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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 12, 1921)
THE MORXIXG OREGOXTAX. WEDNESDAY, JAXTART 12. 1021 STRICT ECONOMY EVERYWHERE IS URGED BY THE GOVERNOR Enactment of Legislation Curbing Growth of Japanese Colonies in Oregon Also Is Urged Upon Legislature Continuation of Airplane Forest Patrol and Bond House Regulation Favored. SALEM, Or.. Jan. 11 (Special.) The governor' message was as follows: Member JT the- Legislators: Grave responsibilities rest upon the state board of control be made responsible for aft budget estimates, and that each department and branch of the government be required to sub mit their estimates to this board a sufficient time in advance of the bl- this Slst Oregon legislative assembly. . permit a full examination of all - ,rnAj fnt tn a1Hnttnp TOO claim Vile hoard of control should will take into serious and full account i prune these estimates as It deems It is deemed essential, and the parti the gravity of these responsibilities. necessary for the best interests of of wisdom, to establish an Industry that will meet them with onlv the the state. After the board has passed ft the plant which will keep the men best welfare of the state at heart, j upon the estimates tbey should be from being idle, which will do away 1 I ii.iu wan me secretary 01 stale to' mvcnouj v, ajjiuij. ..."0 money tor the maintenance or sucn : temporarily acting as warden, and his successor, X.. H. Compton, the present warden, vast improvements have been made at the place, largely through betterment funds derived from work at the Institution Itself. I will be pleased to have the members of the legislature investigate the institution no. ascertain what has been done. o.i th-i will nrmlv tnemseives 10 1 ii;ea wnn tne S'-oreL.trv their tasks' with a patriotism, a vigor compilation in budget form for pre and an earnestness which will mean nothing but a better, a happier and a more prosperous condition for our people. , Under onr constitution the gov ernor shall give to the legislative as sembly Information touching upon the condition of the-state. and recommend such measures as he shall judge to be expedient. ' We have been passing through an era of great -prosperity Which has re flected itself generally throughout the state. More recently has come a sentation to your body. Thie change in tne ouaget system wouia give to the legislature the benefit of the judgment of the members of the board of control, who by experience are familiar with the needs of the state. This would necessarily place a heavy men as may be employed therein, and wnicn, at the same time, will not compete with outside labor and which, as a deeply Important consid eration, will allow money to be earned bv the men themselves to assist in the support of their wives additional burden upon the members . and children who often become a charge on public charity or the phil- unmropy oi tneir tnends. After true consideration recommen dation is made that an appropriation be provided for. the Initial Investment in a box factory at the prison. Lum bermen engaged in the manufacture of boxes have expressed their sym- pamy witn the movement, it is a well known fact that the supply of ooxes is Inadequate to meet the de mands of our enormous fruit Industry of this board, and amule provision should be made for providing the board with necessary expert and cler ical help to give this matter the close attention which its importance would warrant. Our budget would then be i- ,.r!ee innph nr seme ot 1 a njeiget n substance as wen as.m our leading products, and many look ; name, and 1 am convinced that the ahead to the coming biennium with : results attained from this plan would none too optimistic a view. I would ' more than Justify any expense that not bo one to assist In the creation may be connected with it. of a psychological panic, nor. on tne e iinancia.aiiairs snraio and these may be manufactured at a other hand, would I advise that pusi-, jectea to tne closest scruuuj. r.rorr minimum expense and the maximum ness be transacted with a feeling that I just demand should bo met as far as , o( profit fof tne institution, and at tne conditions wnicn " " o.. l" ."V W"," tne same time be sold at a reasonable during the past few years are to be and unnecessary demand should be eest to the consumer. This plan wun u 8iwai r i our dutv to erravely we and" oroDhetic mVer as we may have penditures should be placed upon the bei n endowed with by our Creator, soundest Business basis it is possroie and in our solemn acts of legislation to attain, and no more firm nor sure reflect well upon possible contin- foundation can be found for the btisi- geneies as well as upon conditions a" "ess structure than a budget care- SALIEXT POINTS IN GOVERNOR 0LCOTTS ANNUAL MES SAGE TO OREGON LEGISLATURE, PRESENTED AT JOINT SESSION OF HOUSE AND SENATE. , pe arm unnecessary uemanu suouiu oc e8s, to the consumer. This plan eliminated. I submit this to you fori WOUId seem to o(er happy Mlution elgh careful thought, Expenses of stale of the-prison employment problem slon government are pcrwing rapidly. Ex-J wjthout coming in unfair competition they now confront us. I think i saealc the common mind when I say that our era of high prices is pass ing: that I feel there may be still a greater slump in business: that em ployment conditions may be less sat isfactory; that there aro possibilities of Industrial decline and a smaller return for our agricultural and- .hor ticultural products, and for the prod ucts of our forests arid "streams. We trust that prosperity will . remain, that each of onr citizens will have his fair share of it. hut' 1" bell eve we should look ahead to ether possibilities and attempt to adjust our acts on the basis of such contingencies." With faith in the sound, hard headed business sense of the Ameri can people. 1 must say 1 "lodk'fo the future with the utmost' confidence. I believe that business, which is now going through a re'c'on'stf ucflbh pe riod, will soon readjust iteerf. and the nwivnfritv ,f thin state will con tinue to flow to its citizens." ' B'u't this is a time whe avoid enactn micht tend to unsettle rather than Stabilize industry. Government Cost Increased. , The people of the state by their ballots have increased the cost of state government largely in excess of that allowed under the 6 per cent limitation amendment. Measures adopted by the people at the special election last May carried heaVy tax provisions, and the expenses of these must be met. Burdens of taxation, already heavy, save been augmented to a great degree, but it removes none of our responsibilities in seeing that our institutions and necessary ad juncts of state government continue to operate efficiently and well. You. as legislators, by the practice Of economy in your appropriations, bv a careful scanning of Items for those that are unnecessary and un wise, may vory materially help the situation. The exe'cMllvi arid 'admin istrative arms of government must fulfill the'r responsibilities to the people, after you have made appro priations for them, by a sound and economical administration of affairs. based upon efficient management and Judicious expenditure. I for one wish to assure you that it will be the aim of the executive department to ever keen foremost the thought that state business must be conducted on a bust Bess basis and under strict business management. With a thought Of possible assist ance to you I have asked a committee composed or persons, well veTsed in the subject to ascertain - possible sources of additional revenues from Indirect taxation. The direct tax against real property and Improve ments I understand furnishes about 75 per cent of our state revenue ami It is proper and right that those who can afford to pay their just share of governmental expenses, but are not now compelled to do so, should be assessed In a fair measure for that purpose. The findings of the com mittee which I have mentioned will be available to members of the legis lature at all times for such assistance as it may give them in their efforts. Oregon, being essentially an agri cultural state, I bespeak your con aideration and help In ascertaining ways and means to bring the products of the farm closer to the consumer. Some well devised move of this sort would be of vast benefit both to the Jieople on our farms and to the popu ation of the cities. While the people rejected the state market coiumls alon bill. I do not consider that as a repudiation of the Idea that there should be a more direct means of disposing of the products of the farm, and logislatlon tending to curb exces sive profits In between the producer and consumer will be a decided boon to mankind. 