood, perhaps we shall wit ness a broader application of the doctrines of forbearance and sym pathy and kindliness. THE FRUITS OF SUFFRAGE. ' . The saddest phase of the militant plaint, which protests that suffrage is more a term than an actuality, is that it isn't so. A restlessness that Is sexless, and that is paralleled in ex perience only by the shifting moods of radicals and revolutionists, pos sesses those who profess a belief in the continued enslavement of Ameri can women. The conditions com plained against are fancied, and in no degree obtrude to hamper the career of any woman who choost s to avail herself of the awards of suf frage the material awards, aside from the boon of the vote itself. This is clearly illustrated by the host of women who have, within the past decade, and with increasing fre quency, appropriated public posi tions that once were held to be for men only. The most convincing re tort to militant complaint is that to day no fewer than fifty thousand women are engaged in public admin istrative affairs in America. Ten years ago, by authority of the census, there were but 13,000 women workers In this necessarily limited field. Now the feminine recruits comprise approximately one-tenth of the 600,000 executive and legislative officials of local, state and federal governments. It Is predicted that within a few years women will oc cupy at least one-third of the im portant appointive posts at the dis posal of the government. It would seam that this progress should be most gratifying, even to the con firmed defender of women's rights, when it is considered that the first breach in the wall of prejudice was made no longer ago than 1890. It was then that several states enacted laws permitting women to qualify for election as members of school boards and commissions. Since then the spectacle of women In executive positions has ceased to have novelty. AH things being equal, the woman who runs for office Is quite as apt to be elected as her opponent; if, indeed, the argument to her sex does not render her chance the better of the two. It follows, then, that the relative lnfrequency of women in public positions at the disposal of the voters is not in the least due to masculine antipathy, for such is non-existent, but to the attitude of the women themselves. The great majority of women prefer to inter pret suffrage as the means of ex pression by ballot. They have no wish to reign. Women mayors are plentiful, as are women members of state legis latures. Two women have been elected to congress, where one Is yet serving. A Cleveland woman holds the position of county judge. Women jurors are frequently called upon to determine the guilt or innocence of their fellow citizens. It may be said without extravagance that many thousands of male employes, in vari ous departments of American gov ernment, are serving under the com petent direction of women officials. There is no restraint whatever upon the length to which this feminine service in public affairs may be car ried, save the restraint of feminine preference for another career or tcr the home. WHY HOWAT BECAME A MARTYR. Let us understand for just what Alexander Howat endures "martyr dom" in a Kansas jail and why Kan sas miners are on strike. The union struck because $200 was withheld from a workman on the ground that he was a minor and therefore not en titled to that sum, which the union held to be false. After a hearing lasting three hours the Industrial court ordered the $200 paid and it was paid after the union had quar reled over it for three years. Then the union, by order of Howat, struck against the court's right to settle, and Howat was imprisoned for dis obeying the court. So the union Is no longer striking for the original point in dispute, for that has been settled in its favor, but against recognition of a decision by the court.. It seems to prefer the risk of losing by a strike to winning in court. Behind this is bitter oppo sition of the Howats to undermining their power. They are big men so long as by their decree they can keep one mine or a number of mines idle because the owners refuse to yield to a demand as to which two rational business men could agree In half an hour, but which a Howat may keep alive for months for some purpose of union strategy. If a court may step in and decide in a few hours, the Howats lose their terrors, and with them their hold on the workmen. They were already losing them In Kansas, for the industrial court has rendered twenty-eight decisions, of which twenty-seven have been ac cepted by both sides and one is on appeal. Where do the Howats come in? If common sense and justice continue to prevail, they will not come In at all. What the Howats consider the sacred rights