1 need not mention to you that it to a well defined legislative Inter pretation In this state that the 6 per cent limitation amendment means not only that no greater tax levy shall be made from year to year by the tax levying oouy man an Increase of 6 per cent over the preceding year, but It means as well that the legislature ehal! confine Its appropriations with in the available revenues. I shall deem It my constitutional duty as executive to disapprove any Items that may be in excess of the 6 "per cent limitation. While I feel assured that no member of your body would take any other view of the amendment than the interpretation that has been given it by all legislatures, still I reel I would be remiss if I. as well, did not state my position in that re srard so that It may be clearly un derstood at the outset of the ses sion. Bndget System Dlsraased. Perhaps one of your gravest re sponsibilities is to deal with the financial system of our common wealth. I have long believed that the basis of an economical administra tion ot state affairs is the budget system. We have had such a system In operation In this state since 1915, with splendid results. Hut there are weaknesses in the system which I desire to call to your attention, and al.-o. in turn, to present what I con sider a remedy. Our budget is prepared on the fol lowing basis: The head of each de partment, institution or state activity estimates his needs for the coming year and. except in the case of state Institutions coming under the board of control, submits these estimates directly to the secretary of state He. in turn, compiles them in budget form for submission to the legislature. The secretary of state has nothing to do with these estimates save to act in a purely ministerial capacity and do the mechanical wSrk of com piling. Kstimates covering the state institutions are submitted to the board of control by the various in stitution heads, and before such es timates finally nass into th hin.i of the secretary of state for inclusion fully prepared under some responsi- oie guiding head. InMtltutloiMl Support Scanned. The first charge upon the public finances should be the care of those unfortunate wards of the state who through some mental or other defect are restrained against their wilL While continually confronted with the growth of the state and the con sequent increase In the number of such wards. Oregon has liberally sup plied wants for such Institutions in the past, and 1 hav,e no fear that the legislature now convening will do other than extend to our Institutions all financial support within its means. Realizing that the 6 per cent limita tion amendment still confronts us, the board of control In passing upon budgets for these institutions has carefully eliminated everything that it deems unnecessary and unessential. Our first wish is for ample main tenance so that the unfortunates may - , , , . i ue piupeiiv leu anu CJoLIieu. kivwi w iJSRK,tJa. hTM Proper medical attention and all of H. . Irr.T ,., the necessities required to make them as happy and comfortable as possible under the conditions into which cir cumstances have forced them. I would urge that these men, wo men and children be made your first care above all other considerations in the expenditure of public funds, and I will guarantee for the board of con trol and the Institutional heads care ful and conservative expenditure of these funds. There has been some talk of erec tion of an additional capitol building. I appreciate to the fullest extent the crowded and cramped quarters in which our departments are housed, and the handicaps under which they suffer because of such crowding, and every consistent effort should b made to alleviate such conditions. But, while we are attempting to care inr youthful offenders In a training scnool, the physical plant of which does not reflect credit-to-the state; while the institution for the feeble minded and the state hospitals for tne insane are crowded to capacity. and while other Institutions are suf fering for want of room. I am of the opinion first consideration should be given these institutions. Boys' Training School Eyed. The boys' training school I consider one of the most important of all of the' institutions coining under state support. Here is laid the foundation for present reform of future crim inals, and present conditions show us the economic fallacy of leaving un done any step which may result In turning the youthful offender into a good citizen. The physical plant at the training school is hopelessly ob solete. The building Is antiquated, the plan of the institution is medie val and the name of "training school" attached to it is without apol ogy. With the exception of a few successful but limited attempts to provide some vocational training for the boys, nothing is done to prepare them to battle with life by the use of their bands In an honest trade. Aca demic instruction is given. It to true, and to a measure in a satisfactory degree; but the instruction received is but poor material upon which to remodel a life started under such unfortuitous circumstances and such lnipractical environment. The percentage of criminals in our penitentiary who graduated from re- lorm schools is so startlingly high ai 10 leave tne inierence that perhaps. rather than reforming, these schools breed criminals. - Such a school rre- sents all of the aspects of an eco nomic waste, it we send these boys into tne worm rrom the training school, only to receive them back Into the penitentiary, the state's burden merely continues and grows from year to year. Aside from anv humanitarian standpoint, aside from the social fallacy which permits these boys to become criminals when a large percentage of them at least might be reclaimed, it is a sheer financial extravagance to herd these boys into a cavernous, cloomv insti tution, practically as devoid of hope as the structure is of sunlight, there to let crime breed and fester and develop. I feel that one of the gravest responsibilities that rosts upon this legislature: that rests upon the people of the state; that rests upon every man and every woman of us wherein any responsibility at all might lie, is In the future of those 140 odd little souls confined In that institution and the thousands of other little souls who will succeed them thore as the years pass on. 1 will not attempt to outline in detail hero what steps should be taken to remedy the situation. They have been outlined before and the last legislature provided for an in spection of the school with the Idea in view of securing recommendations as to an entire revolution in the scheme of handling and In the phvsi-' cal plant of the institution. I will pass that phase by saying that now we make scant provision for voca tional training for these boys; we make no attempt at segregation; but superficial provision is made for gathering data as to the history of individual cases, and as the physical piani s'unas ioaay tne incorrigiiues and those for whom there is a chance become as one under the millstone that Is grinding them down, and where one actual Criminal enters the institution, more leave it. I believe the state should rehabili tate its training school and give to the thousands of homeless or worse than homeless boys who will sooner or later become unwilling inmates there a school that will be a school indeed. It should be a school which would produce honest, self-reliant citizens, rather than hardened and hard-boiled criminals, and a school which instead of being reared on the foundations ot false economv and false pretenses, would be reared on with free labor. It is believed sound sense that whatever industry is established should be an industry drawing upon a native raw material and not necessitating shipments of raw materials from abroad or from another state, at a heavy first cost, and with high -freight - charges.- - -A modest equipment should furnish em ployment the year around, for at least 1U0 inmates of the Institution, and the balance could be provided em ployment in- other lines largely available now. War Declared on Waste. The plan Is to -.entirely eliminate waste by delivering the raw logs in side the prison walls, there to be cut into box shooks, anil such other prod ucts as found feasible, such as chair rounds and numerous other small ar ticles essential to institutional work. The slab wood would be used as fuel by the institutions themselves, with the result there would be no waste. I am advised by those closely in touch with prison management that such a plant could be operated In a manner which would require the em Dloved nrlsoner to first earn a suffi cient amount to pay for his own main tenance cost to the state and that over and above this amount certain sums, the product of his labor, could be set aside monthly or weekly to be disbursed in the support of his dependents. Such a plan would largely, if not completely, solve the year-around problem of idleness at the peniten tiary; It would give the man himself something to work for In a' gainful occupation, and in addition would remove from the rolls of public char ity the names of hundreds of inno cents, who are victims of a misstep made by their husband and father. These latter are the people who pay the heavy penalty for man's nris-i deeds. Seldom, if ever, does the man himself suffer comparable to the suf ferings of the women and children who must move and live in society at large, ostracised because of their roved ones anti-social tendencies, and further suffering under the stig ma of having to depend upon public funds or private charity tor support, This legislature has an ODDortun- lty to take a great forward step by the expenditure of no great sum of money and I strongly request that you give most sympathetic consid eration to this proposal as it will be further outlined to you by those in touch with the prison management. Prison Flax Plant Viewed. We still have the flax -plant at the prison in operation. As an innusir it does not fit prison needs, because it gives employment at only certain times of the year and then to only a limited number of men. I desire to report to you that, after due and careful consideration, it was decided that to further allow con victs in the flax fields for the pur pose of pulling flax was economic ally unsound. As a result, during the 1920 flax season, it was insisted that the flax growers provide for the pull ing of flax by free labor. This was done with a great degree of success and a minimum of comprint both from growers and pullers. The state has largely done Its duty in regard to the flax Industry. It has demonstrated beyond a doubt that flax may be grown here success fully. The time has come to place flax on the basis of every other agri cultural product. The wheat grower, the prune raiser and the numerous other men engaged In agricultural pursuits receive and ask for no sub sidy from the state. Thtv are re quired to employ their own harvest hands and meet their own labor prob lems without the assistance of con vict labor. I am convinced that the place for convicted men is inside the walls of the penitentiary, so far as they may be kept there, and work ing them on the outside, save where it is absolutely necessary, is falla cious In principle and demoralizing in practice. I would continue the operation of the prison flax plant to handle the crop on the inside of the walls, but would do so only until such time as there has become established and in actual operation a privately owned plant of sufficient magnitude and soundness to give assurance mat an of the flax crop will be taken care of through that medium. When such time comes I believe the prison flax plant should be discontinued and the state realize as much as it may from the sale of the plant. I suggest that this legislature authorize the board of control to take such steps at any time such a plant is actually In work ing operation and ready to handle the crop. My reason for this is based upon the belief that those who would be willing to finance a new private vonturo may be standing aloof, un willing to come in and - compete against a statje plant If it were written upon the statute books that whenever private capital shows Its Kood faith toward the industry that the state retire from it, an impetus would be given to private capital to develop the Industry here on a large scale. It is important that we enact laws for the encouragement of pri vate investments, and I believe such a law, granting this discretionary power to the board of control, might have a highly salutary effect on bringing a material amount of new capital Into Oregon. Prison Wood Camp Discussed. In conjunction with the statement that wherever possible convicts at the ncnitentlarv. should remain with in prison walls, I wish to call your attention to what has been done at the prison wood camn. Several years ago the board of control entered Into a contract for the cutting of a large acreage of stumpage to furnish fuel for the state Institutions, and to carry out this delayed contract the present wood camp was established near Aumsville in November, 1919. Previously a camp had been conduct ed :n another location, on tne rec Strict economy in all matters pertaining to state government in order that appropriations and expenditure of funds may be kept within the S per cent limitation. Consideration of all estimates covering state institutions before being presented to legislature by some responsible body having an Intimate knowldge of the needs of the state. First charge upon public finances should be the care of unfortu nate wards of the state, who through some mental or other defect are restrained against their will. Rehabilitation of state training school for boys so as to give to the thousands of homeless or worse than homeless boys a school that will be a school Indeed. Careful considerat'on by the legislature of a proposal to establish within the Oregon state prison an Industrial plant which will fur nish employment for inmates as well as assist in defraying the cost of operating the institution. Enactment of legislation guaranteeing that the state will retire from the flix industry when private capital shows its willingness . to come into Oregon, invest its funds and develop the Industry. Enactment of laws compelling men convicted of the crime of non-support to do something for the support of their wives and dependent children. Appeal to citizens of the state to assist in keeping a watchful eye on persons paroled or discharged from state hospitals In order -that they may obtain employment and thereby earn funds sufficient to provide for their wants. - More drastic laws dealing with persons who attempt to assist, or assist in the escape of, inmates of state institutions.