of labor have been vio lated in another particular by the Kansas idea. As a result of con tinuous work, unbroken by strikes, Kansas miners have mined 30 per cent more coal than in an equal period before the Industrial court was established, consequently have earned more money, while the oper ators have made more profit Pre sumably coal has been mined more cheaply and should have been sold at lower prices, but that involves in quiry into the selling system. The industrial court Is looking Into that also, and is hot on the trail of a combination. But Howat objects that fewer men are employed, con trary to his union ethics, which re quire the largest possible number of men with the smallest possible out put per man if time wages are paid. He la indifferent to the certainty that the surplus men found other work, and that their ability to find it was improved by a steady supply of cheaper coal. What concerns him is that the army which he commands and which pays dues was reduced In size and that the greatness of Howat was thereby diminished. The Howats Injure the good name of union labor. The United Mine workers realize this, for its conven tion, voted by 2701 to 1775 to order him to call off bis strike. There are other men of the same type whom the labor unions would be wise to unload, for they cause many harsh things to be said of unions without due discrimination between those which deserve censure and those which deserve praise. How many more times must ex Emperor Charles be kicked out of Hungary before he takes the hint that no more Hapsburgs are wanted to rule anywhere in the world If Admiral Horthy should fail to give him the needed kick, the allies may turn Czechs loose against him. That would be a most appropriate finish, for It was a Hapsburg"s destruction of the independence of Bohemia that started the thirty years' war which ruined Germany, three cen turies ago. Use of white robes as a disguise By the fellows who tried to terror ize the nurses at the Deaconess' hospital at Salem is the best pos sible reason why no law-abiding so ciety should use them. Any mis creant can and does don a disguise to hide his identity while commit ting a crime, and he does so the more readily when it casts suspicion on some society that delights ' in mystery. . . Investigation of the Tammany administration ' in New York city showed that the Tiger has been careful to keep within the limits decency set by a very easy-going city. Tammany government can get by in New York provided it is not insolently predatory. The lieutenant-governor of Wash ington can have anything in reason he desires in Oregon, outside of St. Helens, where the traffic officer Is vigilant. A matter of fifty miles an hour might be overlooked, else where, but not in the Columbia county town. The Blue Nose beat the Elsie of Gloucester in the "fishermen's race yesterday and every codfish this side of the line will wear mourning for a year. Perhaps the "cap'ens" and barnacles will be able to ex plain, and perhaps not." A woman of 100 has received two proposals of marriage from men who are her seniors, from which it will be inferred that it will be all her own fault If she doesn't quit her giddy ways and settle down. Home-canned asparagus caused a death at Walla Walla. This may happen anywhere. Yet thousands of women have put up and eaten asparagus and live. The fault ts with the canner. It's pathetic about those poor po licemen. No - sooner are they com fortably settled in routine than someone suggests shaking them up. They lead a restless existence, at the best. The communist demonstration at the American embassy in Paris' gave the French government an oppor tunity of a round-up which should not have been wasted. Do not the good people of Lynd hurst, N. J., know that one duty of the modern teacher Is to teach the children the latest fashions and to be the models? Since the easy way to a man's heart is through his stomach, there is something worth while to his wife doing at the food show. It is most regrettable that ex Emperor Charles cannot receive in person the drubbing that is being administered to his troops. The new regulations governing wine and beer for medical purposes make a case of beer the unit for a prescription. Oh. doc! The proposed strike is speedily becoming more unpopular .with the unions than ever it was with the general public. Halloween will be along presently and all can imitate the klan in sheets and pillow eases. Lenine's "If we fail again we'll all be hanged" is a poor slogan for a starving people. The farmer Is confronted with dollar wheat and cannot charge It to a labor board. To paraphrase an old saying: On again,, off again, gone again, Alameda. What bothers the cop Is whether he will be in