- Careful consideration of legislation which will tend to reduce .the dangers from motor vehicle traffic. Enactment of legislation curbing the growth of Japanese colo niejs in Oregon to preserve our lands and our resources for the peo ple of our own race and nationality. Approval of any amendments which will tend to make more se cure prohibition in Oregon. . Consideration of road legislation, and above all the co-ordination of the lawmakers and members of the state highway commis- sion that they meet on common ground. Consideration of any legislation tending to protect Oregon for ests and scenic beauties against destruction from fire. Continuation of the airplane forest fire patrol as a means of re ducing timber fire losses In Oregon to a minimum. Consideration of any recommendations that may be offered by the committee of 15 appointed to suggest improvements in the law now governing the operations of the industrial accident commission. Payment to all ex-service men by the state the sum of $25 for each month they actually served the government. Consideration of proposed legislation expanding the- powers of the Insurance department, in order that losses from fire may be re duced to a minimum. Consideration of proposed legislation which will stregthen the banking laws of Oregon, and protect innocent depositors against loss. State regulation of institutions dealing In bonds, regardless of whether they are municipal or Industrial. Consolidation of the office of the state sealer of weights and measures with the office of state dairy and food commissioner. Passage of habitual offenders act such as is now on the statute books of. Washington and other states. Return of all fees collected under the law creating the state board of automobile mechanics examiners, which subsequently to being organized was declared to be unconstitutional by the supreme court. Placing In the national capitol at Washington bust of Jason Lee, recognized as the founder of civilization in Oregon. Enactment of legislation making it Incumbent upon the state treasurer to obtain the sanction of the state Industrial accident com mission before investing funds of that department. Welcoming of and handling of tourists coming to. Oregon should be developed along soundly organized lines, and adoption of appro priate measures looking toward this end. Increase In the price of fishing and game licenses fro-m jl. 50 to $2.50 per annum. -t I ing of one human life, or the saving stamp out illicit manufacture and sale 4 I of one individual from being maimed I of liquor. I I and mangled, they should be accepted '. The problem has become much gladly and readily. . greater since the national prohibition I am infornied that there is a con- act went into effect. Before that I certed movement on foot for the time our main problem was to cap t adoption of uniform traffic laws ture and convict bootleggers who se- t throughout the states. To this end cured supples of whisky from other area, while the land patrolman has greatly restricted vision and a greatly restricted area to patrol. The aerial patrolman may cover hundreds of miles in a day to the tens of miles covered by the patrolman on foot. The aerial natrol Is the irreatest sin gle step yet taken In advance In for- the secretaries of state of the states states. As the source of bonded sup- est fire patrol work, and. while we of Montana. Idaho. Washington ann ply dwindles tne army or oooiiegser-s Orez-on recently met and formulated hecomes greater, and our principal a code of traffic regulations, with the problem now is to deal with the I purpose lof urging its adoption in moonshiner and his emissaries who their respective states. The intention ; dispose of his wares. Their name is of this action is to secure the greatest i becoming legion and the federal gov nossible convenience to the motorist, i ernment cannot do the work alone. so that in moving from one state to i I would be opposed to anv altera- are asking for no money from the state in carrying on this work. It will receivo the constant and con tinued co-operation ,of our forestry department, and we do ask the earn est moral support of each of you in connection with any measures which may come before the federal gov- ! .,.-.t - ."- - K ma-ir n&f lio . iiltir.-H ' tk, n,,h i hit I nn 1 a w wliieh OTli Hit H L for i ftltl "tit nnH. ttW to conform to a dltterent code ot laws , would make them less enecuve. n on u mis wor I prescribing and restricting his ac- they can be amended so as to bring i tivltles. If we are to take a step in , about better enforcement results I line of uniformity in this direction we must co-operate with these states to the fullest extent, else we shall fail in any such effort, j The matter of traffic regulation is i one of immense and growing propor tions. Its possibilities are so great as to forbid any detailed recommen dations in this message but I am con fident that you will give the careful consideration to the subject which it deserves. Japanese Question Is Eyed. How to meet the Japanese situation in this state is one that will come before this legislative assembly for consideration and possible determination. will welcome such changes and be glad to give them my hearty ap proval. Bonds and Highways Important. Under 'the direction of an able and self-sacrificing highway commission our immense road programme has ad vanced during the past two years steadily toward the desired goal. The people have spoken in no uncertain terms as to their desire for good roads. The Oregon plan for financing road building through bonds, the in terest and maturity of which are paid off through the revenue derived from motor vehicle licenses and the gaso line tax. has so far more than justi fied Itsvlf. inasmuch as returns from such licenses are In excess even of the As in other Pacific coast states estimates of the most ardent advo murmurings have long been heard in j cates of the plan. Oregon that the Japanese, an alien The path of the highway commis race of differing ideals and asplra- slon by no means has been altogether tions from our own, are gradually as smooth as the roads which it is acquiring a tenacious foothold within I laying. Prices for materials have the. confines of The state, and that 1 been hiirh freiehL rates increasing. unless their progress is curbed they I labor conditions far from satisfactory In . k. . . 1 . . .. . ,w - .. ir bv ihV' hiVrH ,Sr,'HUy f0"' ! "fh fc!nl f environment and edu over o tne Foard, and altered or 1 . ; j , . w- : , necessary and j ,he hands and the hearts of its in- changed as deemed v. i I believe all estimates should be Bossed upon by some responsible body before they are nreseri ted tn th lsture and its ways and means the solid foundation stones of the ommendation of the then warden. Dr. Steiner. a paroled man was placed in mates. State Penitentiary Praised. It is a pleasure to call your attention to tne rforedsof'Vh'ets'' W Jlcal ! S5 -J SET at jK ihat it could prune estimates ,?,' of the nlant and the camp. Only five of them have escaped fei'-V: thus'enible me""0 men' This"' s "condi? ?Hrln5 I?! ln"I? "J?. M . . - l - . t ) - . HttCe for their ronciHsnt inn 1 li.-.i -'' t This bodv ishn.iM hovo Z :i il.r yTun j. wu.u . - , , " ' .1 u . ii i ii in Li- ninic tt.uo state tn down to T?!r.,'ei'?1'l.lur':.at the outset to take tion that exists resarriless of the fact f .7.1.?? I1Dilnc and determine that' but few appropriations have i. f .1 appropriations may been made for betterments and re- be made to cover them, as the final pairs ot the institution during the responsibility, of course, for the ap-. past sevoral years, due to the fact propnauon oi tne peoples money j that on two occasions the electorate; sea l a u pon mo IChliSlure. Under present conditions there SO central body responsible for full eharire of the camp. Up to now approximately 4500 cords of wood have been cut at the Amnsvllle camp, at a nominal cost to the state, the men being paid 50 cents a cord for the wood thev cut, this being paid them upon their leaving the institu tion. An average of about 2a men mey that on two occasions the electorate , Despite tnis spienaia were asked to pass upon the question I eve this situation co U of an appropriation for a new peni- proved If the leglsiatu thsltentiary and until such decisions low the employment of all but one have been recaptured and returned to the institution. There have been no guards over the camp aside from the foreman, the paroled man in question. Despite this spienaid recoro, i ne- couia De lm- re would al- paroled men budget estimates, leaving each de- were passed the current legislative ! entirely on this work, with no con and branch of the state assemblies doubted the wisdom of, vicls from tne insiae in m au mt to make such estimates expending much money tn betterments allowed there. Now. when a man is upon, the state's finances or repairs on the old plant. Through I leaves the institulion. unless he has money as a prisoner, or had fundi when received, he leaves the prison with five dollars and a suit of clothes. If he could be given an op portunity to work at the wood camp for a time at a reasonable wage, un til be had earned sufficient money to make him somewhat self-reliant, nis opportunities ror returning to good citizenship on the outside would be vastly Improved; the possibilities of his again committing crime be vastly lessened; the necessslty for allowing, con.viots outside of the pris on walls be that much diminished, and the expense to the state in se curing the wood not very greatly in creased. on-Siippnrt Law Scanned. . While touching upon the fallacy in our laws which places men behind prison bars without proper occupa tion to prevent their own idleness or to provide support for their families, I wish to lay particular stress upon our law which provides for the con viction of a man of a felony for failure1 to support his wife and chil dren. I would not condone such an offense in the least. But the state spends thousands of dollars a year bringing these men back for prosecu tion and places many of them in the penitentiary. That is well and good as far as it goes . But the wrong is not remedied. The law, while In tended as a deterrent, works as a punitive measure only. The man is embittered behind prison walls; the wife and children secure no more support than before the prosecution, save the pittance from public charity awarded by the mothers' pension act. and when the prisoner Is discharged he is so bitter against tnose woo neut him to the penitentiary that the wife is again abandoned and the children pauperized, because the man feels he has paid his penalty and refuses to give, assistance runner. . , . t would believe in the law which prosecutes such a man because no man snouiu attempt w t,. nnnnollilliliAtl he hflS hrOUCht OntO himself when he enters wedlock and brlnps defenseless ennaren into tne Tt-nrlH nTiiviilin? that law comoelled him to actually do something for their support after nis conviction and sentence. This may be accom plished through the installation of a proper industry at the prison, and the conditions to which I have just alluded give one of the strongest ar guments in iavor oi tne inwiinamw of the box factory at the penitentiary as previously recommended in this message. Care "f Blind Is Urged. At the special election last May provision was made for the creation of a school for the adult blind in Portland. Apparent weaknesses in the law have brought a ruling from the attorney general that the mlllage funds provided for under this act- do not become available until 1922. and, in addition, the act is so loosely drawn as to leave several of its pro visions ambiguous and in need of amendment for more certainty in in terpretation, particularly as to the extent of the powers and duties of the board of control. Proper amend ments might be made to provide for the early functioning of this well conceived institution. While upon the subject of the blind I respectfully direct your attention to the possible necessity of develop ing more highly the vocational side of the training at the present blind school. The object of the school, as I understand it. is to give a chance to these afflicted children to become self-supporting citizens, regardless of the handicap under which they suffer. This is done to a certain extent, but I believe it may be am plified bv installation of additional means for vocational training whicn will pivo them larger ano more ui verstfted fields for the exercise of their developed talents. While perhaps it is not pertinent here-' nevertheless 1 wish to say that people of the state who are interested in the progress of the blind are work ing toward the end of devising means lor group employment oi tne "V connection with some of our indus tries. It is a move which has worked successfully elsewhere and no doubt will hre. Co-ordination of that work with the vocational instruction in our blind schools, both In the pres ent institution and the one to be con structed for the adult blind, will have a far-reaching effect In the solution of this profflem. The war. with Its tiall of permanently blinded heroes, has opened up many new methods for the rehabilitation of the blind which have been used with surpris ingly successful results. It Is with a great degree of satis faction that I am able to report that very few if any of these high-minded blind students ever seek for the bread of charity after leaving the Institution. Though most of us could conceive of no worse fate than to do deprived of our sight and set upon our own resources and initiative with the world dark to our eyes and the sunlight and shadow shut away from us forever, these boys and girls turn bravelv to their allotted tasks, work thom out cheerfully, and provide the means for their own sustenance as should be an inspiration of the most exalted kind. To give them every assistance toward making their dif ficult road through life easy should be a rare privilege for each of us. State Hospitals Are Lauded. Our two state hospitals at Salem and Pendleton have functioned splen didly under admirable management during the past blennium. Of all of the wards of the state, the unfortu nates confined in these institutions because of mental disorders are worthy of having their existence made as comfortable as possible. In your careful distribution of the funds which are at your disposal I am cer tain that you will be as magnani mous and liberal as possible to these institutions. They have been operat ing on a sound basis, both financially and In the large sense for which they were intended, the proper care and treatment of the insane. The state is fortunate in beimr able to secure the services of such high-class men as those who form the heads and staffs of these two institutions, and the recommendations which they make to you in regard to the care and management of them are worthy pf every favorable consideration you find yourselves able to give. One important work which has heretofore been neglected in this state is that of keeping a watchful eye on and giving assistance to the Insane after they leave our state hos pitals. The prison has its parole of ficer to be an aid to the paroled man but no such function exists for the state hospitals. It would be an act of great human ity and of splendid business sense to authorize the superintendents of the state hospitals to" designate persons for that purpose. The insane are dis charged, presumably cured, but often without friends to aid them in secur ing employment or to help them in any way. The state which confines them tor a period of time and breaks off their relations with the world should aid them to find their proper piaee again wnen tne nospitai doors open to release them