the salt or pepper shaker. How many times have the Port land police been shaken up this year? The Listening Post. By DeWltt Harry. SAXOPHONE andbanjo have routed drum and tambourine as religious music, "Joss hymns feature the street corner revivalist trade. Time was when the Salvation Army controlled the business, but competition has changed the concerts. The public demands the latest frills or refuses to stop and listen in Portland. "Throw a quarter on the drum" has nearly faded into the limbo of things unknown, so far as this city is concerned. Nowadays the pedes trian Is not solicited by the workers for small change, they want pledges. Carefully worked out systems of tithing have assured, the campaigners a steady source of Income and the result has been the establishment of regular headquarters with well drilled staffs of workers. "Jesus. Light of the World." is the message seen in letters of five yards high each night. A huge elec tric sign surmounted by the star of Bethlehem flashes the story so that thousands may read. The "down-and-out" nomads who used to swell the bands of old are gone. In their stead are skilled musicians and an orchestra, occupying- the place of honor In an especially built automo bile. The SDell-blnders are well dressed, prosperity radiates from them as they testify as to the man ner of their saving. To halt the hurrying pedestrian jazz has evidently been found more effective. The hymns of old are yet sung, but the undercurrent retrain differs. Negro melodies featured camp meetings for years; they did not hold themselves to the solemn chants of the white churches, and the organs were likely to find some semblance of syncopation in the staid music. There is no quostlon but that muslo accomplishes Its purpose. It is the state of mind that is to be con sidered. Princess Dahlia, prominent in the court of Queen Rose, is holding the center of the stage. This fair flower, while past her prime season, is yet one of the most attractive features of the garden. Dahlia farms that dot the suburbs are riots of color and gardens about the homes pay this gorgeous blossom tribute. Portland Is the Rose City all the year round, but dahlia demands her share of attention at this season. The reputation of Portland as a dahlia center Is becoming known, for here Is found the Ideal In climate, soil and culture. The result is that several thousand exceptional blooms of this brilliant and many-formed family owe their birth to the genius of local breeders. Flower-lovers are beginning to realize that their gardens are in complete without a few choice bulbs for fall showing. A olimate so ex ceptional that nearly all manner of bulbs, from the moat delicate tulips of Holland1 to the hardier daffodils, find it stimulates tbem to super production. certainly should be given encouragement. . Hundreds of resi dents of the city who have mastered this lesson are now visiting the dahlia farms, seeing the plants In blossom, and selecting their 1922 stock. One of The Oregonlan's reporters is writing a series of "hobbles" of well-known men of the city. Cap tain No. 765, who Is one of Bill Strandborg's Union-avenue skippers, known in private life as Fred Gos nell. Is one of the hobbies persons In Portland. He goes In for pets canaries, dogs, chickens and assorted birds and animals. When not jerk ing the bell rope and collecting 8 cent fares Fred studies livestock. He tells of a marvelous canary at home, the bird that is so happy that it will wake up In the night and sing; of his longing for a real dog for the Gosnell son and heir, aged 7; of his knowledge of sing ing birds and the substitutions made by Importing firms; of his recogni tion as an authority en poultry oy the experts of Oregon Agricultural oollege. Fred knows his hobby, but is ham pered In fully developing It. "Tou see I have to stand on this platform all day." he explained as the car crossed the bridge, "and I do not have the time or the neces sary cash. What pets I have are of the best stock, they are the onlj kind, and I wish that I could get the right kind of a dog, but I don't want to have a mongrel. My son just has to have a dog right away. It's the only way to rear a boy." Remember the ostrich feathers we used to see on hats? And the farms they started to raise the birds for Dlunws. and then the feather boas? Stvlea change and the ostrich I feather is not at the peak It en Joyed a few years ago. Aigrette hunters have been forced to restrain their Impetuosity and women have turned to other birds. Right at pres ent the rooster Is receiving more than his share of attention. Long, droopy black tail feathers are all the rage. cascading off the brim of black felt hats in unexpected places, coyly nes tling against alabaster