from restraint. Aiding Escapes Discussed. We have upon our statute hooks. an act making it a criminal offense for ay persons to aid or abet in the escape or attempt to escape of any convict in the state penitentiary. This act should be broadened in its effect, or parallel statutes should be enacted, making it a similar offense for any person to aid in the escape of anyone confined in the boys' train ing school. the girls' industrial school, either of the state hospitals for the insane or from the institution for the feeble-minded. Such a law or laws would be of great benefit to the institutions and would be for the protection and promotion of the wel fare of Institutional inmates as well as for the protection and benefit of society at large. Eleemosynary institutions which care for indigent, homeless or orphan children and which receive aid from the state seem to have -been function ing well during the past blennium. A noble work is being done by such In stitutions and without state aid It would be difficult for them to thrive, and, in fact, many of them would probably be compelled to desist from their philanthropic activities. It Is a healthy sign when the public con science takes cognizance of these lit tle waifs who are turned adrift to float hopelessly upon the sea of hu manity unless rescued by the power ful arm of society. I know you will continue to give these the material support necessary for their susten ance and proper development. I have entered Into detail in regard to some of the state institutions wherein conditions existed to which I wished to call your more especial attention. The girls' industrial school, the state school for the deaf. the Oregon state tuberculosis hospi tal and the state institution for the feeble-minded all have been contin uing their work during the oast blen nium for the purposes for which they were intended in a manner to meet with the anDroval of the board of control. I have no need to tell you that each of these institutions is car rying out a highly deserving work; that each one is entitled to your time and careful thought in the consider ation of their needs and that none should be slighted in granting the funds necessary for the continuation of their highly beneficial work dur ing the next two years Traffic Regulations Vital. The use of motor vehicles has grown to such tremendous propor tions that not onlv onr eitv urrpntc but our state and county highways district attorney and to be expended will become yearly more and more of a menace to our institutions. This is a question too widely discussed and upon which our people have too well formed ideas to evade the issue. Realizing the importance of the subject and the magnitude to which it has grown In the minds of the people, I caused an investigation of the situation to be made personally, by the Hon. Frank Davey, a member of your honorable body and a capable, conscientious and honest investigator. He went into the subject with open mind and for the purpose of securing a fair and impartial statement of the Japanese situation as it exists in those localities of the state where the Japanese problem is uppermost. Mr. Davey has compiled a report giving ideas and expressions as gathered from various citizens in the communi ties which he visited and also cover ins; generally data as to the progress of that race in Oregon, industrially and otherwise. Copies of this report will be submitted to each of you for your information. In my opinion steps should bo taken by means of proper legislation to curb the growth of the Japanese colonies in Oregon; to preserve our lands and our resources lor tne peo ple of our own race and nationality. I believe the ultimatum should be issued that it Is the sense of the people of Oregon, speaking through their representatives, that this state Is a state with a government of Americans, by Americans and , for Americans and that Americanism Is the nre.dominant asset of its citizenry. Here in Oregon the pioneer blood flows more purely and in a more nearly undiluted stream than in any other state of the union. As a pre cious heritage, passed down to us from those hero'c fathers who braved the perils and the trials and tribula tions of pioneer days, it should he preserved unsullied as they gave it to us. I believe in that pioneer blood. I believe that when the little band of men voted at Champoeg that the soil of this state should come under the dominion of the American flag they intended that whosoever should come to Oregon should come as Amer icans, or Ehould be of such a race that they could be assimilated into a nation which believes in the tradi tions and ideals for which we have fought. Culture Declared to Be High. The Japanese are a race high in culture. They have made remark able progress since Commodore Perry, an American, first opened to them the door which showed them the dawn ing rays of a western civilization. They are a courteous paople, a high- minded people, a people ot euueation and progress. But they are not our people. We cannot assimilate them and they cannot assimilate us. OH and water will not mix. I would live in peace and amity and concord with them, but it would be a peace ana amity and concord which extended the hand of friendship across the sea. So long as Japanese and American attempt to till their acreage side by side, so long will there be enmity and distrust. Centuries of history have shown us that Mongol and Cau caslon must each work out his destiny alone. There should be peace between the two nations, but conditions as they now exist can serve no other purpose than to eventually lead these two na tions to the brink of serious eventu alities. I believe the Japanese should work out his destiny in Asia, in the .iiniimnl i-hirli finii has allotted him, and under God we should work out our own destiny on the American con tinent. This may be the most momentous question to consume the time of your deliberations. Whatever you do with it, I know you will act fairly and justlv; that you will act with the high idea ever before you that first, last and always we are American citi zens, and that what is to be done will be done with the firm resolve to preserve this state as foremost in its loyal allegiance to the flag which we all revere. Law Enforcement Upheld. Under our constitution it is the duty of the executive to take care that the laws be faithfully executed. A modest appropriation was made by tho last legislature for the payment of expenses of special agents em ployed by the governor in law-enforcement work. Emergencies re i,iri that this be materially en hanced through the emergency board. When activities of radicals were rampant, this office, at the request of some leading citizens, conducted thorough investigations of those ac tivities and co-operated to the fullest possible extent- Other extraordinary situations made a drain upon the funds. Including an investigation of the state treasurer's affairs, made under the direction of the attorney general and the grand jury. The larcrer share of the funds were expended in enforcement of the pro hibition law. This office had inves tigations made in every county of the state, and in addition thereto in vestigated, either through its agents or through the proper law-enforcing officers of the various counties, every complaint made to it. In this con nection I wish to say that I have found the district attorneys and sher iffs of the various counties ready to respond and co-operate for the ad vancement of law enforcement. It must be understood that sheriffs very frequently labor under a heavy Han dicap, particularly in the enforcement of the prohibition laws, as thev are well known In every community of their respective counties, and their appearapce is a signal for discontin uance of operations. We have en deavored to amswer appeals for as sistance from sheriffs where