necks, tick ling the ears of Innocent bystanders or knocking their glasses off. The pride of the barnyard Is likely in mourning for his plumage. e e Simplicity features the touring equipment of most of the patrons ot the municipal automobile camp, but occasionally there Is an exceptional arrival. Sunday one of this kind was noted; a costly touring car drove In and the owner began pitching a huge tent. "We are only side-shows," ex plained one of a group of lows Fordsters. "This life is a circus and It Is the fellows like that who have the 'big top' and the three rings. However, we have Just as much fun and sot half the trouble. Our menageries and freaks are all pari of the performance on the touring lots.' " ' a Quite a furore was caused In a local beauty parlor yesterday when one of the glrlsrefused to marcel a male would-be patron's hair. Ac cording to a woman who was being treated in one of the private rooms the man insisted on being served, was much worried over the fact that the curl was coming out of his hair. He could hardly believe that he would not be treated in a woman's shop and stated that he had never beiore met a similar difficulty. V Those Who Come and Go. Tales of Folks at the Hotels. A new route between. The Dalles and Dufur, or rather a change in one secuun oi ins proposed route, which is part of the The Dalles-Columbia river highway. Is responsible for a delegation coming to Portland. The delegation landed at the Imperial yesterday, preparatory to consulting with the state highway commission tomorrow. There Is a location now which has been adopted and on which the commission is about to open con tracts for grading at the present meeting. The delegation has discov ered what It considers a better route, striking off from Sufert, and which follows a water grade instead of crossing two summit! and Including some 6 per cent grades. The newly discovered location has a maximum grade of t per cent. So desirous are the Wasco county people of having the new location that they are will ing to have the asked-for contracts held up for the time being and offer to bear the expense of surveying the water-grade route. "I would be surprised if the beef cattle industry would die out." dole fully commented Walter M. Pierce of Union county. "I wonder If beef is really a necessary part of diet? Dur ing and since the war there has been a great change In the diet of Amer icans. There Is an Increased con sumption of chickens, oysters, vege tables, veal and rabbits, due largely to Mr. Hoover's telling the people during the war to eat less meat, so that more meat could be sent to the soldiers. Then, too, the consumption of beef, per capita, has shown a re markable decrease. Beef cattle may not be the necessity which we have supposed. In France rabbits are largely used; the soldier boys say they, saw the rabbits everywhere. 1 am particularly Interested In beef cattle, for It has been my business raising them and preparing them for market. The cattle business la in a bad way throughout the nation." O. G. Babcock of Senora, Tex., Is In the city and will probably remain until after the livestock exposition. Mr. Babcock Is with the bureau of entomology and specialises In goats sheep and cattle. He has been in vestigating sheep parasites affect ing the wool growth and during the livestock show will probably give an illustrated lecture on the subject. While the sheep and cattlemen in Oregon are not very harmonious, Mr. Babcock says that in Texas they get along well together and range to gether without clashing. Ranches of 15 sections are not uncommon, with the entire range enclosed In coyote proof fences. There is at Oakland. Cal., a fac tory which manufactures aluminum ware. This plant employs at present about 200 men. Oakland was select ed as second choice by the people back of the factory. They had their eye on Portland and had intended locating in this city, but are said to have failed to secure co-operation from Portland people, and because of this Portland lost the payroll. W. C. Drolet, general manager of the fac tory at Oakland, is registered at the Hotel Oregon. When there is a meeting at -Cham-poeg, a gathering of the pioneers or a meeting of the historical society, P. H. D'Arcy of Salem Is always pres ent. Mr. D'Arcy, former mayor of Salem, has been In Portland attend ing the meeting of the Oregon His torical society. He came to Portland with his parents in the '50s and a few years later moved to Salem, where he has lived In the same house ever since, the same being located on lot No. 1, block No. 1, precinct No. 1, ward No. 1. In the days when Sumpter was a rip-roaring mining town and was ex periencing a great boom, E. P. Berg man was a pioneer merchant and hav ing great faith In the future of the mining camp he erected a fine build ing. Later Sumpter experienced a slump and Mr. Bergman went to Baker, where he has remained to this day. having a grocery business. Mr. Bergman Is among the arrivals at the Imperial. "There Is an Increasing demand for sheep." reports O. B. Robertson, mem ber of the state senate and flockmas ter. who Is In the city on business. "However, the prices offered are be low the cost of production. A great many sheep have changed ownership recently but the price Is too low." i Members of the state senate In town yesterday were A. W. 