we could. The executive office is asking for an appropriation of $10,000 for the blennium in the continuation of the employment of special agents. To give greater latitude in this work, however, I ask that the laws be amended so that all of the fines collected for violations of the pro hibition law be placed in the county funds as a special fund for the prose cution of law-enforcement work, to be paid out on the approval of tne as far as road building is concerned: contractors hesitant because of fluc tuating prices oh commodities and labor, and numerous other difficulties have arisen to make progress dliti cult. Gilt-edge Oregon bonds have sold below Par because of an abnor mal condition of the bond market. Yet. under a heavy demand from all classes of people, as amply Indicated by the vote at the special election last May. those who are paying the bills desire roads and more roads as rapidly as they can be constructed. The commission has gone ahead with the work against these heavy odds, and while no one connected with the administratfon of the commission's affairs attempts to deny there has been some waste, some possible ex travagance, some excessive costs, nevertheless I believe the work has been done as expeditiouslv and as economically as human wisdom would allow under the abnormal conditions and times confronting the state and nation, and taking into consideratoon insistent demands by those furnishing the money that the roads be forth coming. We must also bear in mind that, as lone as human nature is as it is, as long as minds are constructed along different lines and track in dif ferent grooves, there will be dis agreements over highway projects and highway work, as there are dis. agreements over every other subject under the sun. These disagreements many times seem large to us, because we are dealing with a large subject, uppermost In the minds of tho peo ple. To give to the greatest number the best that we can; to give as near ly a dollar's worth of road for a dol lar's wor'h of money as human in genuity and human limitations will allow, arid to furnish as durable and as satisfactory a system as perishable materials will permit, must be our first duty and object. I am confident that such is the aim of our highway commission, and I am equally confi dent the legislature wishes to see noimng else done, i am equally con- h" " -reH the work of the Oregon ESSE .hie,yrP'LVeKa"?l comn,lsCslorne tohbeWfar In advancTof - J wiji.1 a not, . u'.D'"n such results. AccorhDllshments nf the nerinl fire patrol in Oregon during the past year may be summed up briefly from a report of the air service of the war department. This report shows that rrom July 1 to September 15. inclu sive, -ilS patrols were made out of Eugene. Or., covering 27.668 minutes of flying time; with 1.9SS.090 square miles of land patrolled; 5V535 miles flown by the planes and 64S fires dis covered. Out of the station at Med- ford. Or., from July 1 In Sentemher 15, inclusive. 71 patrols were made. The flying time for these patrols re quired 16,365 minutes, with 974,151 square miles of territory patrollftl and S2.730 miles flown by the planes. These patrols discovered 85 fires. The figures disclose that the aviators in the Oregon patrols located a total of 733 fires during the season. N'one but the omnipotent knows how many of these Inclpent blazes might have become devaurlng canf lagrations, bringing .in their wake waste and ruin to millions of dollars of timber land had they not been located by the keen-eyed pilots aloft and stamped out before becoming Irre sistible. Accident CammlsKlon Important. The Industrial accident commission of Oregon has grown Into one of tho most important functions of state government. The affairs of that com mission are now in splendid condition; claims are met promptly; the addition of an expert accountant as a member of the commission has resulted In a record of the funds being kept which, is p'ain and Intelligible to the ordi nary layman; and back payments from employers have been collected! In until deficits are reduced to a minimum. Before the special session r of 1920 a committee of 15. containing representatives of the employers, em ployes and citizens of the state at large was designated to investigate pro-posed changes in the workmen's compensation act and make recom mendations to that session. This was done so successfully it was deemed advisable by all parties In interest to continue such work under a similar committee. This committee has had a large number of meetings, has gone carefully Into all suggestions and recommendations which have been of fered, and has had at its command at all times the services of the members of the commission as well as their employes. Not only has the method of considering these amendments by the committee proved highly bene ficial to the workmen's compensation act but has given a splendid basis for considering advanced proposals along the line of safety first and accident prevention work highly essential features in our industrial life of to day. Rehabilitation work, first recom mended by this committee previous to the special session, and authorized by legislation of that session, has proved itself a wonderful success. One mem ber of the commission has devoted much of his time to development of this work. As a result an expert In vestigator of the federal .government frequently are congested with traffic at his direction. This would provide and danger to lite and limb becomes greater daily. uws never can wholly eliminate up'u ti iit a , . i.a ;u r a or repairs ou mo uiu iut. . in uuii . iuiij ... ........... . . ' . - - , -: m. L- ee Xlt X recommend tht Uio Initiative ot Dr. &. ti. Lfio steiner. had an opportunity to earn, a liUi competent citUens. Tnoix yiozh. this danger. But they may become effective to a large degree in saving the lives, limbs and property of our citizens and very earnest considera tion should be given in the way of traffic regulation. Many will be of fered; many will be untenable and undesirable, but none should be passed over without careful thought. More funds throurrh bond Issues will be needed by the commission and the people have authorized you to grant such funds. The question or cnangmg tne road map undoubt edly will come up for your consider ation. I would earnestly urge that you co-ordinate your work with the commission In this regard, that you meet with the commission on com mon ground. The commission has made a scientific and exhaustive study not only of the road situation but of the manner in which the funds may be used in giving the largest re turns to all of the state. I am pleased to abide by the commission's judg ment in these matters, and if any changes are contemplated I would suggest that they be made by and with the commission's sanction and consent. uch is the logical and proper way to bring about the larg est and best results for all concerned. Timber Resources Estimated. Oregon has about one-fifth of the nation's timber supply within its borders and more standing timber than any other state. While it Is now third among producing states it will soon be first and its annual lumber payroll is approximately $50,000,000. Timber is one of our greatest re sources and assets and we should look ahead to its conservation anu production to the best of our ability. To denude our forests without look ing ahead to their replacement would be a calamity to the commonwealth. Our state board of forestry, which in the manner of its composition and its functioning is probably the most advanced in the Union, has recently adopted a forestry policy unparalleled by any other state and which repre sents a definite and exceedingly for ward looking programme. The board Itself will see that this policy is brought to your attention in detail, but among other things the board advocates state forests, assistance