'Norblad of Astoria, Alex uaroiiette oi aiarion and O. B. Robertson of Sherman, Gilliam and Wheeler counties. Rep resentatives Sheldon of Jackson and Beals of Tillamook were also among those present. A by-product of the orchards In Hood River valley which Is quite important Is looked after by C. J. Calkins, who with his wife Is at the Hotel Oregon. Mr. Calkins Is man ager of the big cider and clnegar factory at Hood River. There Is a town in Lane county named after George H. Wendling, registered at the Hotel Oregon. Mr. Wendling, whose home Is in San Francisco, is a lumberman and he is in the north on one of his semi-annual business trips. Mr. and Mrs. E. P. Mahaffey are In town from Bend. Mr. Mahaffey, who Is In the banking business, is about as well known In Portland as he Is the hub of central Oregon. Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Pruyn of Hepp ner are In the city. Mr. Pruyn is manager of the light and power com pany In that town. O. C. Sether of Glendale, Or., where he is in the timber business. Is at the Hotel Oregon. H. Bains, assistant manager of Shlpherd Springs, Is registered at the Hotel Oregon. Georgians a Fropeller Crntt. SALEM. Or., Oct. 20. (To the Edi tor.) Was there a sternwheel boat by the name of Georgians running between Portland and Astoria in the year of 1US or 1917? HARRY BRAXDLOFF. The river steamer Georgians Is a propeller boat, not a stertrwheeler. She was built In 1914 and has been operated between Portland and As toria ever since then by the Harklns Transportation company. Not Act of Snne Men. Wilmington (Del.) Morning News. The possibilities of a strike like that proposed by the railway men are so great, so fraught wth peril, that It Is almost impossible to believe that any body of sane indvlduals would start a struggle of such dimensions at this time Let Workers Take Loaves. Too. Charleston (3. C.) News and Courier. Pretty much everybody In the Unit ed States and the world at large has had to take losses In one way or an other and no good reason has been suggested why railroad employes should continue to draw wages fixed when everything was at the peak. , HOW PRESS VIEWS STRIKE CALL j Leading Newspaper Oplnloa From Criticism to Fierce Denunciation Proper Trnat Larking;. I It may be that the brotherhoods are Justified In not trusting the railroad companies, but the case rests with the authority of the labor bor-rd, created by act of congress. Why cannot the brotherhoods trust the board com posed as It Is and why cannot they rely on the fairness of the final ar biters, the American people? Should Wait Xor Board's Actio a. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. The demand for reduction of wages must come before the labor board for hearing and decision If the law is complied with, and If the railroad em ployes strike without waiting for the board's action they will do so In vlo latlon of the law, which requires un interrupted service as a condition precedent to a standing before the board. Public Kst la Sympathy. Rochester (N. Y.) Democrat and Chronicle. The railroad men should know that they would not have the sympathy of the public in such action at this time. Not only would the public be the prln cipal sufferer, and therefore be an tag onlsed, but it feels that no other class of industry in the country has been so favored in recent years as the railroad men nave been. Both Sides Need lestss. New York World. It Is apparent that both sides are In need of a lesson, and one administered short of a starvation ot the cities and the breakdown of all Industry which a general strike would mean. The railroads have acted badly. The unions have committed a hideous blunder In calling a strike, particularly at this stage of the quarrel. As Stupid as It Is Foolhardy. Louisville (Ky.i Courier-Journal. The strike is as stupid as it Is fool hardy. The ralroad workers, having been successful In the exigencies ot the war needs of the nation to force their will upon congress in the pas sage of the Adamaon law, seem pos sessed of the delusion that their will must be law for the rest of time. Crime la Present Circumstances. New York Times. The