to farmers and timberland owners in management of their properties, tax reform, land classification, protection of all potential forest lands and a campaign of education looking to bet ter understanding of our forest prob lems. As chairman of the state board I appreciate what care and thought have been given to the outlining of these plans arfd the immense value which they may be to the state. Fire prevention is one of our great est pnoblems and one of the most im portant in the preservation of our forests. Ample aid should be given to that branch of our forestry work. Our climate and the species devel oped here are highly favorable to rapid growth and natural reforesta tion. In maintaining our fire pre vention work on a high plane we are not alone protecting our great ex isting forest resources, but -we are assuring rapid development of tim bered areas for future use. In those areas fitted to natural timber growth and not essentially fitted for agri cultural development we find that the forests will naturally reassert themselves after cutting. If fire does not prevent. Consequently the key to solving the reforestation problem for Oregon may be found in our ef forts to prevent fire and to keep fires from destroying the new growth. Proper fire prevention will mean a natural reproduction of our forests during the course of a reasonable number of years. It is one of our most solemn duties to protect and preserve this enormous asset and to augment it and replenish It while we may. I am certain this legisla ture will not slight the demands which will be made upon it from that direction. Every effort is being made by the board to secure a continuance of federal assistance for fire preven tion; timber owners themselves bear a great share of this expense, and the burden of the cost Is by no means borne by the state alone. Aerial Fire Patrol Favored. One of the most successful phases of forest fire prevention work in Oregon during the last two years has been the aerial forest fire patrol, manned by aviators of the United States army, working under the di rection of the war department and the state and federal forest services. We hope to see that patrol extended all over the Pacific northwest. No appropriation is being asked for this from the state, although the emer gency board granted assistance in the district attorneys with a fund where by they could collect evidence in pro- nL'""B-7:r. r..SvS.. K iuni of $5000 last year, only a small be an added ncentive U T the agen s po"' tf?6 "3S UBf,d The Patr! to carry on their work successfully, i ls financed by the federal government si the greater the number of convic- I and STives to army aviators the finest ?ion, the loneer the worK could eon-' Possible kind of practical training. i Sul Some ?such zUn as Ti have sug-i While exact figures are not obtaln gested I believe fhe" o"ly eqVUitab!e ! able it unquestionably has saved l.un r.?r...r,int fn, ik, f thi. : dreds of thousa-nds of dollars of fire that in any other state: numerous other states are investigating our methods for adoption by themselves, and. what is better than all. the com mission's activities are showing large results In placing maimed and Injured workers back in tne neia or seir-sup-porting, competent and happy citi zens. I bespeak for this committee's rec ommendations your most careful and earnest consideration. The work be ing done by the commission vitally affects the welfare of thousands of citizens of our state and any legis lation in connection with it is worthy of deep and thoughtful attention Aid to Veterans Discussed. Two years ago, while memories of Chateau-Thierry and the Argonne were fresh In the minds of everyone, much was talked of as to assistance for our returning soldiers, sailors and marines, and considerable was done. Our financial educational aid act has brought inquiries to us from every state in the Union, from those who would re-enact it Into law elsewhere. Legislation was provided furnishing money for their immediate needs. An effort was made to work out some satisfactory land settlement and re construction projects, but these failed to meet with the approval of the peo ple at a referendum election. In other ways efforts were made to show the men who gave up their places in civil life to fight our battles abroad for us that the people Of the state were not unmindful of the sacrifices they had made. Their deeds and sacrifices should by no means be forgotten. If by any possible chance It appears there may exist any unemployment situation during the coming biennium; If there is a cnance mat some or mem may be in hardships or straits of any kind, this legislature should do all in Its power to foresee such a prospect and to see that a remedy is at hand should such contingency arise. I would further suggest that if any continuation of land settlement plans are contemplated that by all means they have as their basis a preferen tial right to be extended to honorably discharged soldiers, sailors and ma rines. I cannot let this opportunity pass without remarking upon the splendid manner in which these men have be come absorbed back into civil life; upon the magnificent way in which they are taking up arms in the battles of peace. In the organization of their American Legion they have shown a whole-hearted patriotism and a de sire for a continuation of a high typo of Americanized citizenship which makes them doubly worthy of any consideration which should be shown them by this legislature. Aid for Fighting; Men Triced. ' A reluctant congress has had befors It for some time a proposal to give a slight reward to the soldiers, sailors and marines of the great war for tho services they rendered. At $30 a month, these men offered to sacrifice their lives, and those who returned home unwounded and in perfect health nevertheless rendered great sacrifices without hope of reward. I firmly believe the nation ehould do something for these men. If the na tion will not. Oregon should come for ward in tho same spirit of patriotism which actuated her during the war and show in a material way her deep appreciation for the services given. I further believe the state should wait no longer. Congress has delayed and haggled over this measure until tho light of hope is fast fading. If we do our share, and congress eventually should come forward with additional funds, our men will then receive Ilttlo enough for what they did. I appreciate tnat our soldiers, sail ors and marines went Into this war without h,ope of monetary roward. No monetary reward could repay In even an infinitesimal part of a measure for what they gave up and for what they did. But that does- not remove tho fact that we owe them, and our pos terity forever will owe them, a bound less debt that never may be repaid in full. To express the depth of our sentiment In words Is well and good, but It may be conveyed in a substan tial way which indicates that we mean each word we say. I would have the state give to these men at least $25 for every month of actual service they each had in the military or naval branches of the United States government. I would not call It a "bonus." It would not be a bonus. It would be a very small share of the'r rightful due, particu larly when compared with some of the wages paid to men who worked at home while these men were flghtlnif abroad. "I realize full well that your legis lative assembly cannot appropriate any such sum of money as would he . . . :,. . nMi rn Tne XLHie or oil1 :fi n n r: n it n 11 1 r( n 10 -trtiiu 111c ,,'itm oi int. worK, ana at me san,e t.iue wui oe . i : ' .ii.. .. ... m,...t. ,1,, ir measures or any Kind may no the only puccessiui way in wnicn :"Vta ' m . a i d'era who served l.-m ihxs iLai. The adopted which will result la the sav- 1 aullicient Xuads may be raised to patrolman may eco ovw a gr a.t,M who utrvea uwu uu ut 0