very railroad employes who have voted a general strike on Octo ber 30 must know that their project Is mad. At any time the complete tying up ot the railroad systems of the United States would be an outrage; under present circumstances it would be a crime. Menace to Public. New York Herald. Upon the general operation and un obstructed traffic of the roads depend the work, the food, the very existence of the American public. To put the ralroads out of business In such cir cumstances would be a national men ace as destructive In peace as It would have been fatal In war. Warning to Rail Executives. Des Moines (la.) Register. If without going to the labor board the railroads now force an Immediate reduction of wages and the country is rushed Into a bitter labor strike, there ts going to be enough justification for the strikers to make the debate very hot Strike Against 13 Per Cent Reduction. New Orleans Times Picayune. If the strike comes, let It be plainly understood everywhere that It Is against the 1! per cent reduction of wages from the war peak and such alterations of war-time "working con ditions" as were ordered by the labor board. Railroads Not Alarmed. Syracuse N. Y.) Post-Standard. The railroad owners of the country are convinced that they can't continue to pay the war scale, and they would in many cases prefer that their prop erties should be idle for weeks or months to a continuance of the pree ent conditions. Public Interests Must Be Protected. Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch. The authority and power of the gov ernment to protect the public welfare In the face ot a serious menace Is un disputed. Under tho authority vested in It by the people It must not, will not. fail In any emergency which may suddenly develop. Strikers Cant Count on Public. Detroit Free Press. People at large are not satsfled that Irnn... n.t.llnn u. nrlr.r. V. i. r.l... ances justifying extreme action and are likely to have small patience. Without sympathy and support of the nation the railroad workers cannot count on winning a strike. Tends to Increase Peaslmlsm. Baltimore Sun. On the very heels of the unemploy ment conference the threatened strike has a moral as well as a material sig nificance. It tends t Increase cynical pessmlsm and distrust at a time when optimism and faith are needed for re. construction. Fight by Government. Springfield (Mass.) Republican. The probability that a Btrlke would encounter the blighting effect of a public disapproval and would be fought by the government In case the situation took an extreme turn only strengthens the presumption that the Issue will not be carried that far. Matter for Matnal Arrnnaement. Pittsburg (Pa.) Dispatch. Every sensible man realizes that there should be a readjustment, but reasonable men know It ts a matter for mutual arrangement, not for at tempted compulsion or coercion, Invit ing common disaster. Threat Will Be Abandoned. Hartford (Conn.) Oourant The Courant doea not believe the threatened strike will be accom plished. It credits the leaders with too much intelligence to attempt it at this critical time. Country Can't Afford a Strike. Cleveland Plain Dealer. The country cannot afford to endure a general railroad strike. The rail roads cannot afford it. The workers themselves can afford It least of all. Dominant Millions Cant Be Bullied. Worcester (Mam.) Telegram. The dominant millions can be tricked for a time, but they can never be bullied when they discern the bullying and the bully. Would Defy Workers to Strike. Burlngton (Vt.) Free Press. If we had our way we would tell the brotherhoods to strike and see where it will land their organization and its arbitrary ruthlessness. Must Not Be Tolerated. Albany (N. Y.) Knickerbocker Press The simple tact in regard to such a strike as is proposed la that it is as Intolerable as it ought to be unthink able. Only One Outcome. The Salt Lake City Tribune. There can only be one outcome In a war between the brotherhoods and the people of the United States. Can't Pat Whole Bnrden on Labor. Wheeling (W. Va.) Register. Both railroad .wages and railroad rates must be lowered. I More Truth Than Poetry. By James J. Montague. SURVIVAL OF" THE VTNFITTIiST. Although the pterodactyl. So scientists report. W'as patient, kind and tractile A model beast, in abort Though no 111 will be cherished. Hla passing was ordained. But when ha drooped and perished The wicked flea remained. The dinosaur, by habit. Preferred the simple life Eschewing, like the rabbit. , All violence and strife. The kindest Instincts filled him; His soul was pure and shy; Yet evolution killed him And spared the vicious fly. The auk was meek and lowly And placid and discreet. His time devoted wholly. To hunting things to eat. Yet when extinct they found him On Onalaska's shore. Mosquitoes swarmed around him As thickly as before. W bow to evolution. Far be It from a bard To hold this Institution la cynlo disregard But had mere man attempted. So vast an enterprise. He wouldn't have exempted Mosquitoes, fleas and flies', see rearefnt. England la not going to have any trouble with the Scotch. They're too busy building distilleries for the American trade. see A Rnah Job. They'll have to hurry up and scale Mount Everest if they expect to get there ahead of the price of anthra cite. e e e Tonah on Kansas. Now the prohibition agents are go ing to forbid the sale of boose mak ings, which will destroy the value ot this year's corn crop. (Copyright by the Bell Syndicate. Tne.i Burroughs Nature Club. Copyrlsht. Honahton-Mlfflla Co. Can Ton Answer These Questions r 1. How high can an eagle fly 2. Is there any nourishment In water? 8. Does the pocket gopher use Its cheek pouches to carry dirt In? Answers In tomorrow's nature notes. e a e Answers to Previous Questions. 1. How many kinds ot fishes are there? In North America we have 8.000 known species, some of which have more than one variety. Thirteen thousand species of fishes have been counted for the world. e e 2. How fast can antelopt run? In bursts, very fast, up to 32 miles an hour, probably. The antelope is considered the speediest of any North American ' game animal. This gait cannot be maintained for any great distance, however, and the creature has a trick of stopping after dart ing away from danger to look back and reconnoitre. e e e . 3. I have a small turtle sent me from West Virginia, about five Inches long, oval shell, prettily marked on back. It stays In the shade under veg etation, and I never see it eat any thing, byt It drinks -water. What ehall I feed "it, and how care for it next winter? Probably a common box turtle. It eats chiefly vegetable matter, ber ries, larvae of Insects and some earth worms and slugs. Often lives for years In captivity. Give the captive specimen a box of earth and dead leaves, down cellar, at the approach of cold weather. It needs no food In winter. In Other Days. Twenty-five Tears Ago. From The Orefnnlsn of Octcher VS. 180. The firxt appearance of what is hoped will become a permanent insti tution, namely, the Portland sym phony orchestra, will take place at the Marquam Grand on Friday eve ning next. New fall styles decree that gowns for the debutante need not neces sarily be white and they are seen in all colors of the rainbow. Some time during the first week in November the three new mammoth elet'trlo locomotives ot the Baltimore & Ohio line will be put in uso. Sleeves are very unimportant af fairs In the season's new dance frocks, being for the most part a mere continuance of the lace or flower drapery that decks the dccol- letage. Fifty Tears Ago, From The Orexonlan of Octnher 2.V 1ST!. The first narrow gauge locomotive on the t'acuio coast haa heen con structed at the Pacific Iron Works, San Francisco, for the Seattle Coal company. The United States depository at Olympla has been closed by order ot the secretary of the treasurer and the accounts transferred to the First Na tional bank at Portland. On Monday the council's committee on streets and public property opened the bids for furnishing material and erecting the building to be used as a police courthouse. Jnil, etc. Treatment of Bust and Mlldrvr. PORTI-AND. Oct. 24. (To the Edi tor.) What Is the cauire, prevention and cure of rut in hollyhocks and mildew on roiws? Some of my rose bu.hes, the climbers especially, have mildewed for the past two summers. What should be done with the climb ing roses this fall or spring If they have mildewed during the preceding summer? KM MA WHITMAN. Florists say that the cause of rust and mildew are similar. Both arc fungus growths which are fostered to a great extent by climatic condi tions and are different to combat. Chill rains or lawn spray on tender shoots la said to help the disease get a start on plants. Powdered sulphur sprinkled on the foliage of affected plants while the dew Is on Is recom mended as a remedy, although It is not always efficacious. Cutting back of the rose and hollyhocks In the fall and mulching of the ground Is also recommended. Climbing roses should also be cut back as much as possible In the fall without destroy ing the bloom wood for the next year. Spraying of the' climbers In the fall with a strong solution of a standard ltme-sulphur spray will help destroy the spores clinging to them. Sulphur and arsenate of lead, mixed In the proiportion of two parts of sulphur to one of the arsenate may be used advant.:;reouflly to combat rust or mildew and Insects at one application.